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<document id="6EE20A46D90A494B5645F1C48EFCA070" ID-CLB-Dataset="22494" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4765.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8af5a092-f062-48c7-8d7c-f96ae6282bfa" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3774174" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C442D94C-0EB4-4509-B762-913707214819" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588094957734" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris" docDate="2020" docId="03B2EA640A4546392CFCFE95FA56D4ED" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4765.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4765 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Beesoniidae Ferris 1950" docType="key" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="108" masterDocId="FF8B921C0A2F46522C6BFF8EFFCBD747" masterDocTitle="A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="107" updateTime="1698837970293" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="75ED88F1C918F99D348202FC6592C20F">A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6F8F50FD8332B64E3C013A9C959A7CCE">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B2EA640A4546392CFCFE95FA56D4ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3796762" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163857821" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3796762" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2EA640A4546392CFCFE95FA56D4ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2EA640A4546392CFCFE95FA56D4ED" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<subSubSection id="C30108F90A4546382CFCFE95FDCBD671" box="[151,512,283,310]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCFE95FDCBD671" blockId="106.[151,512,283,310]" box="[151,512,283,310]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382CFCFE95FDCBD671" ID-CoL="622DX" ID-ENA="249420" authority="Ferris, 1950" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,512,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CFCFE95FDCBD671" bold="true" box="[151,512,283,310]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
BEESONIIDAE
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382D01FE95FDCBD671" author="Ferris" box="[362,512,283,310]" firstAuthor="Ferris" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref200713" refString="Ferris, G. F. (1950) Report upon scale insects collected in China (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Part I. (Contribution no. 66). Microentomology, 15, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1950">Ferris, 1950</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30108F90A4546382CFCFEEFFE2DD6F2" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCFEEFFB2CD63F" blockId="106.[151,1436,351,438]" box="[151,1255,351,376]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B7C5C0A4546382CFCFEEFFB2CD63F" box="[151,1255,351,376]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630A4546382CFCFEEFFE51D63F" box="[151,410,351,376]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382CFCFEEFFE51D63F" ID-CoL="395J" authority="Green 1926" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,410,351,376]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CFCFEEFFF3FD63F" box="[151,244,353,376]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Beesonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382C91FEEEFE51D63F" author="Green, E. E." box="[250,410,351,376]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="55 - 65" refId="ref202364" refString="Green, E. E. (1926) On some new genera and species of Coccidae. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 17, 55 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300019088" type="journal article" year="1926">Green 1926, 55</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="54A0E5D00A4546382DC8FEEEFE1ED63F" box="[419,469,352,376]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382E58FEEFFC93D63F" ID-CoL="L6CX" authority="Green" authorityName="Green. Macropterous" authorityYear="1926" box="[563,856,352,376]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dipterocarpi">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382E58FEEFFCDFD63F" box="[563,788,352,376]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Beesonia dipterocarpi</emphasis>
Green
</taxonomicName>
by monotypy and original designation.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCFEF0FE2DD6F2" blockId="106.[151,1436,351,438]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B7C5C0A4546382CFCFEF0FE2DD6F2" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630A4546382CFCFEF0FE0DD6D0" box="[151,454,382,407]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382CFCFEF0FE0DD6D0" authority="Kanda 1941" authorityName="Kanda" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,454,382,407]" class="Bacilli" family="Carnobacteriaceae" genus="Trichococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lactobacillales" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Firmicutes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CFCFEF0FED5D6D1" box="[151,286,382,406]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Trichococcus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382D4EFEF0FE0DD6D0" author="Kanda, S." box="[293,454,382,407]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="68 - 72" refId="ref205327" refString="Kanda, S. (1941) The genus Xylococcus and the genus Trichococcus N. G. from Japan (Homoptera). Insect World, 44, 68 - 72." type="journal article" year="1941">Kanda 1941, 68</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
–72.
<typeStatus id="54A0E5D00A4546382D93FEF1FDE1D6D0" box="[504,554,383,407]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382EECFEF0FC03D6D1" ID-CoL="5CKND" authority="Kuwana" authorityName="Kuwana" authorityYear="1914" box="[647,968,382,407]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="napiformis">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382EECFEF0FCA5D6D0" box="[647,878,382,407]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Xylococcus napiformis</emphasis>
Kuwana
</taxonomicName>
by monotypy and original designation. Junior synonym (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382D5AFE12FE78D6F2" author="Takagi" box="[305,435,412,437]" firstAuthor="Takagi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="27 - 41" refId="ref211624" refString="Takagi, S. (1987) Notes on the Beesoniidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 37, 27 - 41." type="journal article" year="1987">Takagi 1987</bibRefCitation>
, 28).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30108F90A4546382CFCFE52FBA5D354" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCFE52FC06D5EC" blockId="106.[151,1437,476,1691]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CFCFE52FEFDD6B0" bold="true" box="[151,310,476,503]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Introduction.</emphasis>
This family is currently (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382E3BFE53FCB7D6B0" author="Garcia Morales" box="[592,892,477,503]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Garcia Morales" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref201635" refString="Garcia Morales, M., Denno, B. D., Miller, D. R., Miller, G. L., Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Hardy, N. B. (2019) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: https: // data. nal. usda. gov / dataset / scalenet-scaleinsects-coccoidea-database (accessed 12 August 2019)" type="url" year="2019">
García Morales
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382F6FFE50FCF7D6B0" box="[772,828,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
) considered to include 4 genera:
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382880FE50FF19D55C" authority="Green 1926" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382880FE50FA99D6B0" box="[1259,1362,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Beesonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382933FE53FF19D55C" author="Green" firstAuthor="Green" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="55 - 65" refId="ref202364" refString="Green, E. E. (1926) On some new genera and species of Coccidae. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 17, 55 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300019088" type="journal article" year="1926">Green 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382CB5FD8CFD67D55C" authority="Takagi &amp; Hodgson 2005" authorityName="Takagi &amp; Hodgson" authorityYear="2005" box="[222,684,512,539]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Danumococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CB5FD8CFE40D55C" box="[222,395,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Danumococcus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382DF9FD8FFD67D55C" author="Takagi &amp; Hodgson" box="[402,684,512,539]" firstAuthor="Takagi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="11 - 41" refId="ref211814" refString="Takagi, S. &amp; Hodgson, C. J. (2005) A new dipterocarp-associated gall-inhabiting coccoid from Borneo (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 61, 11 - 41." type="journal article" year="2005">Takagi &amp; Hodgson 2005</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382ED3FD8CFC13D55C" authority="Bondar 1929" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1929" box="[696,984,513,539]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Limacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382ED3FD8CFCF5D55C" box="[696,830,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Limacoccus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382F2EFD8FFC13D55C" author="Bondar" box="[837,984,513,539]" firstAuthor="Bondar" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref198230" refString="Bondar, G. (1929) Um novo genero e nova especie de pulgoes da Bahia. (Homoptera, Coccidae, Pseudococcinae). [A new genus and species of aphids in Bahia]. Boletim Biologico, 16, 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="1929">Bondar 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A454638287BFD8FFA9AD55B" authority="Takagi (1992 b)" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="1992" box="[1040,1361,513,540]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Mangalorea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A454638287BFD8FFB52D55C" box="[1040,1177,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Mangalorea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A45463828CAFD8FFA9AD55B" author="Takagi" box="[1185,1361,513,540]" firstAuthor="Takagi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="10 - 32" refId="ref211684" refString="Takagi, S. (1992 b) Mangalorea hopeae, a new Beesoniid (Homoptera: Coccoidea) inducing galls on Hopea ponga in southern India. Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 47, 10 - 32." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="b">Takagi (1992b)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, all recent cladistic analyses that have included
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382EB7FDABFBE4D578" authority="Beardsley (1971)" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityYear="1971" box="[732,1071,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382EB7FDABFCA3D578" box="[732,872,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Gallacoccus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382F05FDABFBE4D578" author="Beardsley" box="[878,1071,549,575]" firstAuthor="Beardsley" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="31 - 39" refId="ref197848" refString="Beardsley, J. W. (1971) A new genus of gall-inhabiting Eriococcidae from Singapore (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 21, 31 - 39." type="journal article" year="1971">Beardsley (1971)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382856FDABFAE6D578" author="Cook &amp; Gullan" box="[1085,1325,549,575]" firstAuthor="Cook" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="441 - 452" refId="ref199531" refString="Cook, L. G. &amp; Gullan, P. J. (2004) The gall-inducing habit has evolved multiple times among the eriococcid scale insects (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 83 (4), 441 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.2004.00396. x" type="journal article" year="2004">Cook &amp; Gullan 2004</bibRefCitation>
; Hodgson
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CFCFDC4FF66D524" box="[151,173,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382CD9FDC7FE0DD524" author="Takagi &amp; Hodgson" box="[178,454,584,611]" firstAuthor="Takagi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="11 - 41" refId="ref211814" refString="Takagi, S. &amp; Hodgson, C. J. (2005) A new dipterocarp-associated gall-inhabiting coccoid from Borneo (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 61, 11 - 41." type="journal article" year="2005">Takagi &amp; Hodgson 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382DBAFDC7FD76D524" author="Gullan &amp; Cook" box="[465,701,585,611]" firstAuthor="Gullan" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="413 - 425" refId="ref202599" refString="Gullan, P. J. &amp; Cook, L. G. (2007) Phylogeny and higher classification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea). Zootaxa, 1668, 413 - 425." type="journal article" year="2007">Gullan &amp; Cook 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382EACFDC7FC1ED524" author="Hodgson &amp; Hardy" box="[711,981,585,611]" firstAuthor="Hodgson" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="794 - 804" refId="ref203953" refString="Hodgson, C. J. &amp; Hardy, N. B. (2013) The phylogeny of the superfamily Coccoidea (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) based on the morphology of extant and extinct macropterous males. Systematic Entomology, 38, 794 - 804. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12030" type="journal article" year="2013">Hodgson &amp; Hardy 2013</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382F8BFDC7FB62D523" author="Kondo" box="[992,1193,585,612]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kondo" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="471 - 91" refId="ref205786" refString="Kondo, T., Gullan, P. J. &amp; Cook, L. G. (2016) A review of the genus Capulinia Signoret Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa, 4111 (4), 471 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4111.4.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Kondo
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382859FDC4FBA8D524" box="[1074,1123,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
) have found that
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382902FDC7FF32D5C0" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382902FDC7FF32D5C0" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Gallacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(previously included in the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382E5DFDE3FD01D5CF" box="[566,714,621,648]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eriococcidae</taxonomicName>
) falls within the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382FE1FDE3FBDCD5C0" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1950" box="[906,1047,621,647]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Beesoniidae</taxonomicName>
. On this basis,
<emphasis id="B96F87600A45463828AAFDE3FA86D5C0" box="[1217,1357,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Gallococcus</emphasis>
(along with
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382CBBFD1FFE39D5EC" authority="Takagi, 2001" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="2001" box="[208,498,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Echinogalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CBBFD1FFE92D5EC" box="[208,345,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Echinogalla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382D34FD1FFE39D5EC" author="Takagi" box="[351,498,657,683]" firstAuthor="Takagi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="51 - 113" refId="ref211775" refString="Takagi, S. (2001) Four gall-inducing eriococcids, with notes on dipterocarp-associated gall-inhabiting coccoids (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae and Beesoniidae). Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 58, 51 - 113." type="journal article" year="2001">Takagi, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) is here discussed within the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382F57FD1FFC02D5EC" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1950" box="[828,969,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Beesoniidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CACFD3BFBA5D354" blockId="106.[151,1437,476,1691]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
All of these genera bar
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382DA7FD38FD99D588" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1929" box="[460,594,694,719]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Limacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382DA7FD38FD99D588" box="[460,594,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Limacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
induce highly characteristic galls on their host plants.
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A45463828D9FD38FAF3D588" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1929" box="[1202,1336,694,719]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Limacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A45463828D9FD38FAF3D588" box="[1202,1336,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Limacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a restricted neotropical distribution, known only from
<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20A4546382EA1FD57FCF7D5B4" box="[714,828,729,755]" name="Argentina" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20A4546382F2CFD57FC45D5B4" box="[839,910,729,755]" name="Brazil" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20A4546382FF2FD57FC07D5B4" box="[921,972,729,755]" name="Peru" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Peru</collectingCountry>
and Venezuella, and feeds exclusively on palms which they can seriously damage (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382E35FD73FD16D450" author="Foldi" box="[606,733,764,791]" firstAuthor="Foldi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="265 - 288" refId="ref200860" refString="Foldi, I. (1995) A taxonomic revision of Limacoccus Bondar with a cladistic analysis of its relationships with other scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 20, 265 - 288. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1995. tb 00097. x" type="journal article" year="1995">Foldi 1995</bibRefCitation>
). Although Foldi’s morphological phylogenetic analysis (1995) suggested that
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382D29FCACFE03D47C" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1929" box="[322,456,802,827]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Limacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382D29FCACFE03D47C" box="[322,456,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Limacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was close to
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382E03FCACFD04D47C" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1926" box="[616,719,802,827]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382E03FCACFD04D47C" box="[616,719,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Beesonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382F61FCAFFC58D47C" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="1992" box="[778,915,801,827]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Mangalorea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382F61FCAFFC58D47C" box="[778,915,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Mangalorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this will only be supported by further work, particularly on the adult male and with molecular studies. Males of none of the four known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382959FCC8FF77D4C4" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Limacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382959FCC8FF77D4C4" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Limacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have yet been described, although nymphal males are known (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382F16FCE7FC36D4C4" author="Foldi" box="[893,1021,872,899]" firstAuthor="Foldi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="265 - 288" refId="ref200860" refString="Foldi, I. (1995) A taxonomic revision of Limacoccus Bondar with a cladistic analysis of its relationships with other scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 20, 265 - 288. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1995. tb 00097. x" type="journal article" year="1995">Foldi 1995</bibRefCitation>
). The other five genera occur in Asia (feeding on
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382D76FC03FE4ED4E0" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[285,389,909,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382DD1FC03FD4BD4EF" box="[442,640,909,936]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Dipterocarpaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20A4546382ED0FC03FCE9D4E0" box="[699,802,909,935]" name="Australia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Australia</collectingCountry>
(on
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382F3FFC03FC1BD4E0" box="[852,976,909,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
). Adult males of many of these have been described (
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382D7FFC3CFCEFD48C" authority="(Kuwana) (Hu et al. 1995)" authorityName="Hu et al." authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Kuwana" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[276,804,944,971]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="napiformis">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382D7FFC3CFE3ED48C" box="[276,501,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Beesonia napiformis</emphasis>
(Kuwana) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382E12FC3FFCD7D48C" author="Hu" box="[633,796,944,971]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hu" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="85 - 91" refId="ref205231" refString="Hu, X., Li, S. &amp; Prokopy, R. J. (1995) Studies on the morphology and taxonomy of the male of Beesonia napiformis (Kuwana) (Coccoidea: Beesoniidae). Israel Journal of Entomology, 29, 85 - 91." type="journal article" year="1995">
Hu
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382EC8FC3CFD18D48C" box="[675,723,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
. 1995
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382F5BFC3CFEABD4A8" authority="Takagi &amp; Hodgson (Takagi &amp; Hodgson 2005)" authorityName="Takagi &amp; Hodgson (Takagi &amp; Hodgson" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Danumococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parashoreae">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382F5BFC3CFBA2D48C" box="[816,1129,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Danumococcus parashoreae</emphasis>
Takagi &amp; Hodgson (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A454638293BFC3FFE93D4A8" author="Takagi &amp; Hodgson" firstAuthor="Takagi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="11 - 41" refId="ref211814" refString="Takagi, S. &amp; Hodgson, C. J. (2005) A new dipterocarp-associated gall-inhabiting coccoid from Borneo (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 61, 11 - 41." type="journal article" year="2005">Takagi &amp; Hodgson 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382D00FC5BFD65D4A8" authority="Takagi" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="2001" box="[363,686,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Echinogalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulata">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382D00FC5BFD97D4A8" box="[363,604,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Echinogalla pustulata</emphasis>
Takagi
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382ED2FC5BFC37D4A8" authority="Takagi" authorityName="Takagi" box="[697,1020,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secundus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382ED2FC5BFC67D4A8" box="[697,940,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Gallacoccus secundus</emphasis>
Takagi
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132047F70A4546382861FC5BFB90D4A8" box="[1034,1115,980,1007]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="109.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[250,1327,196,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[249,1339,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 45. Gallacoccus secundus Takagi. Macropterous male. (Beesoniidae) (After Takagi 2001). Where B and C=apical antennal segment, D=dorsal and ventral view of abdomen, E=side view penial sheath and F=fleshy setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774264/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382804FC5BFA86D4A8" authority="Takagi" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="2001" box="[1135,1357,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigalla">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382804FC5BFB36D4A8" box="[1135,1277,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">G. spinigalla</emphasis>
Takagi
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A45463829EAFC5BFE24D354" authority="Takagi (Takagi 2001)" authorityName="Takagi (Takagi" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A45463829EAFC5BFF36D354" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">G. heckrothi</emphasis>
Takagi (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382D30FC77FE2CD354" author="Takagi" box="[347,487,1017,1043]" firstAuthor="Takagi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="51 - 113" refId="ref211775" refString="Takagi, S. (2001) Four gall-inducing eriococcids, with notes on dipterocarp-associated gall-inhabiting coccoids (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae and Beesoniidae). Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 58, 51 - 113." type="journal article" year="2001">Takagi 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382E43FC77FBCAD353" authority="Takagi (Takagi 1992 b)" authorityName="Takagi (Takagi" authorityYear="1992" box="[552,1025,1017,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Mangalorea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hopeae">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382E43FC77FCCFD354" box="[552,772,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Mangalorea hopeae</emphasis>
Takagi (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A4546382F0AFC77FC32D353" author="Takagi" box="[865,1017,1017,1044]" firstAuthor="Takagi" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="10 - 32" refId="ref211684" refString="Takagi, S. (1992 b) Mangalorea hopeae, a new Beesoniid (Homoptera: Coccoidea) inducing galls on Hopea ponga in southern India. Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 47, 10 - 32." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="b">Takagi 1992b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132047F70A454638287BFC77FBAAD354" box="[1040,1121,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="108.[151,250,2000,2025]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,237,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@108.[203,1385,237,1976]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="FIGURE 44. Mangalorea hopeae Takagi. Macropterous male. (Beesoniidae). (After Raman &amp; Takagi 1992)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774262/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30108F90A4546382CACFB92FCD0D1DC" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CACFB92FCD0D1DC" blockId="106.[151,1437,476,1691]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CACFB92FE01D31C" bold="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
Family diagnosis based on morphology of adult males of
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382FE0FB93FC3ED370" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1926" box="[907,1013,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382FE0FB93FC3ED370" bold="true" box="[907,1013,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Beesonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A454638286DFB93FB72D370" authorityName="Takagi &amp; Hodgson" authorityYear="2005" box="[1030,1209,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Danumococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A454638286DFB93FB72D370" bold="true" box="[1030,1209,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Danumococcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A45463828A1FB92FA93D370" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="2001" box="[1226,1368,1052,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Echinogalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A45463828A1FB92FA93D370" bold="true" box="[1226,1368,1052,1079]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Echinogalla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382902FB92FF30D31C" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382902FB92FF30D31C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Gallacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382D57FBCEFE01D31C" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="1992" box="[316,458,1088,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Mangalorea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382D57FBCEFE01D31C" bold="true" box="[316,458,1088,1115]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Mangalorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132047F70A4546382DB7FBCFFD94D31B" box="[476,607,1089,1116]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 44" captionStart-1="FIGURE 45" captionStart-2="FIGURE 46" captionStartId-0="108.[151,250,2000,2025]" captionStartId-1="109.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionStartId-2="112.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1385,237,1975]" captionTargetBox-1="[250,1327,196,1910]" captionTargetBox-2="[246,1349,189,1917]" captionTargetId-0="figure@108.[203,1385,237,1976]" captionTargetId-1="figure@109.[249,1339,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure@112.[238,1350,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="108" captionTargetPageId-1="109" captionTargetPageId-2="112" captionText-0="FIGURE 44. Mangalorea hopeae Takagi. Macropterous male. (Beesoniidae). (After Raman &amp; Takagi 1992)." captionText-1="FIGURE 45. Gallacoccus secundus Takagi. Macropterous male. (Beesoniidae) (After Takagi 2001). Where B and C=apical antennal segment, D=dorsal and ventral view of abdomen, E=side view penial sheath and F=fleshy setae." captionText-2="FIGURE 46. Beesonia dipterocarpi Green. Macropterous male. (Beesoniidae). Where D=normal fleshy seta, E=hair-like seta, G=bifurcated fleshy setae on antennae, M=spiracle, P=tarsal campaniform sensilla, X=end of style, ventral view, and Y=end of style, side view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774262" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774264" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774266" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3774262/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3774264/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3774266/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Figs 44–46</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382E13FBCFFD7DD31C" bold="true" box="[632,694,1089,1115]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Body</emphasis>
rather elongate, abdomen gradually narrowing to penial sheath;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CFCFBEBFD6AD338" box="[151,673,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">with abundant seta, almost all short, stout fs</emphasis>
; loculate pores absent apart from those associated with glandular pouch.
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382C81FB07FEF9D3E4" bold="true" box="[234,306,1161,1187]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Head:</emphasis>
simple pores absent;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382E49FB07FC5FD3E4" box="[546,916,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">preocular ridge poorly developed</emphasis>
(but extending posteriorly on
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A454638288FFB04FA40D3E4" authorityName="Green. Macropterous" authorityYear="1926" box="[1252,1419,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dipterocarpi">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A454638288FFB04FA40D3E4" box="[1252,1419,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">B. dipterocarpi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); interocular ridge absent; genal setae present; ocelli present or absent, when present almost touching postocular ridge; ocular sclerite without reticulations; postoccipital ridge well developed, with both anterior and posterior arms; antennae short, 4 (
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382D40FB78FE5BD248" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1926" box="[299,400,1270,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382D40FB78FE5BD248" box="[299,400,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Beesonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382DF4FB7BFDEDD248" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="1992" box="[415,550,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Mangalorea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382DF4FB7BFDEDD248" box="[415,550,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Mangalorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) to 5 or 6 segmented (
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382F43FB7BFB8DD248" box="[808,1094,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382F43FB7BFC7FD248" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityYear="1971" box="[808,948,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gallacoccus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382FABFB7BFB8DD248" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="2001" box="[960,1094,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Echinogalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Echinogalla</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
); flagellar segments with both hs
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CDCFA97FE95D274" box="[183,350,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">and short fat fs</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382D05FA94FD9DD274" box="[366,598,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">capitate setae absent</emphasis>
(except
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382EDEFA94FCD1D274" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1926" box="[693,794,1306,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382EDEFA94FCD1D274" box="[693,794,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Beesonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.).
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382F0DFA97FC0CD274" bold="true" box="[870,967,1305,1331]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Thorax:</emphasis>
prosternal median ridge poorly developed or absent;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382D67FAB3FD72D210" box="[268,697,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">prosternal setae often abundant and fs</emphasis>
; prescutum with hs and/or fs setae; scutal setae mainly fs, present laterally and medially; scutellum with or without scutellar setae;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382F04FAEFFA5FD23C" box="[879,1428,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">postmesospiracular setae present, mainly stout fs</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CFCFA0BFDD1D2D8" box="[151,538,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">basisternum with basisternal setae;</emphasis>
metasternum with many setae, mainly fs; metaprecoxal ridge absent;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A454638297BFA08FE4BD284" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">postmetaspiracular setae present</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382DE5FA27FD4CD284" box="[398,647,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">hamulohalteres absent</emphasis>
; alar lobes absent;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382F30FA27FB4BD284" box="[859,1152,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">alar setae probably absent</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A45463828E4FA27FEB1D2A0" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">trochanter with sensoria in a line on each side</emphasis>
; tibial spurs either absent or not differentiated; tibia and tarsi sometimes fused;
<emphasis id="B96F87600A45463828BEFA40FA5FD2A0" box="[1237,1428,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">tarsi 1 segmented</emphasis>
; tarsal digitules setose or capitate; claw digitules capitate, claws narrow with a small denticle.
<emphasis id="B96F87600A45463828F2FA7EFADDD14C" bold="true" box="[1177,1302,1520,1547]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Abdomen:</emphasis>
fs abundant on both dorsum and venter; glandular pouches present or absent (
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382F00F998FBDED168" authorityName="Takagi &amp; Hodgson" authorityYear="2005" box="[875,1045,1558,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Danumococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382F00F998FBDED168" box="[875,1045,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Danumococcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) on segment VIII; glandular pouch setae generally short; caudal extensions absent; segment IX particularly large on
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A454638287BF9B4FB7CD114" authorityName="Green. Macropterous" authorityYear="1926" box="[1040,1207,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dipterocarpi">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A454638287BF9B4FB7CD114" box="[1040,1207,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">B. dipterocarpi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; abdominal segment IX and style fused; penial sheath with few setae, all hs and short; penial sheath broad anteriorly, becoming sharply pointed posteriorly and about twice as long as basal width.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30108F90A4546382CFCF963FB4CD040" box="[151,1159,1773,1799]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCF963FB4CD040" blockId="106.[151,1159,1773,1799]" box="[151,1159,1773,1799]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382CFCF963FB4CD040" bold="true" box="[151,1159,1773,1799]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
Key to genera here included in the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382E27F963FD2BD040" ID-CoL="622DX" ID-ENA="249420" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1950" box="[588,736,1773,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Beesoniidae</taxonomicName>
based on adult male morphology.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30108F90A4546392CFCF8BCFA56D4ED" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="key">
<key id="FF8A0C430A4546392CFCF8BCFA56D4ED" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<keyStep id="30EF43D70A4546382CFCF8BCFA57D023" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCF8BCFA56D000" blockId="106.[151,1437,1841,1893]" box="[151,1437,1841,1863]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4546382CFCF8BCFA56D000" box="[151,1437,1841,1863]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
1. Glandular pouches absent. Antennae 7 segmented;....................
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4546382FA5F8BCFA56D000" authority="Takagi &amp; Hodgson" authorityName="Takagi &amp; Hodgson (Takagi &amp; Hodgson" authorityYear="2005" box="[974,1437,1841,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Danumococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parashoreae">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4546382FA5F8BCFB2BD000" box="[974,1248,1842,1863]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Danumococcus parashoreae</emphasis>
Takagi &amp; Hodgson
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCF8C1FA57D023" blockId="106.[151,1437,1841,1893]" box="[151,1436,1871,1893]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4546382CFCF8C1FA57D023" box="[151,1436,1871,1893]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">- Glandular pouches present. Antennae with fewer than 7 segments.............................................. 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30EF43D70A4546382CFCF804FA57D0B0" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCF804FA57D0FB" blockId="106.[151,1436,1929,2039]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4546382CFCF804FA57D0FB" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">2. Antennae appearing 3 or 4 segmented, with segment III longer than rest of antennal segments combined. Fleshy setae abundant on antennae and legs.................................................................................. 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4546382CFCF84BFA57D0B0" blockId="106.[151,1436,1929,2039]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4546382CFCF84BFA57D0B0" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">- Antennae clearly 5 or 6 segmented, third segment subequal in length to segment IV. Fleshy setae very few or absent from antennae and legs......................................................................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30EF43D70A4446392CFCFF14FA56D64F" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFF14FA57D78A" blockId="107.[151,1437,153,264]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFF14FA57D78A" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
3. Antennae with digitate bunches of fs on segment III. Abdominal segment IX very broad, and style narrow, broadening near apex. Tibia and tarsus fused, without obvious segmentation.....................
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4446392846FF39FA88D78B" ID-CoL="L6CX" authority="Green" authorityName="Green. Macropterous" authorityYear="1926" box="[1069,1347,183,204]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Beesonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dipterocarpi">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4446392846FF39FAC9D78B" box="[1069,1282,183,204]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Beesonia dipterocarpi</emphasis>
Green
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132047F70A4446392924FF39FA5ED78A" box="[1359,1429,183,205]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="112.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[246,1349,189,1917]" captionTargetId="figure@112.[238,1350,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURE 46. Beesonia dipterocarpi Green. Macropterous male. (Beesoniidae). Where D=normal fleshy seta, E=hair-like seta, G=bifurcated fleshy setae on antennae, M=spiracle, P=tarsal campaniform sensilla, X=end of style, ventral view, and Y=end of style, side view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774266/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFF5BFA56D64F" blockId="107.[151,1437,153,264]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFF5BFA56D64F" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
- Antennae without digitate bunches of fs on segment III, fs all separate. Abdominal segment IX only slightly wider than style, latter not broadening near apex. Tibia and tarsus separate, with obvious segmentation..
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4446392850FF7FFA89D640" ID-CoL="3XTY6" authority="Takagi" authorityName="Takagi (Takagi" authorityYear="1992" box="[1083,1346,241,263]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Mangalorea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hopeae">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4446392850FF7FFB30D641" box="[1083,1275,241,262]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Mangalorea hopeae</emphasis>
Takagi
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132047F70A4446392924FF7FFA5ED64F" box="[1359,1429,241,264]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="108.[151,250,2000,2025]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,237,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@108.[203,1385,237,1976]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="FIGURE 44. Mangalorea hopeae Takagi. Macropterous male. (Beesoniidae). (After Raman &amp; Takagi 1992)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774262/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30EF43D70A4446392CFCFEA2FA57D6DD" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFEA2FA57D618" blockId="107.[151,1437,300,410]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFEA2FA57D618" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
4. Bases of antennae almost touching. Coxae narrow, longer than broad. Leg and antennal setae few, but with a few fs on each tibia. Claw with a denticle........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A44463928EAFEC7FA57D618" ID-CoL="38HYT" authority="Takagi" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="2001" box="[1153,1436,329,351]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Echinogalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulata">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A44463928EAFEC7FA9ED619" box="[1153,1365,329,350]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Echinogalla pustulata</emphasis>
Takagi
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFEE9FA57D6DD" blockId="107.[151,1437,300,410]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFEE9FA57D6DD" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">- Bases of antennae about as wide apart as width of each scape. Coxae broad, each about as long as width of coxal base. Leg and antennae with abundant setae. Claw without a denticle....................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30EF43D70A4446392CFCFE31FA57D56A" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFE31FA57D6B5" blockId="107.[151,1436,447,557]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFE31FA57D6B5" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
5. All leg segments with short fat fs. Head very narrow, about a quarter width of prothorax. Scutum with mainly fs......................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4446392815FE52FA57D6B5" ID-CoL="3F6S2" authority="Takagi" authorityName="Takagi (Takagi" authorityYear="2001" box="[1150,1436,476,498]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4446392815FE52FA9DD6B6" box="[1150,1366,476,497]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Gallacoccus heckrothi</emphasis>
Takagi
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFE74FA57D56A" blockId="107.[151,1436,447,557]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFE74FA57D56A" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">- At least coxae and trochanters on all legs without fs. Head at least one third or more as wide as width of prothorax. Scutum with few or no fs......................................................................................... 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30EF43D70A4446392CFCFDDFFA57D5E5" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFDDFFA57D5C2" blockId="107.[151,1436,593,674]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFDDFFA57D5C2" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
6. Dorsal simple eyes about twice as wide as ventral simple eyes. Head more than half as wide as width or prothorax..............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4446392847FDE1FA88D5C3" ID-CoL="3F6S3" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" box="[1068,1347,623,644]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secundus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4446392847FDE1FAC9D5C3" box="[1068,1282,623,644]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Gallacoccus secundus</emphasis>
Green
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132047F70A4446392924FDE1FA5ED5C2" box="[1359,1429,623,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="109.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[250,1327,196,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[249,1339,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 45. Gallacoccus secundus Takagi. Macropterous male. (Beesoniidae) (After Takagi 2001). Where B and C=apical antennal segment, D=dorsal and ventral view of abdomen, E=side view penial sheath and F=fleshy setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774264/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFD03FA57D5E5" blockId="107.[151,1436,593,674]" box="[151,1436,652,674]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFD03FA57D5E5" box="[151,1436,652,674]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">- Dorsal simple eyes subequal in size to ventral simple eyes. Head less than half as wide as width or prothorax............ 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30EF43D70A4446392CFCFD49FA57D450" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFD49FA57D5BD" blockId="107.[151,1436,711,791]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFD49FA57D5BD" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
7. Legs with many short fleshy setae on femur, tibia and tarsus. Glandular pouch setae about as long as penial sheath..................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A444639280AFD6AFA57D5BD" authority="Takagi" authorityName="Takagi" box="[1121,1436,740,762]" class="Insecta" family="Beesoniidae" genus="Gallococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetosus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A444639280AFD6AFA9DD5BE" box="[1121,1366,740,761]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Gallococcus longisetosus</emphasis>
Takagi
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFC8CFA57D450" blockId="107.[151,1436,711,791]" box="[151,1436,769,791]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFC8CFA57D450" box="[151,1436,769,791]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">- Legs either without short fleshy setae or with very few. Glandular pouch setae short, less than half as long as penial sheath. 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30EF43D70A4446392CFCFCB2FA56D4ED" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFCB2FA57D428" blockId="107.[151,1437,828,938]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFCB2FA57D428" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
8. Claws on all legs similar, much longer than basal width. Fleshy setae about 2+ times longer than width.............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A4446392813FCD7FA57D428" ID-CoL="3F6S4" authority="Takagi" authorityName="Takagi" authorityYear="2001" box="[1144,1436,857,879]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Gallacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigalla">
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4446392813FCD7FA9DD429" box="[1144,1366,857,878]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Gallacoccus spinigalla</emphasis>
Takagi
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A4446392CFCFCF9FA56D4ED" blockId="107.[151,1437,828,938]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<keyLead id="30EAF8470A4446392CFCFCF9FA56D4ED" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
- Claw on prothoracic legs short and stout, about as long as wide, much shorter than on other legs. Fleshy setae very stout, almost ball-like, about as wide as long............................................
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4446392843FC1AFB6BD4EE" box="[1064,1184,916,937]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Gallococcus</emphasis>
sp. (in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830A444639288CFC1AFA5ED4ED" author="Takagi, S. &amp; Hodgson, C. J." box="[1255,1429,916,938]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="11 - 41" refId="ref211814" refString="Takagi, S. &amp; Hodgson, C. J. (2005) A new dipterocarp-associated gall-inhabiting coccoid from Borneo (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 61, 11 - 41." type="journal article" year="2005">
Takagi
<emphasis id="B96F87600A4446392945FC1BFA92D4EE" box="[1326,1369,916,938]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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