243 lines
30 KiB
XML
243 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="0C1B1F75CE0D8AFC4094A713AC35E021" ID-CLB-Dataset="45253" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3232.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e51f5db9-0fae-41c9-97c3-f5cee298cc0d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="280354" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460453431277" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="FISCHER, GEORG., GARCIA, FRANCISCO HITA & PETERS, MARCELL K." docDate="2012" docId="03A187F7930B0751D3C1EE4D5DC1FBE7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03232p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3232 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3232.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pheidole heliosa FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FF98FF8F9317074FD356EF015E7EFF86" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the ant genus Pheidole Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropical zoogeographic region: definition of species groups and systematic revision of the Pheidole pulchella group" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698338492918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="05CE26B0D0C7BE95F8971EFB49943BD2">
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<mods:title id="D13A5E09B083A9C5C7468D620F0AFF54">Taxonomy of the ant genus Pheidole Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropical zoogeographic region: definition of species groups and systematic revision of the Pheidole pulchella group</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8B4BC4B94B46795AA8F133F51341A4EE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EE4DB49CFD06E85577DB22CAEA99C169">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E3722BF981197E24FDE754ABF08D456C">FISCHER, GEORG.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E1C82E673A8D987F3692BB16F67A55DC">Systematic Zoology, Zoological Research Museum A. König, Adenaueralle 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C1511012E1853DCD0974BA7FFE8BB7F8" type="email">georg.fischer@gmx.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="715CF07CAE2F452AC8220E13D0F68C54">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="ABC9F0677F84A0ADAA0EFF2259FFE6A3">GARCIA, FRANCISCO HITA</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3A89A26D4A13AAFA371BB250ADF56788">Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E49B9A1CCBDD09A1FFAE6FA3D965F56A">PETERS, MARCELL K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="91D3B283F002E3A2686219474801C149">Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, D- 97074 Würzburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EC91D0F0425DDD10EA75D850FA46BEBB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AA10AE2B89E1EBA781D7682335992536">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A833C02170AEB86832FDF818DDE1A4B2">
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<mods:date id="D3FD24FB53347EB9EB7397F414731D22">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="28398BE14E1A575EFFC7FCDAFC36FFD3">2012-03-13</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="C5235F8024381E45466FA93148DE8948" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="203322CBAEBE3DDC532540296D53FBAA">3232</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="93E5EA57D9B2AB7AD28E03821A4F0E64" type="issue">
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<mods:url id="150E046284ED28A63728424A4C21DBA9">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3232.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8E151DC35CDACB836327F79E44CDBC83">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="67050FE1F8AF755FCF293BEE47E6433B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A187F7930B0751D3C1EE4D5DC1FBE7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6180082" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119575561" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6180082" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187F7930B0751D3C1EE4D5DC1FBE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A187F7930B0751D3C1EE4D5DC1FBE7" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="C312656A930B0753D3C1EE4D5FD6FEE3" box="[151,424,331,358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB736E1930B0753D3C1EE4D5FD6FEE3" blockId="28.[151,424,331,390]" box="[151,424,331,358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<heading id="D0FF818D930B0753D3C1EE4D5FD6FEE3" bold="true" box="[151,424,331,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D3C1EE4D5FD6FEE3" bold="true" box="[151,424,331,358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="4C084D62930B0753D3C1EE4D5F20FEE0" authority="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS, 2012" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,350,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliosa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D3C1EE4D5F20FEE0" bold="true" box="[151,350,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pheidole heliosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F5788930B0753D233EE4A5FD6FEE3" box="[357,424,331,357]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C312656A930B0753D3C1EE6F5F35FE00" box="[151,331,366,390]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB736E1930B0753D3C1EE6F5F35FE00" blockId="28.[151,424,331,390]" box="[151,331,366,390]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13332A64930B0753D3C8EE6F5F3DFE00" box="[158,323,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 42 – 47 P" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1663,1686]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1638]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,187,1638]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 42 – 47 P. heliosa sp. n.: full-face, lateral & dorsal view of minor (Fig. 42 – 44) (Ivory Coast, CASENT 0227945) and major worker (Fig. 45 – 47) (Ivory Coast, CASENT 0227946)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280372/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figures 42–47</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C312656A930B0753D3C1EEB75D4EFD90" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB736E1930B0753D3C1EEB75D4EFD90" blockId="28.[151,1437,438,1930]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<materialsCitation id="3B603CBC930B0753D3C1EEB75F0DFE74" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3474722365" collectingDate="1976" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="T. Diomande" country="Ivory Coast" location="Abidjan" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="CASENT0227945" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" stateProvince="Abidjan" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54B38843930B0753D3C1EEB75F7AFE48" box="[151,260,438,462]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: (major
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<specimenCount id="9D0EFD68930B0753D2D2EEB75FABFE48" box="[388,469,438,462]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="worker">worker</specimenCount>
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)
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<collectingCountry id="F31F7671930B0753D2A0EEB75CBAFE48" box="[502,708,438,462]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">IVORY COAST</collectingCountry>
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, vic.
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<collectingRegion id="49CCF803930B0753D072EEB75DFFFE48" box="[804,897,438,462]" country="Ivory Coast" name="Abidjan" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Abidjan</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFF2E9C9930B0753D0C8EEB75DA7FE48" box="[926,985,438,462]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1976</collectingDate>
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, no. 10 (
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D724EEB95B6AFE48" box="[1138,1300,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<collectorName id="26FD5337930B0753D724EEB95B6AFE48" box="[1138,1300,438,463]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">T. Diomande</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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) (
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<collectionCode id="ED19AE24930B0753D669EEB75BE7FE48" box="[1343,1433,438,462]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BMNH</collectionCode>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DBAE9E9A930B0753D3C1EEDB5F15FE74" box="[151,363,474,498]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CASENT0227945</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B603CBC930B0753D2DAEEDA5D53FD90" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3474722357" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54B38843930B0753D2DAEEDA5F83FE75" box="[396,509,475,499]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: (8 minor workers) same data as
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<typeStatus id="54B38843930B0753D082EEDB5A48FE74" box="[980,1078,474,498]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED19AE24930B0753D705EEDB5AD3FE74" box="[1107,1197,474,498]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BMNH</collectionCode>
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: CASENT0227946, CASENT0227947, CASENT0227948, CASENT0227949)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C312656A930B0753D391ED235A3AFCDC" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB736E1930B0753D391ED235A3AFCDC" blockId="28.[151,1437,438,1930]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D391ED235F3DFDBD" bold="true" box="[199,323,546,571]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C084D62930B0753D21DED225C79FDBD" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[331,519,547,571]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliosa">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D21DED225C79FDBD" box="[331,519,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pheidole heliosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the largest species in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C084D62930B0753D014ED255DB8FDBD" authorityName="Santschi. Comparison" authorityYear="1910" box="[834,966,547,571]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D014ED255DB8FDBD" box="[834,966,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. pulchella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, with a long mesosoma and a wide pronotum. Color orange, major worker darker. Minor workers: head shape elongated, 1.25 times longer than wide. Occipital carina strongly developed and relatively broad. Scapes, legs and mandibles longest within the group, scape pilosity subdecumbent to suberect. Highest number of standing hairs on head and mesonotum within the group, also with laterally projecting hairs on meso- and metapleuron. Second metanotal process long and pronounced, postpetiole spheroidal in lateral view. Major worker: antennal scrobe absent, head margin with laterally projecting hairs. Promesonotal dome lower and longer than in other species of this group, in lateral view almost continuous with mesonotal processes. Propodeal spines straight, not curved posteriorly. Standing hairs abundant everywhere, including on dorsopropodeum and laterally on meso- and metapleuron.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C312656A930B0751D391EC675F41FD4A" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB736E1930B0753D391EC675A0CFBB4" blockId="28.[151,1437,438,1930]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D391EC675C5BFCF9" bold="true" box="[199,549,870,895]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description of minor worker:</emphasis>
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Measurements (n=8): HL: 1.056–1.089 (1.074), HW: 0.778–0.822 (0.798), SL: 1.302–1.429 (1.353), MDL: 0.639–0.800 (0.685), EL: 0.167–0.200 (0.176), MFL: 1.600–1.740 (1.678), MTL: 1.381–1.476 (1.427), WL: 1.600–1.740 (1.678), PSL: 0.294–0.400 (0.324), PTH: 0.189–0.211 (0.198), PPH: 0.233–0.278 (0.249), PTL: 0.367–0.422 (0.385), PPL: 0.267–0.283 (0.276), PTW: 0.122–0.133 (0.128), PPW: 0.261–0.300 (0.273), PW: 0.567–0.611 (0.594); CI: 73–76 (74), SI: 162–174 (170), MDI: 79–99 (86), PSLI: 28–37 (30), PWI: 73–76 (74), FI: 206–213 (210), PpWI: 200–232 (214), PpLI: 129–152 (140).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB736E1930B0753D391EB3F5F3CF885" blockId="28.[151,1437,438,1930]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Head about 1.25 times longer than wide, longest within group (CI: 73–76), sides of head posterior of eye level elongated and converging evenly towards posterior margin. Occipital carina conspicuous and broad, almost collarlike. Mandibles very long (MDI: 79–99), with strong rugulae laterally, grading to smooth masticatory margin. Clypeus smooth with short to inconspicuous lateral carinae. Face smooth, hexagonally microsculptured, malar carinae interrupted, ending posterior of eye level. Frontal carina developed but weak, ending at eye-level, space near antennal insertion surrounded by conspicuous carina. Scape long, longest within group (SI: 162–174), in full face view and when laid back, surpassing posterior margin by more than one quarter to one third of its length, with subdecumbent to suberect pilosity, about twice as long as scape diameter. Pronotum wide (PWI: 73–76), outline in lateral view elongate convex, rounded towards posterior declivity, smooth, only neck weakly punctured. Humeral area laterally with short superficial carina, in dorsal view posterior of highest point of pronotum lacking lateral process. Mesonotal processes conspicuous and well-developed, second process almost as long as first. Both processes, mesopleuron and propodeum weakly punctate. Metanotal groove relatively narrow, conspicuously impressed, dorsopropodeum with highest point immediately at metanotal groove, weakly declining towards base of spines. Propodeal spines moderately long (PSLI: 28–37), metafemur very long (FI: 206–213), and metatibial pilosity on inner edge subdecumbent, outer edge with longer suberect to subdecumbent hairs. Petiole and postpetiole smooth dorsally, weakly to superficially punctate ventrally. Postpetiole in lateral view spheroidal and widest within
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<taxonomicName id="4C084D62930B0753D662E95A5BE2F9F5" authorityName="Santschi. Comparison" authorityYear="1910" box="[1332,1436,1627,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D662E95A5BE2F9F5" box="[1332,1436,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pulchella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (PpWI: 200–232). Gaster smooth, hexagonally micropunctate. Standing hairs very abundant, slender and acute, of varying lengths, on mesonotum, propodeum and waist segments relatively short, on mesosoma not restricted to dorsal surfaces, also abundant lateroventrally (best visible in oblique dorsolateral view). Color yellow to light orange.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB736E1930B0753D391E80F5F71F80C" blockId="28.[151,1437,438,1930]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930B0753D391E80F5C58F8A1" bold="true" box="[199,550,1806,1831]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description of major worker:</emphasis>
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Measurements (
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<typeStatus id="54B38843930B0753D189E80F5D36F8A0" box="[735,840,1806,1830]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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): HL: 2.450, HW: 2.350, SL: 1.238 MDL: 1.300, EL: 0.267, MFL: 1.980, MTL: 1.640, WL: 2.100, PSL: 0.272, PTH: 0.422, PPH: 0.544, PTL: 0.611, PPL: 0.422, PTW: 0.311, PPW: 0.700, PW: 1.067; CI: 96, SI: 53, MDI: 55, PSLI: 11, PWI: 45, FI: 84, PeI: 29, PpI: 66, PpWI: 225, PpLI: 145.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF776669930A0752D3C1E97E5D7DF931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280372/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[151,1436,187,1638]" targetPageId="29">
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<paragraph id="8BB736E1930A0752D3C1E97E5D7DF931" blockId="29.[151,1435,1663,1720]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930A0752D3C1E97E5F3FF913" bold="true" box="[151,321,1663,1686]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 42–47</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C084D62930A0752D21EE9805FD5F910" authority="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS, 2012" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[328,427,1664,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliosa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF3930A0752D21EE9805FD5F910" box="[328,427,1664,1686]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. heliosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F5788930A0752D2E4E9805F95F910" box="[434,491,1665,1686]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: full-face, lateral & dorsal view of minor (Fig. 42–44) (Ivory Coast, CASENT0227945) and major worker (Fig. 45–47) (Ivory Coast, CASENT0227946).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB736E1930A0751D391E9DF5F41FD4A" blockId="29.[151,1437,1758,2034]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1437,151,1121]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Head longer than wide (CI: 96), mostly rugose-punctate, with short appressed to decumbent pubescence and in frontal view with several laterally projecting hairs. Median ocellus developed, small. Mandible relatively long (MDI: 55). Median part of clypeus smooth, with conspicuous median and several weak submedian carinae. Frons longitudinally rugose-punctate, spaces in between weakly punctate, rugae reaching posterior margin only at median emargination, grading from weak to superficial rugulae on posterolateral lobes. Sides of head laterally of frons rugose-reticulate, punctate, in full-face view with several standing hairs projecting beyond lateral margin. Frontal carinae inconspicuous and short, antennal scrobe absent to inconspicuous. Promesonotum, in lateral view elongated and medially raised, dorsally, antero- and dorsolaterally rugose-reticulate, mediodorsally and posterolaterally mostly smooth with few short rugae present. Humeri weakly vertically processed, sharply marginate and rugosereticulate. Mesonotal process uniquely shaped, broadly and squarely raised above shallowly declining mesonotal declivity, marginate and partly punctate, partly rugose-reticulate, and falling steeply to a shallow, but extensively produced, medially flexed, and posteriorly marginate second mesonotal process. Metanotal groove very narrowly impressed in lateral view. Meso- and metapleuron weakly punctate, with several weak to superficial irregular rugulae, metapleural carinae very conspicuous, flange-like produced laterally. In lateral view dorsopropodeum anterior to propodeal spines almost level and about as long as spines, weakly punctate, laterodorsally very densely punctate. Propodeal spines relatively short (PSLI: 11), facing almost straight up, not curved posteriorly. Posteropropodeum punctate, partly overlain by superficial rugulae. Petiole laterodorsally and ventrally densely punctate, smooth dorsal area on peduncle laterally marginate. Postpetiole relatively wide compared to pronotal width (PpI: 66) and with strong ventral process, densely punctate, anterodorsally with short longitudinal, on highest point with interrupted longer transversal rugulae. First gastral tergite densely shagreened. Whole body with abundant, long, slender filiform standing hairs of varying lengths. Lateroventrally on pronotum and laterodorsally on propodeum with abundant suberect hairs, best visible in dorsal view. Scape with relatively short decumbent pilosity, metafemur with longer subdecumbent pilosity. Color of antennae, mesosoma, metasoma and occipital corners reddish orange, rest of head darker.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C312656A93090751D391EDD65D1EFB9A" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB736E193090751D391EDD65D1EFB9A" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1121]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D391EDD65F30FD76" bold="true" box="[199,334,727,752]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
The species most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D1D9EDD95D34FD76" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[655,842,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D1D9EDD95D34FD76" box="[655,842,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pheidole heliosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D02DEDD85A78FD76" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[891,1030,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="christinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D02DEDD85A78FD76" box="[891,1030,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. christinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D76AEDD85AC2FD76" box="[1084,1212,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. p u l c h e l l a</emphasis>
|
||
, especially in color (yellow to orange). All of them share the laterally projecting hairs on the head margin anterior and posterior of eyelevel, which separates them from the group of darkly colored species with laterally projecting hairs only posterior of eye-level or completely without. Minor workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D1AEEC3C5DFAFCD2" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[760,900,828,852]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="christinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D1AEEC3C5DFAFCD2" box="[760,900,828,852]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. christinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D0EAEC3C5A3EFCD2" authorityName="Santschi. Comparison" authorityYear="1910" box="[956,1088,828,852]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D0EAEC3C5A3EFCD2" box="[956,1088,828,852]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D79DEC3C5B4DFCD2" box="[1227,1331,828,852]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. h e l i o s a</emphasis>
|
||
in shape of the promesonotum, in lateral and dorsal view (PWI: 64–70 and 64–68 versus PWI: 73–76), especially in the development of the second mesonotal process, which in dorsal view is short and narrow [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D72DEC7F5A95FC10" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[1147,1259,894,918]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="christinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D72DEC7F5A95FC10" box="[1147,1259,894,918]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">christinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] or inconspicuous [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D398ECA15F48FC3E" authorityName="Santschi. Comparison" authorityYear="1910" box="[206,310,928,952]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D398ECA15F48FC3E" box="[206,310,928,952]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] versus long and broad [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D106ECA15CDFFC3E" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[592,673,928,952]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D106ECA15CDFFC3E" box="[592,673,928,952]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">heliosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D1EFECA15DF2FC3E" authorityName="Santschi. Comparison" authorityYear="1910" box="[697,908,928,952]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D1EFECA15DF2FC3E" box="[697,908,928,952]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pheidole pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the other two orange colored species in scape and metafemur pilosity, which is short and decumbent [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D0CFECC05A7FFC5F" authorityName="Santschi. Comparison" authorityYear="1910" box="[921,1025,961,985]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D0CFECC05A7FFC5F" box="[921,1025,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] versus longer and subdecumbent to erect [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D3B6ECE25F2EFC7D" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[224,336,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="christinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D3B6ECE25F2EFC7D" box="[224,336,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">christinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D2DDECE25FA2FC7D" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[395,476,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D2DDECE25FA2FC7D" box="[395,476,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">heliosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C084D6293090751D17CECE55CE7FC7D" authorityName="FISCHER & GARCIA & PETERS" authorityYear="2012" box="[554,665,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D17CECE55CE7FC7D" box="[554,665,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. heliosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B3884393090751D1F4ECE25CACFC7D" box="[674,722,995,1019]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series has been collected in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F767193090751D71CECE25AADFC7C" box="[1098,1235,994,1019]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
|
||
, additional minor workers are from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F767193090751D209EB055FADFB9A" box="[351,467,1028,1052]" name="Cameroon" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
and were found in sifted leaf-litter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C312656A93090751D391EB245DC1FBE7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB736E193090751D391EB245DC1FBE7" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1121]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D391EB245C44FBB8" bold="true" box="[199,570,1061,1086]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Additional material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B603CBC93090751D115EB245DC1FBE7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3474722303" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F767193090751D115EB245C96FBBB" box="[579,744,1061,1085]" name="Cameroon" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">CAMEROON</collectingCountry>
|
||
: (1 minor worker) Prov. Sud Ouest, Korup NP,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF09B0493090751D658EB245B20FBBB" box="[1294,1374,1061,1085]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="km" value="6.9">6.9 km</quantity>
|
||
417° NW Mundemba,
|
||
<date id="FFB6102193090751D20CEB485FADFBE7" box="[346,467,1097,1121]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2000-04-19">
|
||
19.iv.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF09B0493090751D2C2EB485FADFBE7" box="[404,467,1097,1121]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.00011" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="2000110.0">2000</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 110 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3C502693090751D167EB485CD8FBE7" box="[561,678,1097,1121]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="92" value="5.016667">05° 1.0' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3C502693090751D1E7EB485D61FBE7" box="[689,799,1097,1121]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="92" value="8.863334">8° 51.8' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CEAF393090751D066EB4B5DD0FBE7" box="[816,942,1097,1121]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B.L. Fisher</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |