341 lines
34 KiB
XML
341 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="DF3ADE99849B460EEB00BAE2A0FDCB1B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.157582" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f2776005-80ee-41fa-b03a-25131fcb996e" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="157582" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461013824471" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Reeves, Will K., Adler, Peter H., Grogan, William L. & Super, Paul E." docDate="2004" docId="03A6E95BFFA3FFC5E37F10FCD86FFA86" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00483.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 483" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Hippoboscidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FF9F9123FFB0FFD1E277111FDC27FF98" masterDocTitle="Hematophagous and Parasitic Diptera (Insecta) in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698568383469" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="ED2EBEB6AD1AECF1FF5FBA996B5981E9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="056F2D9764D93A557C3E12BFCE5F1175">
|
||
<mods:title id="F239AB760E5EDD535244F7EC3328C989">Hematophagous and Parasitic Diptera (Insecta) in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="118C7631A524F9DE0B9BB1976BA6F8A9" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="21016157C11756EDB38AED1C55DE6927">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C2096A6935FCFFE484F5AD0794D48F1B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0F7C20FDEAAD5EA81D61846080C811E2">Reeves, Will K.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="10A28C9549715016593B43FF49A65BE7" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="711CD460D7E178CB0D763E2807B0A3D5">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A8648F341A172C6F89BACAF71FD2727A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A6B54C72E2278DF72DC0C64AF22600F5">Adler, Peter H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="30A898AB920B2B8E639D564D4297EAF8" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4DCD7B2FA3953D1EFFFB67C92CA0993A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="92042BE4FF09D89760A6F3C7BCA77862">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="94708B0A4669E386A0D6504D7A678904">Grogan, William L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="9A33B6CD40A1458EE21984304961157E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="5668F4C4FD1EE3CBF7DBD439055E62C8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A3EB07C61D733944BAD786292A60018A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="48F5F4A9F01BF4E7E903245FA89CFD04">Super, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="27AA2AE6AC86E1BBBDB2630FBE5C85A9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="B9F400262DF0823C5D07266752D6DD6D" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="5A7B702FFFB53416C4F50F0DD6623C20">
|
||
<mods:title id="A7771CCE6B2A65A8355F60C91D9F1A6E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="3FAB9B9C7C27630CE81C0D4F0661D24B">
|
||
<mods:date id="34D839C09EBF849180F12B78F683CBE2">2004</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D26C801B8DE814D9D4C1295D6E037E5F" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="C239EC6EC80319068682962AF6E96414">483</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="2C7B866AA38741BC7FC47694B6E9A1EA" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="2B7F31C96B3EAFD179CDB547C7D38A05">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="CEABE0D09ED8E3F2A39C66C64527521C">44</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="F3BB14D791CC249FF054467BAE6D4DF1">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="706E6CC727BAE23AC0E20902D727BED0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.157582</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="62075BA35AD5251D6AE3DDEB1E77D121" type="GBIF-Dataset">f2776005-80ee-41fa-b03a-25131fcb996e</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FB4B837F8DFFDDD89611C17611D5B15C" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D4E19B96699D042388CC0D0FEF75B9F8" type="Zenodo-Dep">157582</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="974F3A49275DCD1E437A0B81B6219C21" type="ZooBank">21B79402-B2DD-44D9-8A17-76E64785DE9C</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03A6E95BFFA3FFC5E37F10FCD86FFA86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6271857" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119600973" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6271857" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6E95BFFA3FFC5E37F10FCD86FFA86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6E95BFFA3FFC5E37F10FCD86FFA86" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150BC6FFA3FFC2E37F10FCDDA4FD71" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA3FFC2E37F10FCDE06FE65" blockId="19.[264,545,483,509]" box="[264,545,483,509]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="D0F8EF21FFA3FFC2E37F10FCDE06FE65" bold="true" box="[264,545,483,509]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E37F10FCDE06FE65" bold="true" box="[264,545,483,509]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E31010FCDE06FE65" ID-CoL="B39" ID-ENA="81710" box="[359,545,483,509]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hippoboscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA3FFC2E37F1330DDA4FD71" blockId="19.[264,1323,559,745]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E3491330DDD6FDD1" box="[318,497,559,585]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hippoboscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or flat flies and keds, are ectoparasites of birds and mammals. Males and females feed exclusively on blood. Hippoboscids are biological vectors of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E6D31348DD10FD00" class="Sporozoa" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Haemoproteus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Protozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E6D31348DD10FD00" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Haemoproteus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
blood parasites of birds and can transfer phoretic bird lice and mites from one bird to another. They are primarily tropical in distribution and species richness in the Park is relatively low.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150BC6FFA3FFC2E37F1200DED6FB99" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA3FFC2E37F1200DE10FCA1" blockId="19.[264,1323,799,1305]" box="[264,567,799,825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E37F1200DE10FCA1" authority="Leach" authorityName="Leach" box="[264,567,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Icosta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E37F1200DDF2FCA0" box="[264,469,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Icosta americana</emphasis>
|
||
(Leach)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA3FFC2E34F1258DED6FB99" blockId="19.[264,1323,799,1305]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Collections: North
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E0511258DF88FCF9" authority="Swain Co., Big Cove" authorityName="Swain Co., Big Cove" box="[550,943,839,865]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Carolina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carolina, Swain Co., Big Cove</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E1B61258D893FCF9" box="[961,1204,839,865]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1943-09-23">23 September 1943</date>
|
||
, ex great horned owl, coll. A. Stupka; Tennessee, Sevier Co. Dudley Creek,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E6511270D926FC11" box="[1062,1281,879,905]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1943-09-01">1 September 1943</date>
|
||
, ex great horned owl, coll. A. Stupka; Elkmont (664 meters,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B3E8AFFA3FFC2E1A31288D870FC29" box="[980,1111,919,945]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="5" value="35.6536">35.6536°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B3E8AFFA3FFC2E61F1288D8D3FC29" box="[1128,1268,919,945]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="5" value="-83.5806">83.5806°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E77A1288DDBDFC41" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1940-03-12">12 March 1940</date>
|
||
, ex great horned owl, coll. A. Stupka; Park Headquarters,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E63A12A0D926FC41" box="[1101,1281,959,985]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1976-03-26">26 march 1976</date>
|
||
, ex great eastern screech owl, coll. D. DeFoe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150BC6FFA3FFC2E34F1510DE60FAF1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA3FFC2E34F1510DDE6FA81" blockId="19.[264,1323,799,1305]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E34F1510DE2FFBB0" box="[312,520,1039,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Icosta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E34F1510DE2FFBB0" box="[312,520,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Icosta americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is primarily an ectoparasite of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E1CB1510D877FBB1" ID-CoL="5W6" box="[956,1104,1039,1065]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Accipitridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E6171510D8C8FBB1" ID-CoL="625WG" box="[1120,1263,1039,1065]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phasianidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E37F1528DE37FBC9" ID-CoL="GQX" authority="Maa 1969" authorityName="Maa" authorityYear="1969" box="[264,528,1079,1105]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
Strigidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA3FFC2E3F21528DE21FBC9" author="Maa" box="[389,518,1079,1105]" pageId="19" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1969) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph, 20, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1969">Maa 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Park records represent flies captured during raptor studies. While there are only four records,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E0DB1540DF64FBE0" box="[684,835,1119,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Icosta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E0DB1540DF64FBE0" box="[684,835,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">I. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
probably occurs throughout the Park on owls and other birds of prey. With the recent introduction of West Nile virus and its fatal infections in raptors, the vector potential of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E16315B0DF8CFB50" box="[788,939,1199,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Icosta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E16315B0DF8CFB50" box="[788,939,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">I. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be of interest to wildlife managers.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA3FFC2E3FD15C8DE63FB69" author="Brimley" box="[394,580,1239,1265]" pageId="19" pageNumber="40" refString="Brimley, C. S. (1938) The Insects of North Carolina. North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Raleigh, 560 pp." type="book" year="1938">Brimley (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E0A315C8DF49FB68" box="[724,878,1239,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Icosta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E0A315C8DF49FB68" box="[724,878,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">I. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most common hippoboscid in North
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E32315E0DD9AFA81" box="[340,445,1279,1305]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Carolina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carolina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA3FFC2E37F1450DE60FAF1" blockId="19.[264,1323,1359,1905]" box="[264,583,1359,1385]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E37F1450DE60FAF1" ID-CoL="74VZP" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[264,583,1359,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E37F1450DDFFFAF0" box="[264,472,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ornithoica vicina</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150BC6FFA3FFC2E34F1468D92DF9A9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA3FFC2E34F1468D92DF9A9" blockId="19.[264,1323,1359,1905]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Collections: North
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E0681468D821FA09" authority="Haywood Co., Purchase Knob" authorityName="Haywood Co., Purchase Knob" box="[543,1030,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Carolina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carolina, Haywood Co., Purchase Knob</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E6621468D891FA09" box="[1045,1206,1399,1425]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2000-07-24">24 July 2000</date>
|
||
, ex slatecolored junco, coll. P. Super,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E0101480DF3DFA21" box="[615,794,1439,1465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2002-08-01">1 August 2002</date>
|
||
, ex song sparrow, coll. P. Super; Swain Co., near Oconaluftee River,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E05214D8DEE5FA79" box="[549,706,1479,1505]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2001-06-25">25 June 2001</date>
|
||
, ex house finch, coll. P. Super; Gregory's Bald (1508 meters,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B3E8AFFA3FFC2E31214F0DDCFF991" box="[357,488,1519,1545]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="5" value="35.5202">35.5202°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B3E8AFFA3FFC2E38314F0DE58F991" box="[500,639,1519,1545]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="5" value="-83.8661">83.8661°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E0E414F0DF0AF991" box="[659,813,1519,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2001-07-23">23 July 2001</date>
|
||
, ex slatecolored junco, coll. P. Super; Tennessee, Blount Co., Gregory's Bald,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA3FFC2E0C51708DF6BF9A9" box="[690,844,1559,1585]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2001-07-23">23 July 2001</date>
|
||
, ex slatecolored junco, coll. P. Super.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150BC6FFA3FFC5E34F1720DEAFFEAE" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA3FFC2E34F1720DD85F8E9" blockId="19.[264,1323,1359,1905]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E34F1720DE2FF9C0" ID-CoL="74VZP" box="[312,520,1599,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E34F1720DE2FF9C0" box="[312,520,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ornithoica vicina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the smallest birdbiting hippoboscid known from the Park.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA3FFC2E6821720DD68F919" author="Maa" pageId="19" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1966) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Pacific Insects Monograph, 10, 3 - 148." type="journal article" year="1966">Maa (1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA3FFC2E32B1778DDBFF919" author="Maa" box="[348,408,1639,1665]" pageId="19" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1969) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph, 20, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1969">1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) reported collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E0CC1778DF0FF918" ID-CoL="74VZP" box="[699,808,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E0CC1778DF0FF918" box="[699,808,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA3FFC2E0CC1778DEF4F918" box="[699,723,1639,1664]" name="Iceland" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. vicina
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from 86 genera, 25 families, and 10 orders of birds, although only the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E02A1790DEC8F931" ID-CoL="466" box="[605,751,1679,1705]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Strigiformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E1461790DFF2F931" ID-CoL="3RL" box="[817,981,1679,1705]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
are believed to be primary hosts.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E32017A8DE0CF948" ID-CoL="74VZP" box="[343,555,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E32017A8DE0CF948" box="[343,555,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ornithoica vicina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a potential vector of blood parasites and lice but is not yet known to transmit either (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA3FFC2E04D17C0DEECF961" author="Lloyd" box="[570,715,1759,1785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="42" refString="Lloyd, J. E. (2002) Louse flies, keds, and related flies (Hippoboscoidea). In: Mullen, G. & Durden, L. (Eds.), Medical and Veterinary Entomology. Academic Press, Amsterdam. pp. 349 - 362." type="book chapter" year="2002">Lloyd 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A single bird louse,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E1A517C0D87DF960" box="[978,1114,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E1A517C0D87DF960" box="[978,1114,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Mallophaga:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E37F1618DD8EF8B9" box="[264,425,1799,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Philopteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), was attached to the hind leg of a fly removed from a house finch.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA3FFC2E6831618DD68F8D1" author="Maa" pageId="19" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1966) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Pacific Insects Monograph, 10, 3 - 148." type="journal article" year="1966">Maa (1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA3FFC2E32A1630DDBEF8D1" author="Maa" box="[349,409,1839,1865]" pageId="19" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1969) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph, 20, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1969">1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) reported chewing lice on the wings and abdomens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA3FFC2E65B1630D8BDF8D0" ID-CoL="74VZP" box="[1068,1178,1839,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA3FFC2E65B1630D8BDF8D0" box="[1068,1178,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA3FFC2E65B1630D863F8D0" box="[1068,1092,1839,1864]" name="Iceland" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. vicina
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA3FFC2E6871630D90CF8D1" box="[1264,1323,1839,1865]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA3FFC2E34D1648DDB9F8E9" box="[314,414,1879,1905]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA4FFC5E37F1003DEAFFEAE" blockId="20.[264,1322,284,870]" box="[264,648,284,310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E37F1003DEAFFEAE" authority="Speiser" authorityName="Speiser" box="[264,648,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anchineura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E37F1003DE0CFEAD" box="[264,555,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ornithomyia anchineura</emphasis>
|
||
Speiser
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150BC6FFA4FFC5E34F105BDFC7FDEE" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA4FFC5E34F105BDFC7FDEE" blockId="20.[264,1322,284,870]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Collections: North
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E06D105BDFDEFEC6" authority="Haywood Co., Purchase Knob" authorityName="Haywood Co., Purchase Knob" box="[538,1017,324,350]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Carolina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carolina, Haywood Co., Purchase Knob</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E671105BD880FEC6" box="[1030,1191,324,350]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2002-06-23">23 June 2002</date>
|
||
, ex eastern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E37F1073DD47FE1E" box="[264,352,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Symphoromyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoebe">phoebe</taxonomicName>
|
||
, coll. P. Super;
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E0571073DEE3FE1E" box="[544,708,364,390]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2002-06-26">26 June 2002</date>
|
||
, ex eastern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E1211073DF89FE1E" box="[854,942,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Symphoromyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoebe">phoebe</taxonomicName>
|
||
, coll. P. Super;
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E6191073D927FE1E" box="[1134,1280,364,390]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2002-07-05">5 July 2002</date>
|
||
, ex slatecolored junco, coll. P. Super;
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E0D4108BDF16FE36" box="[675,817,404,430]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2002-07-08">8 July 2002</date>
|
||
, ex eastern towhee and song sparrow, coll. P. Super;
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E30F10A3DE34FE4E" box="[376,531,444,470]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2002-07-16">16 July 2002</date>
|
||
, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E03610A3DE81FE4E" box="[577,678,444,470]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Carolina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carolina</taxonomicName>
|
||
wren, coll. P. Super; Swain Co., Newfound Gap (1538 meters,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B3E8AFFA4FFC5E31F10FBDDCCFE66" box="[360,491,484,510]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="5" value="35.6108">35.6108°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B3E8AFFA4FFC5E38D10FBDEA2FE66" box="[506,645,484,510]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="5" value="-83.4256">83.4256°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E0EB10FBDF65FE66" box="[668,834,484,510]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2000-06-15">15 June 2000</date>
|
||
, slatecolored junco, coll. P. Super; near Oconaluftee River,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E3851313DEB1FDBE" box="[498,662,524,550]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2001-06-25">25 June 2001</date>
|
||
, ex house finch, coll. P. Super; Tennessee, Blount Co., Gregory's Bald,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E3BE132BDE43FDD6" box="[457,612,564,590]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2001-07-23">23 July 2001</date>
|
||
, ex slatecolored junco, coll. P. Super; Tremont Institute,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E77C132BDDA7FDEE" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2001-05-26">26 May 2001</date>
|
||
and
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E3CF1343DE6FFDEE" box="[440,584,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2001-06-06">6 June 2001</date>
|
||
, ex American robin, coll. P. Super.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150BC6FFA4FFC5E34F139BDE76FC2E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA4FFC5E34F139BDFB5FCFE" blockId="20.[264,1322,284,870]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E34F139BDE7BFD05" box="[312,604,644,669]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anchineura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E34F139BDE7BFD05" box="[312,604,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ornithomyia anchineura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the most frequently collected hippoboscid in the Park. However, it is larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E04C13B3DE80FD5D" ID-CoL="74VZP" box="[571,679,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E04C13B3DE80FD5D" box="[571,679,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA4FFC5E04C13B3DE74FD5D" box="[571,595,684,709]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. vicina
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and might have been easier to notice and collect. This fly has been reported from 68 genera, 22 families, and 7 orders of birds (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA4FFC5E62E13CBD8F2FD76" author="Maa" box="[1113,1237,724,750]" pageId="20" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1969) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph, 20, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1969">Maa 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E69E13CBDDD3FC8D" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anchineura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E69E13CBDDD3FC8D" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ornithomyia anchineura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E15013E3D814FC8E" authority="Bergroth" authorityName="Bergroth" box="[807,1075,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloropus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E15013E3DFE7FC8D" box="[807,960,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA4FFC5E15013E3DF18FC8D" box="[807,831,764,789]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. chloropus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bergroth
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a Palaearctic hippoboscid (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA4FFC5E311123BDDC3FCA6" author="Maa" box="[358,484,804,830]" pageId="20" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1969) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph, 20, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1969">Maa 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E38D123BDF39FCA5" box="[506,798,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anchineura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E38D123BDF39FCA5" box="[506,798,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ornithomyia anchineura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a potential vector of birdblood parasites but has never been demonstrated to transmit pathogens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA4FFC5E37F1283DE76FC2E" blockId="20.[264,1324,924,1310]" box="[264,593,924,950]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E37F1283DE76FC2E" authority="Maa" authorityName="Maa" box="[264,593,924,950]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E37F1283DE32FC2D" box="[264,533,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ornithomyia bequaerti</emphasis>
|
||
Maa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150BC6FFA4FFC5E34F12DBD86FFA86" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA4FFC5E34F12DBDD8EFBCE" blockId="20.[264,1324,924,1310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Collections: North
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E05712DBD82CFC46" authority="Haywood Co., Purchase Knob" authorityName="Haywood Co., Purchase Knob" box="[544,1035,964,990]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Carolina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carolina, Haywood Co., Purchase Knob</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E66C12DBD899FC46" box="[1051,1214,964,990]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2002-07-18">18 July 2002</date>
|
||
, ex song sparrow, coll. P. Super; Swain Co., near Oconaluftee River,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E1BE12F3D84FFB9E" box="[969,1128,1004,1030]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2001-06-25">25 June 2001</date>
|
||
, ex house finch, coll. P. Super; Tennessee, Blount Co., Tremont Institute,
|
||
<date id="FFB17E8DFFA4FFC5E1C0150BD87CFBB6" box="[951,1115,1044,1070]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2002-06-19">19 June 2002</date>
|
||
, ex wood thrush, coll. P. Super.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0584DFFA4FFC5E34F157BD86FFA86" blockId="20.[264,1324,924,1310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA4FFC5E34F157BDDE2FBE6" author="Maa" box="[312,453,1124,1150]" pageId="20" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1969) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph, 20, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1969">Maa (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E0F6157BDF3EFBE5" box="[641,793,1124,1150]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E0F6157BDEB1FBE5" box="[641,662,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA4FFC5E0F6157BDEB1FBE5" box="[641,662,1124,1149]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E0DE157BDF3EFBE5" box="[681,793,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">bequaerti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is underreported as a species because it is nearly identical to
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E3931593DEB1FB3D" box="[484,662,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E3931593DEB5FB3D" box="[484,658,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anchineura">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA4FFC5E3931593DDDBFB3D" box="[484,508,1164,1189]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. anchineura
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Only intact adult specimens could be differentiated, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E37F15ABDDBBFB55" box="[264,412,1204,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E37F15ABDD3AFB55" box="[264,285,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31818DDFFA4FFC5E37F15ABDD3AFB55" box="[264,285,1204,1229]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E35C15ABDDBBFB55" box="[299,412,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">bequaerti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be less frequently collected in the Park. Alternatively, it might feed on bird species that were not mist netted.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F23CEFFA4FFC5E08715C3DFDAFB6D" box="[752,1021,1244,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Ornithomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B845FFFA4FFC5E08715C3DFDAFB6D" box="[752,1021,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ornithomyia bequaerti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted to small passerine birds (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E25BCFFA4FFC5E3E8141BDE3CFA86" author="Maa" box="[415,539,1284,1310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="42" refString="Maa, T. C. (1969) Studies in Hippoboscidae (Diptera). Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph, 20, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1969">Maa 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is a potential vector of birdblood parasites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |