223 lines
26 KiB
XML
223 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="9E5FB691F412E19D57662BF1DBCC1279" ID-CLB-Dataset="42349" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3911.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8baa9579-e863-47db-b025-7acc20458ac0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="238815" ID-ZooBank="5C32A1B4-E4AB-4BC3-8E8A-1BF435587D17" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460940336171" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ugalde, Diana, Gómez, Patricia & Simões, Nuno" docDate="2015" docId="03BB02496067FFD4FF54D01A82E8BA90" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03911p183.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3911 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Erylus formosus Sollas 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="153" masterDocId="FF827A316065FFD6FFC3D30A810FBD76" masterDocTitle="Marine sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Gulf of México, new records and redescription of Erylus trisphaerus (de Laubenfels, 1953)" masterLastPageNumber="183" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="153" updateTime="1698584134703" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DDFBD40B3CD539D9B22F8B0A98632487">Marine sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Gulf of México, new records and redescription of Erylus trisphaerus (de Laubenfels, 1953)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5CFB8226EFCD293222B47C9B1D526516">Ugalde, Diana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8CF07F3D28009A10C948F5CAE035D9E3">Gómez, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F2694ED48FC3313F904252D7EC408D60">Simões, Nuno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D7666329C286D7E369F30C2FBC66F8EF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1BA41FE80D7B0ED53CC0B947870B4D60">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4A6A58A793439321D819F6DDE202E6F9">
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<mods:date id="110138680AF11D8E4F63926EAC63DE9D">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="23332B4DFF5C585C31FCBA682DEE6663">3911</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03BB02496067FFD4FF54D01A82E8BA90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5678278" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591283" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5678278" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB02496067FFD4FF54D01A82E8BA90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB02496067FFD4FF54D01A82E8BA90" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<subSubSection id="C308E0D46067FFD4FF54D01A802FBEC4" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF54D01A80F7BE5C" blockId="2.[151,504,784,843]" box="[151,504,784,810]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<heading id="D0E504336067FFD4FF54D01A80F7BE5C" bold="true" box="[151,504,784,810]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FF54D01A80F7BE5C" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,504,784,810]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="formosus">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF54D01A80F7BE5C" bold="true" box="[151,504,784,810]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF54D01A8051BE5C" bold="true" box="[151,350,784,810]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Erylus formosus</emphasis>
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Sollas, 1886
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF54D0388065BE3D" blockId="2.[151,504,784,843]" box="[151,362,818,843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6067FFD4FF5CD03881E3BE3D" box="[159,236,818,843]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1196,1218]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus formosus Sollas, 1886: A. Cross section of skeletal arrangement showing the cortex and radial arrangement of megascleres. B. Aspidasters and centrotylote microstrongyles in LM. C. Oxeas and aspidasters. D. Aspidaster and centrotylotes microstrongyles in SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238817/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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A–D, 13A)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF54D076802FBEC4" blockId="2.[151,1436,890,946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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Selected synonymy:
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<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FEB7D07683D4BEE4" authority="Sollas, 1886:195" authorityName="Sollas" authorityPageNumber="195" authorityYear="1886" box="[372,731,892,914]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="formosus">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FEB7D0768311BEE4" box="[372,542,892,914]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Erylus formosus</emphasis>
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Sollas, 1886:195
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FD29D07682B5BEE4" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[746,954,892,914]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum, 28, 1 - 287. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 0348 - 5797 - 0" type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
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:181;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FC37D07685E7BEE4" author="Gomez" box="[1012,1256,892,914]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Gomez, P. & Green, G. (1984) Sistematica de las esponjas marinas de Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 11, 69 - 90." type="journal article" year="1984">Gómez & Green 1984</bibRefCitation>
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:85;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FAD6D07681F0BEC4" author="Hajdu" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Hajdu, E., Peixinho, S. & Fernandez, C. C. (2011) Esponjas marinhas da Bahia: guia de campo e laboratorio. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 246 pp." type="book" year="2011">
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Hajdu
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FA9DD0768493BEE5" box="[1374,1436,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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:81.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308E0D46067FFD4FF54D0D48479BE81" box="[151,1398,990,1015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF54D0D48479BE81" blockId="2.[151,1437,990,2023]" box="[151,1398,990,1015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF54D0D48076BE81" bold="true" box="[151,377,990,1015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED032B9A6067FFD4FE44D0D480E7BE81" box="[391,488,990,1015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">CNPGG</collectionCode>
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–1446 Alacranes reef (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE26D5986067FFD4FD26D0D48282BE81" box="[741,909,990,1015]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" precision="1" value="22.58664">22°35'11.90”N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE26D5986067FFD4FC57D0D4854BBE81" box="[916,1092,990,1015]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" precision="1" value="-89.75319">89°45'11.49”W</geoCoordinate>
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), depth
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<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6067FFD4FB5ED0D485D7BE80" box="[1181,1240,990,1015]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFAC959F6067FFD4FB27D0D5847DBE81" box="[1252,1394,991,1015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" value="2012-07-02">02/VII/2012</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308E0D46067FFD4FF04D70885F1BB65" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF04D7088277B9DD" blockId="2.[151,1437,990,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF04D708805EB96D" bold="true" box="[199,337,1026,1051]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Description</emphasis>
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. Massive sponge, consisting of a set of interconnected lobes, each provided with an apical oscule (
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<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6067FFD4FF5CD72C81FFB949" box="[159,240,1062,1087]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. Sponges in situ A. Erylus formosus. B. Cliona amplicavata excavating on Lobatus gigas shell. C. Cliona flavifodina. D. Chondrilla caribensis, E. Hymeniacidon caerulea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238828/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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A). Body measures
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<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6067FFD4FE12D72C8307B948" box="[465,520,1062,1087]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
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in height by
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<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6067FFD4FD5CD72C83E3B948" box="[671,748,1062,1087]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" unit="cm" value="3.5">3.5 cm</quantity>
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in width. Oscules
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<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6067FFD4FC03D72C853CB948" box="[960,1075,1062,1087]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, tending to collapse once out of the water. The body wall has homogeneously distributed ostia. The sponge surface is smooth underwater but wrinkled once out of the water. The consistency is firm, slightly compressible. Its color
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FAF7D765848EB9F0" box="[1332,1409,1135,1158]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">in vivo</emphasis>
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is dark brown outside, light brown inside, all dark brown in alcohol.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF04D7BC83CFB8F5" blockId="2.[151,1437,990,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF04D7BC8021B9B9" bold="true" box="[199,302,1206,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Skeleton</emphasis>
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. Cortex consist of two layers, about 200 µm thick, the outer one, ectochrote with abundant microstrongyles tangentially placed, and below a thicker layer with aspidasters packed together. The choanosomal skeleton is radially oriented near the surface, becoming strewn in confusion at the centre (
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<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6067FFD4FB30D7F48431B861" box="[1267,1342,1278,1303]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1196,1218]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus formosus Sollas, 1886: A. Cross section of skeletal arrangement showing the cortex and radial arrangement of megascleres. B. Aspidasters and centrotylote microstrongyles in LM. C. Oxeas and aspidasters. D. Aspidaster and centrotylotes microstrongyles in SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238817/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A). The orthotriaene rhabds are perpendicular to the surface, with cladomes supporting the cortex, and several bundles of oxeas 50–100 µm in diameter, some single oxeas traversing the cortex. Tylasters, oxyasters and centrotylote microstrongyles are scattered in the choanosome.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF04D68485F1BB65" blockId="2.[151,1437,990,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF04D6848026B8D1" bold="true" box="[199,297,1422,1447]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Spicules</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6067FFD4FEF8D6848085B8D1" box="[315,394,1422,1447]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1196,1218]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus formosus Sollas, 1886: A. Cross section of skeletal arrangement showing the cortex and radial arrangement of megascleres. B. Aspidasters and centrotylote microstrongyles in LM. C. Oxeas and aspidasters. D. Aspidaster and centrotylotes microstrongyles in SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238817/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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B–D). Megascleres are fusiform oxeas, slightly curved to styloid, 600–900 × 12–18.2 µm, orthotriaenes with rhabdomes 385–550 × 18.2 µm in length, with clads around 143 × 13 µm. Microscleres are aspidasters, 150–213.2 µm long, centrotylotes microstrongyles for the most part with some centrotylote microxeas, 39–45 × 2.7-6 µm (
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<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6067FFD4FEB2D6F080BBBB65" box="[369,436,1530,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1196,1218]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus formosus Sollas, 1886: A. Cross section of skeletal arrangement showing the cortex and radial arrangement of megascleres. B. Aspidasters and centrotylote microstrongyles in LM. C. Oxeas and aspidasters. D. Aspidaster and centrotylotes microstrongyles in SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238817/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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D), tylasters 13–16.5 µm in diameter and oxyasters, 12–18 µm in diameter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308E0D46067FFD4FF04D51481D0BBB1" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF04D51481D0BBB1" blockId="2.[151,1437,990,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF04D51480E4BB41" bold="true" box="[199,491,1566,1591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
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. The current is the first record of
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<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FCA6D5148513BB41" box="[869,1052,1566,1591]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="formosus">
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<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FCA6D5148513BB41" box="[869,1052,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Erylus formosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for the Gulf of
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<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6067FFD4FB08D514842BBB41" box="[1227,1316,1566,1591]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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. However, it is well represented in the Caribbean Sea, from the north coast of Quintana Roo (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FB89D5498445BB2D" author="Gomez" box="[1098,1354,1603,1627]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Gomez, P. & Green, G. (1984) Sistematica de las esponjas marinas de Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 11, 69 - 90." type="journal article" year="1984">Gómez & Green 1984</bibRefCitation>
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) to the south of
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<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6067FFD4FF3ED56D8059BB08" box="[253,342,1639,1662]" name="Panama" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Panama</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FEA4D56D80EDBB09" author="Diaz" box="[359,482,1638,1663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Diaz, M. C. (2005) Common sponges from shallow marine habitats from Bocas del Toro Region, Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41, 465 - 475." type="journal article" year="2005">Díaz 2005</bibRefCitation>
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), Carrie Bow Cay,
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<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6067FFD4FD03D56C8207BB09" box="[704,776,1638,1663]" name="Belize" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Belize</collectingCountry>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FCDAD56C82E2BB09" author="Rutzler" box="[793,1005,1638,1663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Rutzler, K., Piatoni, C., Soest van, R. W. M. & Diaz, M. C. (2014) Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay. Zootaxa, 3805, 1 - 129. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3805.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Rützler
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FCB5D56D82A5BB09" box="[886,938,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">et al</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6067FFD4FB7ED56C840EBB09" box="[1213,1281,1638,1663]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FAD1D56C81DCBBD5" author="Hajdu" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Hajdu, E., Peixinho, S. & Fernandez, C. C. (2011) Esponjas marinhas da Bahia: guia de campo e laboratorio. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 246 pp." type="book" year="2011">
|
||
Hajdu
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FAA2D56D8493BB09" box="[1377,1436,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It has even been recorded in eastern Florida, near Bimini
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6067FFD4FCA1D58082A6BBD5" box="[866,937,1674,1699]" name="Iceland" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6067FFD4FC77D5808511BBD5" box="[948,1054,1674,1699]" name="Bahamas" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6067FFD4FB80D58185A3BBD4" box="[1091,1196,1674,1699]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="26.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="3.0">3 to 50 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FB3DD58081DCBBB1" author="Wiedenmayer" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum, 28, 1 - 287. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 0348 - 5797 - 0" type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C308E0D46067FFD4FF04D5D882E8BA90" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6067FFD4FF04D5D882E8BA90" blockId="2.[151,1437,990,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF04D5D8803BBB9D" bold="true" box="[199,308,1746,1771]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FE87D5D880F1BB9D" box="[324,510,1746,1771]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FE87D5D880F1BB9D" box="[324,510,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Erylus formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FD14D5DE8276BB9D" box="[727,889,1746,1771]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trisphaerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FD14D5DE8276BB9D" box="[727,889,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">E. trisphaerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6067FFD4FC6CD5D88560BB9D" author="Laubenfels" box="[943,1135,1746,1771]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de (1953) Sponges from the Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science Gulf and Caribbean, 2, 511 - 557." type="journal article" year="1953">Laubenfels 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (see below). However, it differs as its body lobes are close together, resulting in a massive complex of lobes, whereas the lobes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FA47D5FD8018BA45" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trisphaerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FA47D5FD8018BA45" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">E. trisphaerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are well separated from each other. The color is brown alive in both species, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FB23D4168467BA45" box="[1248,1384,1819,1843]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FB23D4168467BA45" box="[1248,1384,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">E. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is homogeneous throughout the whole body, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FD3AD4358296BA21" box="[761,921,1854,1879]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trisphaerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FD3AD4358296BA21" box="[761,921,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">E. trisphaerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is blackish on top and light brown to beige towards the base of the sponge. The skeletal elements show the most important differences between these species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FF54D48D8012BAE9" box="[151,285,1927,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FF54D48D8012BAE9" box="[151,285,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">E. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FE71D48D835DBAE9" box="[434,594,1926,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trisphaerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FE71D48D835DBAE9" box="[434,594,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">E. trisphaerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by aspidasters that are not trilobulate such as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FBB5D48D841BBAE9" box="[1142,1300,1926,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trisphaerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FBB5D48D841BBAE9" box="[1142,1300,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">E. trisphaerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6067FFD4FAE6D48C8468BAE9" box="[1317,1383,1926,1951]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1368,1390]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1345]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[340,1247,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Spicule composition in Erylus trisphaerus (de Laubenfels, 1953): A. Trilobate aspidasters at different stages of development, (from left, mature, to right, early). B. Hilum detail of aspidaster. C. Chiasters I with microspined rays. D. Chiasters II, smaller and lightly microspined. E. Oxyasters, minutely spined." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238819/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A) it is simply elongated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6067FFD4FE53D4A080D6BAB5" box="[400,473,1962,1987]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1196,1218]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1172]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus formosus Sollas, 1886: A. Cross section of skeletal arrangement showing the cortex and radial arrangement of megascleres. B. Aspidasters and centrotylote microstrongyles in LM. C. Oxeas and aspidasters. D. Aspidaster and centrotylotes microstrongyles in SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238817/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D). It mainly has microstrongyles instead of microxeas, and spicular meristics of megascleres differ on the average, are thinner and smaller in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6067FFD4FC81D4C582EEBA91" box="[834,993,1998,2023]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trisphaerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6067FFD4FC81D4C582EEBA91" box="[834,993,1998,2023]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">E. trisphaerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |