treatments-xml/data/03/B5/16/03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5263.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f6701c34-91f2-48c3-9ed1-4dd17fb3fb0d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801106" ID-ZooBank="4E687740-045F-44C5-810D-68C6EE9072C4" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" approvalRequired="4" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="4" checkinTime="1680678286118" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Qi, Zhi-Hao, He, Hao, Su, Rong-Xiang, Ai, Hong-Mu &amp; Song, Hai-Tian" docDate="2023" docId="03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5263.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5263 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5263.2.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="253" masterDocId="FF8C6E4BFF9EFFCC5F6C5E420045FFC7" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Lucanus boileaui group and notes on. takeoi Adachi, 2020 from the. maculifemoratus group (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae)" masterLastPageNumber="260" masterPageNumber="240" pageNumber="241" updateTime="1681158889771" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of the Lucanus boileaui group and notes on. takeoi Adachi, 2020 from the. maculifemoratus group (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Qi, Zhi-Hao</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-8596-0913</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China. &amp; Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350012, China. &amp; qizhihao 2021 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8596 - 0913</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>He, Hao</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-8871-9671</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China. &amp; 18835130675 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8871 - 9671</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Su, Rong-Xiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-6575-5776</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350012, China. &amp; surongxiang 2022 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6575 - 5776</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ai, Hong-Mu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-7754-8256</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China. &amp; aihongmu @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7754 - 8256</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Song, Hai-Tian</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-1042-7959</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350012, China. &amp; haitiansong @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1042 - 7959</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-04-05</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>5263</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:start>240</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5263.2.4</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5263.2.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814601" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7814601" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1121,1482,1581]" box="[151,812,1482,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,812,1482,1509]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" reason="1">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,812,1482,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[151,553,1482,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,416,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Lucanus jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, new species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1121,1482,1581]" box="[151,643,1519,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
(Chinese common name: 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[438,634,1519,1542]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">MŦƜẄƜṈƤ</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[151,1121,1554,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1121,1482,1581]" box="[151,1121,1554,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<figureCitation box="[151,284,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[158,1432,666,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-216@2.[151,1436,666,1814]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Figs. 1A–B</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation box="[295,363,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,181,1873]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">2A–F</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation box="[374,445,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[314,1276,189,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[307,1280,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">3A–D</figureCitation>
; 4A, E–H; 5A–B; 
<figureCitation box="[653,721,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang &amp; Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">6A–F</figureCitation>
; 7A–E; 8A–D; 
<figureCitation box="[895,967,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[179,1403,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">9A–X</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation box="[978,1064,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[164,1423,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, I, Q), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, J, R), abdominal segment 9 (C–D, K–L, S–T) and aedeagus (E–H, M–P, U–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan). A, D, G, I, L, O, Q, T, W, dorsal view; B–C, E–F, J–K, M–N, R–S, U–V, ventral view; H, P, X, lateral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814613/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">10A–X</figureCitation>
; 11B
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1437,1626,2013]" box="[151,1184,1626,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,310,1626,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Type locality.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[316,386,1627,1653]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[396,591,1627,1653]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
, Kunming City, Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1437,1626,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,373,1662,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-05-19" collectionCode="FAF" collectorName="Hao He" country="China" county="Kunming City" elevation="2900" latitude="26.043" location="Hongtudi Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.92997" municipality="Dongchuan District" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[380,498,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<typeStatus box="[380,493,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
♁ (
<collectionCode box="[541,596,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">FAF</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingCountry box="[615,707,1663,1689]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">CHINA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[717,911,1663,1689]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty box="[923,1085,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Kunming City</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[1096,1319,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Dongchuan District</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6:8EC3F1FEFF9FFFCD5A5E583D0093F97A" country="China" county="Kunming City" latitude="26.043" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.92997" municipality="Dongchuan District" name="Hongtudi Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" stateProvince="Yunnan">Hongtudi Town</location>
[
<emphasis bold="true" box="[231,343,1699,1722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">IJ±ṂDz</emphasis>
], 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6:8EC3F1FEFF9FFFCD5E0258E102BAF97A" box="[366,767,1699,1725]" country="China" county="Kunming City" latitude="26.043" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.92997" municipality="Dongchuan District" name="Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" stateProvince="Yunnan">Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve</location>
[
<emphasis bold="true" box="[784,1092,1699,1722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">MŦƜ国ẎṁbẍOiḞffl</emphasis>
], 
<geoCoordinate box="[1115,1255,1699,1725]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="2" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" precision="1" seconds="34.8" value="26.043">26°2'34.8''N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1267,1432,1698,1725]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" precision="1" seconds="47.9" value="102.92997">102°55'47.9''E</geoCoordinate>
, alt. 
<quantity box="[195,354,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="m" value="2900.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2800.0">
<elevation box="[195,354,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="m" value="2900.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2800.0">2800–3000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date box="[368,485,1735,1761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" value="2022-05-19">
<collectingDate box="[368,485,1735,1761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" value="2022-05-19">19.V.2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName box="[499,587,1735,1761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Hao He</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation box="[646,1098,1735,1763]" collectionCode="CZHQ, CHH" country="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus box="[646,759,1735,1761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 2♁♁ (1♁ 
<collectionCode box="[890,969,1735,1761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">CZHQ</collectionCode>
, 1♁ 
<collectionCode box="[1026,1089,1735,1761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">CHH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-05-19" collectionCode="JNNR, CZHQ, CRXS, CHH, FAF" collectorName="Hao He" country="China" county="Kunming City" elevation="2900" latitude="26.043" location="Hongtudi Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.92997" municipality="Dongchuan District" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
same data as holotype; 5♁♁ (2♁♁ 
<collectionCode box="[224,297,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">JNNR</collectionCode>
, 1♁ 
<collectionCode box="[350,429,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">CZHQ</collectionCode>
, 1♁ 
<collectionCode box="[482,558,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">CRXS</collectionCode>
, 1♁ 
<collectionCode box="[611,674,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">CHH</collectionCode>
), 
<specimenCount box="[693,728,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[743,798,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">FAF</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation box="[817,1095,1771,1797]" collectingDate="2022-06-09" collectionCode="JNNR, CZHQ, CRXS, CHH, FAF" collectorName="Hao He" country="China" county="Kunming City" elevation="2900" latitude="26.043" location="Hongtudi Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.92997" municipality="Dongchuan District" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
same data but 
<date box="[978,1095,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" value="2022-06-09">
<collectingDate box="[978,1095,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" value="2022-06-09">9.VI.2022</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="252" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1437,1626,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,529,1806,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
Description of the 
<typeStatus box="[419,524,1807,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
♁ (
<figureCitation box="[572,695,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[158,1432,666,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-216@2.[151,1436,666,1814]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Fig. 1A–B</figureCitation>
), body length 
<quantity box="[855,958,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="33.3">33.3 mm</quantity>
. Length of particular body parts: head (
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
), mandible (
<quantity box="[337,428,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="7.4">7.4 mm</quantity>
), pronotum (
<quantity box="[570,661,1842,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
), elytra (
<quantity box="[759,864,1842,1869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
); width: head (
<quantity box="[1029,1120,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="8.4">8.4 mm</quantity>
), pronotum (
<quantity box="[1262,1354,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
), elytra (
<quantity box="[159,263,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="11.8">11.8 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1437,1626,2013]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis box="[199,288,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Habitus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[303,426,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[158,1432,666,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-216@2.[151,1436,666,1814]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Fig. 1A–B</figureCitation>
). Color mostly blackish, including mandibles, head, pronotum, scutellum, legs and ventral side; elytra dark brown. Whole body with a certain luster, densely tiny punctuated; dorsal surface of the body nearly smooth, without visible pubescence; ventral surface of thorax with yellow pubescence, pubescence on metasternum markedly longer than on other areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis box="[199,260,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[277,366,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,181,1873]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) transverse. Anterior ridge obsolete at lateral sides and not markedly raised at middle. Lateral ridges narrowed inwards in the front half and slightly protruded in posterior half, forming small rounded angles at lateral posterior corners. Canthus (
<figureCitation box="[529,613,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,181,1873]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
) thin, dividing about 1/3 of the eye. Clypeolabrum (
<figureCitation box="[1178,1262,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,181,1873]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
) subhexagonal, about 1.5 times as wide as long, fused with frons, indistinct defined by a transverse suture; anterior margin straight, lateral margins with a distinct protrusion forming a small obtuse angle. Mandible (
<figureCitation box="[1080,1169,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,181,1873]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) about 1.6 times longer than head, evenly incurved, apical fork with upper tooth slightly longer and finer than lower one; major inner tooth slender, with rounded tip, placed at near half the mandible; major inner tooth preceded by 2–3 smaller teeth and not followed by any teeth. Antennal club with 4 antennomeres; antennomere 7 slender and sharply pointed apically; antennomeres 8–10 lamellate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis box="[199,310,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Pronotum</emphasis>
transverse, 1.7 times wider than long, widest behind the middle. Anterior margin slightly protruding to the front at midline; anterior angle sharp and directed forwards. Lateral margins protrudent outwards widely. Posterior margin almost straight.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,645]" box="[199,923,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<taxonomicName box="[199,309,619,645]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[199,309,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
near triangular, punctuated, 1.6 times wider than long.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" startId="2.[151,250,1840,1864]" targetBox="[158,1432,666,1804]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,1840,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,278,1840,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Male habitus of 
<taxonomicName box="[460,662,1840,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis box="[460,546,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Lucanus</emphasis>
species. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[643,662,1840,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[662,697,1840,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">–B,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[706,984,1841,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[706,720,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[736,863,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1089,1216,1840,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">new species</emphasis>
(33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[494,549,1876,1900]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">C–D,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Boucher, 1998" authorityName="Boucher" authorityYear="1998" box="[559,846,1877,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludivinae">
<emphasis box="[559,573,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[590,684,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">ludivinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Boucher, S." box="[694,846,1877,1901]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" pagination="177 - 185" refId="ref7749" refString="Boucher, S. (1998) Deux Lucanus inedits des provinces chinoises du Yunnan et du Guangxi (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Coleopteres, 4, 177 - 185." type="journal article" year="1998">Boucher, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1357,1406,1877,1901]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">E–F,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Adachi, 2020" authorityName="Adachi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takeoi">
<emphasis box="[1416,1430,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[151,213,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">takeoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Adachi, N." box="[218,355,1913,1937]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref7642" refString="Adachi, N. (2020) A new species of the genus Lucanus from Szechuan province, southwest China. Kogane, 23, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="2020">Adachi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[802,861,1912,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">G–H,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Planet, 1897" authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" box="[867,1110,1913,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[867,881,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[893,976,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">boileaui</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Planet, L." box="[983,1110,1913,1937]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref8126" refString="Planet, L. (1897) Description de coleopteres nouveaux. Le Naturaliste, 19, 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Planet, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[254,371,1948,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">A, C, E, G,</emphasis>
dorsal view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[509,621,1949,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">B, D, F, H,</emphasis>
ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" startId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" targetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,1437,1896,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,277,1896,1920]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Male head (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[410,529,1896,1921]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">A, G, M, S</emphasis>
), clypeolabrum (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[708,823,1897,1921]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">B, H, N, T</emphasis>
), canthus (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[940,1050,1896,1921]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">C, I, O, U</emphasis>
) and tibia (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1173,1398,1897,1921]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X</emphasis>
) of 
<taxonomicName box="[151,317,1932,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis box="[151,237,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Lucanus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in dorsal view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[480,530,1932,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">A–F,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[537,806,1932,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[537,551,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[564,691,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[904,1029,1932,1957]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">new species</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[1043,1136,1932,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">holotype</typeStatus>
, Kunming, 
<collectingRegion box="[1254,1336,1933,1957]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1353,1409,1932,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">G–L,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Boucher, 1998" authorityName="Boucher" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludivinae">
<emphasis box="[1416,1430,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[151,245,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">ludivinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Boucher, S." box="[251,399,1968,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" pagination="177 - 185" refId="ref7749" refString="Boucher, S. (1998) Deux Lucanus inedits des provinces chinoises du Yunnan et du Guangxi (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Coleopteres, 4, 177 - 185." type="journal article" year="1998">Boucher, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Gongshan, 
<collectingRegion box="[527,609,1969,1993]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[625,687,1969,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">M–R,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Adachi, 2020" authorityName="Adachi" authorityYear="2020" box="[692,921,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takeoi">
<emphasis box="[692,706,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[718,780,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">takeoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Adachi, N." box="[785,921,1968,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref7642" refString="Adachi, N. (2020) A new species of the genus Lucanus from Szechuan province, southwest China. Kogane, 23, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="2020">Adachi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Huidong, 
<collectingRegion box="[1035,1121,1968,1992]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1138,1189,1968,1992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">S–X,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Planet, 1897" authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" box="[1195,1437,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[1195,1209,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1221,1304,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">boileaui</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Planet, L." box="[1310,1437,1968,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref8126" refString="Planet, L. (1897) Description de coleopteres nouveaux. Le Naturaliste, 19, 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Planet, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Mabian, 
<collectingRegion box="[250,336,2004,2028]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7814603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" startId="4.[151,250,1909,1933]" targetBox="[314,1276,189,1873]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,1437,1909,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,276,1909,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Male abdominal tergite 8 (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[558,668,1909,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">A, E, I, M</emphasis>
), abdominal ventrite 8 (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[918,1020,1909,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">B, F, J, N</emphasis>
) and abdominal segment 9 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P</emphasis>
) of 
<taxonomicName box="[303,500,1945,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis box="[303,389,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Lucanus</emphasis>
species. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[481,500,1945,1969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[500,537,1945,1969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">–D,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[543,810,1945,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[543,557,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[570,697,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[907,1032,1945,1969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">new species</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[1045,1138,1945,1969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">holotype</typeStatus>
, Kunming, 
<collectingRegion box="[1255,1337,1945,1969]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1354,1409,1945,1969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">E–H,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Boucher, 1998" authorityName="Boucher" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludivinae">
<emphasis box="[1416,1430,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[151,245,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">ludivinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Boucher, S." box="[252,400,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" pagination="177 - 185" refId="ref7749" refString="Boucher, S. (1998) Deux Lucanus inedits des provinces chinoises du Yunnan et du Guangxi (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Coleopteres, 4, 177 - 185." type="journal article" year="1998">Boucher, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Gongshan, 
<collectingRegion box="[529,611,1981,2005]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[629,674,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">I–L,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Adachi, 2020" authorityName="Adachi" authorityYear="2020" box="[681,911,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takeoi">
<emphasis box="[681,695,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[708,770,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">takeoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Adachi, N." box="[775,911,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref7642" refString="Adachi, N. (2020) A new species of the genus Lucanus from Szechuan province, southwest China. Kogane, 23, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="2020">Adachi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Huidong, 
<collectingRegion box="[1027,1113,1981,2005]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1131,1187,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">M–P,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Planet, 1897" authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" box="[1193,1437,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[1193,1207,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1220,1303,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">boileaui</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Planet, L." box="[1309,1437,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref8126" refString="Planet, L. (1897) Description de coleopteres nouveaux. Le Naturaliste, 19, 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Planet, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Mabian, 
<collectingRegion box="[250,336,2017,2041]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
). 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[352,585,2017,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P,</emphasis>
dorsal view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[722,957,2017,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O,</emphasis>
ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="245" startId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" targetBox="[173,1423,186,1856]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,1880,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,276,1880,1904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Aedeagus of 
<taxonomicName box="[420,586,1880,1904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis box="[420,506,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">Lucanus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" box="[602,714,1880,1904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">H, L, P, T,</emphasis>
apex of flagellum). 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[925,1013,1880,1904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">A, E–H,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[1020,1292,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[1020,1034,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1048,1175,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">new species</emphasis>
(holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[557,635,1916,1940]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">B, I–L,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Boucher, 1998" authorityName="Boucher" authorityYear="1998" box="[644,926,1916,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludivinae">
<emphasis box="[644,658,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[673,767,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">ludivinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Boucher, S." box="[775,926,1916,1940]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245" pagination="177 - 185" refId="ref7749" refString="Boucher, S. (1998) Deux Lucanus inedits des provinces chinoises du Yunnan et du Guangxi (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Coleopteres, 4, 177 - 185." type="journal article" year="1998">Boucher, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Gongshan, Yunnan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1161,1250,1916,1940]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">C, M–P,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Adachi, 2020" authorityName="Adachi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takeoi">
<emphasis box="[1259,1273,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1288,1350,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">takeoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Adachi, N." pageId="5" pageNumber="245" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref7642" refString="Adachi, N. (2020) A new species of the genus Lucanus from Szechuan province, southwest China. Kogane, 23, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="2020">Adachi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Huidong, Sichuan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[418,502,1952,1976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">D, Q–T,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Planet, 1897" authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" box="[507,747,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[507,521,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[533,616,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">boileaui</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Planet, L." box="[621,747,1952,1976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref8126" refString="Planet, L. (1897) Description de coleopteres nouveaux. Le Naturaliste, 19, 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Planet, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Mabian, Sichuan). 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[951,1054,1952,1976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">F, J, N, R,</emphasis>
dorsal view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1188,1360,1952,1976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">A–D, E, I, M, Q,</emphasis>
ventral view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[214,332,1988,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="245">G, K, O, S,</emphasis>
lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801118" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801118/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="246" startId="6.[151,250,1756,1780]" targetBox="[164,1418,194,1720]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,1756,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,276,1756,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Female habitus of 
<taxonomicName box="[477,677,1756,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis box="[477,563,1757,1780]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">Lucanus</emphasis>
species. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[658,677,1756,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[677,712,1756,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">–B,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[720,993,1756,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[720,734,1757,1780]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[748,875,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1095,1221,1756,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">new species</emphasis>
(24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[364,420,1792,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">C–D,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Adachi, 2020" authorityName="Adachi" authorityYear="2020" box="[429,669,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takeoi">
<emphasis box="[429,443,1793,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[459,521,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">takeoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Adachi, N." box="[529,669,1792,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref7642" refString="Adachi, N. (2020) A new species of the genus Lucanus from Szechuan province, southwest China. Kogane, 23, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="2020">Adachi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1008,1057,1792,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">E–F,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Planet, 1897" authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" box="[1066,1319,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[1066,1080,1793,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1096,1179,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">boileaui</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Planet, L." box="[1189,1319,1792,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref8126" refString="Planet, L. (1897) Description de coleopteres nouveaux. Le Naturaliste, 19, 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Planet, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[344,429,1828,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">A, C, E,</emphasis>
dorsal view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[566,647,1828,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="246">B, D, F,</emphasis>
ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="247" startId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" targetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,1871,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,276,1871,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Female head (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[428,537,1871,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">A, G, I, O</emphasis>
), clypeolabrum (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[714,785,1871,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">B, J, P</emphasis>
), canthus (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[901,1019,1871,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">C, H, K, Q</emphasis>
) and tibia (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1139,1306,1871,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">D–F, L–N, R–T</emphasis>
) of 
<taxonomicName pageId="7" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis box="[1350,1436,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">Lucanus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in dorsal view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[383,433,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">A–F,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[439,703,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[439,453,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[465,592,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[798,923,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">new species</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[935,1026,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">paratype</typeStatus>
, Kunming, 
<collectingRegion box="[1142,1224,1907,1931]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1241,1293,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">G–H</emphasis>
(refer to p. 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" pageId="7" pageNumber="247" unit="in" value="22.0">22 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation author="Huang, H. &amp; Chen, C. - C." box="[178,399,1943,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247" refId="ref7884" refString="Huang, H. &amp; Chen, C. - C. (2017) Stag Beetles of China III. Formosa Ecological Company, Taipei, 524 pp." type="book" year="2017">Huang &amp; Chen, 2017</bibRefCitation>
; Gongshan, 
<collectingRegion box="[525,607,1943,1967]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[625,672,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">I–N,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Adachi, 2020" authorityName="Adachi" authorityYear="2020" box="[679,911,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takeoi">
<emphasis box="[679,693,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[706,768,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">takeoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Adachi, N." box="[773,911,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref7642" refString="Adachi, N. (2020) A new species of the genus Lucanus from Szechuan province, southwest China. Kogane, 23, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="2020">Adachi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Huidong, 
<collectingRegion box="[1027,1113,1943,1967]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1131,1185,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">O–T,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Planet, 1897" authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" box="[1192,1437,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[1192,1206,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1219,1302,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">boileaui</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Planet, L." box="[1309,1437,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="247" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref8126" refString="Planet, L. (1897) Description de coleopteres nouveaux. Le Naturaliste, 19, 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Planet, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Mabian, 
<collectingRegion box="[250,336,1979,2003]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="7" pageNumber="247">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" startId="8.[151,250,970,994]" targetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,970,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,275,970,994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Female abdominal tergite 8 (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[575,652,970,994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">A, F, K</emphasis>
), abdominal ventrite 8 (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[898,977,970,994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">B, G, L</emphasis>
) and genitalia (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1138,1225,970,994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">C, H, M</emphasis>
) including details of hemisternite (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[292,365,1006,1030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">D, I, N</emphasis>
), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[778,854,1006,1030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">E, J, O</emphasis>
) of 
<taxonomicName box="[898,1097,1006,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis box="[898,984,1007,1030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Lucanus</emphasis>
species. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1078,1097,1006,1030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1096,1132,1006,1030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">–E,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[1139,1410,1006,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[1139,1153,1007,1030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1167,1294,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[217,344,1042,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">new species</emphasis>
(paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[670,717,1042,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">F–J,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Adachi, 2020" authorityName="Adachi" authorityYear="2020" box="[724,959,1042,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takeoi">
<emphasis box="[724,738,1043,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[752,814,1042,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">takeoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Adachi, N." box="[821,959,1042,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref7642" refString="Adachi, N. (2020) A new species of the genus Lucanus from Szechuan province, southwest China. Kogane, 23, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="2020">Adachi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Huidong, Sichuan); 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1182,1240,1042,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">K–O,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Planet, 1897" authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[1248,1262,1043,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1276,1359,1042,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">boileaui</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Planet, L." pageId="8" pageNumber="248" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref8126" refString="Planet, L. (1897) Description de coleopteres nouveaux. Le Naturaliste, 19, 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Planet, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Mabian, Sichuan). 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[409,492,1078,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">A, F, K,</emphasis>
dorsal view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[629,802,1078,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">B–E, G–J, L–O,</emphasis>
ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1148,2039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis box="[199,252,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Legs</emphasis>
. Protibia (
<figureCitation box="[371,459,1148,1175]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,181,1873]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
) with 4–5 blunt teeth along outer margin, 1 spur at apex; apex bifurcate with branches blunt at tip. Mesotibia (
<figureCitation box="[417,502,1184,1211]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,181,1873]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
) with 1 small and 3 large lateral spines ever-greater from base to apex along outer margin in addition to terminal spines, 2 spurs at apex. Metatibia (
<figureCitation box="[900,985,1220,1247]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,181,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,181,1873]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
) with 1 small and 2 large lateral spines ever-greater from base to apex along the outer margin in addition to terminal spines, 2 spurs at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1148,2039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis box="[199,269,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Elytra</emphasis>
elongate, almost smooth, 1.4 times longer than wide, the anterior margin of elytra wider than pronotum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1148,2039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis box="[199,366,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[384,521,1364,1391]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[314,1276,189,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[307,1280,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Figs. 3A–D</figureCitation>
; 4A, E–H). Abdominal tergite 8 (
<figureCitation box="[912,1003,1364,1391]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[314,1276,189,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[307,1280,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) with poorly-defined lateral angles, a crack from the base along the midline to half of tergite. Abdominal ventrite 8 (
<figureCitation box="[1033,1119,1400,1427]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[314,1276,189,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[307,1280,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) with a transverse indistinct membranous area in the middle of base, posterior margin completely sclerified with obvious black thickening weakly protruded at middle of posterior margin, the sides of ventrite dark. Ventral plate of the abdominal segment 9 (
<figureCitation box="[181,267,1508,1535]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[314,1276,189,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[307,1280,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
) with a wide membranous stripe, slightly widened behind the apical base, then of the same width to the posterior side. Aedeagus (
<figureCitation box="[449,607,1544,1571]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[164,1423,181,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 4A, E–H</figureCitation>
) in dorsal view about 2.3 times longer than wide. Basal piece (
<figureCitation box="[1342,1429,1544,1571]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[164,1423,181,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
) triangular in dorsal view, nearly 1.6 times longer than parameres, without pair of sclerotized dorsal plates; ventral plate at apical end of basal piece membranous. Paramere with small basal process, apex of paramere upcurved. Penis short and wide, shorter and wider than paramere in ventral view. Flagellum rather long, about twice as long as aedeagus, apex of the flagellum (
<figureCitation box="[522,610,1688,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[164,1423,181,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
) not enlarged.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1148,2039]" box="[199,1051,1724,1751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,392,1725,1751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
Male 
<typeStatus box="[267,387,1725,1751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Body length 
<quantity box="[544,707,1725,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.925" metricValueMax="3.13" metricValueMin="2.7199999999999998" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="29.25" valueMax="31.3" valueMin="27.2">27.2–31.3 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation box="[722,856,1724,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[287,1316,192,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[249,1339,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Variation of male habitus of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (27.3–31.0 mm, paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A, small sized; B–D, medium sized. Scale bar = 10.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801122/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Figs. 8A–D</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation box="[868,940,1725,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[179,1403,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">9A–X</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation box="[951,1038,1725,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[164,1423,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, I, Q), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, J, R), abdominal segment 9 (C–D, K–L, S–T) and aedeagus (E–H, M–P, U–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan). A, D, G, I, L, O, Q, T, W, dorsal view; B–C, E–F, J–K, M–N, R–S, U–V, ventral view; H, P, X, lateral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814613/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">10A–X</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1148,2039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis box="[199,303,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Variation</emphasis>
. In small and medium sized males, number of inner teeth in mandible (
<figureCitation box="[1117,1311,1760,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[179,1403,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 9A, G, M, S</figureCitation>
) only 1–2; the shape of clypeolabrum (
<figureCitation box="[469,660,1796,1823]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[179,1403,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 9B, H, N, T</figureCitation>
) variable, width/length ratio: 1.3–1.8; anterior ridge of head weakly elevated or not elevated at all. Protibia (
<figureCitation box="[600,774,1832,1859]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[179,1403,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 9D, J, P, V</figureCitation>
) with 2–5 teeth along outer margin; mesotibia (
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[179,1403,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 9E, K, Q, W</figureCitation>
) with 2–3 lateral spines along outer margin; metatibia (
<figureCitation box="[845,1029,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[179,1403,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 9F, L, R, X</figureCitation>
) with 1–2 lateral spines along outer margin. Variation of male genitalia see 
<figureCitation box="[591,673,1904,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[164,1423,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, I, Q), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, J, R), abdominal segment 9 (C–D, K–L, S–T) and aedeagus (E–H, M–P, U–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan). A, D, G, I, L, O, Q, T, W, dorsal view; B–C, E–F, J–K, M–N, R–S, U–V, ventral view; H, P, X, lateral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814613/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1148,2039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,409,1941,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">
Female 
<typeStatus box="[295,404,1941,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">paratype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Eclosion defects may exist (
<figureCitation box="[737,862,1940,1967]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[164,1418,194,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1435,181,1732]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); E–F, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801118/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="248">Fig. 5A–B</figureCitation>
). Body length 
<quantity box="[1029,1134,1941,1967]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="24.8">24.8 mm</quantity>
. Length of particular body parts: head (
<quantity box="[289,380,1976,2003]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
), mandible (
<quantity box="[519,611,1977,2003]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
), pronotum (5.0 mm), elytra (
<quantity box="[944,1050,1977,2003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="14.8">14.8 mm</quantity>
); width: head (
<quantity box="[1216,1308,1976,2003]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="5.9">5.9 mm</quantity>
), pronotum (9.0 mm), elytra (
<quantity box="[348,453,2012,2039]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="8" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801122" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801122/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="249" startId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[287,1316,192,1910]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,277,1943,1967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="249">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Variation of male habitus of 
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[583,923,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[583,805,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="249">Lucanus jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1026,1153,1943,1968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="249">new species</emphasis>
(27.3–31.0 mm, paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[505,530,1979,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="249">A,</emphasis>
small sized; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[663,717,1980,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="249">B–D,</emphasis>
medium sized. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7814609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="250" startId="10.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[179,1403,181,1920]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph blockId="10.[151,1436,1944,2040]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,275,1944,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Variation of male head (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[529,644,1944,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">A, G, M, S</emphasis>
), clypeolabrum (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[821,932,1944,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">B, H, N, T</emphasis>
), canthus (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1046,1151,1944,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">C, I, O, U</emphasis>
) and tibia (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X</emphasis>
) of 
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[241,570,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[241,459,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">Lucanus jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[664,788,1980,2004]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">new species</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[801,902,1980,2004]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">paratypes</typeStatus>
, Kunming, 
<collectingRegion box="[1017,1096,1980,2004]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
) in dorsal view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1261,1311,1980,2004]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">A–F,</emphasis>
small sized; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,208,2016,2040]" pageId="10" pageNumber="250">G–X,</emphasis>
medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814613" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7814613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="251" startId="11.[151,250,1541,1565]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,1511]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1437,1541,1638]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,288,1541,1565]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Male abdominal tergite 8 (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[566,641,1541,1566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">A, I, Q</emphasis>
), abdominal ventrite 8 (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[888,961,1542,1566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">B, J, R</emphasis>
), abdominal segment 9 (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1216,1385,1541,1566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">C–D, K–L, S–T</emphasis>
) and aedeagus (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[258,431,1578,1602]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">E–H, M–P, U–X</emphasis>
) of 
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[472,802,1577,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[472,690,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">Lucanus jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[897,1022,1577,1602]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">new species</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[1034,1135,1578,1602]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">paratypes</typeStatus>
, Kunming, 
<collectingRegion box="[1251,1333,1578,1602]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">A, D, G, I, L, O, Q, T, W,</emphasis>
dorsal view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[461,813,1613,1638]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">B–C, E–F, J–K, M–N, R–S, U–V,</emphasis>
ventral view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[958,1041,1614,1638]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">H, P, X,</emphasis>
lateral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1437,1683,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis box="[199,287,1684,1710]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">Habitus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[305,431,1683,1710]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[164,1418,194,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1435,181,1732]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); E–F, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801118/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">Fig. 5A–B</figureCitation>
). Color mostly blackish, including dorsal side blackish; ventral side blackish with gula, procoxa, mesocoxa, prosternal and mesosternal process red brown. Whole body with a certain luster, densely punctuated,; dorsal surface of the body nearly smooth, without visible pubescence; ventral surface of thorax clad with yellow pubescence, pubescence on metasternum markedly longer than on other areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1437,1683,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis box="[199,260,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[277,366,1828,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang &amp; Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) covered with dense large punctures. Canthus (
<figureCitation box="[906,994,1828,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang &amp; Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
) with anterior and posterior angles not defined and inside of eye; lateral margin short and straight, dividing about 1/4 of the eye. Anterior and lateral ridges absent. Clypeolabrum (
<figureCitation box="[413,499,1900,1926]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang &amp; Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="251">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
) transverse, trapezoidal, narrower at front and flat at apex, not protruding medially. Both mandibles without dorsal tooth, right mandible with a big and broad inner tooth, inner tooth of left mandible with broad and projecting inner ridge. Antennal club with 4 antennomeres; antennomere 7 slender and sharply pointed apically; antennomeres 8–10 lamellate.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801124" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801124/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" startId="12.[151,250,1149,1173]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,1126]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1436,1149,1210]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,286,1149,1173]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Natural habitat and living individual of 
<taxonomicName authority="Qi, He, Su" authorityName="Qi, He, Su" box="[694,1026,1150,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus">
<emphasis box="[694,913,1150,1174]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Lucanus jiaozishanus</emphasis>
Qi, He, Su
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Song, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1123,1248,1149,1174]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">new species</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1260,1284,1149,1173]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">A,</emphasis>
natural habitat in Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve, Kunming, Yunnan, alt. 2900 m; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[878,901,1186,1210]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">B,</emphasis>
living individual (holotype) in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis box="[199,310,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Pronotum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[324,411,1256,1282]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang &amp; Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) transverse, 1.8 times wider than long, widest at the middle; anterior margin slightly concave at midline; anterior angles rounded; lateral angles clearly defined and obtuse; posterior angles obtuse. Pronotum with a longitudinal depression along midline (maybe due to eclosion defects).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,2038]" box="[199,824,1364,1390]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<taxonomicName box="[199,309,1364,1390]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[199,309,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rounded, punctate, 1.6 times wider than long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis box="[199,252,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Legs</emphasis>
. Protibia (
<figureCitation box="[367,452,1400,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang &amp; Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
) with 2–3 distinct teeth ever-greater from base to apex along outer margin, apex bifurcate with branches relatively apart, broad and blunt, 1 spur at apex. Mesotibia (
<figureCitation box="[965,1049,1436,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang &amp; Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
) with a large lateral spine preceded by a much smaller one along outer margin in addition to terminal spines, 2 spurs at apex. Metatibia (
<figureCitation box="[1268,1351,1472,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang &amp; Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
) with 1 small lateral spine in addition to terminal spines, 2 spurs at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis box="[199,269,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Elytra</emphasis>
elongate, almost smooth, 1.4 times longer than wide, the anterior margin of elytra wider than pronotum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis box="[199,390,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[404,526,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 7A–E</figureCitation>
). Abdominal tergite 8 (
<figureCitation box="[783,871,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
) without lateral angles. Abdominal ventrite 8 (
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
) with a membranous area in the middle and a emarginate at middle of posterior margin. Hemisternite (
<figureCitation box="[1340,1428,1652,1678]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
) broadly rounded apically, with inner lateral margin of sclerotized part short. Spermatheca (
<figureCitation box="[1148,1232,1688,1714]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
) J-shaped, weakly sclerotized at apex only. Spermathecal duct (
<figureCitation box="[656,744,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
) short, almost the same length as spermatheca. Spermathecal gland (
<figureCitation box="[229,314,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
) oval, significantly shorter than spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,2038]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,463,1795,1821]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species is close to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boucher" authorityYear="1998" box="[793,1001,1796,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludivinae">
<emphasis box="[793,1001,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Lucanus ludivinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be clearly distinguished by a combination of external and genital characters (see keys). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" box="[799,920,1832,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[799,815,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[828,920,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">boileaui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the same species-group, but differs greatly from 
<taxonomicName authority="Qi &amp; He &amp; Su &amp; Ai &amp; Song, 2023" authorityName="Qi &amp; He &amp; Su &amp; Ai &amp; Song" authorityYear="2023" box="[296,465,1868,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[296,312,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[325,465,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[472,609,1867,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[472,609,1867,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in external characters (see keys). Four moderately sized species (
<taxonomicName authority="Adachi, 2020" authorityName="Adachi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takeoi">
<emphasis box="[1339,1355,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1368,1436,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">takeoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Adachi, N." box="[151,304,1904,1930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref7642" refString="Adachi, N. (2020) A new species of the genus Lucanus from Szechuan province, southwest China. Kogane, 23, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="2020">Adachi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion box="[375,468,1904,1930]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Kurosawa, 1966" authorityName="Kurosawa" authorityYear="1966" box="[481,770,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kanoi">
<emphasis box="[481,497,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[512,574,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">kanoi</emphasis>
Kurosawa, 1966
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Sakaino, 1995" authorityName="Sakaino" authorityYear="1995" box="[783,1100,1904,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurosawai">
<emphasis box="[783,799,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[814,930,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">kurosawai</emphasis>
Sakaino, 1995
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="Imanishi, 1990" authorityName="Imanishi" authorityYear="1990" box="[1157,1436,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ogakii">
<emphasis box="[1157,1173,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1188,1258,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">ogakii</emphasis>
Imanishi, 1990
</taxonomicName>
all from 
<collectingRegion box="[249,340,1940,1966]" country="China" name="Taiwan)" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Taiwan)</collectingRegion>
of the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1861" box="[421,640,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifemoratus">
<emphasis box="[421,437,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[452,640,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">maculifemoratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group are similar in external characters to the new species, but can be distinguished by genital characters and have different distribution ranges. The male genitalia of 
<taxonomicName authority="Qi &amp; He &amp; Su &amp; Ai &amp; Song, 2023" authorityName="Qi &amp; He &amp; Su &amp; Ai &amp; Song" authorityYear="2023" box="[1264,1436,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[1264,1280,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1296,1436,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,288,2011,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[151,288,2011,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="252" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
have a rather long flagellum (
<figureCitation box="[626,717,2012,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[164,1423,181,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="252">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
), nearly twice as long as aedeagus, the apex of the flagellum not enlarged (
<figureCitation box="[262,351,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[164,1423,181,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
), and not a short flagellum (
<figureCitation box="[666,753,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[164,1423,181,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
), usually as long as aedeagus, and its apex enlarged (
<figureCitation box="[1345,1428,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[164,1423,181,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Fig. 4P</figureCitation>
) like the four quoted species. The female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName authority="Qi &amp; He &amp; Su &amp; Ai &amp; Song, 2023" authorityName="Qi &amp; He &amp; Su &amp; Ai &amp; Song" authorityYear="2023" box="[737,906,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[737,753,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[766,906,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[913,1050,186,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[913,1050,186,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
show a completely not sclerotized spermathecal duct (
<figureCitation box="[372,460,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
) and a mostly not sclerotized spermatheca (
<figureCitation box="[962,1051,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
), weakly sclerotized at apex only, and not a more or less sclerotized spermathecal duct (
<figureCitation box="[759,847,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
) and a completely sclerotized spermatheca (
<figureCitation box="[1349,1428,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,970,994]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[177,1411,181,946]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Fig. 7J</figureCitation>
) as the four quoted species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[199,891,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,151,609]" box="[199,891,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Etymology.</emphasis>
This new species is named after the 
<typeStatus box="[746,794,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[199,545,366,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,151,609]" box="[199,545,366,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,353,366,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[359,426,367,393]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion box="[441,533,367,393]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="253" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species should be assigned to the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Planet" authorityYear="1897" box="[774,970,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boileaui">
<emphasis box="[774,970,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Lucanus boileaui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (sensu 
<bibRefCitation author="Huang, H. &amp; Chen, C. - C." box="[1135,1380,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" refId="ref7824" refString="Huang, H. &amp; Chen, C. - C. (2010) Stag Beetles of China I. Formosa Ecological Company, Taipei, 288 pp." type="book" year="2010">Huang &amp; Chen 2010</bibRefCitation>
). All specimens of 
<taxonomicName authority="Qi &amp; He &amp; Su &amp; Ai &amp; Song, 2023" authorityName="Qi &amp; He &amp; Su &amp; Ai &amp; Song" authorityYear="2023" box="[309,480,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Lucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiaozishanus" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[309,325,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[340,480,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">jiaozishanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[489,628,438,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[489,628,438,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
were collected from nightfall to night (from 
<specimenCount box="[1147,1190,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" type="generic">7 p.</specimenCount>
m. to 
<specimenCount box="[1259,1317,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" type="generic">10 p.</specimenCount>
m.), in the forests of Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve at an altitude of about 
<quantity box="[925,1010,475,501]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation box="[1026,1130,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1149,1173]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1126]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[164,1423,181,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Natural habitat and living individual of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su &amp; Song, new species. A, natural habitat in Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve, Kunming, Yunnan, alt. 2900 m; B, living individual (holotype) in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801124/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). The adults were found on the trunk of 
<taxonomicName box="[285,438,511,537]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="georgei">
<emphasis box="[285,438,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="253">Abies georgei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[450,553,511,537]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
) or on the ground, but no feeding behavior was observed, and the true host plant remains to be found. In addition, no specimens of new taxon were attracted by the light traps at night, which means that the phototaxis of this species may be weak.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>