108 lines
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108 lines
11 KiB
XML
<document id="EE77A8FF5561D5234F24CA983293D5D3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.187278" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2f871b73-5758-4ab0-a0ed-93dbc18794b9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="187278" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461066556127" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Makarkin, Vladimir N. & Wedmann, Sonja" docDate="2009" docId="03F487A0E25F131FFF39FBD0FDE3F9FC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02078p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2078" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sympherobius Banks 1904" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="FFCDFFD8E25E131EFFAEFFBDFFCFFFAF" masterDocTitle="First record of the genus Sympherobius (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) from Baltic amber" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1698583400449" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="7F8400C813D137228F4FCB8527FAE7B3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3184A56B78A03F1C2688C077E8087E87">
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<mods:title id="CE538335FA3E67BABAECF2950A75FADD">First record of the genus Sympherobius (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) from Baltic amber</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D59B2029A662C6D53F88B55DD57F41E6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="878C96D3FDD0FD2BFA89DF1E671F64B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EB2F7606F5F123B68F1C37C0D3743D68">Makarkin, Vladimir N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="B34F7370EB8F92CD231E34748146B46A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9D8A0989980FF87DA02ECC572A8CFE25">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5729F9D9E589A1DBB8E91AFDFB8673A5">Wedmann, Sonja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1B7C42A7DB7ED755B5CAFEF9009B59D5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A3721BA9D460049B066955DC737B7F20">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0783508AFD19007FFBB4B4AD0E05B5F2">
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<mods:date id="909A4178E96FA8C4D1F366962E63EF95">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3914E2059FAB358C326B81FDAB4F50CD" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FA1BEB6EBE96D264605BEA3E20257440">2078</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F683874D28B32D460FF0993CFF420DB5">55</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="22F36B88438A131E99EB6EFAB30D88DA">62</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="AC0024B6EA1374100CAF731388F24DD6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="41FB0609BF04913FF50F88E912863801" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.187278</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="77BF939A85EFBAFEFC7861AB83A33980" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FBAFD04C4478D456FE0EFE1ADB86D1B5" type="Zenodo-Dep">187278</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F487A0E25F131FFF39FBD0FDE3F9FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6213282" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119615065" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6213282" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487A0E25F131FFF39FBD0FDE3F9FC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F487A0E25F131FFF39FBD0FDE3F9FC" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection id="C347653DE25F131FFF39FBD0FDF7FB28" box="[151,568,1133,1159]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE236B6E25F131FFF39FBD0FDF7FB28" blockId="1.[151,568,1133,1159]" box="[151,568,1133,1159]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<heading id="D0AA81DAE25F131FFF39FBD0FDF7FB28" bold="true" box="[151,568,1133,1159]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFF39FBD0FDF7FB28" bold="true" box="[151,568,1133,1159]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D35E25F131FFF40FBD0FDF7FB28" ID-CoL="645SY" ID-ENA="1504865" authority="Banks, 1904" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1904" box="[238,568,1133,1159]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Sympherobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFF40FBD0FE54FB28" bold="true" box="[238,411,1133,1159]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Sympherobius</emphasis>
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Banks, 1904
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C347653DE25F131FFF39FB0BFCB3FB7F" box="[151,892,1206,1232]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE236B6E25F131FFF39FB0BFCB3FB7F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1206,1619]" box="[151,892,1206,1232]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFF39FB0BFEFDFB7F" bold="true" box="[151,306,1206,1232]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<typeStatus id="54E68814E25F131FFF39FB0BFF1BFB7F" box="[151,212,1206,1232]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D35E25F131FFEEEFB0AFD00FB7F" authority="Fitch, 1855" authorityName="Fitch" authorityYear="1855" box="[320,719,1206,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Hemerobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amiculus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFEEEFB0AFD8FFB7F" box="[320,576,1207,1232]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Hemerobius amiculus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B47E25F131FFDE9FB0BFD00FB7F" author="Fitch" box="[583,719,1206,1232]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" refString="Fitch, A. (1855) Report [upon the noxious and other insects of the state of New-York]. Transactions of the New York State Agricultural Society, 14 (for 1854), 705 - 880." type="journal article" year="1855">Fitch, 1855</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C347653DE25F131FFF6BFB60FE9BFA17" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE236B6E25F131FFF6BFB60FA56FAB1" blockId="1.[151,1437,1206,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFF6BFB60FE80FB58" bold="true" box="[197,335,1245,1271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Separated from other hemerobiid genera by the following combination of characters: crossveins 2sc-r, 4r-m, 4im, 4m-cu absent in forewing; outer gradate series of crossveins absent in hind wing.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE236B6E25F131FFF6BFA97FE9BFA17" blockId="1.[151,1437,1206,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFF6BFA97FE68FAEB" bold="true" box="[197,423,1322,1348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Species included.</emphasis>
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More than 50 extant species, distributed nearly worldwide, except
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<collectingCountry id="F34A7626E25F131FFB5BFA97FAA8FAEB" box="[1269,1383,1322,1348]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Australia</collectingCountry>
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and tropical regions of Africa and Asia (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B47E25F131FFDCFFAECFCCFFAC4" author="Tjeder" box="[609,768,1361,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Tjeder, B. (1961) Neuroptera-Planipennia. The Lace-wings of Southern Africa. 4. Family Hemerobiidae. In: B. Hanstrom, Brinck, P. & Rudebec, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life. Vol. 8. Swedish Natural Science Research Council, Stockholm, 296 - 408." type="book chapter" year="1961">Tjeder 1961</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B47E25F131FFCA0FAECFC77FAC4" author="Oswald" box="[782,952,1361,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Oswald, J. D. (1988) A revision of the genus Sympherobius Banks (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) of America north of Mexico with a synonymical list of the world species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 96, 390 - 451." type="journal article" year="1988">Oswald 1988</bibRefCitation>
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). Fossil records include
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D35E25F131FFB43FAECFEC1FA3E" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Sympherobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="completus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFB43FAECFEC1FA3E" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Sympherobius completus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A57DFE25F131FFEBBFACAFE98FA3E" box="[277,343,1399,1425]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFEBBFACAFE98FA3E" bold="true" box="[277,343,1399,1425]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">sp. n.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from Eocene Baltic amber, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D35E25F131FFD7CFAC5FCB8FA3E" box="[722,887,1400,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Sympherobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFD7CFAC5FCB8FA3E" box="[722,887,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Sympherobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. from Miocene Dominican amber (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B47E25F131FFA96FAC5FE88FA17" author="Engel" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" refString="Engel, M. S. & Grimaldi, D. (2007) The Neuropterid fauna of Dominican and Mexican amber (Neuropterida: Megaloptera, Neuroptera). American Museum Novitates, 3587: 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="2007">Engel & Grimaldi 2007</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C347653DE25F131FFF6BFA78FDE3F9FC" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE236B6E25F131FFF6BFA78FDE3F9FC" blockId="1.[151,1437,1206,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFF6BFA78FE8CFA70" bold="true" box="[197,323,1477,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Although characters of the male genitalia are not known in this species (this only known specimen is female), we confidently assign it to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D35E25F131FFCEFFA51FC29F9AA" box="[833,998,1516,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Sympherobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAA4E25F131FFCEFFA51FC29F9AA" box="[833,998,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Sympherobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. This is evident from characters such as size, the stylus borne on the ninth gonocoxites, strongly swollen tibiae, and wing venation that is entirely concordant with that of this genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |