253 lines
34 KiB
XML
253 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="7F9C901448130D0D29688F72838EB79B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3383.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cad85a4e-0cdd-4e20-88ed-1f38eb035d8b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="281727" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460498081148" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dohrmann, Martin, Göcke, Christian, Reed, John & Janussen, Dorte" docDate="2012" docId="03F487E53006E41FFF4C26B7FDC3FDCD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03383p013.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3383" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Nodastrella nodastrella Topsent" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFCDFF9D3002E419FFDB2620FFE2FFF1" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy justifies a new genus, Nodastrella gen. nov., for North Atlantic " Rossella " species (Porifera: Hexactinellida: Rossellidae)" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698311138195" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="ACA9324E882A999A3B5DB4B8FA9A0F8D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5FC67AF4ECAB67BE9D7B7302C4B28188">
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<mods:title id="99C2C7524EAC27BB2B1C4A2C4F085BCF">Integrative taxonomy justifies a new genus, Nodastrella gen. nov., for North Atlantic " Rossella " species (Porifera: Hexactinellida: Rossellidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="22A2E3C0331DAA79E898D8CDE9D79A2C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="091FC515B2793ADDCC443817674A22F0">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BE049B85C9B8A90C45884688E3F1C49B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CF43BEB42CE7A8AEA9904C49ADCC457A">Dohrmann, Martin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="27CF5B1B971F65A6624F10811641FCB5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="708DEDB347C8D882A0F59A1DF4E7FBF0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E983879DEAD44BA03E802834FA37A332">Göcke, Christian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E3CC4E9E877A2668676DF9DF9A98B737" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4B5F1360CBB7C7196B86E9F38A986701">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="20204779CCDBBE40B5CB8B5555C95BBB">Reed, John</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B264BB05D41E5CA127F92E3813DBEA77" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E29F11D7FE3FCF6761E4FF8A5E07B88B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4529BBB845C23C85E784D8D50A6296CE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F522442260E898B0B6FB221222265596">Janussen, Dorte</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2ADE67A10671EBE1131B164DCBCAC3BF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="762102073CF40F5CB0336A19C409A61E">
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<mods:title id="751B8AE8CD1897E2ACFE5DFF5062B583">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="89589DAF1B3D900D3C1684C6E76C49A1">
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<mods:date id="5535F8B77A3A19A2FF260002984A7103">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8C3D88ADBB61B0FA12E03D151D468603">2012-07-10</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="CD1CF0A179953AFBC43F71A0A29CB1BA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D230F96F4BF284BE835CED5D2EA9FF0F">3383</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F07412EF623B7DB1A58891DCBAA147DC">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0C019779A6C4EB17C9FE56A01893BF73">13</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="B24487DDF44C61C457230CBD037BE18E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F12492C4C98F3037EE07129B8A66C8EB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3383.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7AC0D71437337B065CC0ACC6196FABC1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="85D531A043345A34EB50B417C2EDF24F" type="Zenodo-Dep">281727</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F487E53006E41FFF4C26B7FDC3FDCD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5691000" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119520892" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5691000" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487E53006E41FFF4C26B7FDC3FDCD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F487E53006E41FFF4C26B7FDC3FDCD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<subSubSection id="C34765783006E41DFF4C26B7FDCCFF40" box="[151,558,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE236F33006E41DFF4C26B7FDCCFF40" blockId="4.[151,558,151,177]" box="[151,558,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="D0AA819F3006E41DFF4C26B7FDCCFF40" bold="true" box="[151,558,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703006E41DFF4C26B7FDCCFF40" ID-CoL="47L5T" authority="Topsent" authorityName="Topsent" box="[151,558,151,177]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Nodastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nodastrella">
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<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFF4C26B7FDCCFF40" bold="true" box="[151,558,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFF4C26B7FE53FF40" bold="true" box="[151,433,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Nodastrella nodastrella</emphasis>
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(Topsent)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34765783006E41DFF4C26FFFB03FF04" box="[151,1249,222,245]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE236F33006E41DFF4C26FFFB03FF04" blockId="4.[151,1249,222,245]" box="[151,1249,222,245]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFF4C26FFFF1CFF05" box="[151,254,223,244]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Synonymy</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703006E41DFED026FFFE3AFF04" ID-CoL="84RT9" box="[267,472,223,245]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nodastrella">
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<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFED026FFFE3AFF04" box="[267,472,223,245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rossella nodastrella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B023006E41DFE3D26FFFD69FF05" author="Topsent" box="[486,651,222,244]" firstAuthor="Topsent" page="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1" refId="ref7767" refString="Topsent, E. (1915) Une Rossella des Acores (Rossella nodastrella n. sp.). Bulletin de l' Institut Oceanographique, Monaco, 303, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1915">Topsent 1915: 1</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13662A763006E41DFD4C26FEFD1AFF05" box="[663,760,222,244]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1721,1744]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1981,2004]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,250,1871,1894]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,250,1178,1201]" captionStartId-4="9.[151,250,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,729,1696]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,663,1954]" captionTargetBox-2="[346,1234,181,1842]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,193,1156]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1435,1311,1932]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[151,1436,729,1697]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,663,1955]" captionTargetId-2="figure@8.[346,1234,181,1842]" captionTargetId-3="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1157]" captionTargetId-4="figure@9.[151,1436,1311,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Nodastrella nodastrella USNM 1150046, specimen (A) and skeleton (B – G). (B – E, G) scanning electron micrographs; (F) light micrograph. (A) Deck photograph of specimen attached to Lophelia coral. (B) Dermal stauractin. (C) Detail of calycocome. (D) Cluster of calycocomes and a discaster (lower left). (E) Pappocome-like oxyhexaster with most secondary rays broken off. (F) Complete pappocome-like oxyhexaster. (G) Discaster." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Nodastrella nodastrella holotype, skeleton. Scanning electron micrographs. (A) Calycocome. (B) Atrial hexactin. (C) Pappocome-like oxyhexaster with most secondary rays broken off. (D) Regular oxyhexaster. (E) Discaster." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Nodastrella asconemaoida sp. nov. USNM 1150045, specimen (A) and skeleton (B – H). (B, C, E, F) scanning electron micrographs; (D, G, H) light micrographs. (A) Deck photograph of specimen. (B) Dermal stauractin. (C) Atrial hexactin. (D) Dermal tauactin. (E) Microdiscohexaster. (F) Oxyhexaster. (G) " Calycocome " with numerous secondary rays and hardly developed calyces (= calycocome-like stellate discohexaster) (40 X). (H) " Proper " calycocome with fewer secondary rays and well-developed calyces (40 X)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Underwater picture of Nodastrella asconemaoida sp. nov. HBOI 5 - VIII- 05 - 1 - 004, taken by Johnson-Sea-Link II on Miami Terrace, Straits of Florida, Reed Site BU 2, August 0 5, 2005. Courtesy of HBOI, Ft. Pierce, Florida. Right specimen is ca. 22 cm tall." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Nodastrella asconemaoida sp. nov. ZMAPOR 19715, skeleton. Scanning electron micrographs. (A) Microdiscohexaster. (B) Oxyhexaster." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/281728/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/281729/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/281730/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/281731/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/281732/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B023006E41DFCD826FFFC57FF05" author="Topsent" box="[771,949,222,244]" firstAuthor="Topsent" page="76" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 376" refId="ref7801" refString="Topsent, E. (1928) Spongiaires de l'Atlantique et de la Mediterranee provenant des croisieres du Prince Albert 1 er de Monaco. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 74, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1928">Topsent 1928: 76</bibRefCitation>
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, Pl. III Fig. 22, Pl. IV
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<figureCitation id="13662A763006E41DFB4326FEFB36FF04" box="[1176,1236,222,245]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1871,1894]" captionTargetBox="[346,1234,181,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[346,1234,181,1842]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nodastrella asconemaoida sp. nov. USNM 1150045, specimen (A) and skeleton (B – H). (B, C, E, F) scanning electron micrographs; (D, G, H) light micrographs. (A) Deck photograph of specimen. (B) Dermal stauractin. (C) Atrial hexactin. (D) Dermal tauactin. (E) Microdiscohexaster. (F) Oxyhexaster. (G) " Calycocome " with numerous secondary rays and hardly developed calyces (= calycocome-like stellate discohexaster) (40 X). (H) " Proper " calycocome with fewer secondary rays and well-developed calyces (40 X)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281730/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34765783006E41DFF4C2701FDF2FE38" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE236F33006E41DFF4C2701FDF2FE38" blockId="4.[151,1436,289,674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFF4C2701FE8CFEC8" box="[151,366,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material examined</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation id="3B353CAE3006E41DFE5B2701FAFEFEAC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461730306" collectingDate="1911-08-18" collectorName="S. A. S. le Prince de Monaco" elevation="1378" location="Azores" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="MOM-INV-21666" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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The
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<typeStatus id="54E688513006E41DFE6E2701FDF5FEC8" box="[437,535,289,313]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCode id="DBFB9E883006E41DFDF22701FD1BFEC8" box="[553,761,289,313]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">MOM-INV-21666</specimenCode>
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(04 1353)) described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B023006E41DFBF92702FB2CFEC8" author="Topsent" box="[1058,1230,289,313]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1" refId="ref7767" refString="Topsent, E. (1915) Une Rossella des Acores (Rossella nodastrella n. sp.). Bulletin de l' Institut Oceanographique, Monaco, 303, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1915">Topsent (1915)</bibRefCitation>
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from the
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<location id="8E8260283006E41DFA9E2701FA75FEC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487E53006E41FFF4C26B7FDC3FDCD:8E8260283006E41DFA9E2701FA75FEC8" box="[1349,1431,289,313]" name="Azores" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Azores</location>
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, collected by
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<collectorName id="26A853253006E41DFEFD2765FD83FEAC" box="[294,609,325,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S.A.S. le Prince de Monaco</collectorName>
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, off San Miguel, St. 3140, on
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<date id="FFE310333006E41DFC692766FB8CFEAC" box="[946,1134,325,350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1911-08-18">
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9DB3006E41DFC692766FB8CFEAC" box="[946,1134,325,350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1911-08-18">August 18, 1911</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, depth
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<quantity id="4CA59B163006E41DFB1B2765FAFAFEAC" box="[1216,1304,325,349]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.378" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="1378.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0070D1C03006E41DFB1B2765FAFAFEAC" box="[1216,1304,325,349]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.378" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="1378.0">1378 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
.
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B353CAE3006E41DFAF82765FDF2FE38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461730303" collectedFrom="from deep-water Lophelia coral reefs" collectingDate="2009-08-07" collectingMethod="Johnson-Sea-Link II." collectionCode="SMF" elevation="759" latitude="28.793684" location="Cape Canaveral" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.62383" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="HBOI 7-VIII-09-1-002, USNM 1150046" specimenCount="1">
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<specimenCount id="9D5BFD7A3006E41DFAF82765FF25FE70" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">One specimen</specimenCount>
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||
(
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||
<specimenCode id="DBFB9E883006E41DFF0E2749FE3EFE70" box="[213,476,361,385]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||
HBOI
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||
<date id="FFE310333006E41DFEF92749FE76FE70" box="[290,404,361,385]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2009-08-07">7-VIII-09</date>
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||
-1-002
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||
</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCode id="DBFB9E883006E41DFE3D2749FD40FE70" box="[486,674,361,385]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USNM 1150046</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE363006E41DFD772749FD06FE70" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[684,740,361,385]" collectionName="Germany, Frankfurt-am-Main, Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberg" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SMF</collectionCode>
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||
11754)
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||
<collectedFrom id="3841750E3006E41DFCE42749FB3CFE70" box="[831,1246,361,385]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||
from deep-water
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703006E41DFC242749FB81FE70" box="[1023,1123,361,385]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Lophelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFC242749FB81FE70" box="[1023,1123,361,385]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lophelia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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coral reefs
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||
</collectedFrom>
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off
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||
<location id="8E8260283006E41DFAD02749FF26FE54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487E53006E41FFF4C26B7FDC3FDCD:8E8260283006E41DFAD02749FF26FE54" latitude="28.793684" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.62383" name="Cape Canaveral" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cape Canaveral</location>
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||
,
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||
<location id="8E8260283006E41DFF0E27ADFECBFE54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487E53006E41FFF4C26B7FDC3FDCD:8E8260283006E41DFF0E27ADFECBFE54" box="[213,297,397,421]" latitude="28.793684" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.62383" name="Florida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Florida</location>
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, lat.
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6950343006E41DFEB127ADFDE1FE54" box="[362,515,397,421]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="47.621" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="28.793684">28°47.621 N</geoCoordinate>
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||
, long.
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6950343006E41DFD8127ADFD14FE54" box="[602,758,397,421]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="37.430" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="-79.62383">79°37.430 W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity id="4CA59B163006E41DFC8827ADFC40FE54" box="[851,930,397,421]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.59" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="759.0">
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<elevation id="0070D1C03006E41DFC8827ADFC40FE54" box="[851,930,397,421]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.59" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="759.0">759 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, collected
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9DB3006E41DFBFD27AEFB0EFE54" box="[1062,1260,397,422]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<date id="FFE310333006E41DFBFD27AEFB0EFE54" box="[1062,1260,397,422]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2009-08-07">August 07, 2009</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
using manned submersible
|
||
<collectingMethod id="521C4EE43006E41DFEFE2791FDF2FE38" box="[293,528,433,457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFEFE2791FDEBFE38" box="[293,521,433,457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Johnson-Sea-Link II</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</collectingMethod>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34765783006E41CFF1C27F6FC5FFD91" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236F33006E41DFF1C27F6FC1BFD50" blockId="4.[151,1436,289,674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFF1C27F6FEA9FE1C" box="[199,331,470,493]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description</emphasis>
|
||
: The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513006E41DFE5427F5FE13FE1C" box="[399,497,469,493]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is a small (probably juvenile) specimen, 3.5 cm high and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B163006E41DFB5727F5FB26FE1C" box="[1164,1220,469,493]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
max. width with a deep central osculum. The specimen from Florida, USNM 1150046, is 24.5 cm high, the body is vase-shaped with the osculum (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B163006E41DFE8D243DFE79FDC4" box="[342,411,541,565]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide) having outward-flaring margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A763006E41DFC80243DFC7EFDC4" box="[859,924,541,565]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,729,1696]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,729,1697]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Nodastrella nodastrella USNM 1150046, specimen (A) and skeleton (B – G). (B – E, G) scanning electron micrographs; (F) light micrograph. (A) Deck photograph of specimen attached to Lophelia coral. (B) Dermal stauractin. (C) Detail of calycocome. (D) Cluster of calycocomes and a discaster (lower left). (E) Pappocome-like oxyhexaster with most secondary rays broken off. (F) Complete pappocome-like oxyhexaster. (G) Discaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281728/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Whereas the dermal surface of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513006E41DFAE1243DFA7EFDC4" box="[1338,1436,541,565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
shows a few diactine prostalia, the USNM specimen is smooth. The USNM specimen is white to greyish and is attached to a scleractinian coral (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703006E41DFDDD2445FD27FD8C" box="[518,709,613,637]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Lophelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pertusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFDDD2445FD27FD8C" box="[518,709,613,637]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lophelia pertusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.); the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513006E41DFCFF2445FC64FD8C" box="[804,902,613,637]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is also basiphytous and attached to the skeleton of another hexactinellid sponge,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703006E41DFDDE24AAFC17FD50" authority="Schmidt (Topsent 1915)" authorityName="Schmidt (Topsent" authorityYear="1915" box="[517,1013,649,673]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Hertwigia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="falcifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFDDE24AAFD3EFD50" box="[517,732,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hertwigia falcifera</emphasis>
|
||
Schmidt (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B023006E41DFC9424A9FC0EFD50" author="Topsent" box="[847,1004,649,673]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1" refId="ref7767" refString="Topsent, E. (1915) Une Rossella des Acores (Rossella nodastrella n. sp.). Bulletin de l' Institut Oceanographique, Monaco, 303, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1915">Topsent 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF22667B3006E41DFF4C2099FC6BF8DA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281728/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[151,1435,729,1696]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236F33006E41DFF4C2099FC6BF8DA" blockId="4.[151,1436,1721,1836]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFF4C2099FEF6F93E" bold="true" box="[151,276,1721,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703006E41DFEC72099FDEFF93E" box="[284,525,1721,1743]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Nodastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nodastrella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFEC72099FDEFF93E" box="[284,525,1721,1743]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Nodastrella nodastrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
USNM 1150046, specimen (A) and skeleton (B–G). (B–E, G) scanning electron micrographs; (F) light micrograph. (A) Deck photograph of specimen attached to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703006E41DFC4F20F8FC0CF91F" box="[916,1006,1752,1774]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Lophelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13006E41DFC4F20F8FC0CF91F" box="[916,1006,1752,1774]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lophelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
coral. (B) Dermal stauractin. (C) Detail of calycocome. (D) Cluster of calycocomes and a discaster (lower left). (E) Pappocome-like oxyhexaster with most secondary rays broken off. (F) Complete pappocome-like oxyhexaster. (G) Discaster.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236F33006E41CFF1C2173FC5FFD91" blockId="4.[151,1437,1875,2008]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Skeleton (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A763006E41DFEEC2173FE40F89A" box="[311,418,1875,1899]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1721,1744]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1981,2004]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,729,1696]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,663,1954]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[151,1436,729,1697]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,663,1955]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Nodastrella nodastrella USNM 1150046, specimen (A) and skeleton (B – G). (B – E, G) scanning electron micrographs; (F) light micrograph. (A) Deck photograph of specimen attached to Lophelia coral. (B) Dermal stauractin. (C) Detail of calycocome. (D) Cluster of calycocomes and a discaster (lower left). (E) Pappocome-like oxyhexaster with most secondary rays broken off. (F) Complete pappocome-like oxyhexaster. (G) Discaster." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Nodastrella nodastrella holotype, skeleton. Scanning electron micrographs. (A) Calycocome. (B) Atrial hexactin. (C) Pappocome-like oxyhexaster with most secondary rays broken off. (D) Regular oxyhexaster. (E) Discaster." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/281728/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/281729/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DF03483006E41DFE762173FE1DF89A" box="[429,511,1875,1899]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,235,800,821]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,909,1378]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule measurements of Nodastrella nodastrella holotype (MOM-INV- 21666 (04 1353 )) and USNM 1150046. Values in µm are given as minimum - mean - maximum (number). D = diameter, L = length. * no complete spicules were found." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF22667B3001E41AFF4C2500FF3BFC82" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableUuid="DF22667B3001E41AFF4C2500FF3BFC82">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
): Dermal skeleton is a web of microspined stauractins (occasionally with rudimentary tubercle of fifth ray), some tauactins with or without rudimentary fourth ray, some diactins with or without rudimentary third and fourth rays, and very rarely isolated pentactins; the web covers the paratangential rays of large, smooth (except for slightly rugose ray tips), orthotropal hypodermal pentactins. Atrial skeleton is a web of hexactins and pentactins, combined with some stauractins and rare tauactins. Choanosomalia are chiefly diactins varying in size from few mm to several cm, with rounded to pointed microspined or smooth tips, sometimes with one end swollen. The smaller diactins are commonly centrotylote; in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513007E41CFC1B26FFFBC0FF06" box="[960,1058,223,247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
some smaller diactins protrude as prostalia beyond the dermal surface. Further choanosomal megascleres are microspined hexactins and pentactins of variable sizes. Microscleres are calycocomes most abundant near the dermal surface, spherical discasters most abundant near the atrial surface, and oxyhexasters. We did not observe any microdiscohexasters, but they are documented in the original description, as rare stellate microdiscohexasters with 11–13 secondary rays (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B023007E41CFB21274FFA7AFE76" author="Topsent" box="[1274,1432,367,391]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1" refId="ref7767" refString="Topsent, E. (1915) Une Rossella des Acores (Rossella nodastrella n. sp.). Bulletin de l' Institut Oceanographique, Monaco, 303, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1915">Topsent 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A763007E41CFF4C27B4FF3AFE5D" box="[151,216,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1311,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,1311,1932]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nodastrella asconemaoida sp. nov. ZMAPOR 19715, skeleton. Scanning electron micrographs. (A) Microdiscohexaster. (B) Oxyhexaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281732/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA59B163007E41CFF1127B4FF3AFE5D" box="[202,216,404,428]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="5.0">5</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
m; the spicule shown in his
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A763007E41CFDD527B4FDACFE5D" box="[526,590,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1311,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,1311,1932]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nodastrella asconemaoida sp. nov. ZMAPOR 19715, skeleton. Scanning electron micrographs. (A) Microdiscohexaster. (B) Oxyhexaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281732/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
a is more likely a small calycocome). Calycocomes have very short primary rays bearing calyces with 7–8 microspiny secondary rays, discasters have ~10–20 microspiny secondary rays and inflated centre hiding the axial cross and entire primary rays. Oxyhexasters are of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513007E41CFBA027FDFB58FE04" box="[1147,1210,477,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: 1) pappocome-like oxyhexasters, which are always holoxyhexasters, with distinct primary rays ending in conspicuous discs bearing 5–7 straight, microspiny secondary rays, and 2) (only found in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513007E41CFC4C2404FC1FFDCD" box="[919,1021,548,572]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; see Remarks) normal oxy- and few hemioxyhexasters with 1–3 secondary rays and very short primary rays.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF22667B3007E41CFF4C219DFB1BF802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281729/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[151,1435,663,1954]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236F33007E41CFF4C219DFB1BF802" blockId="5.[151,1437,1981,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13007E41CFF4C219DFEF1F822" bold="true" box="[151,275,1981,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703007E41CFEC1219EFDEBF825" box="[282,521,1982,2004]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Nodastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nodastrella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13007E41CFEC1219EFDEBF825" box="[282,521,1982,2004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nodastrella nodastrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype, skeleton. Scanning electron micrographs. (A) Calycocome. (B) Atrial hexactin. (C) Pappocome-like oxyhexaster with most secondary rays broken off. (D) Regular oxyhexaster. (E) Discaster.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34765783004E41FFF1C26B8FDC3FDCD" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236F33004E41FFF1C26B8FDC3FDCD" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13004E41FFF1C26B8FECBFF41" box="[199,297,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: Despite the fact that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B023004E41FFDFE26B8FD32FF5E" author="Topsent" box="[549,720,151,175]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1" refId="ref7767" refString="Topsent, E. (1915) Une Rossella des Acores (Rossella nodastrella n. sp.). Bulletin de l' Institut Oceanographique, Monaco, 303, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1915">Topsent (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not notice, or at least did not mention, the presence of two distinct
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513004E41FFF2A269DFECEFF24" box="[241,300,189,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of oxyhexasters, the pappocome-like oxyhexasters are the most prominent diagnostic character of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D703004E41FFA59269DFEF7FF09" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Nodastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nodastrella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13004E41FFA59269DFA77FF25" box="[1410,1429,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAE13004E41FFF4C26C0FEF7FF09" box="[151,277,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">nodastrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They are holoxyhexasters with a convex, plate-like terminal of each primary ray, on which the secondary rays are attached. The 5–7 straight secondary rays radiate outwards and give the hexaster a spherical appearance, best seen in LM, as the secondary rays tend to break off during preparation and were hardly ever found in situ in SEM. We refrain here from calling these spicules pappocomes because the number of secondary rays is much smaller than in "true" pappocomes (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B023004E41FFD8C274FFCC4FE76" author="Tabachnick" box="[599,806,367,391]" firstAuthor="Tabachnick" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1441 - 1505" refId="ref7489" refString="Tabachnick, K. R. (2002 a) Family Rossellidae Schulze, 1885. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. Plenum, New York, pp. 1441 - 1505." type="book chapter" year="2002" yearSuffix="a">Tabachnick 2002a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B023004E41FFC4A274FFB06FE76" author="Tabachnick and Reiswig" box="[913,1252,367,391]" firstAuthor="Tabachnick" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1224 - 1229" refId="ref7700" refString="Tabachnick, K. R. & Reiswig, H. M. (2002) Dictionary of Hexactinellida. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. Plenum, New York, pp. 1224 - 1229." type="book chapter" year="2002">Tabachnick and Reiswig 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a discussion of the term). In the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513004E41FFEA927B4FE35FE5D" box="[370,471,404,428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, these oxyhexasters are combined with normal (hemi)oxyhexasters, and there seem to be transitional forms between both spicule
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E688513004E41FFD582798FD23FE21" box="[643,705,440,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, whereas in the Florida specimen only the pappocome-like oxyhexasters were observed. However, because the morphological gap between the two specimens from each side of the Atlantic may be closed or confirmed by further findings we refrain from the erection of subspecies based on the scarce material presently available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |