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<document id="34C062A2AA0E65EAFE1D4E5D5ACC4EE1" ID-CLB-Dataset="53643" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="282b16de-15c7-4edc-9b01-9f5897706be9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6413545" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649141098787" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Oliveira, Anabela Silveira De, Pontes, Rodrigo Corrêa, Robaina, Luis Eduardo De Souza &amp; Trentin, Romário" docDate="2022" docId="916987BDFF97FFF5A3E3BE69FA87F2E3" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.542.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 542 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Wigginsia Porter 1964" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="162" masterDocId="6D50FFC5FF9EFFFFA36BBB7AFFD5F23F" masterDocTitle="The Cactaceae family in the Santa Maria river basin (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)" masterLastPageNumber="166" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="162" updateTime="1699319288531" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="275F09AAA6D38C5719170D04F1112E84">The Cactaceae family in the Santa Maria river basin (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="69E21B4409BF27F09C8A02FA11BA3768">Oliveira, Anabela Silveira De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6028DFD988AE4F3849ADCCA1208839D">Centro Universitário da Região da Campanha - URCAMP. Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia / UFSM - Instituto de Geociências / IG / UFSM - Santa Maria, RS. &amp; anabela. biol @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0428 - 9986</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CE6C7338DB2082ED75C44C8E0F86C847">Pontes, Rodrigo Corrêa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="953536EA75E88CC2B1A17BBBE81C30F8">Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia / UFSM - Instituto de Geociências / IG / UFSM - Santa Maria, RS. &amp; rodrigocorreapontes @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2808 - 3835</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B4F7E1164ADF1B64024DBAE1C2DD2899" type="email">rodrigocorreapontes@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6FFB46FDC55DCD4A66404E36F7CD3655">Robaina, Luis Eduardo De Souza</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="06C59B6A03A5C6B81C4AC021BC9D8049" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2390-6417</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7CE241C6310B547FB3407F5505F4874A">LAGEOLAM / UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia / UFSM - Instituto de Geociências / IG / UFSM - Santa Maria, RS. &amp; lesrobaina @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2390 - 6417</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2EF4AF636E68178A0188ED780ACA6DDF" type="email">lesrobaina@yahoo.com.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6D5E56F2A6257F9142FC1B9AB0E6AB93">Trentin, Romário</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="962A00222F31ABA7CC3AFB1DE0075285">LAGEOLAM / UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia / UFSM - Instituto de Geociências / IG / UFSM - Santa Maria, RS. &amp; romario. trentin @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0615 - 2801</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="8D1B02FEF69E2EEB061DC9924F3BFA09">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="D39023703A0CDAD471548BFEC9BB50CA">542</mods:number>
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<treatment id="916987BDFF97FFF5A3E3BE69FA87F2E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415619" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194464364" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6415619" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:916987BDFF97FFF5A3E3BE69FA87F2E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/916987BDFF97FFF5A3E3BE69FA87F2E3" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
<subSubSection id="51DA6520FF97FFF6A3E3BE69FE3BF712" box="[136,494,1299,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF97FFF6A3E3BE69FE3BF712" blockId="9.[136,1164,1299,1361]" box="[136,494,1299,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
<heading id="423781C7FF97FFF6A3E3BE69FE3BF712" box="[136,494,1299,1326]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" reason="4">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A3E3BE69FF48F712" bold="true" box="[136,157,1299,1325]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A3CFBE69FE3BF712" ID-CoL="84VQJ" authority="Porter (1964: 210)" authorityName="Porter" authorityPageNumber="210" authorityYear="1964" box="[164,494,1299,1326]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Wigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A3CFBE69FECDF712" bold="true" box="[164,280,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Wigginsia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A274BE6EFE3BF712" author="Porter, D. M." box="[287,494,1299,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" pagination="210 - 211" refId="ref9525" refString="Porter, D. M. (1964) A New Name for Malacocarpus. Taxon 13 (6): 210 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1216611" type="journal article" year="1964">Porter (1964: 210)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="51DA6520FF97FFF6A3E3BE41FCE2F7E4" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF97FFF6A3E3BE41FB59F76E" blockId="9.[136,1164,1299,1361]" box="[136,1164,1339,1361]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A3E3BE41FF6FF76F" bold="true" box="[136,186,1339,1360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
<typeStatus id="C67B8809FF97FFF6A3E3BE41FF6FF76F" box="[136,186,1339,1360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(designated by
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A238BE41FE20F76E" author="Porter, D. M." box="[339,501,1339,1361]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" pagination="210 - 211" refId="ref9525" refString="Porter, D. M. (1964) A New Name for Malacocarpus. Taxon 13 (6): 210 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1216611" type="journal article" year="1964">Porter 1964: 211</bibRefCitation>
):—
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A171BE46FB5DF76E" authority="(Pfeiffer 1837: 55) D. M. Porter (1964: 211)" authorityName="D. M. Porter" authorityPageNumber="211" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityPageNumber="55" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[538,1160,1339,1361]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Wigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corynodes">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A171BE46FD36F76F" box="[538,739,1339,1361]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Wigginsia corynodes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A184BE41FC40F76E" author="Pfeiffer, L. K. G." box="[751,917,1339,1361]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" refId="ref9397" refString="Pfeiffer, L. K. G. (1837) Enumeratio Diagnostica Cactearum Hucusque Cognitarum. L. Oehmigke, Berolini, 192 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 147375" type="book" year="1837">Pfeiffer 1837: 55</bibRefCitation>
) D.M.
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A0A4BE41FB5DF76E" author="Porter, D. M." box="[975,1160,1339,1361]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" pagination="210 - 211" refId="ref9525" refString="Porter, D. M. (1964) A New Name for Malacocarpus. Taxon 13 (6): 210 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1216611" type="journal article" year="1964">Porter (1964: 211)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF97FFF6A3E3BE02FC53F7AC" blockId="9.[136,1452,1400,2075]" box="[136,902,1400,1427]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A3E3BE02FEB8F7AD" bold="true" box="[136,365,1400,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Species richness:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A206BE03FE08F7AD" authorityName="Porter" authorityYear="1964" box="[365,477,1401,1426]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Wigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A206BE03FE08F7AD" box="[365,477,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Wigginsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes 5 species (
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A1D6BE03FCAFF7AC" author="Hunt, D. R. &amp; Taylor, N. P. &amp; Charles, G." box="[701,890,1400,1427]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" refId="ref8565" refString="Hunt, D. R., Taylor, N. P. &amp; Charles, G. (Eds.) (2006) The New Cactus Lexicon. Dh Books, Milborne Port, 373 pp." type="book" year="2006">
Hunt
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A195BE03FCE3F7AC" box="[766,822,1401,1427]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF97FFF6A3D6BEE6FCE2F7E4" blockId="9.[136,1452,1400,2075]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A3D6BEE6FE02F789" bold="true" box="[189,471,1436,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">General distribution:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A2BCBEE7FD92F789" authorityName="Porter" authorityYear="1964" box="[471,583,1437,1462]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Wigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A2BCBEE7FD92F789" box="[471,583,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Wigginsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is geographically restricted to southern
<collectingCountry id="61D7763BFF97FFF6A768BEE7FB9FF788" box="[1027,1098,1437,1463]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="61D7763BFF97FFF6A73EBEE7FB62F788" box="[1109,1207,1437,1463]" name="Uruguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="61D7763BFF97FFF6A781BEE7FA89F788" box="[1258,1372,1437,1463]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, in Rio Grande do Sul, four species were found in the Pampa Biome.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="51DA6520FF97FFF5A3D6BE9EFA87F2E3" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF97FFF6A3D6BE9EFEE0F4E8" blockId="9.[136,1452,1400,2075]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A3D6BE9EFD1CF7C1" bold="true" box="[189,713,1508,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Distribution in Santa Maria river basin:—</emphasis>
Three species were found, i.e.
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A75ABE9FFDD4F41C" authority="(Lehmann 1826: 17) D. M. Porter (1964: 211)" authorityName="D. M. Porter" authorityPageNumber="211" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Lehmann" baseAuthorityPageNumber="17" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Wigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="langsdorffii">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A75ABE9FFAFBF7C0" box="[1073,1326,1509,1535]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Wigginsia langsdorffii</emphasis>
(Lehmann 1826: 17) D.M.
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A245BD73FDD4F41C" author="Porter, D. M." box="[302,513,1544,1571]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" pagination="210 - 211" refId="ref9525" refString="Porter, D. M. (1964) A New Name for Malacocarpus. Taxon 13 (6): 210 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1216611" type="journal article" year="1964">Porter (1964: 211)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="81FB2A2EFF97FFF6A164BD73FDBDF41C" box="[527,616,1545,1571]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,279,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-58@10.[302,1286,275,1586]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A) Opuntia megapotamica (orange flowers). B) Parodia arnostiana (yellow flowers). C) P. herteri (pink flowers). D) P. linkii (yellow flower). E) P. mammulosa (yellow flower). F) P. nothorauschii. G) P. ottonis(flores yellow flower). H) P. ritteriana(yellow flower). I) P. tenuycilindrica. J) Wigginsiasellowii (yellow flower). K) W. langsdorffii (pale-yellow flower). L) W. turbinata (yellow flower). Pictures by A. S. Oliveira." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415615/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3K</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A117BD73FB3AF41C" authority="(Link &amp; Otto 1827: 425) F. Ritter (1979: 196)" authorityName="F. Ritter" authorityPageNumber="196" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Link &amp; Otto" baseAuthorityPageNumber="425" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[636,1263,1544,1571]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Wigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sellowii">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A117BD73FD20F41C" box="[636,757,1545,1571]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">W. sellowii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A069BD73FBD0F41C" author="Link, J. H. &amp; Otto, C. F." box="[770,1029,1544,1571]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" pagination="24 - 420" refId="ref8897" refString="Link, J. H. &amp; Otto, C. F. (1827) Gattung Echinocactus. Verein zur Beforderung des Gartenbaues in den Preussischen Staaten 3: 24 - 420." type="journal article" year="1827">Link &amp; Otto 1827: 425</bibRefCitation>
) F.
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A74EBD73FB3AF41C" author="Ritter, F." box="[1061,1263,1544,1571]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" refId="ref9733" refString="Ritter, F. (1979) Kakteen in Sudamerika. Band 1. Brasilien / Uruguay / Paraguay. Friedrich Ritter Selbstverlag, Spangenberg, 374 pp." type="book" year="1979">Ritter (1979: 196)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="81FB2A2EFF97FFF6A795BD73FA98F41C" box="[1278,1357,1545,1571]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,279,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-58@10.[302,1286,275,1586]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A) Opuntia megapotamica (orange flowers). B) Parodia arnostiana (yellow flowers). C) P. herteri (pink flowers). D) P. linkii (yellow flower). E) P. mammulosa (yellow flower). F) P. nothorauschii. G) P. ottonis(flores yellow flower). H) P. ritteriana(yellow flower). I) P. tenuycilindrica. J) Wigginsiasellowii (yellow flower). K) W. langsdorffii (pale-yellow flower). L) W. turbinata (yellow flower). Pictures by A. S. Oliveira." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415615/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A6FBBD73FCFAF478" authority="(Arechavaletae 1905: 235) D. M. Porter (1964: 211)" authorityName="D. M. Porter" authorityPageNumber="211" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Arechavaletae" baseAuthorityPageNumber="235" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Wigginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turbinata">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A6FBBD73FF25F478" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">W. turbinata</emphasis>
(Arechavaletae 1905: 235) D.M.
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF97FFF6A137BD57FCFAF478" author="Porter, D. M." box="[604,815,1580,1607]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" pagination="210 - 211" refId="ref9525" refString="Porter, D. M. (1964) A New Name for Malacocarpus. Taxon 13 (6): 210 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1216611" type="journal article" year="1964">Porter (1964: 211)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="81FB2A2EFF97FFF6A055BD57FC46F478" box="[830,915,1581,1607]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,279,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-58@10.[302,1286,275,1586]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A) Opuntia megapotamica (orange flowers). B) Parodia arnostiana (yellow flowers). C) P. herteri (pink flowers). D) P. linkii (yellow flower). E) P. mammulosa (yellow flower). F) P. nothorauschii. G) P. ottonis(flores yellow flower). H) P. ritteriana(yellow flower). I) P. tenuycilindrica. J) Wigginsiasellowii (yellow flower). K) W. langsdorffii (pale-yellow flower). L) W. turbinata (yellow flower). Pictures by A. S. Oliveira." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415615/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3L</figureCitation>
), associated with rocky outcrops and saxicolous vegetation. They are plants of globular to cylindrical habit of
<quantity id="DE389B4EFF97FFF6A02ABD2AFC6FF454" box="[833,954,1616,1643]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" unit="cm" value="13.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="6.0">6 to 20 cm</quantity>
in diameter, densely tomentose in the apex, with tuberculated ribs, bell-shaped yellow flowers approximately
<quantity id="DE389B4EFF97FFF6A001BD0EFC74F4B0" box="[874,929,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
in length, fruits (glabrous) pink or red, hidden by the tom, devoid of trichomes or bristles. Depending on the species, flowering begins in October–December, bearing fruit soon after.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF97FFF6A3D6BD9BFE7FF5B4" blockId="9.[136,1452,1400,2075]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
In the SMRB all species found are endemic to the Pampa (
<tableCitation id="54420310FF97FFF6A033BD9BFC7AF4C4" box="[856,943,1761,1787]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,224,989,1013]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2: Geographic distribution of species found in SMRB in relation to phytophysiognomy, geomorphology and conservation status. Phytophysiognomy: G = Grasslands; SV = Saxicolous vegetation; F = Forest, W = Wetlands. Geomorphology: VH = Volcanic Hills; SH = Sandstone Hills. Conservation Status: EN = Endangered; CR = Critically Endangered; VU = Vunerable; NT = Near Threatened; LC = Least Concern; DD = Deficient Data; NE = Not Evaluated." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4DBF6623FF9BFFFAA3E3B8A7FD6BF695" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" tableUuid="4DBF6623FF9BFFFAA3E3B8A7FD6BF695">Table 2</tableCitation>
) except for four that are also common to the Atlantic forest. Species of restricted distribution are
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A181BC7FFC65F520" box="[746,944,1797,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Frailea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albifusca">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A181BC7FFC65F520" box="[746,944,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Frailea albifusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A0AABC7FFBF3F520" authorityName="Buining &amp; Brederoo" authorityYear="1973" box="[961,1062,1797,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Frailea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lepida">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A0AABC7FFBF3F520" box="[961,1062,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">F. lepida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A75CBC7FFB03F520" authorityName="Buining &amp; Brederoo" authorityYear="1972" box="[1079,1238,1797,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Frailea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mammifera">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A75CBC7FFB03F520" box="[1079,1238,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">F. mammifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A78CBC7FFA70F520" authorityName="R. Pontes, A. S. Oliveira &amp; Deble" authorityYear="2018" box="[1255,1445,1797,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Frailea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythracantha">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A78CBC7FFA70F520" box="[1255,1445,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">F. erythracantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A3E3BC53FEB7F57D" authorityName="Hofacker" authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Lisal &amp; Kolarik" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[136,354,1833,1859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Parodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arnostiana">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A3E3BC53FEB7F57D" box="[136,354,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Parodia arnostiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A21BBC53FDD4F57D" authorityName="D. R. Hunt" authorityYear="1997" baseAuthorityName="F. Ritter" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[368,513,1833,1858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Parodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispina">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A21BBC53FDD4F57D" box="[368,513,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">P. curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A155BC53FD11F57D" authorityName="A. S. Oliveira &amp; R. Pontes" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Lisal &amp; Kolarik" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[574,708,1833,1858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Parodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ritteriana">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF97FFF6A155BC53FD11F57D" box="[574,708,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">P. ritteriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which have populations located only in sedimentary and volcanic outcrops, respectively, within the study region, which proves the need for conservation and a management plan for the species’ occurrence areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF97FFF6A3D6BCEFFBA1F5C8" blockId="9.[136,1452,1400,2075]" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">
The floristic diversity of the family is intrinsically related to the edaphic and climatic conditions provided by the stony springs in the Santa Maria River Basin, which constitute a favorable microclimate of intense luminosity, heat and humidity so that species adapted to xeromorphy such as
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF97FFF6A06BBCA7FCA4F5C8" box="[768,881,2013,2039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
develop in this region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF97FFF5A3D6B37BFA87F2E3" blockId="9.[136,1452,1400,2075]" lastBlockId="10.[136,1451,158,221]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="9" pageNumber="162">Regarding the populations found, it is noted that there is a lack of knowledge about the conservation of species, especially when there is mining in their areas of occurrence, it has been found in the literature that of the 29 species occurring in SMRB, 9 species are critically endangered. (CR), 9 endangered (EN) and 6 are vulnerable (VU).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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