548 lines
72 KiB
XML
548 lines
72 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9C901AE934F9010482E2E1A079095450">Phylogenetic status of some unique species representing Blapstinina Mulsant & Rey (Tenebrionidae: Blaptinae: Opatrini), and implications for continued study of the subtribe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="04B0A18BCD4A209CE2CD2595B4635123">Kamiński, Marcin Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2EAE8F52960F6E7DC65F1C8541FFA595">Zoological Museum, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00 - 679 Warszawa, Poland & Purdue University, Department of Entomology, 901 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1286 - 950 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="50EB082E455A1A5FBD2F8DD92805E380">Lumen, Ryan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F2A0DDA8FDD493C1856F86C3ED6730C3">Zoological Museum, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00 - 679 Warszawa, Poland & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3958 - 7596</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A7366D859BC37A83C2F901449B902554">Kanda, Kojun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="462A574369785D06AE06B617952A3F9B">USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory, c / o Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, U. S. A. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5561 - 8471</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BBDF096333FFCB62E8F316CBD22D7455">Smith, Aaron Dennis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9D743CA4ADD938DF14ADD777023FEC0A">Purdue University, Department of Entomology, 901 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1286 - 950 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="82E549C547855E6C468A8C3B81ED0E4A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C110E8EB68A6096B51C876261263552C">
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<mods:date id="7D12815175FB52DA760D57BFDDDDF672">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038187A07D09151D7986CFB4FDAFFB44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6204793" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193277085" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6204793" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038187A07D09151D7986CFB4FDAFFB44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038187A07D09151D7986CFB4FDAFFB44" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
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<heading id="D0DF81DA7D09151C7986CFB4FB3EFD28" bold="true" box="[151,1170,654,681]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986CFB4FB3EFD28" bold="true" box="[151,1170,654,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C79FFCFB4FD9CFD29" authority="Mulsant and Rey" authorityName="Mulsant and Rey" box="[238,560,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C79FFCFB4FEFDFD29" bold="true" box="[238,337,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
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Mulsant and Rey
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</taxonomicName>
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stat. restit.
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8910A77D09151C7BD2CFB4FB20FD28" author="Mulsant, E. & Rey, C." box="[707,1164,654,681]" page="195" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" year="1859">
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7BD2CFB4FB20FD28" authority="Mulsant and Rey, 1859: 195" authorityName="Mulsant and Rey" authorityPageNumber="195" authorityYear="1859" box="[707,1164,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7BD2CFB4FC8AFD29" bold="true" box="[707,806,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7A3FCFB5FB20FD28" author="Mulsant, E. & Rey, C." box="[814,1164,654,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="65 - 157" refId="ref9986" refString="Mulsant, E. & Rey, C. (1859) Essai d'une division des derniers Melasomes. Opuscules Entomologiques, 9, 65 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2682" type="journal article" year="1859">Mulsant and Rey, 1859: 195</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332653D7D09151C7986CFEEFAB5FD6C" box="[151,1305,723,748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986CFEEFAB5FD6C" blockId="4.[151,1383,723,778]" box="[151,1305,723,748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
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<typeStatus id="549388147D09151C7986CFEEFF65FD6C" box="[151,201,724,748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7837CFE9FD40FD6B" authority="Mulsant and Rey, 1859" authorityName="Mulsant and Rey" authorityYear="1859" box="[294,748,723,748]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroaeneus">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7837CFE9FE56FD6B" box="[294,506,723,747]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus nigroaeneus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7B10CFE9FD40FD6B" author="Mulsant, E. & Rey, C." box="[513,748,723,748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="65 - 157" refId="ref9986" refString="Mulsant, E. & Rey, C. (1859) Essai d'une division des derniers Melasomes. Opuscules Entomologiques, 9, 65 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2682" type="journal article" year="1859">Mulsant and Rey, 1859</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(=
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7A1ECFE9FBD7FD6B" authority="Solier, 1851" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1851" box="[783,1147,723,747]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Blapstinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7A1ECFE9FC5AFD6B" box="[783,1014,723,747]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Blapstinus punctulatus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7AECCFE9FBD7FD6B" author="Solier, A. J." box="[1021,1147,723,747]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="5 - 285" refId="ref10194" refString="Solier, A. J. (1851) Insectos. Coleopteros. In: Historia fisica y politica de Chile segun documentos adquiridos en esta republica durante doce anos de residencia en ella y publicada bajo los auspicios del supremo gobierno por Claudio Gay. Zoologia. Tomo Quinto. Museo de Historia Natural de Santiago, Paris, pp. 5 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1851">Solier, 1851</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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), by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332653D7D09151C7986CFC8FACBFC8A" box="[151,1383,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986CFC8FACBFC8A" blockId="4.[151,1383,723,778]" box="[151,1383,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986CFC8FF09FC8A" box="[151,165,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">=</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C79B4CFC8FDA6FC8A" authority="Marcuzzi, 1954: 18" authorityName="Marcuzzi" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1954" box="[165,522,754,778]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Austrocaribius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C79B4CFC8FE92FC8A" box="[165,318,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Austrocaribius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7855CFC8FDA6FC8A" author="Marcuzzi, G." box="[324,522,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref9624" refString="Marcuzzi, G. (1954) Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands: no. 22. Tenebrionid beetles of Curacao, Aruba, Bonaire, and the Venezuelan Islands. Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname, 10, 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1954">Marcuzzi, 1954: 18</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7B01CFC8FDC1FC8A" bold="true" box="[528,621,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="549388147D09151C7B65CFC8FD0AFC8A" box="[628,678,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7A12CFC8FB7DFC8A" authority="Marcuzzi, 1954" authorityName="Marcuzzi" authorityYear="1954" box="[771,1233,754,778]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Austrocaribius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7A12CFC8FB85FC8A" box="[771,1065,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Austrocaribius venezuelensis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7D21CFC8FB7DFC8A" author="Marcuzzi, G." box="[1072,1233,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref9624" refString="Marcuzzi, G. (1954) Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands: no. 22. Tenebrionid beetles of Curacao, Aruba, Bonaire, and the Venezuelan Islands. Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname, 10, 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1954">Marcuzzi, 1954</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, by monotypy.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332653D7D09151C7986CE02FA37FCF7" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" type="synonymic_list">
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<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986CE02FA37FCF7" blockId="4.[151,1437,824,1139]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
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<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986CE02FE83FCD2" bold="true" box="[151,303,824,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Composition</emphasis>
|
||
(3 species,
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||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D09151C78AECE02FDABFCD2" box="[447,519,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[205,1382,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[205,1382,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution of Lodinus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964439" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964439/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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||
).
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7B31CE02FD4EFCD2" authorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[544,738,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araguae">
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||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7B31CE02FD4EFCD2" box="[544,738,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus araguae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7BFCCE02FC63FCD2" bold="true" box="[749,975,824,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">stat. et comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(Marcuzzi) (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D09151C7D79CE02FB73FCD3" box="[1128,1247,824,851]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7DE9CE03FA31FCD2" authorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[1272,1437,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Blapstinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus" status="comb. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7DE9CE03FA31FCD2" box="[1272,1437,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">L. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986CE66FEB4FCF6" bold="true" box="[151,280,860,886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26F57DF7D09151C7986CE66FEB4FCF6" box="[151,280,860,886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
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||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D09151C7837CE66FE36FCF6" box="[294,410,860,886]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D09151C78B4CE66FE56FCF6" box="[421,506,860,886]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D09151C7B17CE66FDE9FCF6" box="[518,581,860,886]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Chile</collectingCountry>
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,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D09151C7B41CE67FD1AFCF7" box="[592,694,861,887]" name="Uruguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7BDBCE67FCD3FCF6" authorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[714,895,860,886]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Austrocaribius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venezuelensis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7BDBCE67FCD3FCF6" box="[714,895,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">L. venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7A96CE66FBABFCF6" bold="true" box="[903,1031,860,886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26F57DF7D09151C7A96CE66FBABFCF6" box="[903,1031,860,886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Marcuzzi) (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D09151C7D88CE66FAA0FCF6" box="[1177,1292,860,886]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D09151C7C06CE66FA3CFCF7" box="[1303,1424,860,887]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332653D7D09151C79D6CEBAFB1BFBF2" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C79D6CEBAFCFDFB86" blockId="4.[151,1437,824,1139]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C79D6CEBAFEEDFC1A" bold="true" box="[199,321,896,922]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
While many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C78F2CEBAFDCFFC1A" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant & Rey" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[483,611,896,922]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Blapstinina">Blapstinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
possess overlapping characteristics,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7D1DCEBAFBCAFC1A" box="[1036,1126,896,922]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7D1DCEBAFBCAFC1A" box="[1036,1126,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from other genera through the combination of the following characters: unfused elytra, well-developed metathoracic wings, parameres with truncate apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D09151C7B57CEF2FD25FC62" box="[582,649,968,994]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1675,1699]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,525,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-169@3.[151,1436,525,1651]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phylogeny of subtribe Blapstinina. Figured topology was recovered in maximum likelihood analysis using IQ- Tree. Ultrafast bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) (integers) and posterior probabilities (20 million generations) acquired in Bayesian analysis (decimals) are displayed in red. The three investigated Blapstinina species are displayed in blue. Male genitalia (1–4) of selected species (dorsal views) are illustrated on the left. Topologies of collapsed clades (‘remaining Opatrini’ & ‘Dendarini + Pedininini + Playtonotini’) are fully consistent with those presented in Lumen et al. (2020)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964431/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), and median lobe widely projecting between the parameres with the part visible from above oval-elongate and the apex acuminate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C79D6C92BFB1BFBF2" blockId="4.[151,1437,824,1139]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
Future studies should concentrate on investigating female terminalia within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7D3EC92AFB25FBAA" box="[1071,1161,1040,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7D3EC92AFB25FBAA" box="[1071,1161,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the current study revealed a presence of a hook-like baculus of the 4th coxite in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7AD0C90FFBCDFBCE" authorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[961,1121,1076,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Blapstinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7AD0C90FFBCDFBCE" box="[961,1121,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">L. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D09151C7D61C90EFB64FBCE" box="[1136,1224,1076,1102]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[170,1399,602,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-194@9.[151,1436,597,1836]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology of female and male terminalia of selected Blapstinina species. (A–C) Lodinus punctulatus comb. nov., (D) Lodinus araguae comb. nov., (E, F) Blapstinus tibialis. (A, B, E) ovipositor, (C, F) genital tubes, (D) parameres. Abbreviations: ag—accessory gland, b—hooked baculus of c4, c1–c4—subsequent lobes of coxites, g—gonostylus, sp—sper- matheca, vag—vagina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964437/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ovipositors of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7C97C90FFF58FBF2" authorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araguae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7C97C90FFF58FBF2" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">L. araguae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C783AC963FE4DFBF2" authorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Kamiński & Lumen & Kanda & Smith" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[299,481,1112,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Austrocaribius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C783AC963FE4DFBF2" box="[299,481,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">L. venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not possible to investigate here due to a lack of specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332653D7D09151D7986C99BFDAFFB44" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986C99BFB28FB3A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1184,2038]" box="[151,1156,1184,1211]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
More specific features separating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7B02C99AFDC1FB3A" box="[531,621,1184,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7B02C99AFDC1FB3A" box="[531,621,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7BE3C99AFCDEFB3A" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant & Rey" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[754,882,1184,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Blapstinina">Blapstinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera are listed below:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986C9F9FE63FAA6" blockId="4.[151,1437,1184,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7986C9F9FEBEFB5E" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,274,1219,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Aconobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986C9F9FEBEFB5E" bold="true" box="[151,274,1219,1246]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Aconobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Southwestern US): Densely setose dorsally and laterally fimbriate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7D1FC9FEFA83FB5F" author="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A." box="[1038,1327,1220,1247]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="272 - 280" refId="ref7714" refString="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A. (1985) Redefinition of the opatrine tribes in North America with notes on some apterous genera (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 39, 272 - 280." type="journal article" year="1985">Aalbu & Triplehorn 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7C53C9FEFA30FB5E" box="[1346,1436,1220,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7C53C9FEFA30FB5E" box="[1346,1436,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks dense setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D09151C7884C9D2FD81FA83" box="[405,557,1256,1283]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1498,1522]" captionTargetBox="[163,1434,203,1471]" captionTargetId="figure-27@7.[151,1436,200,1474]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphology of studied Blapstinina species. Habitus photographs and diagnostic features. (A–C) Lodinus punctulatus comb. nov., (D–F) Lodinus araguae comb. nov., (G) Blapstinus tibialis, (H, I) Blapstinus grandis. (B) protarsus, (C) mesotarsus, (D) last 5 antennomeres, (I) apical tip of epipleura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964433/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Fig. 2A, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Parameres of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7BCAC9D2FCFDFA82" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1895" box="[731,849,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Aconobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7BCAC9D2FCFDFA82" box="[731,849,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Aconobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
evenly tapering towards apex (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7DA3C9D2FA82FA82" author="Iwan, D." box="[1202,1326,1256,1282]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="735 - 765" refId="ref8877" refString="Iwan, D. (2004) A comparative study of male genitalia in Opatrinae sensu Medvedev (1968) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with notes on the reinterpreted tribal classification. Part II. Annales Zoologici, 54, 735 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 0003454043651780" type="journal article" year="2004">Iwan 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), truncate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C79F2C836FE91FAA6" box="[227,317,1292,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C79F2C836FE91FAA6" box="[227,317,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D09151C785DC836FE23FAA6" box="[332,399,1292,1318]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1675,1699]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,525,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-169@3.[151,1436,525,1651]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phylogeny of subtribe Blapstinina. Figured topology was recovered in maximum likelihood analysis using IQ- Tree. Ultrafast bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) (integers) and posterior probabilities (20 million generations) acquired in Bayesian analysis (decimals) are displayed in red. The three investigated Blapstinina species are displayed in blue. Male genitalia (1–4) of selected species (dorsal views) are illustrated on the left. Topologies of collapsed clades (‘remaining Opatrini’ & ‘Dendarini + Pedininini + Playtonotini’) are fully consistent with those presented in Lumen et al. (2020)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964431/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D09151C788CC836FE6EFAA6" box="[413,450,1292,1318]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[170,1399,602,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-194@9.[151,1436,597,1836]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphology of female and male terminalia of selected Blapstinina species. (A–C) Lodinus punctulatus comb. nov., (D) Lodinus araguae comb. nov., (E, F) Blapstinus tibialis. (A, B, E) ovipositor, (C, F) genital tubes, (D) parameres. Abbreviations: ag—accessory gland, b—hooked baculus of c4, c1–c4—subsequent lobes of coxites, g—gonostylus, sp—sper- matheca, vag—vagina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964437/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986C815FBCEFA12" blockId="4.[151,1437,1184,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7986C815FE85FACA" authorityName="Mulsant & Rey" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,297,1327,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Ammodonus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986C815FE85FACA" bold="true" box="[151,297,1327,1354]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Ammodonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(North America, Central America, South America, and Caribbean Islands): Covered in flattened, scalelike setae (feature missing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7B03C86EFDC0FAEE" box="[530,620,1364,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7B03C86EFDC0FAEE" box="[530,620,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Mentum with visible median keel and exposed lateral wings. All other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C79D7C842FEE4FA12" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant & Rey" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[198,328,1400,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Blapstinina">Blapstinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C78D5C842FDB2FA12" box="[452,542,1400,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C78D5C842FDB2FA12" box="[452,542,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, characterized by flat mentum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7A93C842FBFAFA12" author="Lumen, R. & Kanda, K. & Iwan, D. & Smith, A. D. & Kaminski, M." box="[898,1110,1400,1427]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="337 - 348" refId="ref9448" refString="Lumen, R., Kanda, K., Iwan, D., Smith, A. D. & Kaminski, M. (2020) Molecular insights into the phylogeny of Blapstinina (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Opatrini). Systematic Entomology, 45, 337 - 348. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12398" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Lumen
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7ACBC843FBA0FA12" box="[986,1036,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986C8A1FD67F9C7" blockId="4.[151,1437,1184,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7986C8A1FEBEFA36" authorityName="Sturm" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,274,1435,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Blapstinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986C8A1FEBEFA36" bold="true" box="[151,274,1435,1462]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Blapstinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(North America, Central America, South America, and Caribbean Islands): Only reliably distinguishable by differences in male genitalia morphology: median lobe within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7ADEC8FAFBE9FA5A" authorityName="Sturm" authorityYear="1826" box="[975,1093,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Blapstinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7ADEC8FAFBE9FA5A" box="[975,1093,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Blapstinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not widely projecting between parameres which are often fused together, and are not apically truncated (contrary to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7DBEC8DEFAA5FA7E" box="[1199,1289,1508,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7DBEC8DEFAA5FA7E" box="[1199,1289,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with widely projecting median lobe and apically truncated parameres) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D09151C7A46CB32FC34F9A2" box="[855,920,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1675,1699]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,525,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-169@3.[151,1436,525,1651]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phylogeny of subtribe Blapstinina. Figured topology was recovered in maximum likelihood analysis using IQ- Tree. Ultrafast bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) (integers) and posterior probabilities (20 million generations) acquired in Bayesian analysis (decimals) are displayed in red. The three investigated Blapstinina species are displayed in blue. Male genitalia (1–4) of selected species (dorsal views) are illustrated on the left. Topologies of collapsed clades (‘remaining Opatrini’ & ‘Dendarini + Pedininini + Playtonotini’) are fully consistent with those presented in Lumen et al. (2020)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964431/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Parameres usually tapering in
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7C13CB32FAC6F9A2" box="[1282,1386,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Blastinus</emphasis>
|
||
(tridentate in
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C782ACB16FDB4F9C6" box="[315,536,1580,1607]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C782ACB16FE04F9C6" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1885" box="[315,424,1580,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Blapstinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">B.grandis</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C78A3CB16FDB4F9C6" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1885" box="[434,536,1580,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Blapstinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">B.tibialis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
species-group).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986CB75FB09F933" blockId="4.[151,1437,1184,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7986CB75FE89F9EA" authorityName="Mulsant & Rey" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,293,1615,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Cenophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986CB75FE89F9EA" bold="true" box="[151,293,1615,1642]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Cenophorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Monotypic; Hispaniola): Fused elytra (flightless). Basal margin of pronotum interrupted in mesal 1/3 (basal margin complete in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7B0FCB4EFDD4F90E" box="[542,632,1652,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7B0FCB4EFDD4F90E" box="[542,632,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), while hind margin of pronotum is medially depressed below plane of scutellar shield (Ivie & Hart 2016). Apex of parameres not truncated (Ivie & Hart 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986CB81FC6FF97A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1184,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7986CB81FDA9F957" authority="(Caribbean Islands)" baseAuthorityName="Caribbean Islands" box="[151,517,1723,1751]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Diastolinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986CB81FEB7F956" bold="true" box="[151,283,1723,1750]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Diastolinus</emphasis>
|
||
(Caribbean Islands)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Clearly separated via rounded (not truncated) apex of parameres and fully fused elytra. See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7852CBDBFD89F97B" author="Hart, C. J. & Ivie, M. A." box="[323,549,1760,1787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="485 - 540" refId="ref8649" refString="Hart, C. J. & Ivie, M. A. (2016 a) A revision of the genus Diastolinus Mulsant and Rey (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 70, 485 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1649 / 0010 - 065 X- 70.3.485" type="journal article" year="2016">Hart & Ivie (2016a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Ivie & Hart (2016) for more details.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986CA39FE8DF80A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1184,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7986CA39FE83F89E" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,303,1795,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Conibiosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986CA39FE83F89E" bold="true" box="[151,303,1795,1822]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Conibiosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Monotypic; Southwest US): Lacks developed flight wings. Dense setal fimbriae on lateral margin of pronotum. With small tubercles on elytral intervals. Further separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7D5ECA12FB05F8C2" box="[1103,1193,1832,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7D5ECA12FB05F8C2" box="[1103,1193,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
through curvature in aedeagus in lateral view; sinuate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7B4ECA76FD58F8E6" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1890" box="[607,756,1868,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Conibiosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7B4ECA76FD58F8E6" box="[607,756,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Conibiosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7A14CA76FB80F8E7" author="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A." box="[773,1068,1868,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="272 - 280" refId="ref7714" refString="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A. (1985) Redefinition of the opatrine tribes in North America with notes on some apterous genera (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 39, 272 - 280." type="journal article" year="1985">Aalbu & Triplehorn 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7D28CA77FB19F8E6" author="Iwan, D." box="[1081,1205,1868,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="735 - 765" refId="ref8877" refString="Iwan, D. (2004) A comparative study of male genitalia in Opatrinae sensu Medvedev (1968) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with notes on the reinterpreted tribal classification. Part II. Annales Zoologici, 54, 735 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 0003454043651780" type="journal article" year="2004">Iwan 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), arcuate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7C53CA76FA30F8E6" box="[1346,1436,1868,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7C53CA76FA30F8E6" box="[1346,1436,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D09151C79DFCA4AFEBCF80A" box="[206,272,1904,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1675,1699]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,525,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-169@3.[151,1436,525,1651]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phylogeny of subtribe Blapstinina. Figured topology was recovered in maximum likelihood analysis using IQ- Tree. Ultrafast bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) (integers) and posterior probabilities (20 million generations) acquired in Bayesian analysis (decimals) are displayed in red. The three investigated Blapstinina species are displayed in blue. Male genitalia (1–4) of selected species (dorsal views) are illustrated on the left. Topologies of collapsed clades (‘remaining Opatrini’ & ‘Dendarini + Pedininini + Playtonotini’) are fully consistent with those presented in Lumen et al. (2020)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964431/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D09151C7986CAA9FE52F876" blockId="4.[151,1437,1184,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7986CAA9FF55F82E" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" box="[151,249,1939,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Notibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7986CAA9FF55F82E" bold="true" box="[151,249,1939,1966]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Notibius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Southwest US and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D09151C78CCCAAEFD94F82F" box="[477,568,1940,1967]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
): Lacks developed flight wings. Dense setal fimbriae on lateral margin of pronotum. Foretibiae expanded and slightly curved (narrow and straight in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D09151C7AE5CA82FBE2F852" box="[1012,1102,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D09151C7AE5CA82FBE2F852" box="[1012,1102,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Aedeagus curvature sinuate in lateral view (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D09151C7864CAE6FE5EF876" author="Iwan, D." box="[373,498,2012,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" pagination="735 - 765" refId="ref8877" refString="Iwan, D. (2004) A comparative study of male genitalia in Opatrinae sensu Medvedev (1968) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with notes on the reinterpreted tribal classification. Part II. Annales Zoologici, 54, 735 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 0003454043651780" type="journal article" year="2004">Iwan 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CDACFD95FE9C" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CDACFF53FF31" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" box="[151,255,150,177]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Conibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CDACFF53FF31" bold="true" box="[151,255,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Conibius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(North and South America): Most plesiomorphic genus among flightless
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7D40CDACFB7FFF30" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant & Rey" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1105,1235,150,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="522" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Blapstinina">Blapstinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and traditionally defined by lack of apomorphies reported for other genera (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7A4FCD80FB28FF55" author="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A." box="[862,1156,186,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="272 - 280" refId="ref7714" refString="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A. (1985) Redefinition of the opatrine tribes in North America with notes on some apterous genera (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 39, 272 - 280." type="journal article" year="1985">Aalbu & Triplehorn 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Male genitalia variable among species currently included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7B73CDE4FCF7FF78" authority="(Iwan 2004)" baseAuthorityName="Iwan" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[610,859,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Conibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7B73CDE4FD6BFF78" box="[610,711,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Conibius</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7BC7CDE4FCF8FF78" author="Iwan, D." box="[726,852,222,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="735 - 765" refId="ref8877" refString="Iwan, D. (2004) A comparative study of male genitalia in Opatrinae sensu Medvedev (1968) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with notes on the reinterpreted tribal classification. Part II. Annales Zoologici, 54, 735 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 0003454043651780" type="journal article" year="2004">Iwan 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Reliably separable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7D6ACDE4FB79FF78" box="[1147,1237,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7D6ACDE4FB79FF78" box="[1147,1237,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
via flightlessness regardless of current monophyly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CC1CFEA3FE08" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CC1CFF58FEC1" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,244,294,321]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Cybotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CC1CFF58FEC1" bold="true" box="[151,244,294,321]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Cybotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Monotypic; North and Central America): Flightless; with dense setal patches on metasternum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7C29CC1CFE2DFEE5" author="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A." pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="272 - 280" refId="ref7714" refString="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A. (1985) Redefinition of the opatrine tribes in North America with notes on some apterous genera (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 39, 272 - 280." type="journal article" year="1985">Aalbu & Triplehorn 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D789ECC70FD51FEE4" author="Morales-Garcia, J. & Lumen, R." box="[399,765,330,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="431 - 432" refId="ref9943" refString="Morales-Garcia, J. & Lumen, R. (2020) First record of Cybotus estriatus (LeConte 1878) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in Costa Rica. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 67, 431 - 432." type="journal article" year="2020">Morales-García & Lumen 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Aedeagal parameres evenly tapering towards apex (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7C72CC70FEAFFE08" author="Iwan, D." pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="735 - 765" refId="ref8877" refString="Iwan, D. (2004) A comparative study of male genitalia in Opatrinae sensu Medvedev (1968) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with notes on the reinterpreted tribal classification. Part II. Annales Zoologici, 54, 735 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 0003454043651780" type="journal article" year="2004">Iwan 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CCA8FA30FE75" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CCA8FF5BFE2C" box="[151,247,402,428]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Goajiria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CCA8FF5BFE2C" bold="true" box="[151,247,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Goajiria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Caribbean Islands and South America): Elytra fused. Similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7AC7CCA8FB9CFE2C" box="[982,1072,402,428]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7AC7CCA8FB9CFE2C" box="[982,1072,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7D2FCCA9FB32FE2D" box="[1086,1182,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Goajiria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7D2FCCA9FB32FE2D" box="[1086,1182,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Goajiria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possess truncate paramere apices. Median lobe of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7B16CC8DFDCBFE51" box="[519,615,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Goajiria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7B16CC8DFDCBFE51" box="[519,615,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Goajiria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not widely project between parameres (Ivie & Hart 2016). Additionally, male mesofemur with patch of golden setae on underside of basal portion in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7D47CCE1FB1AFE75" box="[1110,1206,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Goajiria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7D47CCE1FB1AFE75" box="[1110,1206,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Goajiria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7C23CCE0FA20FE74" box="[1330,1420,474,500]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7C23CCE0FA20FE74" box="[1330,1420,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CCC4FDD8FD05" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CCC4FD1FFD99" authority="(Monotypic, Caribbean Islands)" baseAuthorityName="Monotypic, Caribbean Islands" box="[151,691,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Hummelinckia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CCC4FEE8FD99" bold="true" box="[151,324,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Hummelinckia</emphasis>
|
||
(Monotypic, Caribbean Islands)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Lacks metathoracic wings (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7AFFCCC4FB30FD99" author="Marcuzzi, G." box="[1006,1180,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref9624" refString="Marcuzzi, G. (1954) Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands: no. 22. Tenebrionid beetles of Curacao, Aruba, Bonaire, and the Venezuelan Islands. Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname, 10, 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1954">Marcuzzi 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, according to Marcuzzi’s description, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7B63CF18FD60FDBC" box="[626,716,546,572]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7B63CF18FD60FDBC" box="[626,716,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13132A337D08151D7BCFCF18FCD5FDBD" box="[734,889,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1498,1522]" captionTargetBox="[163,1434,203,1471]" captionTargetId="figure-27@7.[151,1436,200,1474]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphology of studied Blapstinina species. Habitus photographs and diagnostic features. (A–C) Lodinus punctulatus comb. nov., (D–F) Lodinus araguae comb. nov., (G) Blapstinus tibialis, (H, I) Blapstinus grandis. (B) protarsus, (C) mesotarsus, (D) last 5 antennomeres, (I) apical tip of epipleura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964433/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2A, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7A81CF18FB9FFDBC" box="[912,1075,546,572]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Hummelinckia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7A81CF18FB9FFDBC" box="[912,1075,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Hummelinckia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with strongly reduced scutellar shield. Lastly, basal and apical portions of male genitalia (in lateral view) sinuate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7D6CCF7CFA8CFDE0" box="[1149,1312,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Hummelinckia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7D6CCF7CFA8CFDE0" box="[1149,1312,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Hummelinckia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D79D7CF50FEF7FD04" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1890" box="[198,347,618,644]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Conibiosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D79D7CF50FEF7FD04" box="[198,347,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Conibiosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7878CF50FE4DFD04" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1895" box="[361,481,618,644]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Nocibiotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7878CF50FE4DFD04" box="[361,481,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Nocibiotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
&
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7B14CF50FDC8FD04" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" box="[517,612,618,644]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Notibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7B14CF50FDC8FD04" box="[517,612,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Notibius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CFB4FEC8FD4D" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CFB4FDF7FD29" authority="(Monotypic, Caribbean Islands)" baseAuthorityName="Monotypic, Caribbean Islands" box="[151,603,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Nevisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CFB4FF41FD28" bold="true" box="[151,237,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Nevisia</emphasis>
|
||
(Monotypic, Caribbean Islands)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Elytra fused. Parameres sinuate (in lateral view) and tapered apically (Ivie & Hart 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CFECFD1FFC95" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CFECFDE5FD71" bold="true" box="[151,585,726,753]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CFECFE04FD71" bold="true" box="[151,424,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CFECFEBDFD71" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,273,726,753]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Nocibiotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nocibiotes</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D780ECFECFE0EFD71" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1895" box="[287,418,726,753]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Tonibiastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tonibiastes</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D78F4CFECFDE5FD71" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1895" box="[485,585,726,753]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Tonibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D78F4CFECFDE5FD71" bold="true" box="[485,585,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Tonibius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(North America): Lack fully developed wings and possess costate/elevated elytral intervals (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7892CFC0FD0BFC95" author="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A." box="[387,679,762,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="272 - 280" refId="ref7714" refString="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A. (1985) Redefinition of the opatrine tribes in North America with notes on some apterous genera (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 39, 272 - 280." type="journal article" year="1985">Aalbu & Triplehorn 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CE24FBE8FC00" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CE24FF58FCB9" authorityName="Mulsant & Rey" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,244,798,825]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Platylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CE24FF58FCB9" bold="true" box="[151,244,798,825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Platylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(monotypic,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33F76267D08151D789BCE24FD81FCB9" box="[394,557,798,825]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
): Elytra fused (Ivie & Hart 2016). Compared to
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7D56CE24FAA0FCB8" box="[1095,1292,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7D56CE24FB08FCB8" box="[1095,1188,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lodinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7DA1CE24FAA0FCB8" authorityName="Mulsant & Rey" authorityYear="1859" box="[1200,1292,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Platylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Platylus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is well characterised by large body size (10.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CD09B537D08151D7B4ECE78FD6BFCDD" box="[607,711,834,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and oval body shape.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7ACCCE78FB95FCDC" authorityName="Mulsant & Rey" authorityYear="1859" box="[989,1081,834,860]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Platylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7ACCCE78FB95FCDC" box="[989,1081,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Platylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also possess two well-defined apophyseal indentations on pronotal disc (Ivie & Hart 2016), absent in
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7AF3CE5CFBE8FC00" box="[994,1092,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7AF3CE5CFBECFC00" box="[994,1088,870,896]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lodinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CEB0FCC3FC6C" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CEB0FE19FC24" authority=": Characterised" authorityName="Characterised" box="[151,437,906,933]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Trichoton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CEB0FEA5FC25" bold="true" box="[151,265,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Trichoton</emphasis>
|
||
: Characterised
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by curved/bent protibiae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7BF8CEB0FBB9FC25" author="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A." box="[745,1045,906,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="272 - 280" refId="ref7714" refString="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A. (1985) Redefinition of the opatrine tribes in North America with notes on some apterous genera (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 39, 272 - 280." type="journal article" year="1985">Aalbu & Triplehorn 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7D32CEB0FA87FC25" author="Kaminski, M. J. & Lumen, R. & Kubicz, M. & Kanda, K. & Iwan, D." box="[1059,1323,906,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="349 - 370" refId="ref9215" refString="Kaminski, M. J., Lumen, R., Kubicz, M., Kanda, K. & Iwan, D. (2019 b) Immature stages of beetles representing the ' Opatri- noid' clade (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): an overview of current knowledge of the larval morphology. Zoomorphology, 38, 349 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00435 - 019 - 00443 - 7" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Kamiński
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7D8ACEB1FB63FC24" box="[1179,1231,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Densely covered with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2EFD3F7D08151D7875CE95FE7FFC49" box="[356,467,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of setae, forming separated well-defined patches on pronotum and elytra (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7C27CE94FED3FC6D" author="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A." pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="272 - 280" refId="ref7714" refString="Aalbu, R. L. & Triplehorn, C. A. (1985) Redefinition of the opatrine tribes in North America with notes on some apterous genera (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 39, 272 - 280." type="journal article" year="1985">Aalbu & Triplehorn 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D789BCEE8FD29FC6C" author="Kaminski, M. J. & Lumen, R. & Kubicz, M. & Kanda, K. & Iwan, D." box="[394,645,978,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="349 - 370" refId="ref9215" refString="Kaminski, M. J., Lumen, R., Kubicz, M., Kanda, K. & Iwan, D. (2019 b) Immature stages of beetles representing the ' Opatri- noid' clade (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): an overview of current knowledge of the larval morphology. Zoomorphology, 38, 349 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00435 - 019 - 00443 - 7" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Kamiński
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D78EFCEE9FD83FC6C" box="[510,559,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7B80CEE9FCCFFC6C" author="Lumen, R. & Kaminski, M. J. & Crowley, J. & Smith, A. D." box="[657,867,978,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="827 - 856" refId="ref9513" refString="Lumen, R., Kaminski, M. J., Crowley, J. & Smith, A. D. (2019) Revision of the genus Ulus Horn, 1870 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Opatrini: Blapstinina). Annales Zoologici, 69, 827 - 856. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00034541 ANZ 2019.69.4.014" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Lumen
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7BF6CEE9FCB4FC6C" box="[743,792,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986CECCFD22FBD8" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986CECCFEE2FB91" authority=": Pronotum" authorityName="Pronotum" box="[151,334,1014,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Ulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986CECCFF61FB91" bold="true" box="[151,205,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Ulus</emphasis>
|
||
: Pronotum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and elytra covered with setae and bearing lateral fimbriae. Foretibia dilated, ending in a distal ‘tooth’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D780EC920FE5AFBB4" author="Lumen, R. & Kaminski, M. J. & Crowley, J. & Smith, A. D." box="[287,502,1050,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="827 - 856" refId="ref9513" refString="Lumen, R., Kaminski, M. J., Crowley, J. & Smith, A. D. (2019) Revision of the genus Ulus Horn, 1870 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Opatrini: Blapstinina). Annales Zoologici, 69, 827 - 856. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00034541 ANZ 2019.69.4.014" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Lumen
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7869C921FE07FBB4" box="[376,427,1050,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Appears to be only blapstinine with enlarged, membranous field on basal portion of aedeagal tegmen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D78BFC904FD2EFBD8" author="Lumen, R. & Kaminski, M. J. & Crowley, J. & Smith, A. D." box="[430,642,1086,1113]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="827 - 856" refId="ref9513" refString="Lumen, R., Kaminski, M. J., Crowley, J. & Smith, A. D. (2019) Revision of the genus Ulus Horn, 1870 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Opatrini: Blapstinina). Annales Zoologici, 69, 827 - 856. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00034541 ANZ 2019.69.4.014" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Lumen
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7B17C905FD9BFBD8" box="[518,567,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9736B67D08151D7986C958FDAFFB44" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7986C958FEA5FBFD" authorityName="Ivie & Hart. Morphologically" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,265,1122,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Xerolinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7986C958FEA5FBFD" bold="true" box="[151,265,1122,1149]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Xerolinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(North America and Caribbean Islands): Recently erected genus differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C284D357D08151D7D96C958FB4DFBFC" box="[1159,1249,1122,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Lodinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95CEAA47D08151D7D96C958FB4DFBFC" box="[1159,1249,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="524">Lodinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as follows (Ivie & Hart 2016,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B477D08151D7874C9BDFD91FB21" author="Hart, C. J. & Ivie, M. A." box="[357,573,1158,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="524" pagination="885 - 891" refId="ref8705" refString="Hart, C. J. & Ivie, M. A. (2016 b) Two new species of Xerolinus Ivie and Hart (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Opatrini) from Jamaica and the Virgin Islands. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 70, 885 - 891. https: // doi. org / 10.1649 / 0010 - 065 X- 70.4.885" type="journal article" year="2016">Hart & Ivie 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): wings absent or reduced; seventh and eighth elytral striae fused anteriorly. Parameres rounded apically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |