treatments-xml/data/32/00/84/320084D1EB54F6881E393C1A7242B1A5.xml
2024-06-21 12:33:01 +02:00

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.64.25453" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc3b2884-8805-41cf-9dc0-65e11aa9d776" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-64-25" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFB89E571131B424FFEA6468C760FFF4" ID-ZBK="A27707E3673148319A0BAAB6C2CD1412" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1303466" ID-ZooBank="A27707E3673148319A0BAAB6C2CD1412" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2607-64-25" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research " ModsDocTitle="Seventeen new genera of microgastrine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from tropical areas of the world" checkinTime="1553125430822" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fernandez-Triana, Jose L &amp; Boudreault, Caroline" docDate="2018" docId="320084D1EB54F6881E393C1A7242B1A5" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 64: 25-140" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 64" docPubDate="2018-06-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.64.25453" docTitle="Ypsilonigaster Fernandez-Triana 2018, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="9C952BD1-1664-4EA7-8D80-23B1677E63EA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="FFB89E571131B424FFEA6468C760FFF4" lastPageNumber="106" masterDocId="FFB89E571131B424FFEA6468C760FFF4" masterDocTitle="Seventeen new genera of microgastrine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from tropical areas of the world" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1678750774343" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Seventeen new genera of microgastrine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from tropical areas of the world</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fernandez-Triana, Jose L</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Canadian National Collection of insects, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cnc.braconidae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Boudreault, Caroline</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-2626</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Canadian National Collection of insects, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-06-25</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>64</mods:number>
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<mods:start>25</mods:start>
<mods:end>140</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.64.25453</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.64.25453</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-64-25</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473023" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9C952BD1-1664-4EA7-8D80-23B1677E63EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/320084D1EB54F6881E393C1A7242B1A5" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">
<subSubSection pageId="80" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="105">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/9C952BD1-1664-4EA7-8D80-23B1677E63EA" authority="Fernandez-Triana" authorityName="Fernandez-Triana" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ypsilonigaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ypsilonigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">Ypsilonigaster Fernandez-Triana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="80" pageNumber="105">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="80" pageNumber="105" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="105">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="105">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernandez-Triana &amp; Boudreault" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ypsilonigaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ypsilonigaster tiger" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiger">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">Ypsilonigaster tiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Fernandez-Triana &amp; Boudreault, here designated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="80" pageNumber="105" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="105">Diagnostic description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">
Face with strong sulcus medially near antennal base. Scutellar disc flat, entirely smooth, and shiny (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Ypsilonigaster naturalis female holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing D Head and mesosoma, dorsal E Metasoma dorsal F Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212182" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">41D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Ypsilonigaster sharkeyi male holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing D Metasoma dorsal E Head and mesosoma, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212184" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">43E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Ypsilonigaster tiger female holotype. A Habitus B Tergite 1 C Mesosoma dorsal D Mesosoma lateral E Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212185" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">44C, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Ypsilonigaster zuparkoi male holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing and hind wing D Metasoma dorsal E Genitalia F Metatibia G Head and mesosoma, dorsal H Tergites 1 to 2." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212186" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">45G</figureCitation>
). Propodeum mostly smooth but with strong median carina (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Ypsilonigaster naturalis female holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing D Head and mesosoma, dorsal E Metasoma dorsal F Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212182" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">41D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Ypsilonigaster sharkeyi male holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing D Metasoma dorsal E Head and mesosoma, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212184" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">43E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Ypsilonigaster tiger female holotype. A Habitus B Tergite 1 C Mesosoma dorsal D Mesosoma lateral E Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212185" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">44E</figureCitation>
). Fore wing with small, slit-shaped areolet. Metatibia with short, stout spines dorsally. T1 divided in three areas by a strong sulcus shaped as an inverted
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Y”">&quot;Y&quot;</normalizedToken>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Ypsilonigaster bumbana holotype based on modified drawings from the original descriptions of the species (de Saeger 1942). A Fore wing B Tergites 1 to 3." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212181" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">40B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Ypsilonigaster naturalis female holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing D Head and mesosoma, dorsal E Metasoma dorsal F Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212182" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">41E, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Ypsilonigaster pteroloba holotype based on modified drawings from the original descriptions of the species (de Saeger 1944). A Tergites 1 to 3 B Fore wing details of pterostigma and nearby veins C Hypopygium, ovipositor and ovipositor sheaths." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212183" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">42A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Ypsilonigaster sharkeyi male holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing D Metasoma dorsal E Head and mesosoma, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212184" pageId="80" pageNumber="105">43D</figureCitation>
,
<pageBreakToken pageId="81" pageNumber="106" start="start">E</pageBreakToken>
, 44B-C, E, 45D, H). Hypopygium unfolded and inflexible (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Ypsilonigaster naturalis female holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing D Head and mesosoma, dorsal E Metasoma dorsal F Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212182" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">41A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Ypsilonigaster pteroloba holotype based on modified drawings from the original descriptions of the species (de Saeger 1944). A Tergites 1 to 3 B Fore wing details of pterostigma and nearby veins C Hypopygium, ovipositor and ovipositor sheaths." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212183" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">42C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Ypsilonigaster tiger female holotype. A Habitus B Tergite 1 C Mesosoma dorsal D Mesosoma lateral E Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212185" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">44A</figureCitation>
). Ovipositor relatively strongly curved downwards (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Ypsilonigaster naturalis female holotype. A Habitus B Head frontal C Fore wing D Head and mesosoma, dorsal E Metasoma dorsal F Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212182" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">41A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Ypsilonigaster pteroloba holotype based on modified drawings from the original descriptions of the species (de Saeger 1944). A Tergites 1 to 3 B Fore wing details of pterostigma and nearby veins C Hypopygium, ovipositor and ovipositor sheaths." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212183" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">42C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Ypsilonigaster tiger female holotype. A Habitus B Tergite 1 C Mesosoma dorsal D Mesosoma lateral E Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212185" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">44A</figureCitation>
). Ovipositor sheaths thoroughly covered by setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Ypsilonigaster tiger female holotype. A Habitus B Tergite 1 C Mesosoma dorsal D Mesosoma lateral E Propodeum." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.64.25453.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212185" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">44A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="81" pageNumber="106" type="putative autapomorphies and potentially related genera">
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Putative autapomorphies and potentially related genera.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernandez-Triana" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ypsilonigaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ypsilonigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Ypsilonigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has T1 divided in three areas by a strong sulcus shaped as an inverted
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Y”">&quot;Y&quot;</normalizedToken>
, a unique feature within
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="81" pageNumber="106" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microgastrinae">Microgastrinae</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernandez-Triana" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ypsilonigaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ypsilonigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Ypsilonigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be related to other Old World genera with strong median carina on propodeum, fore wing areolet, and relatively long ovipositor sheaths (e.g.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Choeras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Choeras" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Choeras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l., see Discussion below), but differs from most of those genera by having an unfolded and inflexible hypopygium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="81" pageNumber="106" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Host unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="81" pageNumber="106" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">All known species are found in the Old World tropics (Afrotropical and Oriental regions).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="81" pageNumber="106" type="molecular data">
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Molecular data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">
Two DNA barcodes are available, both very distant from any other
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="81" pageNumber="106" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microgastrinae">Microgastrinae</taxonomicName>
sequence available in BOLD (8-10% of base pair differences). However, those two sequences (which were obtained from two different species and belong to BINs BOLD:AAV2124 and BOLD:ABY3660) which are also very different from each other and cluster very separate (based on a Neighbor Joining tree built with 35,000+
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="81" pageNumber="106" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microgastrinae">Microgastrinae</taxonomicName>
sequences available in BOLD as of January 2018).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="81" pageNumber="106" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">
From
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Ypsilon”">&quot;Ypsilon&quot;</normalizedToken>
(in several languages an alternative form or synonym of the ancient Greek letter
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Upsilon”">&quot;Upsilon&quot;</normalizedToken>
, which is depicted as a
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Y”">&quot;Y&quot;</normalizedToken>
) and
<normalizedToken originalValue="“gaster”">&quot;gaster&quot;</normalizedToken>
(in Greek
<normalizedToken originalValue="“stomach”">&quot;stomach&quot;</normalizedToken>
or
<normalizedToken originalValue="“abdomen”">&quot;abdomen&quot;</normalizedToken>
, also used for the metasoma in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
), referring to the Y-shaped sulcus in the first tergite of metasoma that characterizes this genus. The gender of the genus is neuter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="81" pageNumber="106" type="species">
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">Species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="106">We recognize at least six different species, four of them new and described below. They can be separate using the following key.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>