328 lines
35 KiB
XML
328 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.7717/peerj.9431" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6dd87e4c-4425-49d4-939e-265b2759830f" ID-PMC="PMC7354842" ID-PubMed="32714660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4624210" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_document="2" approvalRequired_for_treatments="1" checkinTime="1594574160579" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Castello-Branco, Cristiana, Collins, Allen G. & Hajdu, Eduardo" docDate="2020" docId="038187DB2E1D3E57A5D09EE3AEFF8A6A" docLanguage="en" docName="peerj-9431.pdf" docOrigin="PeerJ 8" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9431" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Euplectella sanctipauli Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFB8FFA32E1B3E5EA4229A67AC798F16" masterDocTitle="A collection of hexactinellids (Porifera) from the deep South Atlantic and North Pacific: new genus, new species and new records" masterLastPageNumber="e 9431" masterPageNumber="e 9431" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1668138818163" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A collection of hexactinellids (Porifera) from the deep South Atlantic and North Pacific: new genus, new species and new records</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Castello-Branco, Cristiana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Collins, Allen G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hajdu, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PeerJ</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2020-07-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>8</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>e 9431</mods:start>
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<mods:end>e 9431</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9431</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.7717/peerj.9431</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6dd87e4c-4425-49d4-939e-265b2759830f</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC7354842</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PubMed">32714660</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4624210</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624250" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170597763" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4624250" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038187DB2E1D3E57A5D09EE3AEFF8A6A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038187DB2E1D3E57A5D09EE3AEFF8A6A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection box="[498,857,1155,1182]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[498,857,1155,1223]" box="[498,857,1155,1182]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading bold="true" box="[498,857,1155,1182]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">
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<taxonomicName authority="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu, 2020" authorityName="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu" authorityYear="2020" box="[498,757,1156,1182]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sanctipauli" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[498,757,1156,1182]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Euplectella sanctipauli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[765,857,1155,1182]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[498,670,1195,1223]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="6.[498,857,1155,1223]" box="[498,670,1195,1223]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading bold="true" box="[498,670,1195,1223]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[508,584,1195,1222]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[524,589,1463,1485]" captionTargetBox="[498,1541,237,1450]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[498,1532,234,1435]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4 Holotype of Euplectella sanctipauli sp. nov. (MNRJ 17630). (A) Specimen in situ; (B–F) Megascleres: (B) Detail of anchorate basalium (mm); (C) Stauractin (100 mm); (D) Choanosomal pentactin;(E) Choanosomal hexactin;(F) Dermal/atrial pentactin with a tubercle distal ray. Scales:(B) 50 mm; (C) 100 mm; (D–F) 200 mm. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431/fig-4" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4624218/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation box="[646,660,1195,1222]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[524,589,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[498,1534,234,1297]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[498,1534,234,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5 Euplectella sanctipauli sp. nov. spicules. (A) Dermal/atrial hexactin with sword-shaped distal ray; (B) Detail of hexactin sword-shaped distal ray; (C) Graphiocome and secondary rays; (D) Graphiocome without secondary rays; (E) Floricome;(F) Detail of apical portion of floricome secondary ray; (G) Hemioxyhexaster. Scales: (A) 100 mm; (B and C) 10 mm; (D and F) 5 mm; (E and G) 10 mm. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431/fig-5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4624220/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[498,1543,1258,1445]" box="[498,664,1258,1286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading bold="true" box="[498,664,1258,1286]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">Type Material</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[498,1543,1258,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2985770301" collectingDate="2013-04-29" collectionCode="MNRJ" collectorName="E. P. Frazao" elevation="4061" latitude="-28.4033" location="Southwest Atlantic (' Shinkai' submersible Dive 1337 - sample 5 (1), Iata Piuna Expedition" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.9816" municipality="Sao Paulo Ridge" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="MNRJ 17630, urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8688B44F-7CAC-4A5B-8EBE-07400366CA9C" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus box="[498,609,1299,1326]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<specimenCode box="[621,777,1298,1326]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MNRJ 17630</specimenCode>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[789,981,1299,1326]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">São Paulo Ridge</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038187DB2E1D3E57A5D09EE3AEFF8A6A:8EF760162E1D3E58A7C39F74AFA08A40" latitude="-28.4033" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.9816" municipality="Sao Paulo Ridge" name="Southwest Atlantic (' Shinkai' submersible Dive 1337 - sample 5 (1), Iata Piuna Expedition" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Southwest Atlantic (‘Shinkai’ submersible Dive 1337—sample 5(1), Iata Piúna Expedition</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[995,1157,1338,1366]" degrees="28" direction="south" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="1" seconds="11. 88" value="-28.4033">
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28 24
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<emphasis box="[1062,1070,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">′</emphasis>
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11.88
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<emphasis box="[1133,1145,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">″</emphasis>
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S
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</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<geoCoordinate box="[1166,1350,1338,1366]" degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="1" seconds="53. 76" value="-40.9816">
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40 58
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<emphasis box="[1236,1244,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">′</emphasis>
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53.76
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<emphasis box="[1306,1318,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">″</emphasis>
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W
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</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<quantity box="[1369,1462,1337,1366]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.061" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="4061.0">
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<elevation box="[1369,1462,1337,1366]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.061" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="4061.0">4,061 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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depth, coll.
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<collectorName box="[555,690,1377,1405]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E.P. Frazão</collectorName>
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,
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<date box="[703,829,1378,1405]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2013-04-29">
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<collectingDate box="[703,829,1378,1405]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2013-04-29">29.IV.2013</collectingDate>
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</date>
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LSID:
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<specimenCode box="[574,1403,1418,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8688B44F-7CAC-4A5B-8EBE-07400366CA9C</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[498,1542,1480,1707]" box="[498,612,1480,1507]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading bold="true" box="[498,612,1480,1507]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">Diagnosis</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[498,1542,1480,1707]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Only known
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1841" box="[651,775,1521,1547]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[651,775,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Euplectella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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without sieve-plate. Principal skeleton composed by long, smooth stauractins, choanosomal hexactins and pentactins, dermalia/atrialia as hexactins with reduced sword-shaped distal ray with low proclined scales, or reduced as a tubercle (pentactins). Basalia as anchorate spicules with spined shaft and eight teeth on the head. Microscleres:
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[660,676,1680,1706]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">fl</emphasis>
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oricomes, graphiocomes and hemioxyhexasters.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[498,1541,1741,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY. The sponge consists of a delicate, thin-walled tube (
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<figureCitation box="[1468,1532,1741,1768]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[524,589,1463,1485]" captionTargetBox="[498,1541,237,1450]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[498,1532,234,1435]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4 Holotype of Euplectella sanctipauli sp. nov. (MNRJ 17630). (A) Specimen in situ; (B–F) Megascleres: (B) Detail of anchorate basalium (mm); (C) Stauractin (100 mm); (D) Choanosomal pentactin;(E) Choanosomal hexactin;(F) Dermal/atrial pentactin with a tubercle distal ray. Scales:(B) 50 mm; (C) 100 mm; (D–F) 200 mm. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431/fig-4" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4624218/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) bearing a conspicuous surface reticulation, with dispersed oscula up to 4 mm in diameter, and basalia in a single tuft. Holotype (only specimen available), 137 mm long (including 34 mm long basalia/prostalia), 32 mm in maximum diameter.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624218" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4624218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4624218/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[524,589,1463,1485]" targetBox="[498,1541,237,1450]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[524,1517,1463,1573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[524,1277,1463,1485]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Figure 4 Holotype of
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<taxonomicName authority="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu, 2020" authorityName="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu" authorityYear="2020" box="[763,1005,1463,1485]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sanctipauli" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[763,1005,1463,1485]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Euplectella sanctipauli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1015,1101,1464,1485]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(MNRJ 17630).
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</emphasis>
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(A) Specimen in situ; (B–F) Megascleres: (B) Detail of anchorate basalium (
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1045,1058,1492,1514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">m</emphasis>
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m); (C) Stauractin (100
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1290,1303,1492,1514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">m</emphasis>
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m); (D) Choanosomal pentactin; (E) Choanosomal hexactin; (F) Dermal/atrial pentactin with a tubercle distal ray. Scales: (B) 50
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1478,1491,1522,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">m</emphasis>
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m; (C) 100
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[602,615,1551,1573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">m</emphasis>
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m; (D–F) 200
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[749,762,1551,1573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">m</emphasis>
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m. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1473,1485,1551,1573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">fi</emphasis>
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g-4
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[498,1541,1642,1870]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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SKELETON AND SPICULES (
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<figureCitation box="[866,942,1642,1669]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[524,589,1463,1485]" captionTargetBox="[498,1541,237,1450]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[498,1532,234,1435]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4 Holotype of Euplectella sanctipauli sp. nov. (MNRJ 17630). (A) Specimen in situ; (B–F) Megascleres: (B) Detail of anchorate basalium (mm); (C) Stauractin (100 mm); (D) Choanosomal pentactin;(E) Choanosomal hexactin;(F) Dermal/atrial pentactin with a tubercle distal ray. Scales:(B) 50 mm; (C) 100 mm; (D–F) 200 mm. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431/fig-4" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4624218/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation box="[1003,1017,1642,1669]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[524,589,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[498,1534,234,1297]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[498,1534,234,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5 Euplectella sanctipauli sp. nov. spicules. (A) Dermal/atrial hexactin with sword-shaped distal ray; (B) Detail of hexactin sword-shaped distal ray; (C) Graphiocome and secondary rays; (D) Graphiocome without secondary rays; (E) Floricome;(F) Detail of apical portion of floricome secondary ray; (G) Hemioxyhexaster. Scales: (A) 100 mm; (B and C) 10 mm; (D and F) 5 mm; (E and G) 10 mm. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431/fig-5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4624220/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5</figureCitation>
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). Principalia mostly stauractins with rays 2.4–5.9 mm long, 12–17 µm in diameter (
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<emphasis box="[994,1010,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
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= 4), and elongated or rounded ends.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[498,1541,1642,1870]" lastBlockId="9.[498,1515,233,301]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Choanosomal spicules long, smooth hexactins (1.1–5.1 mm long rays (
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<emphasis box="[1328,1344,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
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= 10), elongated or rounded ends) and pentactins (3.8 – 7.6 mm long rays (
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<emphasis box="[1170,1186,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
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= 5), rounded ends). Dermalia and atrialia hexactins with a reduced and sword-shaped distal ray with low proclined scales (0.2–0.3 mm long), and tangential rays with elongated and rounded ends (0.3–0.4 mm long); pentactins with distal ray reduced as a tubercle, and smooth tangential rays (1.9–2.1 mm long;
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<emphasis box="[778,794,1576,1601]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">n</emphasis>
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= 2). Basalia composed of anchorate spicules with spiny shafts, and anchors with eight teeth. The largest spicule (broken) was 8.5 mm long. Microscleres are
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[730,745,1654,1680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">fl</emphasis>
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oricomes, graphiocomes and hemioxyhexasters. Floricomes with spined rays, and eight teeth on secondary rays, this last in number of 10–12 in each primary ray; diameter 110–130 µm, primary rosette 10–17 µm diameter. Graphiocomes observed with secondary rays always broken (68–85 µm long), primary rosette 10–14 µm diameter. Hemioxyhexasters (95–118 µm in diameter,
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<emphasis box="[1124,1140,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">n</emphasis>
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= 4) with two or three unbranched rays (45–50 µm in diameter); branched rays divide 7–10 µm from the origin and have secondary rays of length 10–20 µm (
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<emphasis box="[931,947,275,300]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">n</emphasis>
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= 4). (
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<figureCitation box="[1030,1111,273,300]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[524,589,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[498,1534,234,1297]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[498,1534,234,1297]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5 Euplectella sanctipauli sp. nov. spicules. (A) Dermal/atrial hexactin with sword-shaped distal ray; (B) Detail of hexactin sword-shaped distal ray; (C) Graphiocome and secondary rays; (D) Graphiocome without secondary rays; (E) Floricome;(F) Detail of apical portion of floricome secondary ray; (G) Hemioxyhexaster. Scales: (A) 100 mm; (B and C) 10 mm; (D and F) 5 mm; (E and G) 10 mm. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431/fig-5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4624220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4624220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4624220/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[524,589,1326,1348]" targetBox="[498,1534,234,1297]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[524,1517,1325,1465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[524,1011,1325,1348]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Figure 5
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu, 2020" authorityName="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu" authorityYear="2020" box="[618,839,1325,1347]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sanctipauli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[618,839,1325,1347]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Euplectella sanctipauli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[845,921,1326,1347]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
spicules.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A) Dermal/atrial hexactin with sword-shaped distal ray; (B) Detail of hexactin sword-shaped distal ray; (C) Graphiocome and secondary rays; (D) Graphiocome without secondary rays; (E) Floricome; (F) Detail of apical portion of
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1282,1295,1384,1406]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">fl</emphasis>
|
||
oricome secondary ray; (G) Hemioxyhexaster. Scales: (A) 100
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[894,907,1413,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">m</emphasis>
|
||
m; (B and C) 10
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1072,1085,1413,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">m</emphasis>
|
||
m; (D and F) 5
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1240,1253,1413,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">m</emphasis>
|
||
m; (E and G) 10
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1419,1432,1413,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">m</emphasis>
|
||
m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[524,1517,1325,1465]" box="[1110,1515,1442,1465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431/
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1471,1484,1443,1465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">fi</emphasis>
|
||
g-5
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[498,1542,336,483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. Known only from its type locality, São Paulo Ridge (Southwest Atlantic; 4,061 m depth). The single specimen was collected from soft sediment, apparently the sole megafauna in several meters of terrain, and seemingly devoid of any macro-epibionts.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[498,1508,518,586]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
ETYMOLOGY. The speci
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[802,817,519,545]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">fi</emphasis>
|
||
c epithet is used as a noun in apposition, derived from the species having been found at the São Paulo Ridge (deep SW Atlantic).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[498,1544,621,1404]" box="[498,600,621,648]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[498,600,621,648]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="0">Remarks</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[498,1544,621,1404]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1841" box="[498,622,661,687]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,622,661,687]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Euplectella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comprises 18 species around the world (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Reiswig H & Kelly M." box="[1108,1361,661,688]" journalOrPublisher="NIWA Biodiversity Memoirs" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 170" part="130" refId="ref11070" refString="Reiswig H, Kelly M. 2018. The marine fauna of New Zealand: euplectellid glass sponges (Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosida, Euplectellidae). NIWA Biodiversity Memoirs 130: 1 - 170." title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: euplectellid glass sponges (Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosida, Euplectellidae)" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1108,1361,661,688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Reiswig & Kelly, 2018</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), classi
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1447,1463,661,687]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">fi</emphasis>
|
||
ed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tabachnick KR & Collins AG" box="[498,834,701,727]" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology Research" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="25 - 47" part="4" refId="ref11525" refString="Tabachnick KR, Collins AG. 2008. Glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Marine Biology Research 4 (1 - 2): 25 - 47 DOI 10.1080 / 17451000701847848." title="Glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,834,701,727]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tabachnick & Collins (2008)</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
into four main groups recognizable on the basis of the architecture of their principal skeleton: (1) mainly stauractins, (2) mainly hexactins with a reduced proximal ray and some stauractins, (3) pentactins and some hexactins and (4) stauractins, hexactins, hexactins with reduced proximal ray, hexactins with two reduced rays, tauactins and diactins.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu, 2020" authorityName="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu" authorityYear="2020" box="[941,1206,860,886]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sanctipauli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[941,1206,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Euplectella sanctipauli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1214,1307,859,886]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
should be included in the
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[577,593,900,926]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">fi</emphasis>
|
||
rst group, in addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Owen (1841)" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1841" box="[893,1230,900,927]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aspergillum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[893,1061,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. aspergillum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Owen R." box="[1070,1230,900,927]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="3 - 5" part="9" refId="ref10988" refString="Owen R. 1841. Description of a new genus and species of sponge (Euplectella aspergillum). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 9: 3 - 5." title="Description of a new genus and species of sponge (Euplectella aspergillum)" type="journal article" year="1841">Owen (1841)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Ijima (1901)" authorityName="Ijima" authorityYear="1901" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="curvistellata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1242,1417,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. curvistellata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ijima I." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the College of Sciences, Imperial University of Tokyo" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 299" part="15" refId="ref10390" refString="Ijima I. 1901. Studies on the Hexactinellida: Contribution I. (Euplectellidae). Journal of the College of Sciences, Imperial University of Tokyo 15: 1 - 299." title="Studies on the Hexactinellida: Contribution I. (Euplectellidae)" type="journal article" year="1901">Ijima (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Tabachnick & Collins (2008)" authorityName="Tabachnick & Collins" authorityYear="2008" box="[592,1058,940,967]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gibbsa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[592,698,940,966]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. gibbsa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tabachnick KR & Collins AG" box="[706,1058,940,967]" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology Research" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="25 - 47" part="4" refId="ref11525" refString="Tabachnick KR, Collins AG. 2008. Glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Marine Biology Research 4 (1 - 2): 25 - 47 DOI 10.1080 / 17451000701847848." title="Glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge" type="journal article" year="2008">Tabachnick & Collins (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Ijima (1895)" authorityName="Ijima" authorityYear="1895" box="[1070,1371,939,967]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="marshalli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1070,1213,940,966]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. marshalli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ijima I." box="[1222,1371,939,967]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Magazine" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="93 - 96" part="7" refId="ref10369" refString="Ijima I. 1895. On two new hexactinellida from Sagami Bay. Zoological Magazine 7: 93 - 96." title="On two new hexactinellida from Sagami Bay" type="journal article" year="1895">Ijima (1895)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Herklots & Marshall (1868)" authorityName="Herklots & Marshall" authorityYear="1868" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="oweni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1386,1487,941,966]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. oweni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Herklots JA & Marshall W." box="[498,831,980,1007]" journalOrPublisher="Archives Neerlandaises des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="435 - 438" part="3" refId="ref10335" refString="Herklots JA, Marshall W. 1868. Notice sur deux especes nouvelles d' eponges de la famille des Lophospongiae. Archives Neerlandaises des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles 3: 435 - 438." title="Notice sur deux especes nouvelles d' eponges de la famille des Lophospongiae" type="journal article" year="1868">Herklots & Marshall (1868)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Tabachnick, Janussen & Menschenina (2008)" authorityName="Tabachnick, Janussen & Menschenina" authorityYear="2008" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="paratetractina">
|
||
<emphasis box="[847,1048,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. paratetractina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tabachnick KR & Janussen D & Menschenina LL" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="7 - 68" part="1866" refId="ref11564" refString="Tabachnick KR, Janussen D, Menschenina LL. 2008. New Australian Hexactinellida (Porifera) with a revision of Euplectella aspergillum. Zootaxa 1866 (1): 7 - 68 DOI 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1866.1.3." title="New Australian Hexactinellida (Porifera) with a revision of Euplectella aspergillum" type="journal article" year="2008">Tabachnick, Janussen & Menschenina (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Schulze (1896)" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1896" box="[638,948,1020,1047]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis box="[638,759,1020,1046]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schulze FE" box="[768,948,1020,1047]" journalOrPublisher="Berlin: Abhandlungen der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref11200" refString="Schulze FE. 1896. Hexactinelliden des indischen Oceanes: II. Theil Die Hexasterophora. Vol. 3. Berlin: Abhandlungen der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1 - 92." title="Hexactinelliden des indischen Oceanes: II. Theil Die Hexasterophora. Vol. 3" type="book chapter" year="1896">Schulze (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The present species appears most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1841" box="[498,666,1060,1086]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aspergillum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,666,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. aspergillum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tabachnick & Collins" authorityYear="2008" box="[682,788,1060,1086]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gibbsa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[682,788,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. gibbsa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1896" box="[850,970,1060,1086]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis box="[850,970,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differs from all of them by its possession of anchorate basalia with eight teeth, choanosomal hexactins and pentactins, and dermalia and atrialia including hexactins with a reduced and sword-shaped distal ray, as well as additional pentactins with distal ray reduced as a tubercle. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1841" box="[498,666,1219,1245]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aspergillum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,666,1219,1245]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. aspergillum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having anchorate basalia with six teeth, and diactins;
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tabachnick & Collins" authorityYear="2008" box="[1436,1542,1219,1245]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gibbsa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1436,1542,1219,1245]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. gibbsa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having anchorate basalia with four teeth, choanosomal tauactins and diactins; and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1896" box="[552,673,1299,1325]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis box="[552,673,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by its triactins and diactins. To date, this is the only
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1841" box="[1402,1529,1299,1325]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1402,1529,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Euplectella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species without a sieve-plate, which clearly establishes
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu, 2020" authorityName="Castello-Branco & Collins & Hajdu" authorityYear="2020" box="[1156,1317,1337,1365]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Euplectellidae" genus="Euplectella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sanctipauli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1156,1172,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1188,1317,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sanctipauli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1326,1419,1337,1364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
as a new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |