treatments-xml/data/03/84/87/038487E2FFE0267CBCF1FF09B91075E4.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.593.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef558f00-24a4-4671-bf56-df3c1d61ecd1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7875089" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1682061103176" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jovanovska, Elena, Wilson, Mallory C., Hamilton, Paul B. &amp; Stone, Jeffery" docDate="2023" docId="038487E2FFE0267CBCF1FF09B91075E4" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.593.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 593 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.593.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.2:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Diploneis clara Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="FFBDFF9AFFDE2642BC79FF97B8647004" masterDocTitle="Morphological and molecular characterization of twenty-five new Diploneis species (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Tanganyika and its surrounding areas" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1683016984500" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:title>Morphological and molecular characterization of twenty-five new Diploneis species (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Tanganyika and its surrounding areas</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jovanovska, Elena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany &amp; jovanovska. eci @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3413 - 3683</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Wilson, Mallory C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany &amp; Indiana State University, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, USA &amp; mwilson 108 @ sycamores. indstate. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2852 - 125 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Hamilton, Paul B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Phycology Section, Research and Collections Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Canada &amp; phamilton @ nature. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6938 - 6341</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Stone, Jeffery</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany &amp; Indiana State University, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, USA &amp; Department of Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany &amp; jeffery. stone @ indstate. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1313 - 0643 * Corresponding author &amp; Department of Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875191" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7875191" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038487E2FFE0267CBCF1FF09B91075E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038487E2FFE0267CBCF1FF09B91075E4" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,866,158,185]" box="[136,866,158,185]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading box="[136,866,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="5">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,313,158,185]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="clara" status="sp. nov.">Diploneis clara</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[320,406,159,185]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[320,399,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(LM 
<figureCitation box="[471,627,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURES 384–408" captionStartId="63.[136,243,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[197,1390,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-19@63.[196,1391,191,1856]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 384–408. Diploneis clara sp. nov., LM valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 384, 385. Specimens from Jakobsen Beach. 386, 387, 396, 407, 408. Specimens from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 388, 389, 397, 398, 400, 404. Specimens from Isanga Bay. 390, 391, 392, 393. Specimens from Mutondwe Island. 394, 395, 402, 403, 406. Specimens from Kiganza Bay. 399. Specimen from Chituta Bay. 401, 405. Specimens from Ndole Bay. Fig. 399. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875227/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 384–408</figureCitation>
, SEM 
<figureCitation box="[703,858,158,184]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 409–414" captionStart-1="FIGURES 415–418" captionStartId-0="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionStartId-1="65.[136,243,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox-0="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1433,194,1855]" captionTargetId-0="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@65.[150,1434,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId-0="64" captionTargetPageId-1="65" captionText-0="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." captionText-1="FIGURES 415–418. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM internal valve views, Lake Tanganyika, Kiganza Bay. Fig. 415. Whole valve. Fig. 416. Close view of the alveoli openings covered by thin silica layers and the serrated advalvar edge of the valvocopula. Fig. 417. View of areolae without the fine silica covers; white arrowed biseriate striae pattern at the margins. Fig. 418. Corroded valve showing the alveoli structure. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 415, 418), 2 μm (Figs 416, 417)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875233" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7875233/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 409–418</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,1452,230,1504]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Valves are weakly asymmetric, linear-elliptic with slightly convex margins and round ends (
<figureCitation box="[1204,1367,230,256]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 384–408" captionStart-1="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId-0="63.[136,243,1882,1904]" captionStartId-1="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox-0="[197,1390,193,1855]" captionTargetBox-1="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@63.[196,1391,191,1856]" captionTargetId-1="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId-0="63" captionTargetPageId-1="64" captionText-0="FIGURES 384–408. Diploneis clara sp. nov., LM valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 384, 385. Specimens from Jakobsen Beach. 386, 387, 396, 407, 408. Specimens from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 388, 389, 397, 398, 400, 404. Specimens from Isanga Bay. 390, 391, 392, 393. Specimens from Mutondwe Island. 394, 395, 402, 403, 406. Specimens from Kiganza Bay. 399. Specimen from Chituta Bay. 401, 405. Specimens from Ndole Bay. Fig. 399. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875227" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7875227/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 384–409</figureCitation>
). Valve length is 17.5–43.5 μm and width is 9.5–16 μm. The axial area is linear to lanceolate, widening at the center to form a longitudinally elongate and weakly asymmetric central area (
<figureCitation box="[856,960,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURES 384–408" captionStartId="63.[136,243,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[197,1390,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-19@63.[196,1391,191,1856]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 384–408. Diploneis clara sp. nov., LM valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 384, 385. Specimens from Jakobsen Beach. 386, 387, 396, 407, 408. Specimens from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 388, 389, 397, 398, 400, 404. Specimens from Isanga Bay. 390, 391, 392, 393. Specimens from Mutondwe Island. 394, 395, 402, 403, 406. Specimens from Kiganza Bay. 399. Specimen from Chituta Bay. 401, 405. Specimens from Ndole Bay. Fig. 399. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875227/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 386</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[973,1076,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">409, 411</figureCitation>
), 2–3.5 μm wide. Externally, the canal is linear to lanceolate, slightly expanded in the middle of the valve with two rows of cribrate (ca. 15 poroids) areolae narrowing into one at the valve apices (
<figureCitation box="[666,767,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURES 384–408" captionStartId="63.[136,243,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[197,1390,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-19@63.[196,1391,191,1856]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 384–408. Diploneis clara sp. nov., LM valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 384, 385. Specimens from Jakobsen Beach. 386, 387, 396, 407, 408. Specimens from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 388, 389, 397, 398, 400, 404. Specimens from Isanga Bay. 390, 391, 392, 393. Specimens from Mutondwe Island. 394, 395, 402, 403, 406. Specimens from Kiganza Bay. 399. Specimen from Chituta Bay. 401, 405. Specimens from Ndole Bay. Fig. 399. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875227/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 386</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[778,936,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">409–411, 413</figureCitation>
). Internally, a thick non-porous slightly raised silica plate encloses the longitudinal canal (
<figureCitation box="[631,792,410,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 415–418" captionStartId="65.[136,243,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-18@65.[150,1434,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 415–418. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM internal valve views, Lake Tanganyika, Kiganza Bay. Fig. 415. Whole valve. Fig. 416. Close view of the alveoli openings covered by thin silica layers and the serrated advalvar edge of the valvocopula. Fig. 417. View of areolae without the fine silica covers; white arrowed biseriate striae pattern at the margins. Fig. 418. Corroded valve showing the alveoli structure. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 415, 418), 2 μm (Figs 416, 417)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875233/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 415, 418</figureCitation>
). Externally, the raphe is filiform, curved with simple and deflected proximal ends; a linear expanded teardrop depression contains the proximal ends (
<figureCitation box="[1173,1389,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 409, 411, 412</figureCitation>
). The distal raphe ends are unilaterally bent to the same side as the proximal ends, terminating on the valve face at apex margin (
<figureCitation box="[230,501,518,544]" captionStart="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 409, 410, 413, 414</figureCitation>
). Internally, the raphe is present in a depression formed by the longitudinal canal; the raphe is curved with simple proximal and distal ends that are slightly elevated in helictoglossae (
<figureCitation box="[1228,1388,554,581]" captionStart="FIGURES 415–418" captionStartId="65.[136,243,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-18@65.[150,1434,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 415–418. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM internal valve views, Lake Tanganyika, Kiganza Bay. Fig. 415. Whole valve. Fig. 416. Close view of the alveoli openings covered by thin silica layers and the serrated advalvar edge of the valvocopula. Fig. 417. View of areolae without the fine silica covers; white arrowed biseriate striae pattern at the margins. Fig. 418. Corroded valve showing the alveoli structure. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 415, 418), 2 μm (Figs 416, 417)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875233/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 415, 418</figureCitation>
). The striae are parallel at mid-valve becoming radiate towards the apices, 
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10 μm. Striae are uniseriate becoming biseriate towards the valve margins (white arrow in 
<figureCitation box="[722,823,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 410</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[834,879,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURES 415–418" captionStartId="65.[136,243,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-18@65.[150,1434,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 415–418. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM internal valve views, Lake Tanganyika, Kiganza Bay. Fig. 415. Whole valve. Fig. 416. Close view of the alveoli openings covered by thin silica layers and the serrated advalvar edge of the valvocopula. Fig. 417. View of areolae without the fine silica covers; white arrowed biseriate striae pattern at the margins. Fig. 418. Corroded valve showing the alveoli structure. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 415, 418), 2 μm (Figs 416, 417)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875233/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">417</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation box="[891,1050,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 409, 414</figureCitation>
). The alveolate striae are composed of round to rectangular areolae covered externally with a pored cribra (10–15 poroids), 
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10 μm. Each areola opens into shallow pits (
<figureCitation box="[406,502,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 411</figureCitation>
). The inter-areolar thickenings have serrated fin-like silica ridges (number of notched edges hardly visible on the illustrated images). The areolae increase in size towards the valve margins (
<figureCitation box="[1281,1439,734,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 409–414" captionStartId="64.[136,243,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@64.[177,1410,191,1895]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 409–414. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM external valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 409–411. Specimen from Isanga Bay. 412– 414. Specimen from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 409. A whole valve. 410. Distal raphe ends with deflected terminal fissures; white arrowed uniseriate becoming biseriate striae pattern. 411. Central area with linear extended teardrop shaped depressions with proximal raphe ends. 412. Central area of corroded valve.413. View of a corroded valve. 414. Valve apices of corroded specimen. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 409), 5 μm (Figs 410, 411, 413, 414), 2 μm (Fig. 412)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875229/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 409, 413</figureCitation>
). Internally, the alveoli open via a single elongated opening covered with a thin silica layer (
<figureCitation box="[1147,1247,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURES 415–418" captionStartId="65.[136,243,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-18@65.[150,1434,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 415–418. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM internal valve views, Lake Tanganyika, Kiganza Bay. Fig. 415. Whole valve. Fig. 416. Close view of the alveoli openings covered by thin silica layers and the serrated advalvar edge of the valvocopula. Fig. 417. View of areolae without the fine silica covers; white arrowed biseriate striae pattern at the margins. Fig. 418. Corroded valve showing the alveoli structure. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 415, 418), 2 μm (Figs 416, 417)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875233/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 416</figureCitation>
). The valvocopula has serrated advalvar edges (
<figureCitation box="[458,618,806,833]" captionStart="FIGURES 415–418" captionStartId="65.[136,243,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-18@65.[150,1434,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 415–418. Diploneis clara sp. nov., SEM internal valve views, Lake Tanganyika, Kiganza Bay. Fig. 415. Whole valve. Fig. 416. Close view of the alveoli openings covered by thin silica layers and the serrated advalvar edge of the valvocopula. Fig. 417. View of areolae without the fine silica covers; white arrowed biseriate striae pattern at the margins. Fig. 418. Corroded valve showing the alveoli structure. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 415, 418), 2 μm (Figs 416, 417)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875233/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 415, 416</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,1452,230,1504]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,286,842,868]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Type:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-09-05" collectionCode="BM" collectorName="W. Salzburger" country="Zambia" elevation="768" latitude="-8.715555" location="Lake Tanganyika" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.154167" municipality="Chituta Bay" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCode="BM-108991" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry box="[285,590,842,868]" name="Zambia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA</collectingCountry>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038487E2FFE0267CBCF1FF09B91075E4:8EF2602FFFE0267CBE24FCDDBB477360" box="[605,803,842,868]" country="Zambia" latitude="-8.715555" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.154167" municipality="Chituta Bay" name="Lake Tanganyika" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lake Tanganyika</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[818,957,842,869]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Chituta Bay</collectingMunicipality>
, at 
<quantity box="[1002,1076,842,869]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.68" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="768.0">
<elevation box="[1002,1076,842,869]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.68" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="768.0">768 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elevation; mud and mussels, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="33.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="33.0">33 m</elevation>
</quantity>
water depth, collected 
<collectionCode box="[423,515,878,904]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">SCUBA</collectionCode>
diving, 
<geoCoordinate box="[610,759,878,905]" degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="1" seconds="56.0" value="-8.715555">8°42’56.0” S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[767,932,878,905]" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="1" seconds="15.0" value="31.154167">31°09’15.0” E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<emphasis box="[945,1103,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<collectorName box="[945,1103,878,904]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">W. Salzburger</collectorName>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[1118,1336,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<date box="[1118,1336,878,905]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2018-09-05">
<collectingDate box="[1118,1336,878,905]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2018-09-05">
5 
<superScript attach="left" box="[1132,1145,878,892]" fontSize="6" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">th</superScript>
September 2018
</collectingDate>
</date>
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[1352,1452,878,904]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">holotype</typeStatus>
designated here, circled specimen BM-108991! = 
<figureCitation box="[686,780,914,940]" captionStart="FIGURES 384–408" captionStartId="63.[136,243,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[197,1390,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-19@63.[196,1391,191,1856]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 384–408. Diploneis clara sp. nov., LM valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 384, 385. Specimens from Jakobsen Beach. 386, 387, 396, 407, 408. Specimens from Kalambo Falls Lodge. 388, 389, 397, 398, 400, 404. Specimens from Isanga Bay. 390, 391, 392, 393. Specimens from Mutondwe Island. 394, 395, 402, 403, 406. Specimens from Kiganza Bay. 399. Specimen from Chituta Bay. 401, 405. Specimens from Ndole Bay. Fig. 399. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875227/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 399</figureCitation>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-09-05" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="W. Salzburger" country="Zambia" elevation="768" latitude="-8.715555" location="Lake Tanganyika" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.154167" municipality="Chituta Bay" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCode="ANSP-GC17220" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
isotypes 
<specimenCode box="[885,1083,914,940]" collectionCode="ANSP-GC" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">ANSP-GC17220</specimenCode>
!, CANA-129333!). Type material CANA-129321. Registration: http://phycobank.org/103699
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,1452,230,1504]" box="[189,1195,985,1012]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,615,985,1012]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Pictures of the isolated specimen:—</emphasis>
LM micrograph on 1000× magnification (
<figureCitation box="[1085,1182,985,1012]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–11" captionStartId="8.[136,243,1955,1977]" captionTargetBox="[203,1382,194,1930]" captionTargetId="figure-23@8.[201,1383,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 2–11. Diploneis salzburgeri sp. nov., LM valve views, Lake Tanganyika. 2, 3, 5, 6, 9. Specimens from southern parts of Lake Tanganyika, Kalambo Falls Lodge. 4. Specimen from Kalya Bay. 7. Specimen from Ndole Bay. 8. Specimen from Jakobsen Beach, near Kigoma. 10, 11. Specimens from Buhingu Island. Fig. 7. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875095/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. S3z</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,1452,230,1504]" box="[189,1097,1020,1047]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,399,1020,1047]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Sequence data:—</emphasis>
Plastid gene 
<emphasis box="[542,579,1021,1047]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">rbc</emphasis>
L sequence (GenBank accession: 
<collectionCode box="[956,998,1020,1046]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">OQ</collectionCode>
660281).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[189,1330,1056,1082]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,1452,230,1504]" box="[189,1330,1056,1082]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,356,1056,1082]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet ‘ 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[593,652,1056,1082]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="clara">
<emphasis box="[593,652,1056,1082]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">clara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ refers to bright, radiant appearance in the light microscope.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,1452,230,1504]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,527,1091,1117]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ecology and distribution:—</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[527,800,1091,1117]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[527,704,1091,1117]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="clara" status="sp. nov.">Diploneis clara</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[713,800,1092,1117]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has only been observed in Lake Tanganyika in the three sub-basins on the Tanzanian and Zambian sides. The species is abundant in the alkaline, moderately mineral-rich and highly transparent lake. It is typically found on sand and mud (sometimes with shells) between 7.5 and 
<quantity box="[1322,1381,1162,1188]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
water depth at Kalambo Falls Lodge, Isanga Bay, Chituta Bay, Mutondwe Island, Cape Nangu at Kasaba Bay, Ndole Bay, Mahale National Park, and Kiganza Bay (see 
<figureCitation box="[643,747,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1594,1616]" captionTargetBox="[171,1421,879,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-263@3.[151,1436,844,1567]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Maps ofAfrica with major drainage systems. a) Map of Africa indicating the general location of the East African Rift (framed in bold grey lines). b) Map of East African Rift with sample (purple circles) and type (green circles) localities for all twenty-five new Diploneis species. c) Bathymetric map of the three sub-basins of Lake Tanganyika with close-up of sampling sites in the lake. d) Key sampling sites in the northern Kigoma sub-basin of Lake Tanganyika. e) Key sampling sites in the central Kundwe sub-basin of Lake Tanganyika. f) Key sampling sites in the southern Kipili sub-basin of Lake Tanganyika. Location details for each species are given in the descriptions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7875093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7875093/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1c–f</figureCitation>
). It has also been found on submerged rocks in the littoral areas at Jakobsen Beach near 
<collectingRegion box="[412,505,1267,1293]" country="Tanzania" name="Kigoma" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Kigoma</collectingRegion>
, probably resulting from currents and water turbulence. This very common species cohabits with various 
<taxonomicName box="[378,574,1302,1328]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis box="[378,487,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Diploneis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
at different sites, but mainly with 
<emphasis box="[949,1208,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[949,1119,1303,1328]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="cocquytiana" status="sp. nov.">D. cocquytiana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1125,1208,1303,1328]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[1220,1445,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[1220,1356,1302,1328]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="serrulata" status="sp. nov.">D. serrulata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1361,1445,1303,1328]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[136,388,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,296,1337,1363]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="kilhamiana" status="sp. nov.">D. kilhamiana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[303,388,1338,1363]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[402,602,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[402,511,1337,1363]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="duplex" status="sp. nov.">D. duplex</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[517,602,1338,1363]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[616,827,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[616,736,1338,1363]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="cristata" status="sp. nov.">D. cristata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[742,827,1338,1363]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[841,1093,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[841,1002,1337,1363]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="salzburgeri" status="sp. nov.">D. salzburgeri</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1008,1093,1338,1363]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and 
<emphasis box="[1154,1369,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[1154,1277,1338,1363]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="angusta" status="sp. nov.">D. angusta</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1284,1369,1338,1363]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,1452,230,1504]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,568,1372,1399]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Main differential characters:—</emphasis>
Valve shape, striae pattern, external fin-like ornamentations across the valve, fins fine at mid-valve, and poroids 10–15 per areola.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="62.[136,1452,230,1504]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,408,1443,1469]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Similar species:—</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[408,716,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authority="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone, 2023" authorityName="Jovanovska &amp; Wilson &amp; Hamilton &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2023" box="[408,617,1443,1469]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="angusta" status="sp. nov.">Diploneis angusta</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[627,716,1444,1469]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="Lange-Bertalot" authorityName="Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2004" box="[777,1205,1443,1469]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Naviculaceae" genus="Diploneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="fontannella">
<emphasis box="[777,1025,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Diploneis fontannella</emphasis>
Lange-Bertalot
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation author="Werum, M. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H." pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 417" refId="ref41048" refString="Werum, M. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H. (2004) Diatoms in springs, from Central Europe and elsewhere under the influence of hydrogeology and anthropogenic impages. Iconographia Diatomologica 13. pp. 1 - 417." type="journal article" year="2004">Werum &amp; Lange-Bertalot (2004: 141)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>