253 lines
36 KiB
XML
253 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="362922FCB8366E78EBDAB73015CEB05E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5279282" ID-ISSN="0253-116X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5279282" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630025850813" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Jaeger, B. & H, Ban" docDate="2009" docId="039F194AC348EC25FF06196AFD4EFD5D" docLanguage="en" docName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2009.41.2.1635-1657.pdf" docOrigin="Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0.9:LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleId="24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0" docStyleName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Psychristus shibatai" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="1645" masterDocId="FFA66132C341EC2FFFB41804FFDEFFA6" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Psychristus subgenus Psychristus ANDREWES 1930 from Southeast Asia, India and Pakistan, with additions to the Psychristus discretus group (Col., Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="1657" masterPageNumber="1635" pageNumber="1644" updateTime="1699137677022" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="387C87204856EEEE009B5BCACCD35C9A">
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<mods:title id="17E0E54DBFB8CE986EFBFC4571D1611B">Two new species of Psychristus subgenus Psychristus ANDREWES 1930 from Southeast Asia, India and Pakistan, with additions to the Psychristus discretus group (Col., Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="151AF63086E43D691B38251E6D06A0EA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C66700781064DDF68FD7E0FCEA24AEF5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A1EF8FD574EB297C11FE2636B6655589">Jaeger, B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="A43C2BA1050153DE6ACBCD74D83A6017" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C7BBAEAA797DBFCDE91FA9F1899473F6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6468CE63376752D3D9AB8E8572C8556E">H, Ban</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="15031A2CEA48422F4F155CBA4AFCD3A5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5E2FEF56587B42B953D62F9F71042FAF">
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<mods:title id="6759AD6FD710D890E8DA943476BEE69F">Linzer biologische Beiträge</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1529ED72CE0934F82A7C6F09C21812AE">
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<mods:date id="EAF0996149DB2B09C1C5147B0EC29B58">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E651CBA43CB49C66D2AD674A521A0443">2009-12-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="034AE58FB788FEDE48BD9B1415C2D60B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D87593C034AD96F6DA9F3721F45F38CE">41</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="820074DD2CD080C858258965BC0C79DC" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="C30CE6891C2FEB7008C97F28848B34EA">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CFE1E579BC3AB5B84970F03A8C93CBB4">1635</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="AFDF453615026A448550A3217402A0AA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F1654982011F2E165BDBF72629013E6B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5279282</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="45DAA543951E73A9767A36D3C2963C5B" type="ISSN">0253-116X</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039F194AC348EC25FF06196AFD4EFD5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5281258" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5281258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F194AC348EC25FF06196AFD4EFD5D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F194AC348EC25FF06196AFD4EFD5D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="1645" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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<subSubSection id="C32CFBD7C348EC26FF06196AFCA2FE22" box="[178,892,366,388]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B89A85CC348EC26FF06196AFCA2FE22" blockId="9.[178,892,366,388]" box="[178,892,366,388]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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<heading id="D0C11F30C348EC26FF06196AFCA2FE22" box="[178,892,366,388]" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FF06196AFD9DFE22" ID-CoL="4PR2Y" authority="(ITO 1985)" baseAuthorityName="ITO" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[178,579,366,388]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shibatai">
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<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FF06196AFD9DFE22" bold="true" box="[178,579,366,388]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FF06196AFEF7FE22" bold="true" box="[178,297,366,388]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Psychristus</emphasis>
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(s.str.)
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<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FECF196AFE10FE22" bold="true" box="[379,462,366,388]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">shibatai</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA7D5ADC348EC26FE68196AFDDDFE24" author="ITO N" box="[476,515,366,388]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref8957" refString="ITO N. (1985): Descriptions and Notes of the Genus Bradycellus in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - The Entomological Review of Japan 40 (1): 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="1985">ITO</bibRefCitation>
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1985)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FDFB196AFD1EFE22" box="[591,704,366,388]" captionStart="Figs 10-12" captionStartId="17.[178,218,1470,1490]" captionTargetBox="[190,1072,217,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-0@17.[178,1085,159,1557]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 10-12. Psychristus shibatai ITO. Habitus, head and pronotum. (10-11) Paratype, Taiwan, Wushe; (12) Female, Mt. Kwena." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279294/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Figs 10-12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FD7E196AFCD6FE22" box="[714,776,366,388]" captionStart="Figs 18-21" captionStartId="19.[202,242,1272,1292]" captionTargetBox="[256,1458,411,1190]" captionTargetId="figure-32@19.[229,1539,397,1270]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs 18-21. Median lobe of aedoagus, lateral and dorsal aspect. (18-19) Psychristus discretus ANDREWES (India, Bomdila); (20-21) P. hibatai ITO (Paratype, Taiwan, Wushe)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279300/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">20-21</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FCA6196AFC8EFE22" box="[786,848,366,388]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Figs 26-27" captionStartId-0="20.[178,220,1499,1519]" captionStartId-1="21.[178,218,1483,1503]" captionTargetBox-0="[198,1064,239,1458]" captionTargetBox-1="[178,1058,219,1459]" captionTargetId-0="figure-0@20.[178,1086,219,1505]" captionTargetId-1="figure-33@21.[178,1085,219,1460]" captionTargetPageId-0="20" captionTargetPageId-1="21" captionText-0="Figs. 22-25. Female genitalia. Hemisternite and gonocoxa. (22) Psychristus dentatus nov.sp., (Holotype); (23) P. brunneus nov.sp. (Paratype, Laos, Ban Khoun Ngeun); (24) P. discretus ANDREWES (India, Bomdila); (25) P. shibatai ITO (Taiwan, Mt. Kwena)." captionText-1="Figs 26-27. Distribution. (26) P. dentatus nov.sp. (open circles), P. brunneus nov.sp. (filled circles) and P. shibatai ITO (filled squares); (27) P. discretus ANDREWES." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279302" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279304" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5279302/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5279304/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">25-26</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FCEE196AFCAAFE22" box="[858,884,366,388]" captionStart="Figs 28-32" captionStartId="22.[178,218,966,986]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,219,947]" captionTargetId="figure-45@22.[178,1085,219,950]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 28-32. Mentum and definition of measurements. (28) Psychristus dentatus nov.sp. (Holotype); (29) P. brunneus nov.sp. (Paratype, India, Similipal); (30) P. discretus ANDREWES (Nepal, Lamjung Himal); (31) P. shibatai ITO (Taiwan, Mt. Kwena)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279306/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">31</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32CFBD7C348EC26FF061991FCA0FE55" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B89A85CC348EC26FF061991FBDCFE0F" blockId="9.[178,1026,405,425]" box="[178,1026,405,425]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB268F72C348EC26FF061991FBDCFE0F" box="[178,1026,405,425]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A978E4DC348EC26FF061991FD0BFE0F" author="ITO N" box="[178,725,405,425]" page="63" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" year="1985">
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<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FF061991FD0BFE0F" ID-CoL="N56V" authority="ITO 1985: 62 - 63" authorityName="ITO" authorityPageNumber="62 - 63" authorityYear="1985" box="[178,725,405,425]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bradycellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shibatai" subGenus="Taiwanobradycellus">
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<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FF061991FEC0FE0F" box="[178,286,405,425]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Bradycellus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FE9F1991FE3AFE0F" box="[299,484,405,425]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Taiwanobradycellus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FE461991FDE5FE0F" box="[498,571,405,425]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">shibatai</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA7D5ADC348EC26FDF41991FD0BFE0F" author="ITO N" box="[576,725,405,425]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref8957" refString="ITO N. (1985): Descriptions and Notes of the Genus Bradycellus in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - The Entomological Review of Japan 40 (1): 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="1985">ITO 1985: 62-63</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(
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<typeStatus id="548D16FEC348EC26FD551991FCD7FE0F" box="[737,777,405,425]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F321E8CCC348EC26FCEB1991FC79FE0F" box="[863,935,405,425]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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: Roshan).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B89A85CC348EC26FF0619CCFCA0FE55" blockId="9.[178,1085,456,598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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T y p e m a t e r i a l: The
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<typeStatus id="548D16FEC348EC26FE7919CCFDC2FE7A" box="[461,540,456,476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and
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<specimenCount id="9D3063D5C348EC26FDFD19CCFD42FE7A" box="[585,668,456,476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus id="548D16FEC348EC26FD1519CCFD31FE7A" box="[673,751,456,476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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were studied by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA7D5ADC348EC26FC3F19CCFBE7FE7A" author="JAEGER B" box="[907,1081,456,476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" pagination="63 - 93" refId="ref8994" refString="JAEGER B. (1997): Revision der Himalaya-Arten der Gattung Psychristus ANDREWES 1930 (Col., Carabidae) - Linzer biologische Beitrage 29 (1): 63 - 93." type="journal article" year="1997">JAEGER (1997: 72)</bibRefCitation>
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||
. The remaining
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<typeStatus id="548D16FEC348EC26FE8819DBFE4DFE55" box="[316,403,479,499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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of the type series have been examined more recently:
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32CFBD7C348EC25FF0619FAFD4EFD5D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="1645" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B89A85CC348EC26FF0619FAFF2BFDF0" blockId="9.[178,1085,456,598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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P a r a t y p e s: 1 3,
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<specimenCount id="9D3063D5C348EC26FEC119FAFE4CFDB1" box="[373,402,510,535]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(cITO) labelled "MUSHA /
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<collectingCountry id="F321E8CCC348EC26FD2B19FAFD25FDB4" box="[671,763,510,530]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
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/
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<date id="FF888E9CC348EC26FCB919FAFC5EFDB4" box="[781,896,510,530]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" value="1970-04-20">20. IV. 1970</date>
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/ Y. KIYOYAMA", "
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<typeStatus id="548D16FEC348EC26FF0D1A11FEECFD8F" box="[185,306,533,553]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
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" [printed on red label], "
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<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FDAB1A11FD53FD8F" box="[543,653,533,553]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bradycellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bradycellus</taxonomicName>
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/ (Taiwanobradycellus) / shibatai / (N. ITO)" and "
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<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FF541A2FFE97FD99" authorityName="ANDREWES" authorityYear="1930" box="[224,329,555,575]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Psychristus</taxonomicName>
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(s.str.) /
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<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FE281A2FFDE5FD99" authority="Ito, 1985" authorityName="ITO" authorityYear="1985" box="[412,571,555,575]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bradycellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shibatai">
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||
shibatai
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA7D5ADC348EC26FE5D1A2FFDE5FD99" author="ITO N" box="[489,571,555,575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref8957" refString="ITO N. (1985): Descriptions and Notes of the Genus Bradycellus in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - The Entomological Review of Japan 40 (1): 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="1985">Ito, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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/ det. B. Jaeger 2009". The female with additional label "L 87".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B89A85CC348EC26FF061A60FF3AFCAB" blockId="9.[178,1085,612,781]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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The original description given by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA7D5ADC348EC26FDBF1A61FD1FFDDC" author="ITO N" box="[523,705,612,634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref8957" refString="ITO N. (1985): Descriptions and Notes of the Genus Bradycellus in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - The Entomological Review of Japan 40 (1): 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="1985">ITO (1985: 62-63)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and supplemented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA7D5ADC348EC26FC131A61FF31FD3E" author="JAEGER B" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" pagination="63 - 93" refId="ref8994" refString="JAEGER B. (1997): Revision der Himalaya-Arten der Gattung Psychristus ANDREWES 1930 (Col., Carabidae) - Linzer biologische Beitrage 29 (1): 63 - 93." type="journal article" year="1997">JAEGER (1997: 86-87</bibRefCitation>
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||
, 90) with some figures and measurements, included most main characters important for recognition of this species. Thus, only a diagnosis, including characters that differentiate the species from one or more other species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FC8B1AB9FC66FD74" authorityName="ANDREWES. Habitus" authorityYear="1930" box="[831,952,700,722]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discretus">
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||
<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FC8B1AB9FC66FD74" box="[831,952,700,722]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">P. discretus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
group, additional images and ratios for various body dimensions (see
|
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<tableCitation id="C6B49DE7C348EC26FCB81ADEFCBAFD56" box="[780,868,730,752]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="13.[178,233,223,243]" captionText="Table 1. Ranges of ratios between different body measurements for male specimens of the P. discretus group. Means in parentheses. See Figure 32 and Methods for definition of parameters." pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Tables 1</tableCitation>
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||
and
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<tableCitation id="C6B49DE7C348EC26FC2C1ADEFC7BFD56" box="[920,933,730,752]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="13.[178,233,815,835]" captionText="Table 2. Ranges of ratios between different body measurements for female specimens of the P. discretus group. Means in parentheses. See Figure 32 and Methods for definition of parameters." pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">2</tableCitation>
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) are presented here.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B89A85CC348EC25FF061B19FE75FEEE" blockId="9.[178,1086,796,1609]" lastBlockId="10.[178,1085,219,328]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="1645" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">
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D i a g n o s i s:Thesmallestspeciesinthe
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FD301B19FD22FC94" authorityName="ANDREWES. Habitus" authorityYear="1930" box="[644,764,796,818]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FD301B19FD22FC94" box="[644,764,796,818]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">P. discretus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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group with general appearance as figured (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FE901B3DFEAEFCE9" box="[292,368,825,847]" captionStart="Figs 10-12" captionStartId="17.[178,218,1470,1490]" captionTargetBox="[190,1072,217,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-0@17.[178,1085,159,1557]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 10-12. Psychristus shibatai ITO. Habitus, head and pronotum. (10-11) Paratype, Taiwan, Wushe; (12) Female, Mt. Kwena." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279294/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE05B9C348EC26FDB21B3DFDA5FCE9" box="[518,635,825,847]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" unit="mm" value="3.55" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="3.4">3.4-3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
and width
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE05B9C348EC26FD591B3DFCE0FCE9" box="[749,830,825,847]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Ground colour of dorsal surface dark reddish brown (one non-type specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F321E8CCC348EC26FCAB1B53FCB3FCCB" box="[799,877,855,877]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, darker but not yet blackish brown as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FE271B71FDD3FC2C" authorityName="ANDREWES. Habitus" authorityYear="1930" box="[403,525,884,906]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FE271B71FDD3FC2C" box="[403,525,884,906]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">P. discretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FD801B71FD77FC2C" authorityName="Jaeger & H" authorityYear="2009" box="[564,681,884,906]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FD801B71FD77FC2C" box="[564,681,884,906]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">P. dentatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with elytral interval 1, pronotal base and apex medially, lateral margins of pronotum and elytra, labrum, mandibles (base of lateral margin, inner margin and apex blackish) paler reddish. Ventral side, particularly abdomen, sometimes somewhat paler reddish. Legs, antennae and palpi yellowish brown or pale brown. Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FE231BEDFDD6FC59" box="[407,520,1001,1023]" captionStart="Figs 10-12" captionStartId="17.[178,218,1470,1490]" captionTargetBox="[190,1072,217,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-0@17.[178,1085,159,1557]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 10-12. Psychristus shibatai ITO. Habitus, head and pronotum. (10-11) Paratype, Taiwan, Wushe; (12) Female, Mt. Kwena." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279294/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Figs 11-12</figureCitation>
|
||
) including eyes, of medium width, 0.75-0.80 times as wide as pronotum, with eyes distinctly prominent (head 1.64-1.71 times as wide as width between eyes). Apical margin of labrum very weakly emarginated, with a weakly suggested projection medially. Mentum with epilobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FD731C45FCCCFBF1" box="[711,786,1089,1111]" captionStart="Figs 28-32" captionStartId="22.[178,218,966,986]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,219,947]" captionTargetId="figure-45@22.[178,1085,219,950]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 28-32. Mentum and definition of measurements. (28) Psychristus dentatus nov.sp. (Holotype); (29) P. brunneus nov.sp. (Paratype, India, Similipal); (30) P. discretus ANDREWES (Nepal, Lamjung Himal); (31) P. shibatai ITO (Taiwan, Mt. Kwena)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279306/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
) strongly projecting forward and distinctly acuminate at apices. Mental tooth sharp, its size varies from as long as to half as long as epilobes. Ligular sclerite narrowly rounded at apex. Mandibles of average size, not distinctly prolonged and curved. Antennae 1.72-1.80 times as long as pronotum and 0.60-0.63 times as long as elytra, with antennomere 3 moderately pubescent. Pronotum with shape and punctation as figured (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FDD81CD7FD04FB4F" box="[620,730,1235,1257]" captionStart="Figs 10-12" captionStartId="17.[178,218,1470,1490]" captionTargetBox="[190,1072,217,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-0@17.[178,1085,159,1557]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 10-12. Psychristus shibatai ITO. Habitus, head and pronotum. (10-11) Paratype, Taiwan, Wushe; (12) Female, Mt. Kwena." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279294/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Fig. 11-12</figureCitation>
|
||
), 1.25-1.32 times as wide as long, 1.25-1.33 times as wide as head. Base about 1.17-1.20 times as wide as apical margin between anterior angles and 0.86-0.90 times as wide as maximum pronotal width. Median line moderately to distinctly punctate along its entire length, sometimes in basal third more distinct. Macropterous. Elytra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C348EC26FDC21D4CFD18FAF8" box="[630,710,1352,1374]" captionStart="Figs 10-12" captionStartId="17.[178,218,1470,1490]" captionTargetBox="[190,1072,217,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-0@17.[178,1085,159,1557]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 10-12. Psychristus shibatai ITO. Habitus, head and pronotum. (10-11) Paratype, Taiwan, Wushe; (12) Female, Mt. Kwena." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279294/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
), 1.47-1.52 times as long as wide, 2.81-2.92 times as long and 1.46-1.58 times as wide as pronotum, with dorsal surface moderately convex (see lateral profile). Humeri more distinctly angulate than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC348EC26FB921D80FED3FA10" authorityName="ANDREWES. Habitus" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC348EC26FB921D80FED3FA10" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1644">P. discretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but less than in other species, with humeral tooth small and weakly projecting. Setiferous pore in apical half of interval 3 present. Elytral intervals 2 and 3 relatively flat and almost parallel or faintly dilated in front of apex. Microsculpture on dorsal surface mostly absent, except for isodiametric meshes on labrum, scutellum and on base of elytra anterior to basal margin. Pro- and mesotarsomeres in both sexes ventrally without a dentiform process, protarsomeres 2-4 (perhaps, also 1, but difficult to observe) of males ventrally with typically dilated adhesive hairs. Number and size of spines in pro- and mesotibiae unmodified. Median lobe of aedoeagus short, without apical lamella (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C34BEC25FC5318FCFF10FE8D" captionStart="Figs 18-21" captionStartId="19.[202,242,1272,1292]" captionTargetBox="[256,1458,411,1190]" captionTargetId="figure-32@19.[229,1539,397,1270]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs 18-21. Median lobe of aedoagus, lateral and dorsal aspect. (18-19) Psychristus discretus ANDREWES (India, Bomdila); (20-21) P. hibatai ITO (Paratype, Taiwan, Wushe)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279300/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Figs 20- 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female genitalia as figured (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C34BEC25FDB81911FD86FE8D" box="[524,600,277,299]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="20.[178,220,1499,1519]" captionTargetBox="[198,1064,239,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-0@20.[178,1086,219,1505]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs. 22-25. Female genitalia. Hemisternite and gonocoxa. (22) Psychristus dentatus nov.sp., (Holotype); (23) P. brunneus nov.sp. (Paratype, Laos, Ban Khoun Ngeun); (24) P. discretus ANDREWES (India, Bomdila); (25) P. shibatai ITO (Taiwan, Mt. Kwena)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279302/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
). For ratios representing various body proportions see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B49DE7C34BEC25FEA41936FEB9FEEE" box="[272,359,306,328]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="13.[178,233,223,243]" captionText="Table 1. Ranges of ratios between different body measurements for male specimens of the P. discretus group. Means in parentheses. See Figure 32 and Methods for definition of parameters." pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B49DE7C34BEC25FE231936FE75FEEE" box="[407,427,306,328]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="13.[178,233,815,835]" captionText="Table 2. Ranges of ratios between different body measurements for female specimens of the P. discretus group. Means in parentheses. See Figure 32 and Methods for definition of parameters." pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">2.</tableCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B89A85CC34BEC25FF061953FBECFDBE" blockId="10.[178,1085,343,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">
|
||
C o m p a r i s o n s: In general appearance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C34BEC25FD271953FD01FECB" box="[659,735,343,365]" captionStart="Figs 10-12" captionStartId="17.[178,218,1470,1490]" captionTargetBox="[190,1072,217,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-0@17.[178,1085,159,1557]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 10-12. Psychristus shibatai ITO. Habitus, head and pronotum. (10-11) Paratype, Taiwan, Wushe; (12) Female, Mt. Kwena." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279294/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) the species is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC34BEC25FB92195CFED3FE2C" authorityName="ANDREWES. Habitus" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC34BEC25FB92195CFED3FE2C" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">P. discretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C34BEC25FEA81970FE85FE2F" box="[284,347,372,394]" captionStart="Figs 7-9" captionStartId="16.[178,218,1480,1500]" captionTargetBox="[183,1077,232,1449]" captionTargetId="figure-0@16.[174,1081,219,1617]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figs 7-9. Psychristus discretus ANDREWES. Habitus, head and pronotum. (7) Nepal, Basantapur; (8) Vietnam, Sa Pa; (9) India, Bomdila." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279290/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) and usually differs from the latter by characters given under that species and in the key. However, atypical darker coloured females, if from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F321E8CCC34BEC25FC271994FC14FE00" box="[915,970,400,422]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, are probably difficult to separate by external characters. The shape of the female hemisternite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C34BEC25FBA019A9FF12FE79" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="20.[178,220,1499,1519]" captionTargetBox="[198,1064,239,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-0@20.[178,1086,219,1505]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs. 22-25. Female genitalia. Hemisternite and gonocoxa. (22) Psychristus dentatus nov.sp., (Holotype); (23) P. brunneus nov.sp. (Paratype, Laos, Ban Khoun Ngeun); (24) P. discretus ANDREWES (India, Bomdila); (25) P. shibatai ITO (Taiwan, Mt. Kwena)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279302/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
) seems to be different (basal half less projecting as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC34BEC25FCB319CEFCA0FE79" authorityName="ANDREWES. Habitus" authorityYear="1930" box="[775,894,457,479]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC34BEC25FCB319CEFCA0FE79" box="[775,894,457,479]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">P. discretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) according to two available females from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F321E8CCC34BEC25FE1119E2FE2DFE5A" box="[421,499,486,508]" name="Taiwan" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which were compared with females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC34BEC25FC2219E2FBD3FE5A" authorityName="ANDREWES. Habitus" authorityYear="1930" box="[918,1037,486,508]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC34BEC25FC2219E2FBD3FE5A" box="[918,1037,486,508]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">P. discretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but additional females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC34BEC25FE391A07FE25FDBE" authorityName="ITO" authorityYear="1985" box="[397,507,514,536]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bradycellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shibatai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC34BEC25FE391A07FE25FDBE" box="[397,507,514,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">P. shibatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are necessary to verify the constancy of this difference.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B89A85CC34BEC25FF061A23FBE5FD9A" blockId="10.[178,1083,550,572]" box="[178,1083,550,572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">
|
||
For separation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC34BEC25FED11A23FE0DFD9A" authorityName="ITO" authorityYear="1985" box="[357,467,550,572]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bradycellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shibatai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC34BEC25FED11A23FE0DFD9A" box="[357,467,550,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">P. shibatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC34BEC25FDA41A23FD55FD9A" authorityName="Jaeger & H" authorityYear="2009" box="[528,651,550,572]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC34BEC25FDA41A23FD55FD9A" box="[528,651,550,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">P. brunneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C36D3DFC34BEC25FD081A23FCF0FD9A" authorityName="Jaeger & H" authorityYear="2009" box="[700,814,550,572]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Psychristus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942744EC34BEC25FD081A23FCF0FD9A" box="[700,814,550,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">P. dentatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
see these species and key.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B89A85CC34BEC25FF061A48FE17FDDB" blockId="10.[178,1085,587,637]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">
|
||
D i s t r i b u t i o n: So far known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F321E8CCC34BEC25FD221A4FFD3CFDC7" box="[662,738,587,609]" name="Taiwan" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and one single record from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F321E8CCC34BEC25FBB61A4FFBE7FDC7" box="[1026,1081,587,609]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F266BEC34BEC25FF061A6CFEE2FDDB" box="[178,316,615,637]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="130DB4D9C34BEC25FEC61A63FE63FDDB" box="[370,445,615,637]" captionStart="Figs 26-27" captionStartId="21.[178,218,1483,1503]" captionTargetBox="[178,1058,219,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-33@21.[178,1085,219,1460]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 26-27. Distribution. (26) P. dentatus nov.sp. (open circles), P. brunneus nov.sp. (filled circles) and P. shibatai ITO (filled squares); (27) P. discretus ANDREWES." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5279304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5279304/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B89A85CC34BEC25FF061A89FEBFFD7D" blockId="10.[178,1085,652,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">
|
||
In addition to the previously studied type and non-type material (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA7D5ADC34BEC25FCD41A88FBEBFD04" author="JAEGER B" box="[864,1077,652,674]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" pagination="63 - 93" refId="ref8994" refString="JAEGER B. (1997): Revision der Himalaya-Arten der Gattung Psychristus ANDREWES 1930 (Col., Carabidae) - Linzer biologische Beitrage 29 (1): 63 - 93." type="journal article" year="1997">JAEGER 1997: 72-73</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<typeStatus id="548D16FEC34BEC25FF6B1AADFE9EFD18" box="[223,320,681,702]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
mentioned in the type section above, one additional female from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F321E8CCC34BEC25FC451AACFBE3FD18" box="[1009,1085,680,702]" name="Taiwan" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
has been studied:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B89A85CC34BEC25FF061AE3FD4EFD5D" blockId="10.[178,1085,652,763]" box="[178,656,743,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645">
|
||
T a i w a n: Mt. Kwena,
|
||
<date id="FF888E9CC34BEC25FE291AE3FE33FD5D" box="[413,493,743,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1645" value="1986-04">IV. 1986</date>
|
||
, N. Ito (1 – cITO).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |