468 lines
60 KiB
XML
468 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document id="8B40380E201CB3652A561F3E23A96656" ID-CLB-Dataset="8791" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4822.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2bbc92ef-c6a7-4e7a-8da8-5f542394fda1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450519" ID-ZooBank="668A9E94-DB24-4AD0-B5D7-1A5D3273FC9F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609333239343" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M. & Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2020" docId="73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4822.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4822 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Synergus confertus McCracken & Egbert 1922" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="8F590C10FFA7FF87FF93A815FF8FFF92" masterDocTitle="Synergus Hartig species group (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from the New World" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698849582065" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="B10F7357E581DA381E96759384520766">Synergus Hartig species group (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from the New World</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="86DFDBC0949074580995B529702D4BE5">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7670848D05B6D6205CFF9BA408742A90">Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0DE5C1BE7FF8142079854095B8606684">Equihua-Martínez, Armando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3734EEF5B1E67581F63DBD39C1CFBB25">Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México & equihuaa @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4392 - 3924</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B0C021E8E3D99393CA93E3313625E2C">Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México & estradae @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1347 - 6369</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="E01B072ACF35E335C0CB5E9476AEC7C7">División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, México & dcibrian 48 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6788 - 0178</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="CD836A369C3F6EFE5A320BC6D8EAC582">División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, México & umbr 757 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2451 - 807 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F8573C676142B603857FF663A7C17CCC">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FC9FE3742564C2331FC2748D4468908A">Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D252CB875FD1A453AFA45C4AD5035CBB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="52F7E9E0CC75D9A51D625514C3A2BB0C">2020</mods:date>
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF04A882FE0EFF23" bold="true" box="[151,385,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
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(
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c–d)
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF04A915FED8FE8A" box="[151,343,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
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. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci. 3 (1): 55. Type material: CAS (
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),
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in CAS and USNM.
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.
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U., Lot. 554, Sub. 261’ (white label) / ‘
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1964’ (white label) / ‘
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FED6A9B8FD95FE55" box="[325,538,429,455]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
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Mc. & Eg.
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(white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘
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<collectingRegion id="390D0B9CFFA9FF89FB26A9B9FAA3FE54" box="[1205,1324,428,454]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
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<location id="FE1693A5FFA9FF89FAA2A9B9FE92FE78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F:FE1693A5FFA9FF89FAA2A9B9FE92FE78" county="Type'" municipality="Access'd" name="Academy of Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="California">Academy of Sciences</location>
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,
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5815’ (white label)
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/ ‘
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|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FCA7A9C4FAD8FE79" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[820,1367,464,491]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FCA7A9C4FB83FE79" box="[820,1036,465,491]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA9FF89FB86A9C5FAD8FE79" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[1045,1367,464,491]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA9FF89FE36A9E0FE10FDE9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622310" collectionCode="CAS, USNM" county="Type'" location="Academy of Sciences" municipality="Access'd" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA9FF89FE36A9E0FD13FD9D" box="[421,668,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FD3FA9E0FD5FFD9D" box="[684,720,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
&
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FD66A9E0FC98FD9D" box="[757,791,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA9FF89FC2AA9E0FC60FD9D" box="[953,1007,501,527]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FB93A9E0FBACFD9D" box="[1024,1059,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA9FF89FBF7A9E0FB3AFD9D" box="[1124,1205,501,527]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FB55A9E0FB66FD9D" box="[1222,1257,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
&
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FA9EA9E0FAA0FD9D" box="[1293,1327,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) with the following labels: ‘
|
||
<collectorName id="563CA0A8FFA9FF89FEF3AA0CFE23FDA1" box="[352,428,537,563]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L.S.Jr.</collectorName>
|
||
U., Lot. 554, Sub. 261’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FCCEAA0CFCF9FDA1" box="[861,886,537,563]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="1217BDF2FFA9FF89FCEFAA0CFC34FDA1" box="[892,955,537,563]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type’</collectingCounty>
|
||
(red label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FBC7AA0CFB33FDA1" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1108,1212,537,563]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FBC7AA0CFB33FDA1" box="[1108,1212,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">confertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Stanford Univ.,
|
||
<collectorName id="563CA0A8FFA9FF89FE5BAA29FDFEFDC5" box="[456,625,572,599]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Coll. L.A.C.M</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1B125F04FFA9FF89FDEEAA29FD6BFDC4" box="[637,740,572,598]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Access’d</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
1964’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<collectingRegion id="390D0B9CFFA9FF89FC72AA29FBD7FDC4" box="[993,1112,572,598]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="FE1693A5FFA9FF89FBCCAA29FAD7FDC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F:FE1693A5FFA9FF89FBCCAA29FAD7FDC4" box="[1119,1368,572,598]" county="Type'" municipality="Access'd" name="Academy of Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="California">Academy of Sciences</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="563CA0A8FFA9FF89FAF6AA28FF4EFDE9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type No.</collectorName>
|
||
5815’ (white label)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/ ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA9FF89FE28AA75FDD6FDE8" box="[443,601,608,634]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FDF3AA74FDFAFDE9" box="[608,629,609,635]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FDEEAA74FB17FDE9" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[637,1176,608,635]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FDEEAA74FCDCFDE9" box="[637,851,609,635]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA9FF89FCC8AA75FB17FDE9" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[859,1176,608,635]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FF74AA90FE84FD0D" box="[231,267,645,671]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
); ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 261’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FC8DAA90FCBAFD0D" box="[798,821,645,671]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘I. McCracken col.’ (white label) / ‘Paratype’ (yellow label) / ‘Ex. gall of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FD0CAABDFCFBFD51" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[671,884,680,707]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FD0CAABDFCFBFD51" box="[671,884,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Andricus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA9FF89FB2CAABCFF23FC99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622309" country="United States of America" county="Paralectotye" location="No." municipality="Eg." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA9FF89FB2CAABCFAA9FD51" box="[1215,1318,681,707]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
<location id="FE1693A5FFA9FF89FABEAABCFADBFD51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F:FE1693A5FFA9FF89FABEAABCFADBFD51" box="[1325,1364,681,707]" country="United States of America" county="Paralectotye" municipality="Eg." name="No." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">No.</location>
|
||
24999
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFFA9FF89FF04AAD8FF47FD75" box="[151,200,717,743]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
N.M.’ (red label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FE34AAD8FDF3FD75" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[423,636,717,743]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FE34AAD8FDF3FD75" box="[423,636,717,743]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
McC +
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1B125F04FFA9FF89FD49AAD8FC8DFD75" box="[730,770,717,743]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Eg.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
’ (white label with a red frame, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<collectingCounty id="1217BDF2FFA9FF89FA9EAAD9FA12FD74" box="[1293,1437,716,742]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Paralectotye</collectingCounty>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FF04AAE4FF23FC99" box="[151,172,753,779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA9FF89FF21AAE4FEC3FCBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622335" collectorName="L. S. Jr. & Lot." country="United States of America" location="Sub." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="262" specimenCount-female="262" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FF21AAE4FD4AFC99" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[178,709,752,779]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF21AAE4FE09FC99" box="[178,390,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA9FF89FE1EAAE5FD4AFC99" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[397,709,752,779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FB8FAAE4FBB4FC99" box="[1052,1083,753,779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); ‘
|
||
<collectorName id="563CA0A8FFA9FF89FBCAAAE4FB2AFC99" box="[1113,1189,753,779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L.S.Jr.</collectorName>
|
||
U.,
|
||
<collectorName id="563CA0A8FFA9FF89FB5DAAE4FB73FC99" box="[1230,1276,753,779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lot.</collectorName>
|
||
554,
|
||
<location id="FE1693A5FFA9FF89FAAAAAE5FAE3FC98" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F:FE1693A5FFA9FF89FAAAAAE5FAE3FC98" box="[1337,1388,752,778]" country="United States of America" name="Sub." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sub.</location>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FAE1AAE5FF23FCBD" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">261 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
’ (white label)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/ ‘
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA9FF89FEFAAB00FDFDFCC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622326" country="United States of America" county="Paralectotye" location="Paratype'" municipality="Beut. Coll." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="FE1693A5FFA9FF89FEFAAB00FE58FCBD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F:FE1693A5FFA9FF89FEFAAB00FE58FCBD" box="[361,471,789,815]" country="United States of America" county="Paralectotye" municipality="Beut. Coll." name="Paratype'" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Paratype’</location>
|
||
(yellow label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FD33AB00FCF9FCBD" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[672,886,789,815]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FD33AB00FCF9FCBD" box="[672,886,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<location id="FE1693A5FFA9FF89FCECAB01FC5EFCBC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F:FE1693A5FFA9FF89FCECAB01FC5EFCBC" box="[895,977,788,814]" country="United States of America" county="Paralectotye" municipality="Beut. Coll." name="Egbert'" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Egbert’</location>
|
||
(white label, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1B125F04FFA9FF89FA8FAB00FA12FCBC" box="[1308,1437,788,815]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Beut. Coll.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
rec’d1939’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<collectingCounty id="1217BDF2FFA9FF89FE56AB2DFDDAFCC0" box="[453,597,824,850]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Paralectotye</collectingCounty>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FDCEAB2CFDFDFCC1" box="[605,626,825,851]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA9FF89FDE9AB2CFBFFFCE5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622327" collectorName="L. S. Jr. & Lot." country="United States of America" location="Sub." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FDE9AB2CFB18FCC1" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[634,1175,824,851]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FDE9AB2CFCDFFCC1" box="[634,848,825,851]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA9FF89FCCAAB2DFB18FCC1" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[857,1175,824,851]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FF79AB48FE86FCE5" box="[234,265,861,887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); ‘
|
||
<collectorName id="563CA0A8FFA9FF89FEBBAB48FEFBFCE5" box="[296,372,861,887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L.S.Jr.</collectorName>
|
||
U.,
|
||
<collectorName id="563CA0A8FFA9FF89FE0DAB48FE43FCE5" box="[414,460,861,887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lot.</collectorName>
|
||
554,
|
||
<location id="FE1693A5FFA9FF89FD98AB49FDB1FCE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F:FE1693A5FFA9FF89FD98AB49FDB1FCE4" box="[523,574,860,886]" country="United States of America" name="Sub." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sub.</location>
|
||
261’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FCB4AB48FCCEFCE5" box="[807,833,861,887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
’ (white label, handwritten)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/ ‘
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA9FF89FB19AB48FAA0FC09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622308" country="United States of America" county="Paralectotye" location="Paratype'" municipality="Beut. Coll." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="FE1693A5FFA9FF89FB19AB48FB77FCE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA9FF88FF04A882FD4FFA9F:FE1693A5FFA9FF89FB19AB48FB77FCE5" box="[1162,1272,861,887]" country="United States of America" county="Paralectotye" municipality="Beut. Coll." name="Paratype'" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Paratype’</location>
|
||
(yellow label) / ‘
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1B125F04FFA9FF89FF38AB94FEA5FC08" box="[171,298,896,923]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Beut. Coll.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
rec’d1939’ (white label) / ‘USNMENT 00960444’ (white label, QR code) / ‘
|
||
<collectingCounty id="1217BDF2FFA9FF89FB17AB95FA9BFC08" box="[1156,1300,896,922]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Paralectotye</collectingCounty>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FA89AB94FAA0FC09" box="[1306,1327,897,923]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FAA4AB94FDCFFC2D" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FAA4AB94FF70FC2D" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA9FF89FE95ABB1FDCFFC2D" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[262,576,932,959]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA9FF89FC09ABB0FC31FC2D" box="[922,958,933,959]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA9FF89FF54ABDDFCA3FA91" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA9FF89FF54ABDDFCA3FA91" blockId="14.[151,1437,356,2039]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF54ABDDFEB5FC70" bold="true" box="[199,314,968,994]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FED9ABDCFDAEFC71" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[330,545,969,995]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FED9ABDCFDAEFC71" box="[330,545,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FCFBABDCFBF3FC70" authority="Gillette, 1896" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[872,1148,968,995]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FCFBABDCFC58FC70" box="[872,983,968,995]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA9FF89FC73ABDDFBF3FC70" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[992,1148,968,994]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref34619" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), from which differs mainly by having the vertex with some small punctures (without punctures in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FBC1ABF8FB30FB94" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[1106,1215,1004,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FBC1ABF8FB30FB94" box="[1106,1215,1004,1031]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); OOL 1.7 times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli (
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFFA9FF89FD81AC04FDDCFBB8" box="[530,595,1040,1067]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5559999999999996" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="in" value="1.4">1.4 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FDC9AC04FD47FBB8" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[602,712,1040,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FDC9AC04FD47FBB8" box="[602,712,1040,1067]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the lateral pronotum dorsally and medially imbricated, weakly wrinkled basally (coriaceous in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FD93AC20FDE1FBDC" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[512,622,1076,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FD93AC20FDE1FBDC" box="[512,622,1076,1103]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the scutellar foveae small, ovate (subtriangular, smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FA8EAC20FA04FBDC" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[1309,1419,1076,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FA8EAC20FA04FBDC" box="[1309,1419,1076,1103]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); metasoma about 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view and with a posterodorsal patch of micropunctures somewhat laterally extended (about as long as high in lateral view and posteriorly without punctures or just with a few, not forming a true patch in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FE56ACB4FDBDFB28" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[453,562,1184,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FE56ACB4FDBDFB28" box="[453,562,1184,1211]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the hypopygial spine almost 3.0 times as long as wide (about as long as wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FF26ACD0FEACFB4C" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[181,291,1220,1247]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF26ACD0FEACFB4C" box="[181,291,1220,1247]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and head yellow, except for a black spot in the ocellar area (dark brown to black in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA9FF89FB63ACD0FAD1FB4C" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[1264,1374,1220,1247]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FB63ACD0FAD1FB4C" box="[1264,1374,1220,1247]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (see the descriptions of both species and the identification key).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA9FF88FF54AD19FD05FC13" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA9FF89FF54AD19FC59FAB5" blockId="14.[151,1437,356,2039]" box="[199,982,1292,1319]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF54AD19FDD8FAB5" bold="true" box="[199,599,1292,1319]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Redescription. FEMALE. Length</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length 1.5–2.0 mm (n = 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA9FF89FF54AD25FD9FFA00" blockId="14.[151,1437,356,2039]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF54AD25FE84FAD8" bold="true" box="[199,267,1328,1354]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Color</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA9FF89FE89AD25FED2FAD9" box="[282,349,1328,1355]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
c–d). Black to rufous with yellowish areas. Head yellow, except for a dark spot in the ocellar area. Antennae yellow. Mesosoma black, tegulae yellow. Metasoma rufous, dorsally and posteriorly darker. Legs yellow. Wings hyaline, veins pale yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA9FF89FF54AD88FD39F945" blockId="14.[151,1437,356,2039]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF54AD88FE88FA25" bold="true" box="[199,263,1437,1463]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. In frontal view, about 1.1 times as wide as high, genae very slightly expanded behind compound eyes. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with striae radiating from clypeus. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin slightly projected over mandibles. Malar space almost 0.6 times as long as height of compound eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line about as long as height of compound eye. Toruli situated mid-height of compound eye; distance between torulus and compound eye slightly shorter than diameter of torulus; distance between toruli shorter than diameter of toruli. Frons coriaceous, without punctures; frontal carinae very short and narrow, not reaching lateral ocelli. Head in dorsal view is about 2.1 times as wide as long. Vertex coriaceous, with scattered small piliferous punctures. POL: OOL: LOL = 18: 10: 9 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 6. Occiput coriaceous, without punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA9FF89FDC6AEA9FD26F945" box="[597,681,1724,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA9FF89FF54AEF5FB61F8F4" blockId="14.[151,1437,356,2039]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF54AEF5FEB5F968" bold="true" box="[199,314,1760,1786]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
. 14-segmented, according to the original description (antennae of all the examined specimens are broken). Scape plus pedicel about 1.3 times as long as F1; pedicel 1.7 times as long as wide; F1 about 1.2 times as long as F2, F2 to F6 subequal and following segments progressively shorter, according to the original description. Last flagellar segment about twice as long as the penultimate, according to the original description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA9FF88FF54AF64FDB3FE3F" blockId="14.[151,1437,356,2039]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA9FF89FF54AF64FECAF819" bold="true" box="[199,325,1905,1931]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
. About 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view, including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA9FF89FF7BAF81FEB2F83D" box="[232,317,1940,1967]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.41. Pronotal plate indistinct. Lateral pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA9FF89FF33AFADFF7EF841" box="[160,241,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
) imbricated dorsally and medially, wrinkled basally; lateral margins of pronotum rounded, without lateral carina. Mesoscutum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA9FF89FE1DAFC9FE6CF865" box="[398,483,2012,2039]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
) about as wide as long, finely coriaceous to imbricated, with weak, discontinuous transversal elements; anterior grooves weakly impressed, extended 1/4 of the mesoscutal length. Notauli incomplete, faint in the anterior 1/3 (sometimes only visible in the distal half of the mesoscutum). Median groove absent. Parapsidal grooves weakly impressed, narrow, reaching tegulae. Scutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA8FF88FB9AA8CAFBD1FF68" box="[1033,1118,223,250]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
) rounded, about as long as wide, wrinkled; circumscutellar carina weak, obscured by wrinkles; scutellar foveae small, ovate, shallow, smooth, not well defined posteriorly and separated by a narrow carina. Mesopleurae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA8FF88FC6EA932FBC1FED3" box="[1021,1102,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
) regularly and densely striate basally and medially, speculum smooth; little pubescent basally. Metapleural sulcus reaching 3/4 of mesopleural height. Propodeum pubescent and weakly sculptured; propodeal carinae slightly curved and convergent posteriorly. Nucha sulcated dorsally and laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF54A9A2FD36FE43" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,697,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF54A9A2FF70FE43" bold="true" box="[199,255,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Tarsal claws with a strong basal tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF54A9CFFE02FDAF" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF54A9CFFE9CFE66" bold="true" box="[199,275,474,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
. Fore wings pubescent with short marginal setae, longer than body length. Radial cell closed and 2.4 times as long as wide; areolet inconspicuous. Rs+M inconspicuous, not reaching the basal vein. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF54AA52FCDDFD63" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF54AA52FECCFDF3" bold="true" box="[199,323,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
. About as long as head plus mesosoma, about 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA8FF88FA96AA52FAD8FDF3" box="[1285,1367,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
). First metasomal segment weakly sulcated dorsally and laterally, with furrows reaching only the half of the segment. Syntergite smooth, anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae and with a posterodorsal patch of micropunctures somewhat extended laterally; not dorsodistally incised, very slightly pointed. Hypopygial spine about 2.7 times as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF54AAEFFD05FC13" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF54AAEFFEADFC86" bold="true" box="[199,290,762,788]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">MALE.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to female, except for the following morphological traits: body length
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFFA8FF88FB06AAEFFB63FC87" box="[1173,1260,762,789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 2). Antennae 15-segmented (according to the original description); F1 about 1.4 times as long as F2; F1 not curved, medially incised, long, expanded basally and apically. Malar space about 0.5 times as long as height of compound eye. Metasoma shorter than head plus metasoma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA8FF88FF54AB9FFA13FC37" box="[199,1436,906,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF54AB9FFA13FC37" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,1436,906,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF54AB9FFEC0FC36" bold="true" box="[199,335,906,932]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFFA8FF88FECFAB9EFE1CFC37" box="[348,403,907,933]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Stanford University campus, Santa Clara County, state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="390D0B9CFFA8FF88FC6BAB9EFBEDFC37" box="[1016,1122,907,933]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FBFCAB9EFA1FFC37" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[1135,1424,907,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA8FF88FF54ABBBFDCEFC7F" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF54ABBBFDCEFC7F" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF54ABBBFEAEFC5A" bold="true" box="[199,289,942,968]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Reared from galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FD8AABBAFBA7FC5B" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[537,1064,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FD8AABBAFD62FC5B" box="[537,749,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Andricus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FD60ABBAFBA7FC5B" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[755,1064,943,969]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FBC3ABBAFAA0FC5B" authority="Nee" authorityName="Nee" authorityYear="1801" box="[1104,1327,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FBC3ABBAFB73FC5B" box="[1104,1276,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Quercus lobata</emphasis>
|
||
Née
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FAADABBAFA13FC5B" box="[1342,1436,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FAADABBAFA13FC5B" box="[1342,1436,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
section) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FF6DABC6FDBBFC7F" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[254,564,979,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA8FF88FF54ABE2FD4FFA9F" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF54ABE2FCB5FB57" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF54ABE2FEBBFB83" bold="true" box="[199,308,1015,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FED1ABE2FD98FB83" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[322,535,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FED1ABE2FD98FB83" box="[322,535,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus confertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FCE5ABE3FC16FB83" box="[886,921,1014,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FC42ABE2FC7CFB83" box="[977,1011,1015,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FB91ABE2FAEBFB83" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[1026,1380,1014,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert 1922: 56</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We located and examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FE05AC0EFE36FBA7" box="[406,441,1051,1077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FE61AC0EFD9AFBA7" box="[498,533,1051,1077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
belonging to the type series:
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FCF4AC0EFC05FBA7" box="[871,906,1051,1077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FC50AC0EFC69FBA7" box="[963,998,1051,1077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
deposited in CAS with a ‘Type’ label, and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FF54AC2AFF65FBCB" box="[199,234,1087,1113]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FEB3AC2AFECCFBCB" box="[288,323,1087,1113]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
deposited in USNM. The authors state that the ‘Type’ was deposited at the Stanford Entomological Museum, later absorbed by CAS; however, in the published ‘Type’ section they do not specify any specimen data details except for the type depository of this species. As a result, and since the descriptors did not designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FAF2AC92FF45FB57" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, a
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FF7AACBEFEDFFB57" box="[233,336,1195,1221]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has been designated and deposited in CAS.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF54ACDAFD4FFA9F" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
According to the original description,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FDE2ACDAFD7AFB7B" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[625,757,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FDE2ACDAFD7AFB7B" box="[625,757,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">S. confertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the last tarsal segments black or darkened; however, this trait is not noticeable in the examined specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |