treatments-xml/data/03/E1/56/03E1561898200B25FF19FD5B4F961D59.xml
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<document id="9C00B812A7DE183463ADF13772F87863" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5188356" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5188356" ID-ZooBank="AC2597CC-301F-4E91-9711-5C17399C9AA2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628346141153" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="King, Jonas G. &amp; Lago, Paul K." docDate="2012" docId="03E1561898200B25FF19FD5B4F961D59" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0275.1-53.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2012 (275)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Heterocerus texanus" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFD82E60983B0B3EFFD9FFF94D431A43" masterDocTitle="The variegated mud-loving beetles (Coleoptera: Heteroceridae) of Mississippi and Alabama, with discussion and keys to the species occurring in the southeastern United States" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1699045744038" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="D648EF0EFB09AAB195D09688959E436D">The variegated mud-loving beetles (Coleoptera: Heteroceridae) of Mississippi and Alabama, with discussion and keys to the species occurring in the southeastern United States</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A22990C02D2EABF87A2BEFD2276320E9">King, Jonas G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6A49724E4AE880E0AB4CB9517BEED1B7">Lago, Paul K.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C352B48598200B25FF19FD5B4FD318F9" box="[192,656,674,698]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19FD5B4FD318F9" blockId="27.[192,656,674,762]" box="[192,656,674,698]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D0BF506298200B25FF19FD5B4FD318F9" bold="true" box="[192,656,674,698]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF19FD5B4FD318F9" bold="true" box="[192,656,674,698]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
14.
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FF34FD5A4FD318F9" authority="(Pacheco)" baseAuthorityName="Pacheco" box="[237,656,674,698]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF34FD5A4F4218F9" bold="true" box="[237,513,675,698]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Heterocerus texanus</emphasis>
(Pacheco)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C352B48598200B25FF19FD3B4CC118B9" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19FD3B4CF01899" blockId="27.[192,656,674,762]" box="[192,435,706,730]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF19FD3B4CF01899" bold="true" box="[192,435,706,730]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">New Combination</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19FD1B4CC118B9" blockId="27.[192,656,674,762]" box="[192,386,738,762]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
(
<figureCitation id="1373FB8B98200B25FF10FD1B4C6218B9" box="[201,289,738,762]" captionStart="Figures 21-25" captionStartId="18.[192,286,1256,1278]" captionTargetBox="[192,1401,191,1233]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figures 21-25. Habiti of Heterocerus species of intermediate size with post-mesocoxal lines. 21) H. schwarzi. 22) H. tenuis. 23) H. undatus. 24) H. texanus. 25) H. collaris. Scale line = 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5188374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5188374/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1373FB8B98200B25FEF7FD1B4C0D18B9" box="[302,334,738,762]" captionStart="Figures 45-53" captionStartId="39.[192,286,843,865]" captionTargetBox="[203,1417,196,805]" captionTargetId="figure-157@39.[770,867,432,529]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figures 45-53. Male genitalia of southeastern species. The ventral view is shown unless otherwise stated. 45-50) Heterocerus species in the undulatus group. 45) H. undatus. 46) H. collaris. 47) H. texanus; left - ventral view, right - lateral view. 48) H. schwarzi; left - ventral view, right - lateral view. 49) H. tenuis. 50) H. selanderi. 51-53) Augyles and Tropicus species. Figures 52-53 are at roughly 2x relative scale of prior genitalia. 51) Augyles auromicans. 52) Tropicus nigrellus; left - dorsal view, center - ventral view, right - lateral view. 53) Tropicus pusillus; left - dorsal view, right - ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5188384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5188384/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">46</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1373FB8B98200B25FE82FD1B4C3A18B9" box="[347,377,738,762]" captionStart="Figure 66-72" captionStartId="41.[192,275,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[189,1438,191,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-840@41.[787,836,959,983]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 66-72. Distribution by county in the United States. 66) Heterocerus undatus. 67) Heterocerus texanus. 68) Heterocerus schwarzi. 69) Heterocerus tenuis. 70) Augyles auromicans. 71) Tropicus pusillus. 72) Tropicus nigrellus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5188396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5188396/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">67</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C352B48598200B25FF19FCDB4F3D1979" box="[192,638,802,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19FCDB4F3D1979" blockId="27.[192,638,802,826]" box="[192,638,802,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB58C02098200B25FF19FCDB4F3D1979" box="[192,638,802,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<treatmentCitation id="0AE9C11F98200B25FF19FCDB4F381979" author="Pacheco, F." box="[192,635,802,826]" page="122" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" year="1964">
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FF19FCDB4F381979" authority="Pacheco 1964: 122" authorityName="Pacheco" authorityPageNumber="122" authorityYear="1964" box="[192,635,802,826]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Peditatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF19FCDB4CD61979" box="[192,405,802,826]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Peditatus texanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD99AFF98200B25FE43FCDB4F381979" author="Pacheco, F." box="[410,635,802,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 155" refId="ref22030" refString="Pacheco, F. 1964. Sistematica, filogenia y distribucion de los Heteroceridos de America (Coleoptera; Heteroceridae). Monografias del Colegio de Post-graduados, No. 1, Escuela Nacional de Agricultura, Chapingo, Mexico, Vol. 1: 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1964">Pacheco 1964: 122</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C352B48598200B25FF19FC9B4C781ED9" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19FC9B4C781ED9" blockId="27.[192,1440,866,1178]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF19FC9B4C2E1939" bold="true" box="[192,365,866,890]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Description.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4CB04AEB98200B25FE08FC9B4F2A1939" box="[465,617,866,890]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="3.2" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.9">2.9 - 3.5 mm</quantity>
. Brown or reddish-brown. Elytra trifasciate, with two distinct basal spots (
<figureCitation id="1373FB8B98200B25FEC8FC7B4C2819D9" box="[273,363,898,922]" captionStart="Figures 21-25" captionStartId="18.[192,286,1256,1278]" captionTargetBox="[192,1401,191,1233]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figures 21-25. Habiti of Heterocerus species of intermediate size with post-mesocoxal lines. 21) H. schwarzi. 22) H. tenuis. 23) H. undatus. 24) H. texanus. 25) H. collaris. Scale line = 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5188374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5188374/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
); surface relatively shiny; striae absent. Post-metathoracic coxal lines absent, post-mesothoracic coxal lines present. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="1373FB8B98200B25FD22FC5B4E1019F9" box="[763,851,930,954]" captionStart="Figures 45-53" captionStartId="39.[192,286,843,865]" captionTargetBox="[203,1417,196,805]" captionTargetId="figure-157@39.[770,867,432,529]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figures 45-53. Male genitalia of southeastern species. The ventral view is shown unless otherwise stated. 45-50) Heterocerus species in the undulatus group. 45) H. undatus. 46) H. collaris. 47) H. texanus; left - ventral view, right - lateral view. 48) H. schwarzi; left - ventral view, right - lateral view. 49) H. tenuis. 50) H. selanderi. 51-53) Augyles and Tropicus species. Figures 52-53 are at roughly 2x relative scale of prior genitalia. 51) Augyles auromicans. 52) Tropicus nigrellus; left - dorsal view, center - ventral view, right - lateral view. 53) Tropicus pusillus; left - dorsal view, right - ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5188384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5188384/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
) of the
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FC68FC5A497919F9" authorityName="Melsheimer" authorityYear="1844" box="[945,1082,930,954]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undatus">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FC68FC5A497919F9" box="[945,1082,930,954]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">H. undatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54F359AC98200B25FB9BFC5A493919F8" box="[1090,1146,931,955]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
; slightly more than two times longer than its greatest width; body of phallobase dominated by median plate; anterior half of median plate gradually expanded anteriorly, anterior edge with a rounded central lobe and dorsal spinelike projections laterally; lateral arms of phallobase greatly reduced and projecting from notches between central lobe and lateral projections on the anterior edge of the median plate; dorsal plate with a bilobed projection on its anterior edge that extends beyond the parameres; parameres membranous, small, bilobed and extending from beneath the rounded central lobe of the median plate. Hypermandibulate males unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C352B48598200B25FF19FB3B49C81C39" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19FB3B4F511FD9" blockId="27.[192,1440,1218,1434]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF19FB3B4C131E99" bold="true" box="[192,336,1218,1242]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FD0FFB3A4E2B1E99" box="[726,872,1218,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwarzi">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FD0FFB3A4E2B1E99" box="[726,872,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">H. schwarzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FC7FFB3A495F1E99" box="[934,1052,1219,1242]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FC7FFB3A495B1E99" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1988" box="[934,1048,1219,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">H. tenuis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
two less common southeastern species. The elytral surface of
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FDF0FB1A4FEA1EB9" authorityName="Pacheco" authorityYear="1964" box="[553,681,1251,1274]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Peditatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FDF0FB1A4FEA1EB9" box="[553,681,1251,1274]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">H. texanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is smoother and has wider pale yellow markings in comparison to the other two species. Male genitalia should, however, be used to separate the three, unless a side-byside comparison with identified material is possible.
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FCE7FADA49721F79" authorityName="King &amp; Lago" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="King &amp; Lago" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[830,1073,1315,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FCE7FADA49721F79" box="[830,1073,1315,1338]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Heterocerus texanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks the long dorsally curved spines seen on the lateral projections of the median plate that are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FBBEFABA49BB1F19" box="[1127,1272,1346,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwarzi">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FBBEFABA49BB1F19" box="[1127,1272,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">H. schwarzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FAEBFABA48E31F19" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1988" box="[1330,1440,1347,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FAEBFABA48E31F19" box="[1330,1440,1347,1370]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">H. tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(compare
<figureCitation id="1373FB8B98200B25FEE0FA9B4CAB1F39" box="[313,488,1378,1402]" captionStart="Figures 45-53" captionStartId="39.[192,286,843,865]" captionTargetBox="[203,1417,196,805]" captionTargetId="figure-157@39.[770,867,432,529]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figures 45-53. Male genitalia of southeastern species. The ventral view is shown unless otherwise stated. 45-50) Heterocerus species in the undulatus group. 45) H. undatus. 46) H. collaris. 47) H. texanus; left - ventral view, right - lateral view. 48) H. schwarzi; left - ventral view, right - lateral view. 49) H. tenuis. 50) H. selanderi. 51-53) Augyles and Tropicus species. Figures 52-53 are at roughly 2x relative scale of prior genitalia. 51) Augyles auromicans. 52) Tropicus nigrellus; left - dorsal view, center - ventral view, right - lateral view. 53) Tropicus pusillus; left - dorsal view, right - ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5188384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5188384/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 46 and 47</figureCitation>
). The latter two species also have a conspicuous plate on the ventral side of the anterior tip of the genitalia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19FA3B49C81C39" blockId="27.[192,1441,1474,1659]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF19FA3B4C541F99" bold="true" box="[192,279,1474,1498]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FEF8FA3A4F541F99" authorityName="King &amp; Lago" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="King &amp; Lago" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[289,535,1475,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FEF8FA3A4F541F99" box="[289,535,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Heterocerus texanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively common throughout
<collectingRegion id="498C29EC98200B25FC18FA3B490A1F99" box="[961,1097,1474,1498]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="498C29EC98200B25FB50FA3B49B91F99" box="[1161,1274,1474,1498]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Alabama</collectingRegion>
. In the study area, this species is commonly collected from the banks of the
<collectingRegion id="498C29EC98200B25FC7AFA1B49681FB9" box="[931,1067,1506,1530]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
River and nearby oxbow lakes. It has also been collected from coastal areas, and occasionally from ponds, swamps and small streams. On two notable occasions, specimens were collected in relatively large numbers from the banks of the
<collectingRegion id="498C29EC98200B25FF19F9BB4C0B1C19" box="[192,328,1602,1626]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
River, along with large series of
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FD0DF9BA4E1E1C19" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1823" box="[724,861,1602,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FD0DF9BA4E1E1C19" box="[724,861,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">H. pallidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Molecular data suggests that these two species are close relatives, although their general morphology would suggest otherwise.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C352B48598200B25FF19F95B4F961D59" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19F95B4FA31C99" blockId="27.[192,1440,1698,1754]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF19F95B4C361CF9" bold="true" box="[192,373,1698,1722]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C489C8D98200B25FEA4F95A4F321CF9" authorityName="King &amp; Lago" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="King &amp; Lago" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[381,625,1699,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Heterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FEA4F95A4F321CF9" box="[381,625,1699,1722]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Heterocerus texanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs from southern
<collectingRegion id="498C29EC98200B25FC51F95A4E8C1CF9" box="[904,975,1699,1722]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Texas</collectingRegion>
north to
<collectingRegion id="498C29EC98200B25FB9AF95A493C1CF9" box="[1091,1151,1699,1722]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Iowa</collectingRegion>
and east to the coast of the Carolinas and south to
<collectingRegion id="498C29EC98200B25FDD6F93B4F2A1C99" box="[527,617,1730,1754]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Florida</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="1373FB8B98200B25FDA0F93B4F911C99" box="[633,722,1730,1754]" captionStart="Figure 66-72" captionStartId="41.[192,275,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[189,1438,191,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-840@41.[787,836,959,983]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 66-72. Distribution by county in the United States. 66) Heterocerus undatus. 67) Heterocerus texanus. 68) Heterocerus schwarzi. 69) Heterocerus tenuis. 70) Augyles auromicans. 71) Tropicus pusillus. 72) Tropicus nigrellus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5188396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5188396/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF7E70E98200B25FF19F8FB4F961D59" blockId="27.[192,725,1794,1818]" box="[192,725,1794,1818]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93C3B1C98200B25FF19F8FB4CA01D59" bold="true" box="[192,483,1794,1818]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
212 (See Appendix).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>