248 lines
37 KiB
XML
248 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="0DB9E194CFFAD4B191D679D79710FFF0" ID-CLB-Dataset="77229" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5154.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="09cb9feb-e7d3-4887-b101-197f73fc0452" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6655680" ID-ZooBank="689AD1E1-26B4-47B9-B68B-60F63CC846FF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1655450953679" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Masonick, Paul & Weirauch, Christiane" docDate="2022" docId="03949A17FFD86462FF29FE47FDF9F805" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5154.5.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5154 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Apiomerus immundus Bergroth 1898" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="541" masterDocId="FFADE26FFFDC6466FFBEFFF7FF95FFA7" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Apiomerus maya species group (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae)" masterLastPageNumber="556" masterPageNumber="537" pageNumber="541" updateTime="1699339373913" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8BEFF1D09623D9FE13920369CE5EEC70">
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<mods:title id="AB38DFEA78019C24FF23F7B15AA36E0A">Taxonomic revision of the Apiomerus maya species group (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BD1002F11E0BCF52AE7A4CC88470AF51">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D08D1216AB7A8DAFFA66DE64A49DE67A">Masonick, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DCBEB9BED73AB590497BA1BEF1D47FB4">Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2C0586A58D6633D9D3E1CA3C36842ED4">Weirauch, Christiane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4B0C66FCDD2AB2C721D290F81AB1F3FE" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4492-4515</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="47F15336E06871C0DB6623B6E0252ABC">Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4492 - 4515</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="4DD671CD4BA57E58CFBBB66393A94088">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5926FCDC587ED8065F6007DF046F4149">
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<mods:date id="46F4A46B509AB55213758861982F1B15">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DB5D8280C9E2A123E59449B24429DD31">2022-06-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2508DC5EC620D7EFA81FD34959562F4E">5154</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03949A17FFD86462FF29FE47FDF9F805" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6672384" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196079330" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6672384" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03949A17FFD86462FF29FE47FDF9F805" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03949A17FFD86462FF29FE47FDF9F805" lastPageNumber="541" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF29FE47FDF3FE6D" box="[151,614,431,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF29FE47FDF3FE6D" blockId="4.[151,614,431,494]" box="[151,614,431,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FF29FE47FDF3FE6D" ID-CoL="FMDV" authority="Bergroth, 1898" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,614,431,458]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immundus">
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<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF29FE47FDF3FE6D" bold="true" box="[151,614,431,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF29FE47FE31FE6D" bold="true" box="[151,420,431,458]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Apiomerus immundus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FE15FE47FDF3FE6D" author="Bergroth, E." box="[427,614,432,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" pagination="307 - 308" refId="ref8019" refString="Bergroth, E. (1898) Description de deux Reduviides noveaux (Hemipt.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 67, 307 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1898.22241" type="journal article" year="1898">Bergroth, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF29FE23FE3AFE49" box="[151,431,468,494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF29FE23FE3AFE49" blockId="4.[151,614,431,494]" box="[151,431,468,494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FF29FE23FF66FE49" box="[151,243,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1442,1466]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,165,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,164,1424]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus images of (A) A. immundus Bergroth, 1898 [♂ LECTOTYPE = UCR_ENT 00040816], (B) Apiomerus maya Dispons, 1971 [♀ = UCR_ENT 00013169, ♂ HOLOTYPE = UCR_ENT 00038047], (C) A. pipil Dispons, 1971 [♀ = AMNH_PBI 00218895, ♂ = UCR_ENT 00032865], and (D) A. venosus Stål, 1872 [♀ = UCR_ENT 00031790, ♂ = UCR_ENT 00032336]. All scale bars represent 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655682/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FF41FE23FEC6FE49" box="[255,339,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,596,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-208@6.[151,1436,596,1764]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. (A–F) Caudal views of the pygophores (pyg) of males of the maya species group displaying the bifid medial process with rami (rm). In these taxa, the base of the medial process is greatly reduced giving the impression of the rami being inserted directly on the posterior rim of the pygophore. The rami are often broadly spaced from one another and render the medial process either V-shaped, as frequently observed in A. pipil (see C), or lyre-shaped (most male A. venosus). Figs. A– F are not to scale. (G–J) Dissected right parameres. All scale bars for Figs. G– J represent 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655684/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">2A, 2G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FEE1FE23FE3AFE49" box="[351,431,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1246,1270]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1436,181,1223]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A–D) and lateral (E–H) views of the aedeagus of males of the maya species group.An arrow-shaped dorsal phallothecal sclerite (dps) is commonly seen in males of these species (subconical in A. immundus). Note the paired triangular projections (tp) positioned basally on the dps of Apiomerus maya (B & F); these projections are absent in other maya group taxa. The basal dorsolateral sclerites of the endosoma (bdls) can be short and round (A. maya), moderately elongated with fine sculpturing basally (A. immundus), or greatly elongated and slightly twisted (A. pipil and A. venosus). The number of peg-like endosomal denticles (ed) aligned longitudinally along the distal dorsal lobes of the endosoma (ddl) varies across the group. In some taxa, notably A. immundus and some A. venosus, lateral sclerotizations of the endosoma (ls) may be observed along the endosoma’s proximal dorsolateral surface. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655686/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">3A, 3E</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF29FDEEFB75FDC9" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF29FDEEFCFDFD97" blockId="4.[151,1248,536,622]" box="[151,872,536,560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2D0C2FFFD86462FF29FDEEFCFDFD97" box="[151,872,536,560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9C0D10FFD86462FF29FDEEFDDCFD97" author="Bergroth, E." box="[151,585,536,560]" page="307" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" year="1898">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FF29FDEEFDDCFD97" ID-CoL="FMDV" authority="Bergroth, 1898: 307" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityPageNumber="307" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,585,536,560]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immundus">
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<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF29FDEEFEE6FD97" box="[151,371,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Apiomerus immundus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FEC4FDEFFDDCFD97" author="Bergroth, E." box="[378,585,536,560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" pagination="307 - 308" refId="ref8019" refString="Bergroth, E. (1898) Description de deux Reduviides noveaux (Hemipt.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 67, 307 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1898.22241" type="journal article" year="1898">Bergroth, 1898: 307</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="548695A3FFD86462FDEDFDEFFD38FD97" box="[595,685,536,560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
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(s):
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<collectingCountry id="F32A6B91FFD86462FD70FDEFFC8AFD97" box="[718,799,536,560]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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; MZH.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF29FDC0FBB7FDE8" blockId="4.[151,1248,536,622]" box="[151,1058,567,591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2D0C2FFFD86462FF29FDC0FBB7FDE8" box="[151,1058,567,591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9C0D10FFD86462FF29FDC0FDFDFDE8" author="Champion, G. C." box="[151,616,567,591]" page=")" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" year="1899">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FF29FDC0FDFDFDE8" ID-CoL="FMDV" authority=": Champion (1899: 238)" authorityName=": Champion" authorityPageNumber="238" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,616,567,591]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immundus">
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<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF29FDC0FEE6FDE8" box="[151,371,567,591]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Apiomerus immundus</emphasis>
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:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FE3FFDC0FDFDFDE8" author="Champion, G. C." box="[385,616,567,591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" pagination="217 - 240" refId="ref8126" refString="Champion, G. C. (1899) Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. II. Part CXLVII. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoologia. R. H. Porter, London, pp. 217 - 240, pl. 13." type="journal article" year="1899">Champion (1899: 238)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(revision),
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9C0D10FFD86462FD63FDC0FC2EFDE8" author="Van Duzee, E. P." box="[733,955,567,591]" page="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" year="1916">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FD63FDC0FC2EFDE8" author="Van Duzee, E. P." box="[733,955,567,591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" refId="ref8785" refString="Van Duzee, E. P. (1916) Check list of the Hemiptera (excepting Aphididae, Aleurodidae and Coccidae) of America north of Mexico. New York Entomological Society, New York, 111 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 7967" type="book" year="1916">Van Duzee (1916: 30)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(catalog),
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF29FDA1FB75FDC9" blockId="4.[151,1248,536,622]" box="[151,1248,597,622]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FF29FDA1FE06FDC9" author="Wygodzinsky, P." box="[151,403,598,622]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref8839" refString="Wygodzinsky, P. (1949) Elenco sistematico de los Reduviiformes americanos. Instituto de Medicina Regional de la Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Monografia, 1, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1949">Wygodzinsky (1949: 17)</bibRefCitation>
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||
(catalog),
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FDBEFDA1FCB9FDC9" author="Costa Lima, A. & Seabra, C. A. & Hathaway, C. R." box="[512,812,597,622]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" pagination="273 - 442" refId="ref8342" refString="Costa Lima, A., Seabra, C. A. & Hathaway, C. R. (1951) Estudo dos Apiomeros (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 49, 273 - 442. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761951000100004" type="journal article" year="1951">
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Costa Lima
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<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FDC2FDA1FD3AFDC9" box="[636,687,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
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(1951: 340)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
(revision),
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FC1FFDA1FBEDFDCA" author="Maldonado Capriles, J." box="[929,1144,597,622]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" refId="ref8630" refString="Maldonado Capriles, J. (1990) Systematic catalogue of the Reduviidae of the World. (Caribbean Journal of Science, Special publication No. 1.) University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, 694 pp." type="book" year="1990">Maldonado (1990: 5)</bibRefCitation>
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(catalog).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF29FD6BFC1AFC85" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF29FD6BFC1AFC85" blockId="4.[151,1437,668,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF29FD6BFEE1FD11" bold="true" box="[151,372,668,694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Revised diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Recognized by the combination of the following characteristics: (1) relatively small size (<
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||
<quantity id="4CC586E4FFD86462FA3EFD6BFF56FD7D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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||
in length) and predominantly brown body and hemelytra, (2) males with lyre-shaped medial process of the pygophore with broadly spaced, short rami, (3) basal dorsolateral sclerites of the endosoma of moderate length, oblong, and with fine sculpturing, and (4)>26 endosomal denticles.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF79FCDBFE0AFB75" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF79FCDBFAA4FB09" blockId="4.[151,1437,668,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
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<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF79FCDBFEF8FCE1" bold="true" box="[199,365,812,838]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Redescription</emphasis>
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(based on the
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<typeStatus id="548695A3FFD86462FDA8FCDBFDE8FCE1" box="[534,637,812,838]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
only): Male: Small,
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||
<quantity id="4CC586E4FFD86462FCD2FCDBFC4AFCE1" box="[876,991,812,839]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.145" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" unit="mm" value="11.45">11.45 mm</quantity>
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||
in length, width across humeral angles
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||
<quantity id="4CC586E4FFD86462FF29FCA7FF6AFCCD" box="[151,255,848,874]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.47" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" unit="mm" value="3.47">3.47 mm</quantity>
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. COLORATION: Mostly brown; anterior pronotal lobe dark brown, posterior lobe brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FAB9FCA7FAF4FCCD" box="[1287,1377,848,874]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1442,1466]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,165,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,164,1424]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus images of (A) A. immundus Bergroth, 1898 [♂ LECTOTYPE = UCR_ENT 00040816], (B) Apiomerus maya Dispons, 1971 [♀ = UCR_ENT 00013169, ♂ HOLOTYPE = UCR_ENT 00038047], (C) A. pipil Dispons, 1971 [♀ = AMNH_PBI 00218895, ♂ = UCR_ENT 00032865], and (D) A. venosus Stål, 1872 [♀ = UCR_ENT 00031790, ♂ = UCR_ENT 00032336]. All scale bars represent 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655682/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
); corium brown, veins near forewing membrane largely lacking light coloration, quadrate cell of the corium is not outlined in white or pale-yellow; entire forewing membrane brown with dark spots; basal spot of connexivum 7 roughly twice the size of marking on the preceding segment (from dorsal view); lateral spots of abdominal sterna absent. STRUCTURE: Medial process of pygophore lyre-shaped in caudal view, rami short and nearly straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FA8AFC17FA1AFC5D" box="[1332,1423,992,1018]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,596,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-208@6.[151,1436,596,1764]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. (A–F) Caudal views of the pygophores (pyg) of males of the maya species group displaying the bifid medial process with rami (rm). In these taxa, the base of the medial process is greatly reduced giving the impression of the rami being inserted directly on the posterior rim of the pygophore. The rami are often broadly spaced from one another and render the medial process either V-shaped, as frequently observed in A. pipil (see C), or lyre-shaped (most male A. venosus). Figs. A– F are not to scale. (G–J) Dissected right parameres. All scale bars for Figs. G– J represent 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655684/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
); paramere weakly bent, with bristles subequal to or slightly longer than its maximal width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FB1AFBF3FA95FBB9" box="[1188,1280,1028,1054]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,596,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-208@6.[151,1436,596,1764]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. (A–F) Caudal views of the pygophores (pyg) of males of the maya species group displaying the bifid medial process with rami (rm). In these taxa, the base of the medial process is greatly reduced giving the impression of the rami being inserted directly on the posterior rim of the pygophore. The rami are often broadly spaced from one another and render the medial process either V-shaped, as frequently observed in A. pipil (see C), or lyre-shaped (most male A. venosus). Figs. A– F are not to scale. (G–J) Dissected right parameres. All scale bars for Figs. G– J represent 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655684/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
); dorsal phallothecal sclerite lacking distinct arrow-shaped in dorsal view, without pair of strongly developed triangular projections near base, apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite truncate and reflexed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FC5CFBBBFBA8FBC1" box="[994,1085,1100,1126]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1246,1270]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1436,181,1223]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A–D) and lateral (E–H) views of the aedeagus of males of the maya species group.An arrow-shaped dorsal phallothecal sclerite (dps) is commonly seen in males of these species (subconical in A. immundus). Note the paired triangular projections (tp) positioned basally on the dps of Apiomerus maya (B & F); these projections are absent in other maya group taxa. The basal dorsolateral sclerites of the endosoma (bdls) can be short and round (A. maya), moderately elongated with fine sculpturing basally (A. immundus), or greatly elongated and slightly twisted (A. pipil and A. venosus). The number of peg-like endosomal denticles (ed) aligned longitudinally along the distal dorsal lobes of the endosoma (ddl) varies across the group. In some taxa, notably A. immundus and some A. venosus, lateral sclerotizations of the endosoma (ls) may be observed along the endosoma’s proximal dorsolateral surface. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655686/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
); basal dorsolateral sclerites of endosoma of moderate length, oblong, and covered with fine granules basally; dorsal surface of endosoma with>26 denticles arranged longitudinally; dorsolateral surface of endosoma with distinct sclerotization near base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF79FB4FFE0AFB75" blockId="4.[151,1437,668,1955]" box="[199,415,1208,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Female: Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF79FB2BFE3DFB51" box="[199,424,1244,1270]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF79FB2BFE3DFB51" blockId="4.[151,1437,668,1955]" box="[199,424,1244,1270]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF79FB2BFEBEFB51" bold="true" box="[199,299,1244,1270]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Biology:</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF79FAF7FD7BFA99" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF79FAF7FD7BFA99" blockId="4.[151,1437,668,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF79FAF7FEF6FABD" bold="true" box="[199,355,1280,1306]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
The geographical range of this species remains unknown. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="548695A3FFD86462FB87FAF7FBFCFABD" box="[1081,1129,1280,1306]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen was collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A6B91FFD86462FF29FAD3FF7AFA99" box="[151,239,1316,1342]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but no additional locality data was provided.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF79FABFFC41F900" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF79FABFFC41F900" blockId="4.[151,1437,668,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF79FABFFEDAFAC5" bold="true" box="[199,335,1352,1378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is included in this revision based on its general appearance and the many male genitalic similarities it shares with species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FD21FA9AFD49FA21" authorityName="Dispons" authorityYear="1971" box="[671,732,1389,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FD21FA9AFD49FA21" box="[671,732,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">maya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, such as the lyre-shaped medial process of pygophore, enlarged basal dorsolateral sclerites of the endosoma, and high number of endosomal denticles. This species however lacks the distinct arrow-shaped dorsal phallothecal sclerite that other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FC72FA42FB9CFA69" authorityName="Dispons" authorityYear="1971" box="[972,1033,1461,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FC72FA42FB9CFA69" box="[972,1033,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">maya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group species possess (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FAB1FA43FAF3FA69" box="[1295,1382,1460,1486]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1246,1270]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1436,181,1223]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A–D) and lateral (E–H) views of the aedeagus of males of the maya species group.An arrow-shaped dorsal phallothecal sclerite (dps) is commonly seen in males of these species (subconical in A. immundus). Note the paired triangular projections (tp) positioned basally on the dps of Apiomerus maya (B & F); these projections are absent in other maya group taxa. The basal dorsolateral sclerites of the endosoma (bdls) can be short and round (A. maya), moderately elongated with fine sculpturing basally (A. immundus), or greatly elongated and slightly twisted (A. pipil and A. venosus). The number of peg-like endosomal denticles (ed) aligned longitudinally along the distal dorsal lobes of the endosoma (ddl) varies across the group. In some taxa, notably A. immundus and some A. venosus, lateral sclerotizations of the endosoma (ls) may be observed along the endosoma’s proximal dorsolateral surface. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655686/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and has heavier lateral sclerotization along the dorsolateral surface of endosoma basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FBE6FA2FFB73FA55" box="[1112,1254,1496,1522]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1246,1270]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[151,1436,181,1223]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A–D) and lateral (E–H) views of the aedeagus of males of the maya species group.An arrow-shaped dorsal phallothecal sclerite (dps) is commonly seen in males of these species (subconical in A. immundus). Note the paired triangular projections (tp) positioned basally on the dps of Apiomerus maya (B & F); these projections are absent in other maya group taxa. The basal dorsolateral sclerites of the endosoma (bdls) can be short and round (A. maya), moderately elongated with fine sculpturing basally (A. immundus), or greatly elongated and slightly twisted (A. pipil and A. venosus). The number of peg-like endosomal denticles (ed) aligned longitudinally along the distal dorsal lobes of the endosoma (ddl) varies across the group. In some taxa, notably A. immundus and some A. venosus, lateral sclerotizations of the endosoma (ls) may be observed along the endosoma’s proximal dorsolateral surface. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655686/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Figs 3A, 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FB44FA2FFA09FA55" author="Szerlip, S. L." box="[1274,1436,1496,1522]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" refId="ref8741" refString="Szerlip, S. L. (1980) Biosystematic revision of the genus Apiomerus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in North and Central America. Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, California, 481 pp." type="book" year="1980">Szerlip (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FEBEFA0BFE01F9B1" authorityName=": Champion" authorityYear="1899" box="[256,404,1532,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immundus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FEBEFA0BFE01F9B1" box="[256,404,1532,1558]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">A. immundus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
among his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FDA4FA0BFD3CF9B1" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[538,681,1532,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subpiceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FDA4FA0BFD3CF9B1" box="[538,681,1532,1558]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">A. subpiceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group, a likely artificial grouping that he referred to as “a catchall for species from Central Mexico, the Yucatan Peninsula and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A6B91FFD86462FC11F9D7FC78F99D" box="[943,1005,1568,1594]" name="Cuba" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
” but did not examine Bergroth’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="548695A3FFD86462FAD2F9D7FA09F99D" box="[1388,1436,1568,1594]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen. Overall,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FECCF9B3FD90F9F9" authorityName=": Champion" authorityYear="1899" box="[370,517,1604,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immundus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FECCF9B3FD90F9F9" box="[370,517,1604,1630]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">A. immundus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FCA2F9B3FCECF9F9" authorityName="Dispons" authorityYear="1971" box="[796,889,1604,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FCA2F9B3FCECF9F9" box="[796,889,1604,1630]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">A. maya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but lacks the paired triangular projections at the base of the dorsal phallothecal sclerite, has slightly longer, more oblong dorsolateral sclerites of the endosoma with finer sculpturing, and appears to possess more endosomal denticles (>26).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327788AFFD86462FF79F947FDF9F805" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF79F947FCACF8FD" blockId="4.[151,1437,668,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF79F947FE37F96D" bold="true" box="[199,418,1712,1738]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Type information:</emphasis>
|
||
The species was described based on an unspecified number of male individuals (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FA89F947FF46F949" author="Bergroth, E." pageId="4" pageNumber="541" pagination="307 - 308" refId="ref8019" refString="Bergroth, E. (1898) Description de deux Reduviides noveaux (Hemipt.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 67, 307 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1898.22241" type="journal article" year="1898">Bergroth 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A single type of Bergroth from MZH, subsequently provided with a curatorial
|
||
<typeStatus id="548695A3FFD86462FBF3F923FB31F949" box="[1101,1188,1748,1774]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
label, has been examined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FF69F90FFEBBF8B5" box="[215,302,1784,1810]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1442,1466]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,165,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,164,1424]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus images of (A) A. immundus Bergroth, 1898 [♂ LECTOTYPE = UCR_ENT 00040816], (B) Apiomerus maya Dispons, 1971 [♀ = UCR_ENT 00013169, ♂ HOLOTYPE = UCR_ENT 00038047], (C) A. pipil Dispons, 1971 [♀ = AMNH_PBI 00218895, ♂ = UCR_ENT 00032865], and (D) A. venosus Stål, 1872 [♀ = UCR_ENT 00031790, ♂ = UCR_ENT 00032336]. All scale bars represent 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655682/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). As the original description does not exclude the possibility that the species was described based on more than one individual, following Recommendation 73F of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC56F0FFD86462FCEFF8EBFC72F891" author="ICZN & International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[849,999,1820,1846]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" refId="ref8560" refString="ICZN (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature) (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the examined specimen is regarded as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="548695A3FFD86462FF15F8B7FE90F8FD" box="[171,261,1856,1882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
, and here designated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="548695A3FFD86462FDADF8B7FDEFF8FD" box="[531,634,1856,1882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D5082FFD86462FD21F8B7FCA4F8FD" authorityName=": Champion" authorityYear="1899" box="[671,817,1856,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Apiomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immundus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FD21F8B7FCA4F8FD" box="[671,817,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">A. immundus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B822B01FFD86462FF79F893FDF9F805" blockId="4.[151,1437,668,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FF79F893FE63F8D9" bold="true" box="[199,502,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Type material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B55215CFFD86462FDBEF893FDF9F805" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3815679362" collectionCode="UCR, MZH" country="Mexico" location="MEXICO" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" specimenCode="ENT 00040816" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548695A3FFD86462FDBEF893FDE5F8D9" box="[512,624,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(present designation):
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BE088FFD86462FCC7F893FC05F8D9" box="[889,912,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B949F713FFD86462FC21F893FB8BF8D9" bold="true" box="[927,1054,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A6B91FFD86462FC21F893FB8FF8D9" box="[927,1050,1892,1918]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
exact locality and date unknown (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CB3C4FFD86462FF21F87FFF4CF805" box="[159,217,1928,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">UCR</collectionCode>
|
||
_
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB9B837AFFD86462FF59F87FFE02F804" box="[231,407,1928,1955]" collectionCode="UCR" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">ENT 00040816</specimenCode>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CB3C4FFD86462FE13F87FFE7BF805" box="[429,494,1928,1954]" country="Finland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v" name="Finnish Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="Museum">MZH</collectionCode>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13063784FFD86462FDB8F87FFDCAF805" box="[518,607,1928,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1442,1466]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,165,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,164,1424]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus images of (A) A. immundus Bergroth, 1898 [♂ LECTOTYPE = UCR_ENT 00040816], (B) Apiomerus maya Dispons, 1971 [♀ = UCR_ENT 00013169, ♂ HOLOTYPE = UCR_ENT 00038047], (C) A. pipil Dispons, 1971 [♀ = AMNH_PBI 00218895, ♂ = UCR_ENT 00032865], and (D) A. venosus Stål, 1872 [♀ = UCR_ENT 00031790, ♂ = UCR_ENT 00032336]. All scale bars represent 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6655682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6655682/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |