268 lines
36 KiB
XML
268 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="742B74814EDC694B2104CDB01F4ED1F1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1697.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5107079" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1626378524067" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Thandar, Ahmed S." docDate="2008" docId="DE2087C7F508876CA0ADF0C9915B5B37" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01697p057.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1697 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1697.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Synallactes mollis Cherbonnier 1952" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="2219FFBFF5208746A03AF42E93345C38" masterDocTitle="Additions to the holothuroid fauna of the southern African temperate faunistic provinces, with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1699010251044" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="184B3F3EDAC130BE6443C6A8B7913803">Additions to the holothuroid fauna of the southern African temperate faunistic provinces, with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3B5996BE1683A41FE916E6A5BFB36D5D">Thandar, Ahmed S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DA342D1771BB7C91CCC8CFBA7C0DBF20">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C9D87D9073816729C63436AAFA247C81">
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<mods:date id="348F1D3A3AB4BAD41DD7EA781C53E85A">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="88A6A30AE7E356C5FD7E7C10762B9F8A">2008-02-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A10899DB9AE003BF90010A4E5ADFBA27">1697</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="13DAC1BEE77D185598FC1F6CAE7F4081">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1697.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="2D16C78D8C484F125EB7AF55B3AE8E2D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4C090912A64F7D33F1DCDA10EC6025F9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1697.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0D9E7E0FF85A29A8D5578B8318CAFBDC" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DE2087C7F508876CA0ADF0C9915B5B37" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5107344" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2087C7F508876CA0ADF0C9915B5B37" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE2087C7F508876CA0ADF0C9915B5B37" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="1E93655AF508876EA0ADF0C991B05939" box="[151,644,1255,1281]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="563636D1F508876EA0ADF0C991B05939" blockId="40.[151,644,1255,1316]" box="[151,644,1255,1281]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="0D7E81BDF508876EA0ADF0C991B05939" bold="true" box="[151,644,1255,1281]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="91894D52F508876EA0ADF0C991B05939" authority="Cherbonnier, 1952" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1952" box="[151,644,1255,1281]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mollis">
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||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F508876EA0ADF0C991B05939" bold="true" box="[151,644,1255,1281]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F508876EA0ADF0C992145939" bold="true" box="[151,288,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Synallactes</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F508876EA176F0C992A15939" bold="true" box="[332,405,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">mollis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F508876EA1A7F0C991B05939" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[413,644,1255,1281]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref29883" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1952) Contribution a la connaisance des holothuries de l'Afrique du sud. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 33, 469 - 509,16 pls." type="book" year="1952">Cherbonnier, 1952</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E93655AF508876CA0ADF124915B5B37" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="563636D1F508876EA0ADF1249233591C" blockId="40.[151,644,1255,1316]" box="[151,263,1290,1316]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<figureCitation id="CEB22A54F508876EA0ADF1249233591C" box="[151,263,1290,1316]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,206,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-75@43.[225,1359,194,1808]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Synallactes cf mollis.Cherbonnier, SAM-A28023. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of dorsal tables; D. rods from dorsal papillae; E. rods from tube feet; F. smalltables(crosses)fromventralbodywall;G.largetablesfromventralbodywall.Alldrawntosamescale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107127/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figure 16</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563636D1F508876EA0ADF174923659A4" blockId="40.[151,258,1370,1436]" box="[151,258,1370,1436]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<typeStatus id="89328873F508876EA0ADF17493E5594C" box="[151,209,1370,1396]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Type</typeStatus>
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SAM.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563636D1F508876EA0ADF1FC97905A2F" blockId="40.[151,1188,1490,1559]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<materialsCitation id="E6E13C8CF508876EA0ADF1FC97905A2F" collectionCode="WCP" elevation="366" latitude="-31.5" location="Africana' St." longLatPrecision="1216" longitude="17.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="366" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="89328873F508876EA0ADF1FC93E559D4" box="[151,209,1490,1516]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Type</typeStatus>
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locality R. V. ‘
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<location id="5356600AF508876EA138F1D392AA5A2F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2087C7F508876CA0ADF0C9915B5B37:5356600AF508876EA138F1D392AA5A2F" box="[258,414,1533,1559]" latitude="-31.5" longLatPrecision="1216" longitude="17.0" name="Africana' St." pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Africana’ St.</location>
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723.V.7B, off west coast of
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<collectionCode id="3098AE14F508876EA2D1F1D3901E5A2F" box="[747,810,1533,1559]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">WCP</collectionCode>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="33BD5016F508876EA30CF1D390AB5A2F" box="[822,927,1530,1559]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="925" value="-31.5">
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31
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<superScript id="A1FC9B99F508876EA36EF1D490685A30" attach="left" box="[852,860,1530,1544]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">o</superScript>
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30' S
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="33BD5016F508876EA396F1D3972A5A2F" box="[940,1054,1530,1559]" degrees="17" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="925" value="17.0">
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17
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<superScript id="A1FC9B99F508876EA3F3F1D490E55A30" attach="left" box="[969,977,1530,1544]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">o</superScript>
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00' E
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</geoCoordinate>
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, ca.
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<specimenCount id="408FFD58F508876EA469F1D397905A2F" box="[1107,1188,1533,1559]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="generic">
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<quantity id="91719B34F508876EA469F1D397945A2F" box="[1107,1184,1533,1559]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="366.0">
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<elevation id="DDA4D1E2F508876EA469F1D397945A2F" box="[1107,1184,1533,1559]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="366.0">366 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563636D1F508876EA0ADF26692475A5A" blockId="40.[151,1436,1608,1717]" box="[151,371,1608,1634]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563636D1F508876EA0FFF25E977C5A8D" blockId="40.[151,1436,1608,1717]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<materialsCitation id="E6E13C8CF508876EA0FFF25E977C5A8D" accessionNumber="A15343" collectingDate="1993-09-28" county="Africana'" latitude="-35.05" location="Inshore Biomass" longLatPrecision="1195" longitude="24.1" municipality="South" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="West Coast">
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SAM-A28023, R.V. ‘
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<collectingCounty id="BF574E5DF508876EA185F25E91035AB2" box="[447,567,1648,1674]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Africana’</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="B652ACABF508876EA27CF25E91BE5AB2" box="[582,650,1648,1674]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">South</collectingMunicipality>
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||
<collectingRegion id="944DF833F508876EA2A9F25E91E25AB2" box="[659,726,1648,1674]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Coast</collectingRegion>
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||
<location id="5356600AF508876EA2E5F25E90915AB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2087C7F508876CA0ADF0C9915B5B37:5356600AF508876EA2E5F25E90915AB2" box="[735,933,1648,1674]" county="Africana'" latitude="-35.05" longLatPrecision="1195" longitude="24.1" municipality="South" name="Inshore Biomass" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="West Coast">Inshore Biomass</location>
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and
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<location id="5356600AF508876EA3D8F25E97C95AB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2087C7F508876CA0ADF0C9915B5B37:5356600AF508876EA3D8F25E97C95AB2" box="[994,1277,1648,1674]" county="Africana'" latitude="-35.05" longLatPrecision="1195" longitude="24.1" municipality="South" name="Horse Mackerel Survey" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="West Coast">Horse Mackerel Survey</location>
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||
, St. A15343- 116-DT02, off
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<location id="5356600AF508876EA175F2B5913F5A8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2087C7F508876CA0ADF0C9915B5B37:5356600AF508876EA175F2B5913F5A8D" box="[335,523,1691,1717]" county="Africana'" latitude="-35.05" longLatPrecision="1195" longitude="24.1" municipality="South" name="Plettenberg Bay" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="West Coast">Plettenberg Bay</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="33BD5016F508876EA22DF2B5914B5A8D" box="[535,639,1688,1717]" degrees="35" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="925" value="-35.05">
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35
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<superScript id="A1FC9B99F508876EA20EF2B691085A9E" attach="left" box="[564,572,1688,1702]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">o</superScript>
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03' S
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="33BD5016F508876EA2B6F2B591C35A8D" box="[652,759,1688,1717]" degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="925" value="24.1">
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24
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<superScript id="A1FC9B99F508876EA290F2B691865A9E" attach="left" box="[682,690,1688,1702]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">o</superScript>
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06' E
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="22371011F508876EA33EF2B590B75A8D" box="[772,899,1691,1717]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1993-09-28">
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||
<collectingDate id="3273E9F9F508876EA33EF2B590B75A8D" box="[772,899,1691,1717]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1993-09-28">
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28.ix.
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<quantity id="91719B34F508876EA37EF2B590B75A8D" box="[836,899,1691,1717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9931006" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1993.1006">1993</quantity>
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</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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, 1006 m,
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<specimenCount id="408FFD58F508876EA3CDF2B5977C5A8D" box="[1015,1096,1691,1717]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="563636D1F508876EA0ADF2C592145B3D" blockId="40.[151,1436,1771,2037]" box="[151,288,1771,1797]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="563636D1F508876CA080F33D91895D42" blockId="40.[151,1436,1771,2037]" lastBlockId="42.[151,1436,152,1138]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
Specimen eviscerated, cylindrical to barrel-shaped due to strong contraction, ventral surface flattened, dorsal conspicuously arched. Length
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<quantity id="91719B34F508876EA212F315914B5B6D" box="[552,639,1851,1877]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="75.0">75 mm</quantity>
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||
, width in mid-body
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||
<quantity id="91719B34F508876EA34AF31590F35B6D" box="[880,967,1851,1877]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="37.0">37 mm</quantity>
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||
. Mouth anterior, ventral; anus terminal, ventrally directed. Papillae dorsal and ventro-lateral, in six rows, arising from wart-like prominences of vary ing length, 11 –12 papillae in each ventro-lateral ambulacra, longest (including wart) about
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F508876EA4F9F3A5962C5B9D" box="[1219,1304,1931,1957]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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||
, dorsal and latero-dorsal papillae also about 12 per row, longest (including wart) about
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||
<quantity id="91719B34F508876EA47DF39D97965BF5" box="[1095,1186,1971,1997]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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||
, mid-dorsal papillae reduced, also about 12 per row, longest (including wart) about
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F508876EA349F3F5908D5BCD" box="[883,953,2011,2037]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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||
, stopping
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||
<quantity id="91719B34F508876EA40AF3F597475BCD" box="[1072,1139,2011,2037]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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||
short of anus. No special papillae around mouth, few dorsal ones reaching level of anus. Tube feet restricted to ventral ambulacra with one or two also in interambulacra, those of the ventro-lateral ambulacra in two zig-zag rows with well-developed suckers, those of the mid-ventral ambulacrum in 3-4 rows, usually in groups with naked areas in between, reaching level of mouth of mouth and, except for one foot per row, not reaching level of anus. Colour in alcohol light buff, tube feet of same colouration but warts of papillae greyish. Body wall slightly rough to the touch; contracted thickness
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA248F54E918D5D42" box="[626,697,352,378]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="02F66659F509876FA0ADF30A97BD5B9B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107125" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5107125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107125/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[151,255,1828,1852]" targetBox="[264,1314,199,1804]" targetPageId="41">
|
||
<paragraph id="563636D1F509876FA0ADF30A97BD5B9B" blockId="41.[151,1436,1828,1955]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F509876FA0ADF30A92135B04" bold="true" box="[151,295,1828,1852]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F509876FA114F30B92CF5B04" authority="Thandar, 2008" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="2008" box="[302,507,1829,1852]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="samyni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F509876FA114F30B92CF5B04" box="[302,507,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Synallactes samyni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCE57B8F509876FA238F30A91615B03" box="[514,597,1828,1851]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Holotype, SAM-A28021. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of tables from dorsal body wall; D. medially-knobbed tables from dorsal body wall; E. rods of dorsal papillae; F. large tables from ventral body wall; G. small tables (crosses) from ventral body wall; H. rods from tentacles; i. madreporite in mesentery; J. calcareous ring. A-H scale a.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="563636D1F50A876CA082F5A6960A5DF2" blockId="42.[151,1436,152,1138]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Internal organs lost, including calcareous ring and associated structures, only posterior ends of longitudinal muscles and cloaca intact. Longitudinal muscles apparently paired, perhaps due to strong contraction.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563636D1F50A876CA085F5F69110584A" blockId="42.[151,1436,152,1138]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Spicules of body wall comprise tables of two sizes, dorsal ones larger and more numerous. Discs of large dorsal tables (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB22A54F50A876CA104F62E92FC5E22" box="[318,456,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,206,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-75@43.[225,1359,194,1808]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Synallactes cf mollis.Cherbonnier, SAM-A28023. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of dorsal tables; D. rods from dorsal papillae; E. rods from tube feet; F. smalltables(crosses)fromventralbodywall;G.largetablesfromventralbodywall.Alldrawntosamescale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107127/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figure 16B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA1E1F62E915A5E22" box="[475,622,511,538]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="280.0" valueMax="410.0" valueMin="150.0">150-410 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA2F1F62E90185E22" box="[715,812,511,538]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="275.0">275 µm</quantity>
|
||
), 3-4-armed in approximate ratio of 3:2, arms often branched, sometimes dichotomously, with branches frequently anastomosing to form racquet-like expansions, perforated by up to 10 holes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB22A54F50A876CA1C9F67E91485E52" box="[499,636,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,206,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-75@43.[225,1359,194,1808]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Synallactes cf mollis.Cherbonnier, SAM-A28023. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of dorsal tables; D. rods from dorsal papillae; E. rods from tube feet; F. smalltables(crosses)fromventralbodywall;G.largetablesfromventralbodywall.Alldrawntosamescale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107127/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figure 16C</figureCitation>
|
||
), arms never fused to form complete disc; spire of moderate height,
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA0ADF656922E5EAA" box="[151,282,631,658]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="82.5" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="55.0">55-110 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA14FF65692F25EAA" box="[373,454,631,658]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="72.0">72 µm</quantity>
|
||
), often short, ending in about three teeth, which may be further subdivided. Small tables (crosses) rare dorsally, often reduced, with cross-like disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB22A54F50A876CA3B4F68E972C5E82" box="[910,1048,672,698]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,206,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-75@43.[225,1359,194,1808]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Synallactes cf mollis.Cherbonnier, SAM-A28023. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of dorsal tables; D. rods from dorsal papillae; E. rods from tube feet; F. smalltables(crosses)fromventralbodywall;G.largetablesfromventralbodywall.Alldrawntosamescale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107127/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figure 16A</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA417F68E979A5E82" box="[1069,1198,671,698]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="87.5" valueMax="140.0" valueMin="35.0">35-140 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA53EF68E96675E82" box="[1284,1363,671,698]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="87.0">87 µm</quantity>
|
||
), with short non-perforate arms or arms perforated by 1-(2) holes at ends; spire height at least half diameter of disc,
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA0ADF6DE92395F32" box="[151,269,751,778]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="57.5" valueMax="95.0" valueMin="20.0">20-95 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA150F6DE92895F32" box="[362,445,751,778]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="54.0">54 µm</quantity>
|
||
). Large tables of ventral integument with discs smaller than those of dorsal tables (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB22A54F50A876CA0A5F736921F5F0A" box="[159,299,792,818]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,206,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-75@43.[225,1359,194,1808]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Synallactes cf mollis.Cherbonnier, SAM-A28023. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of dorsal tables; D. rods from dorsal papillae; E. rods from tube feet; F. smalltables(crosses)fromventralbodywall;G.largetablesfromventralbodywall.Alldrawntosamescale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107127/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figure 16G</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA17BF73692E75F0A" box="[321,467,791,818]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="222.5" valueMax="340.0" valueMin="105.0">105-340 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA216F73691BF5F0A" box="[556,651,791,818]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="181.0">181 µm</quantity>
|
||
), also with 3-4, rarely bifurcating arms, each pierced by up to five holes, rarely more; spire height
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA233F76E91485F62" box="[521,636,831,858]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="62.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="55.0">55-70 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA2E9F76E90165F62" box="[723,802,831,858]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="64.0">64 µm</quantity>
|
||
); discs of smaller tables (crosses) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB22A54F50A876CA48CF76E960E5F62" box="[1206,1338,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,206,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-75@43.[225,1359,194,1808]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Synallactes cf mollis.Cherbonnier, SAM-A28023. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of dorsal tables; D. rods from dorsal papillae; E. rods from tube feet; F. smalltables(crosses)fromventralbodywall;G.largetablesfromventralbodywall.Alldrawntosamescale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107127/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figure 16F</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA570F76E938B5FBA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="82.5" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="55.0">55-110 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA12FF74692505FBA" box="[277,356,871,898]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="84.0">84 µm</quantity>
|
||
), similar to those of dorsal body wall, also appearing as simple crosses, arms with or without terminal holes; spire
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA1ABF7BE91325F92" box="[401,518,911,938]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45-50 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA25BF7BE91845F92" box="[609,688,911,938]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="48.0">48 µm</quantity>
|
||
) with or without holes at tip. Rods of papillae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB22A54F50A876CA4DDF7BE96465F92" box="[1255,1394,912,938]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,206,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-75@43.[225,1359,194,1808]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Synallactes cf mollis.Cherbonnier, SAM-A28023. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of dorsal tables; D. rods from dorsal papillae; E. rods from tube feet; F. smalltables(crosses)fromventralbodywall;G.largetablesfromventralbodywall.Alldrawntosamescale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107127/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figure 16D</figureCitation>
|
||
) of variable size,
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA17BF79692E25FEA" box="[321,470,951,978]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.865" metricValueMax="8.129999999999999" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="486.5" valueMax="813.0" valueMin="160.0">160-813 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA20CF79691AC5FEA" box="[566,664,951,978]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9799999999999995" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="398.0">398 µm</quantity>
|
||
), and usually smooth or adorned with a few spines, terminally branched, with or without perforations, sometimes with a short third arm which may or may not be further subdivided. Rods of tube feet (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB22A54F50A876CA238F02691BD581A" box="[514,649,1032,1058]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[238,1343,206,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-75@43.[225,1359,194,1808]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Synallactes cf mollis.Cherbonnier, SAM-A28023. A. Small tables (crosses) from dorsal body wall; B. large tables from dorsal body wall; C. end of arms of dorsal tables; D. rods from dorsal papillae; E. rods from tube feet; F. smalltables(crosses)fromventralbodywall;G.largetablesfromventralbodywall.Alldrawntosamescale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5107127/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figure 16E</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA2A0F026901F581A" box="[666,811,1031,1058]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.025" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="2.15" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="502.5" valueMax="790.0" valueMin="215.0">215-790 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA3BEF02690D7581A" box="[900,995,1031,1058]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.07" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="507.0">507 µm</quantity>
|
||
), similar in form to those of papillae, but usually without perforations at ends; ‘end-plates’
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA327F01E90F55872" box="[797,961,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0825" metricValueMax="1.19" metricValueMin="0.975" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="1082.5" valueMax="1190.0" valueMin="975.0">975-1190 µm</quantity>
|
||
, complex, consisting of several simple, overlying plates, typical of genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563636D1F50A876CA0ADF08C91DB58DC" blockId="42.[151,751,1186,1252]" box="[151,751,1186,1252]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Distribution Off south and west coast of WCP,
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA263F0E491DF58DC" box="[601,747,1226,1252]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.859999999999999" metricValueMax="10.059999999999999" metricValueMin="3.66" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="686.0" valueMax="1006.0" valueMin="366.0">366-1006 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563636D1F50A876CA0ADF13B93CB5917" blockId="42.[151,1436,1301,1807]" box="[151,255,1301,1327]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563636D1F50A876CA0FBF113915B5B37" blockId="42.[151,1436,1301,1807]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
The single specimen approaches
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F50A876CA273F11390A2596F" authority="Cherbonnier, 1952" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1952" box="[585,918,1341,1367]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F50A876CA273F113919B596E" box="[585,687,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. mollis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F50A876CA282F11390A2596F" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[696,918,1341,1367]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref29883" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1952) Contribution a la connaisance des holothuries de l'Afrique du sud. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 33, 469 - 509,16 pls." type="book" year="1952">Cherbonnier, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from off the west coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E9E7641F50A876CA56DF11393D65947" name="South Africa" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
at
|
||
<quantity id="91719B34F50A876CA13DF14B92605947" box="[263,340,1381,1407]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="366.0">366 m</quantity>
|
||
, as well as the preceding species (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="1B0B036AF50A876CA323F14B90465947" box="[793,882,1381,1407]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="44.[151,248,151,177]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of related species/forms of Synallactes Théel’s Massin’s S. samyni S. cf. mollis S. mollis S. challengeri S.challengeri" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). In Cherbonnier’s description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F50A876CA53EF14B965D5946" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1952" box="[1284,1385,1381,1406]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F50A876CA53EF14B965D5946" box="[1284,1385,1381,1406]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. mollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and my examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="89328873F50A876CA19FF1A3913A599F" box="[421,526,1421,1447]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, the ventral tube feet are in 4-6 rows, there are no large tables with bifurcating arms and the arms have fewer(4) holes instead of 11 found in my cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F50A876CA3F9F19B971C59F6" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1952" box="[963,1064,1461,1486]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F50A876CA3F9F19B971C59F6" box="[963,1064,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. mollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The latter specimen resembles the
|
||
<typeStatus id="89328873F50A876CA0F8F1F3921C59CF" box="[194,296,1501,1527]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in the absence of special oral papillae and the general appearance of the spicules. It appears that this is the only difference between the two forms. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F50A876CA3A3F22B973E5A26" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="2008" box="[921,1034,1541,1566]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="samyni">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F50A876CA3A3F22B973E5A26" box="[921,1034,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. samyni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the absence of any special oral papillae, the extension of the tube feet to the level of the mouth and the rarity of larger tables with bifurcating arms. The single specimen also comes quite close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F50A876CA323F27B975A5A57" authority="(Theel, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Theel" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[793,1134,1621,1647]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="challengeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F50A876CA323F27B908B5A56" box="[793,959,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. challengeri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F50A876CA3EBF27B97505A57" author="Theel, H." box="[977,1124,1621,1647]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 290" refId="ref31737" refString="Theel, H. (1886) Holothuroidea. Part II. Report on the Scientific Results of the of the HMS ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, IV (34), 1 - 290, 16 pls." type="book chapter" year="1886">Théel, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, recently re-described by (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F50A876CA0A5F253920F5AAF" author="Massin, C." box="[159,315,1661,1687]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="311 - 324" refId="ref30364" refString="Massin, C. (1992) Holothurians (Echinodermata) from Marion and Prince Edwards Islands: new and little-known species. Zoologica Scripta, 21, 311 - 324." type="journal article" year="1992">Massin 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), from the Kerguelen Archipelago. However, in this species, according to Massin, the mouth is surrounded by 16 long papillae, sometimes arranged in four bundles, and the dorsal and ventral body wall has scarce spicules. In addition, the ends of the table arms in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F50A876CA30FF2E390EC5ADE" baseAuthorityName="Theel" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[821,984,1741,1766]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="challengeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F50A876CA30FF2E390EC5ADE" box="[821,984,1741,1766]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. challengeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
often branch and the branches anastomose to form open or closed table discs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |