plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/E3/15/03E31516FF86FF978217FA1CFE2FFC0E.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

780 lines
88 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="37C509E4988A6898E457914F6C9952B1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.171889" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0110307f-11b5-4dd7-81cf-0746e40e98dd" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="171889" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459759449619" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Correia, Leny Célia Da Silva, Trivinho-Strixino, Susana &amp; Michailova, Paraskeva" docDate="2006" docId="03E31516FF86FF978217FA1CFE2FFC0E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01130p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1130" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Chironomus inquinatus Correia, Trivinho-Strixino &amp; Michailova, 2006, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="FFDA6D6EFF87FF9E831FFFEEFF9AFFF0" masterDocTitle="A new species of Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae) from polluted streams of southeastern Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1698214610016" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="148E10EB44B67A1589E4D2ABB132AD37" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BB6C3138EA4DDDD05BD780F0387DFAAF">
<mods:title id="7B89D61F4C01ECBF84142C36C9FA11DC">A new species of Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae) from polluted streams of southeastern Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D36A800EEC96979C5BD8409EE761DEAF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6BB47EB71B3A1F13F9DAB0FBC6BBCC4B">
<mods:roleTerm id="7BD5EE0D3A6649812516A83113CDCDE6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="556A3AD93ABE84651CACC1345EE9F4C0">Correia, Leny Célia Da Silva</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D4717C0C468141DE7AA691D6166447B4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5BB7BE12C58CCCE0B48BE8E38745DF2A">
<mods:roleTerm id="D606F5BD3503C0FC6204FC31A8F41E5C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EDF9B093C9264CE27F07E79966E9414A">Trivinho-Strixino, Susana</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4F8FC0A472DB68FB54434A0FB2BD5CC8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4FD4121FADF435BF8DD08245E8075C71">
<mods:roleTerm id="C83A91507046C7A74D480894F2EC8086">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4C8187CBAD0DC0E3B1DFA80D395E5BEC">Michailova, Paraskeva</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="233E1FD923343B2C661BE4F77E4B58DE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="9269CD7B987DAE5D4033B320D5645906" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="227F349A36A6B2B3E74FBAB4451F1C0A">
<mods:title id="741AC4237AFDB7CDBD1DCE93E421B5BF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2513A63D0C030BE0007AE34D1641839B">
<mods:date id="0B8FD5D0D41CD8B03B27CA420CBEBF16">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BE8C2202F3590E3891C5308DD46900FC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FCC7A87275E28D1E7A8DE5B40BCEC805">1130</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="041ED7473F974564B48B3A4BD2AB5B18" unit="page">
<mods:start id="54B8586748DE67DB16445AFFA33E2E17">57</mods:start>
<mods:end id="AC9C5F5E1BBD3B5EF011E8B58D294626">68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="418DB3D57BB4A0D64B9EB2B7B909F8AB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="603E7AA045FAD380474F641C32FAC69D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.171889</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A1422FB9E3107D0D297C29DDB99703CF" type="GBIF-Dataset">0110307f-11b5-4dd7-81cf-0746e40e98dd</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D54A7BC115C4C7798CCDD349B6467044" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A38D8FC68F1EB0CF3418B2D192CEE7CC" type="Zenodo-Dep">171889</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03E31516FF86FF978217FA1CFE2FFC0E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6262743" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119344492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6262743" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E31516FF86FF978217FA1CFE2FFC0E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31516FF86FF978217FA1CFE2FFC0E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="C350F78BFF86FF9F8217FA1CFC91F9FC" box="[264,779,1522,1548]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF86FF9F8217FA1CFC91F9FC" blockId="1.[264,779,1522,1548]" box="[264,779,1522,1548]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="D0BD136CFF86FF9F8217FA1CFC91F9FC" bold="true" box="[264,779,1522,1548]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF86FF9F8217FA1CFC91F9FC" bold="true" box="[264,779,1522,1548]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF86FF9F8217FA1CFDB3F9FC" ID-CoL="5Y6PJ" box="[264,553,1522,1548]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF86FF9F8217FA1CFDB3F9FC" bold="true" box="[264,553,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Chironomus inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF86FF9F812EFA1CFDE9F9FC" box="[561,627,1522,1548]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF86FF9F819DFA1CFC99F9FC" box="[642,771,1522,1548]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStart-1="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStart-2="FIGURE 17" captionStartId-0="3.[264,382,1828,1852]" captionStartId-1="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionStartId-2="6.[264,368,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox-0="[318,1261,348,1791]" captionTargetBox-1="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetBox-2="[364,1214,328,1647]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[305,1282,329,1799]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[364,1223,326,1674]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 5. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. male imago. 1. Thorax. 2. Abdominal tergites I – VIII. 3. Front, middle, and hind legs. 4. Hypopygium. 5. Superior volsella, ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." captionText-2="FIGURE 17. Polytene chromosomes of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n.: AE, BF, CD, and G. Arrows indicate centromere positions. Double arrows indicate positions of marker bands or group of bands. BR = Balbiani ring. N = nucleolar organizer. P = puff. Bold letter I indicates section involved in inversion. (a) Heterozygous inversion in arm G. Homologues are unpaired. One homologue has band sequence 6 (BR), 1,2,3,4,5, and the other has 6, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5 (BR) due to inversions." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/171890/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/171892/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs. 1–17</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C350F78BFF86FF9F8217F9D3FD1DF98F" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF86FF9F8217F9D3FD1DF98F" blockId="1.[264,1323,1597,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF86FF9F8217F9D3FE0FF9A7" bold="true" box="[264,405,1597,1623]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is from Latin,
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF86FF9F8003F9D0FC02F9A7" box="[796,920,1598,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF86FF9F8003F9D0FC02F9A7" box="[796,920,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, meaning polluted, in reference to the habitat where the larvae live.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C350F78BFF86FF9C8227F963FA93FCCE" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF86FF9C8227F963FCC9FE5E" blockId="1.[264,1323,1597,1867]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1325,284,830]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF86FF9F8227F963FE71F957" bold="true" box="[312,491,1677,1703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<typeStatus id="54F11AA2FF86FF9F8227F963FEE9F957" box="[312,371,1677,1703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F11AA2FF86FF9F82EAF963FDFDF957" box="[501,615,1677,1703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: male with associated pupal and larval exuviae (in Euparal), São Carlos, SP,
<collectingCountry id="F35DE490FF86FF9F82D9F957FD8BF923" box="[454,529,1721,1747]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Monjolinho stream (
<geoCoordinate id="EE7EC2C7FF86FF9F800FF957FC30F923" box="[784,938,1717,1747]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" precision="1" value="-22.03">22o01’48.0”S</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="EE7EC2C7FF86FF9F80A4F957FBF3F923" box="[955,1129,1717,1747]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" precision="1" value="-48.032722">48o01’57.8”W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFF482C0FF86FF9F8760F957FB68F923" box="[1151,1266,1721,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" value="2001-01-12">12.I.2001</date>
, leg. L. Correia.
<typeStatus id="54F11AA2FF86FF9F8281F90FFD8FF90B" box="[414,533,1761,1787]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF86FF9F8138F90FFD12F90B" box="[551,648,1761,1787]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
with pupal and larval exuviae,
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF86FF9F8739F90FFB38F90B" box="[1062,1186,1761,1787]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF86FF9F87AAF90FFAB2F90B" box="[1205,1320,1761,1787]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
(including 5 with chromosome preparations), from the
<typeStatus id="54F11AA2FF86FF9F80B2F8E7FC45F8D3" box="[941,991,1801,1827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<date id="FFF482C0FF86FF9F874AF8E7FB5DF8D3" box="[1109,1223,1801,1827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" value="2001-01-12">12.I.2001</date>
, leg. L. Correia;
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF86FF9F826CF8DFFE4BF8BB" box="[371,465,1841,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
with pupal and larval exuviae,
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF86FF9F8046F8DFFC59F8BB" box="[857,963,1841,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
pupal and larval exuviae,
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF86FF9C8614F8DFFED5FEC6" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
(including 7 with chromosome preparations), from Araraquara, SP,
<collectingCountry id="F35DE490FF85FF9C878BFEF2FB45FEC6" box="[1172,1247,284,310]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Ouro stream,
<date id="FFF482C0FF85FF9C8276FEAAFE72FEAE" box="[361,488,324,350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" value="2001-10-16">16.X.2001</date>
, leg. L. Correia;
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF85FF9C81DEFEAAFCBBFEAE" box="[705,801,324,350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
with pupal exuviae,
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF85FF9C8737FEAAFB04FEAE" box="[1064,1182,324,350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
with pupal exuviae,
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF85FF9C8268FE82FE72FE76" box="[375,488,364,390]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
(including 5 with chromosome preparations), from São Carlos, SP,
<collectingCountry id="F35DE490FF85FF9C8217FE7AFEC9FE5E" box="[264,339,404,430]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Tijuco stream,
<date id="FFF482C0FF85FF9C8111FE7AFD09FE5E" box="[526,659,404,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" value="2001-04-30">
30.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF85FF9C812EFE7AFD09FE5E" author="IV" box="[561,659,404,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Michailova, P., Warchalowska-Sliwa, E. &amp; Kownacki, A. (2001) Cytotaxonomic characteristics of the genus Glyptotendipes Kieffer (Chironomidae, Diptera) from fish and retention ponds (Silesia, southern Poland). Folia Biologica (Krakow), 49 (3 - 4), 163 - 73." type="journal article" year="2001">IV.2001</bibRefCitation>
</date>
, leg. L. Correia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF85FF9C8227FE52FD27FD1E" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
The
<typeStatus id="54F11AA2FF85FF9C826EFE52FE42FE26" box="[369,472,444,470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and most
<typeStatus id="54F11AA2FF85FF9C8142FE52FD57FE26" box="[605,717,444,470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are deposited in the Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática (LEA) collection at Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo,
<collectingCountry id="F35DE490FF85FF9C87C2FE0AFAB3FE0E" box="[1245,1321,484,510]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. Other
<typeStatus id="54F11AA2FF85FF9C824DFDE2FE58FDD6" box="[338,450,524,550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are deposited in the Museu de Zoologia de São Paulo (
<collectionCode id="ED5B3CC5FF85FF9C8757FDE2FB00FDD6" box="[1096,1178,524,550]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">MZSP</collectionCode>
), São Paulo,
<collectingCountry id="F35DE490FF85FF9C8217FDDAFED5FDBE" box="[264,335,564,590]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF85FF9C826EFDDAFE54FDBE" box="[369,462,564,590]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
with associated pupal and larval exuviae); in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München (
<collectionCode id="ED5B3CC5FF85FF9C814CFDB2FD0FFD86" box="[595,661,604,630]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">ZSM</collectionCode>
), Munich,
<collectingCountry id="F35DE490FF85FF9C8007FDB2FC1FFD86" box="[792,901,604,630]" name="Germany" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Germany</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF85FF9C8084FDB2FC71FD86" box="[923,1003,604,630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
with associated pupal and larval exuviae); and in the collection of P. Michailova in the Institute of Zoology at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia,
<collectingCountry id="F35DE490FF85FF9C8018FD42FCF6FD36" box="[775,876,684,710]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount id="9D4C6F89FF85FF9C809BFD42FC60FD36" box="[900,1018,684,710]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="larva">17 larvae</specimenCount>
with their chromosome preparations and larval morphology).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF85FF9C8227FD12FA93FCCE" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF85FF9C8227FD12FD16FCE6" bold="true" box="[312,652,764,790]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Morphological description.</emphasis>
All character states not described below conform to the generic or subgeneric diagnoses of
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF85FF9C81B8FCCAFC1CFCCE" author="Wiederholm" box="[679,902,804,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Wiederholm, T. (1983) Chironomidae of the Holartic region: Keys and diagnoses. Part 1. Larvae. Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 19, 7 - 10." type="book chapter" year="1983">Wiederholm (1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF85FF9C808CFCCAFC4AFCCE" author="Wiederholm" box="[915,976,804,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Wiederholm, T. (1986) Chironomidae of the Holartic region: Keys and diagnoses. Part 2. Pupae. Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 28, 299 - 456." type="book chapter" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF85FF9C80C3FCCAFB82FCCE" author="Wiederholm" box="[988,1048,804,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Wiederholm, T. (1989) Chironomidae of the Holartic region: Keys and diagnoses. Part 3. Adults males. Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 34, 5 - 9." type="book chapter" year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF85FF9C8745FCCAFA9FFCCE" author="Saether" box="[1114,1285,804,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Saether, O. A. (1977) Female genitalia in Chironomidae and other Nematocera: morphology, phylogenies, keys. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 197, 1 - 211." type="journal article" year="1977">Saether (1977)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C350F78BFF85FF978217FC9AFE2FFC0E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF85FF9C8217FC9AFE60FC7E" blockId="2.[264,1325,884,1804]" box="[264,506,884,910]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF85FF9C8217FC9AFE01FC7E" bold="true" box="[264,411,884,910]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Male imago</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF85FF9C82B3FC9AFE21FC7D" box="[428,443,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">n</emphasis>
= 8).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF85FF9C8227FC72FC6AFB8E" blockId="2.[264,1325,884,1804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
Length about 5.0–
<quantity id="4CB209E5FF85FF9C8109FC72FDEDFC46" box="[534,631,924,950]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
. Coloration: Head. Yellowish brown. Antennal flagellum pale brown. Maxillary palps pale brown. Thorax (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF85FF9C8078FC2AFC35FC2E" box="[871,943,964,990]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[318,1261,348,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[305,1282,329,1799]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. male imago. 1. Thorax. 2. Abdominal tergites I – VIII. 3. Front, middle, and hind legs. 4. Hypopygium. 5. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Yellowish brown with brown mesonotal stripes, which are darkened in anterior portions. Sternum yellowish brown. Scutellum yellowish. Postnotum brownish, darkened in median portion and posteromedian groove. Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF85FF9C82F4FBD2FDA9FBA6" box="[491,563,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[318,1261,348,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[305,1282,329,1799]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. male imago. 1. Thorax. 2. Abdominal tergites I – VIII. 3. Front, middle, and hind legs. 4. Hypopygium. 5. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Pale brown; tergites I–V with dark brown markings. Legs (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF85FF9C87E4FBD2FE82FB8E" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[318,1261,348,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[305,1282,329,1799]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. male imago. 1. Thorax. 2. Abdominal tergites I – VIII. 3. Front, middle, and hind legs. 4. Hypopygium. 5. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Yellowish brown; femora, tibiae, and tarsi brownish at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF85FF9C8227FB61FE2EFA81" blockId="2.[264,1325,884,1804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
Head: Antennal flagellum 1142 (
<date id="FFF482C0FF85FF9C81C3FB61FCF9FB59" box="[732,867,1167,1193]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" value="1062" valueMax="1469">1062–1469</date>
) µm long; AR = 3.25 (3.13–3.72). Palpomere lengths 2–5: 43 (37–43), 191 (179–253), 216 (185–253), 302 (296–401) µm. Frontal tubercles short, 34 (32–49) µm long, about 3–3.5 times as long as wide. Dorsal and ventral interocular distance of 105 (74–117) µm and 247 (210–296) µm, respectively. 43 (41–45) temporal setae. 39 (35–42) clypeal setae. Sensilla near tip of palpomere 3 with 6 hair­like setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF85FF9C8227FA91FBE4FA19" blockId="2.[264,1325,884,1804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Thorax: Setal count: Acrostichals 22 (20–22), biserial and beginning near the antepronotum; dorsocentrals 28 (22–33), partly biserial; prealars 7 (6–7); supra­alar 1; scutellars 32 (22–30) uniserial transversally arranged. Scutal tubercle short.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF85FF9C8227FA19FD90F948" blockId="2.[264,1325,884,1804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Wing: Length 2.68 (2.37–3.32) mm. Membrane transparent, without setae; most veins pale brown; RM and FCu dark brown, RM darker than FCu. Brachiolum with 3 setae; R, R1 and R4+5 with 37 (34–40), 25 (24–30) and 35 (32–37) setae; R4+5 setae distributed in the distal 2/3 of the vein. Squama with 23 (18–24) setae. R2+3 ends halfway between R1 and R4+5. VR = 1.03–1.04.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF85FF9C8227F924FC8BF8FC" blockId="2.[264,1325,884,1804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
Legs: Segment lengths and proportions as in
<tableCitation id="C6C891BBFF85FF9C8059F924FC00F914" box="[838,922,1738,1764]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 1. Lengths of leg segments (in m) and leg ratios (LR) of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. A. Male. B. Female. BR: bristle ratio." pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Table 1</tableCitation>
A. Mid and hind tarsomere 1 with 17 (10–12) and 21 (17–18) sensilla chaetica.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF35F488FF84FF9D8217F8CAFB56F890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171890/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[318,1261,348,1791]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF84FF9D8217F8CAFB56F890" blockId="3.[264,1323,1826,1890]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF84FF9D8217F8CAFE20F8CC" bold="true" box="[264,442,1826,1852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">FIGURES 1–5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF84FF9D82D7F8CAFD5DF8CB" box="[456,711,1828,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF84FF9D82D7F8CAFD5DF8CB" box="[456,711,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Chironomus inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF84FF9D81CBF8CAFC89F8CB" box="[724,787,1828,1851]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
male imago.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF84FF9D80A9F8CAFC50F8CC" bold="true" box="[950,970,1828,1852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">1.</emphasis>
Thorax.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF84FF9D8728F8CAFBD1F8CC" bold="true" box="[1079,1099,1828,1852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">2.</emphasis>
Abdominal tergites I–VIII.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF84FF9D8244F8A7FEF5F891" bold="true" box="[347,367,1865,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">3.</emphasis>
Front, middle, and hind legs.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF84FF9D81B0F8A7FD59F891" bold="true" box="[687,707,1865,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">4.</emphasis>
Hypopygium.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF84FF9D807BF8A7FCE3F891" bold="true" box="[868,889,1865,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">5.</emphasis>
Superior volsella, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FEF2FE23FE0E" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
Hypopygium (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF83FF9A82FAFEF2FDC0FEC6" box="[485,602,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[318,1261,348,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[305,1282,329,1799]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. male imago. 1. Thorax. 2. Abdominal tergites I – VIII. 3. Front, middle, and hind legs. 4. Hypopygium. 5. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171890/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
): Anal tergal bands fully enclosing 14 (14–15) strong setae. Anal point proximally narrow, apex curving to ventral (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF83FF9A80B2FEAAFC63FEAE" box="[941,1017,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[318,1261,348,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[305,1282,329,1799]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. male imago. 1. Thorax. 2. Abdominal tergites I – VIII. 3. Front, middle, and hind legs. 4. Hypopygium. 5. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171890/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Superior volsella (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF83FF9A87EFFEAAFEAFFE76" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[318,1261,348,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[305,1282,329,1799]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. male imago. 1. Thorax. 2. Abdominal tergites I – VIII. 3. Front, middle, and hind legs. 4. Hypopygium. 5. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171890/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
) rather stout and strongly curving to ventromedial; basal lobe with 7 (6–10) long setae. Inferior volsella slightly clubbed, not extending beyond midpoint of gonostylus. Gonostylus elongate, 197 (186–238) µm long; distal part slender, with 5 (6–7) inner marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8217FDC7FD8CFDB3" blockId="4.[264,1325,553,1349]" box="[264,534,553,579]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF83FF9A8217FDC7FE2CFDB3" bold="true" box="[264,438,553,579]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Female imago</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF83FF9A82D7FDC7FE4DFDB2" box="[456,471,553,578]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">n</emphasis>
= 8).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FDBFFBC2FD9B" blockId="4.[264,1325,553,1349]" box="[312,1112,593,619]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Total length 6.0–7.0 mm. Coloration as for male, but slightly darker.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FD97FED0FCAB" blockId="4.[264,1325,553,1349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Head: Lengths of antennal flagellomeres 2–6: 68–93; 93–136; 99–136; 111–142; 105–136 µm. AR = 0.403–0.404. Maxillary palpomeres 2–5: 49–56; 167–272; 191–253; 309–401 µm. Frontal tubercles short (21–39 µm). Long, about 1.5–1.7 times as long as wide. Dorsal and ventral interocular distance of 56–93 µm and 68–117 µm, respectively. 26–40 temporal setae; 38–42 clypeal setae, sensilla near tip of palpomere 3 with 3 hair­like setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FC87FC4DFC23" blockId="4.[264,1325,553,1349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Thorax: Setal count: Acrostichals 28–38, biserial and beginning near the antepronotum; dorsocentrals 38–60, partly biserial; prealars 6–9; supra­alar 1; scutellars 27–42, uniserial transversally arranged. Scutal tubercle short.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FC0FFB46FB8A" blockId="4.[264,1325,553,1349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
Wing: Length
<quantity id="4CB209E5FF83FF9A82F9FC0FFD02FC0B" box="[486,664,993,1019]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8099999999999996" metricValueMax="3.34" metricValueMin="2.28" pageId="4" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="2.8099999999999996" valueMax="3.34" valueMin="2.28">2.28–3.34 mm</quantity>
. Membrane transparent, without setae; most veins pale brown; RM and FCu dark brown, RM darker than FCu. Brachiolum with 3 setae. R, R1 and R4+5 with 33–50, 26–48 and 47–55 setae; R4+5 setae distributed in the distal 4/5 of the vein. Squama with 15–30 setae. R2+3 ends halfway between R1 and R4+5. VR = 1.11–1.12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FB65FDC5FB3D" blockId="4.[264,1325,553,1349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
Legs: Lengths and proportions as in
<tableCitation id="C6C891BBFF83FF9A81F3FB65FCDBFB55" box="[748,833,1163,1189]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 1. Lengths of leg segments (in m) and leg ratios (LR) of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. A. Male. B. Female. BR: bristle ratio." pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Table 1</tableCitation>
B. Mid and hind tarsomere 1 with 60–75 and 83–101 sensilla chaetica.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FB35FB43FAB5" blockId="4.[264,1325,553,1349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Genitalia: Gonocoxite IX short, with 3–4 setae. Segment X with 7–11 setae on each side. Sternite VIII with 35–49 setae on each side. Postgenital plate triangular, base 85 µm and height 22 µm. Spermathecal duct slightly curved, 0.9 times shorter than notum.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8217FA98FE2FFA60" blockId="4.[264,1324,1398,1904]" box="[264,437,1398,1424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF83FF9A8217FA98FED3FA60" bold="true" box="[264,329,1398,1424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Pupa</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF83FF9A8245FA99FEF3FA60" box="[346,361,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">n</emphasis>
= 11).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FA70FC29FA48" blockId="4.[264,1324,1398,1904]" box="[312,947,1438,1464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
Length of abdomen
<quantity id="4CB209E5FF83FF9A813AFA70FD2CFA48" box="[549,694,1438,1464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.949999999999999" metricValueMax="7.6" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="6.949999999999999" valueMax="7.6" valueMin="6.3">6.3–7.6 mm</quantity>
. Exuviae pale brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227FA28FD65F9A8" blockId="4.[264,1324,1398,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
Cephalothorax: Cephalic tubercles conical; frontal setae 185–253 µm long (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF83FF9A87CEFA28FA86FA10" box="[1233,1308,1478,1504]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Thoracic horn basal ring as in
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF83FF9A819DFA00FD57F9F8" box="[642,717,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
. Thorax granulose in anteromedian dorsal region; scutal tubercle present. Thoracic chaetotaxy on either side: 2 lateral antepronotals, 2 precorneals, and 4 separated dorsocentrals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF83FF9A8227F988FC6BF880" blockId="4.[264,1324,1398,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
Abdomen: Tergite VI with a pair of small posterior patches of shagreen points; VI and VII with fine shagreen near anterior margin; VIII with pair of posterocentral patches of fine shagreen. V and VI with posterolateral point patches. Conjunctives IV/V, V/VI, and VI/VII with fine shagreen. Hook row continuous, occupying 1/2 width of segment II. Pedes spurii B present on II. Pedes spurii A present on IV. Segment VIII spur with 1 apical tooth (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF83FF9A824AF8C0FE06F8B8" box="[341,412,1838,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Segments I–IV = 0,3,3,3 L setae; V–VIII with 4 taeniae. Anal lobe on each side with 1 stout dorsal seta and about 130 taeniate fringe setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF35F488FF82FF9B8217F935FED7F8AE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF82FF9B8217F935FED7F8AE" blockId="5.[264,1323,1754,1886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B8217F935FE59F903" bold="true" box="[264,451,1754,1780]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">FIGURES 6–16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF82FF9B82D5F935FD5FF902" box="[458,709,1755,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B82D5F935FD5FF902" box="[458,709,1755,1778]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Chironomus inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF82FF9B81D4F935FC9FF902" box="[715,773,1755,1778]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B8013F935FCA6F903" bold="true" box="[780,828,1754,1780]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">6–8.</emphasis>
Pupa.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B809AF935FC03F903" bold="true" box="[901,921,1755,1779]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">6.</emphasis>
Frontal region.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B8759F935FBC3F903" bold="true" box="[1094,1113,1755,1779]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">7.</emphasis>
Basal ring.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B87C3F935FB75F903" bold="true" box="[1244,1263,1755,1779]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">8.</emphasis>
Anal spur.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B825BF8EEFE1BF8E8" bold="true" box="[324,385,1791,1817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">9–16.</emphasis>
Larva.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B82C7F8EEFE71F8E8" bold="true" box="[472,491,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">9.</emphasis>
Head, ventral view
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B81D3F8EEFD74F8E8" bold="true" box="[716,750,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">10.</emphasis>
Antenna.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B807EF8EEFCE5F8E8" bold="true" box="[865,895,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">11.</emphasis>
Pecten epipharyngis.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B876CF8EEFB0EF8E8" bold="true" box="[1139,1172,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">12.</emphasis>
Premandible.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B8217F8CAFEB3F8CC" bold="true" box="[264,297,1828,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">13.</emphasis>
Labral seta.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B82A5F8CAFE41F8CC" bold="true" box="[442,475,1828,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">14.</emphasis>
Mandible.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B8145F8CAFDE1F8CC" bold="true" box="[602,635,1828,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">15.</emphasis>
Mentum and ventromental plate.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF82FF9B80EFF8CAFB8BF8CC" bold="true" box="[1008,1041,1828,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">16.</emphasis>
Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF35F488FF81FF988217F962FB09F8DE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171892/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[364,1214,328,1647]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF81FF988217F962FB09F8DE" blockId="6.[264,1323,1676,1838]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF81FF988217F962FE0DF954" bold="true" box="[264,407,1676,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
Polytene chromosomes of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF81FF9881A5F963FC2EF954" box="[698,948,1677,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF81FF9881A5F963FC2EF954" box="[698,948,1677,1700]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Chironomus inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF81FF9880A5F963FC6CF954" box="[954,1014,1677,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: AE, BF, CD, and G. Arrows indicate centromere positions. Double arrows indicate positions of marker bands or group of bands. BR = Balbiani ring. N = nucleolar organizer. P = puff. Bold letter I indicates section involved in inversion. (a) Heterozygous inversion in arm G. Homologues are unpaired. One homologue has band sequence 6 (BR),1,2,3,4,5, and the other has 6,4,2,3,1,5 (BR) due to inversions.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF35F488FF80FF998217FEF5FDE0FEA3" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998217FEF5FDE0FEA3" blockId="7.[264,1323,283,339]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998217FEF5FEE1FEC3" bold="true" box="[264,379,283,307]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Lengths of leg segments (in m) and leg ratios (LR) of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF80FF9980CEFEF2FB51FEC3" box="[977,1227,284,307]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF9980CEFEF2FB51FEC3" box="[977,1227,284,307]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Chironomus inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF80FF9987CEFEF2FA90FEC3" box="[1233,1290,284,307]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A. Male. B. Female. BR: bristle ratio.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998212FE9AFB64FE7B" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[269,1278,372,400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">A Fe Ti Ta1 Ta2 Ta3 Ta4 Ta5 LR BR</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998212FE4CFB62FE46" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[269,1272,417,441]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">LI 1185 1046 1692 846 692 692 354 1.62 2.5</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998256FE22FAB8FE11" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[329,1314,460,481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998256FE22FE2EFE11" box="[329,436,460,481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1046" valueMax="1477">1046–1477</date>
923–1308
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998123FE22FD32FE11" box="[572,680,460,481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1477" valueMax="2154">1477–2154</date>
754–1062 615–892 600–877 323–431 1.60–1.65 1.6–2.0
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998212FE19FB0AFDFC" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[269,1168,503,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">LII 1231 1123 692 385 262 185 138 0.62</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998256FDCFFB5CFDC6" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[329,1222,545,566]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998256FDCFFE29FDC6" box="[329,435,545,566]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1154" valueMax="1600">1154–1600</date>
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF9982DCFDCFFDB5FDC6" box="[451,559,545,566]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1015" valueMax="1354">1015–1354</date>
569–846 354–462 246–323 169–231 108–169 0.56–0.63
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998212FDA2FB0AFD91" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[269,1168,588,611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">LIII 1354 1323 1031 538 415 246 185 0.78</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998256FD99FB5CFD7C" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[329,1222,631,652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998256FD99FE2EFD7C" box="[329,436,631,652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1277" valueMax="1785">1277–1785</date>
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF9982DCFD99FDB5FD7C" box="[451,559,631,652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1215" valueMax="1738">1215–1738</date>
846–1231 508–646 369–523 246–338 169–231 0.70–0.71
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998212FD4CFB1FFD46" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[269,1157,673,699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">B Fe Ti Ta1 Ta2 Ta3 Ta4 Ta5 LR</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998212FD22FAB8FD11" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[269,1314,716,739]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
LI
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998256FD22FE29FD11" box="[329,435,716,737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1108" valueMax="1631">1108–1631</date>
923–1385
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998123FD22FD32FD11" box="[572,680,716,737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1585" valueMax="2246">1585–2246</date>
800–1062 662–938 723–969 323–446 1.72–1.62 1.7–2.3
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998212FD19FB5CFCFC" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" box="[269,1222,759,782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
LII
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998256FD19FE29FCFC" box="[329,435,759,780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1169" valueMax="1662">1169–1662</date>
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF9982DCFD19FDB5FCFC" box="[451,559,759,780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1046" valueMax="1585">1046–1585</date>
600–815 323–477 231–292 154–215 108–169 0.57–0.51
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998212FCCCFDF3FC51" blockId="7.[269,1314,372,825]" lastBlockId="7.[264,1323,903,1413]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
LIII
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998256FCCCFE2FFCC7" box="[329,437,802,823]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1292" valueMax="1800">1292–1800</date>
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF9982DCFCCCFDB5FCC7" box="[451,559,802,823]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" value="1215" valueMax="1738">1215–1738</date>
877–1277 492–677 369–523 246–308 169–200 0.72–0.73
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998217FC69FE61FC51" bold="true" box="[264,507,903,929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fourth­instar larva</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998113FC66FD81FC51" box="[524,539,904,929]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">n</emphasis>
= 30).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998227FC41FEBDFC01" blockId="7.[264,1323,903,1413]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
Total length
<quantity id="4CB209E5FF80FF9982D3FC41FDE3FC39" box="[460,633,943,969]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.5" valueMin="11.5">11.5–15.5 mm</quantity>
. Body red; head yellowish, with spot on gular region (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF9987E4FC41FE83FC01" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998227FC11FDB8FAC1" blockId="7.[264,1323,903,1413]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
Head: Ventral head length 248–280 µm, head width 528–634 µm. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF9987D5FC11FABBFBE9" box="[1226,1313,1023,1049]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) length 124–173 µm; AR = 2.08 (1.56–2.39); ring organ near antennal base; antennal blade longer than flagellum. Pecten epipharyngis simple, consisting of about 13 subequal teeth (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF99820EFB99FEFCFB61" box="[273,358,1143,1169]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Premandible bifid with well­developed brush (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF998084FB99FC68FB61" box="[923,1010,1143,1169]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). SI plumose as in
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF9987D1FB99FAB9FB61" box="[1230,1315,1143,1169]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
. Mandible (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF998295FB71FE7BFB49" box="[394,481,1183,1209]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) with yellowish brown dorsal tooth; apical and 3 inner teeth blackish; inner margin bears 2 or 3 spines. Mentum (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF99801BFB29FCC3FB11" box="[772,857,1223,1249]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) with trifid median tooth and 6 pairs of lateral teeth blackish. Ventromental plates separated by about 1/5 width of mentum; anterior margin smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998227FAADFA99FA75" blockId="7.[264,1323,903,1413]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
Abdomen with lateral tubules about 1/3 as long as 8th abdominal segment, and 2 pairs of long, slightly spiral ventral tubules. Anal tubules with median constriction (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF998781FA85FB6FFA75" box="[1182,1269,1387,1413]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 16" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[305,1291,334,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1297,329,1727]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 16. Chironomus inquinatus sp. n. 6 – 8. Pupa. 6. Frontal region. 7. Basal ring. 8. Anal spur. 9 – 16. Larva. 9. Head, ventral view 10. Antenna. 11. Pecten epipharyngis. 12. Premandible. 13. Labral seta. 14. Mandible. 15. Mentum and ventromental plate. 16. Lateral, ventral, and anal tubuli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998217FA55FE61FA25" blockId="7.[264,1323,1467,1893]" box="[264,507,1467,1493]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998217FA55FE17FA25" bold="true" box="[264,397,1467,1493]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Karyotype</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998280FA55FE34FA24" box="[415,430,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">n</emphasis>
= 17).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF998227FA0DFE38F96D" blockId="7.[264,1323,1467,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF80FF998227FA0DFDCFFA0C" box="[312,597,1507,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998227FA0DFDCFFA0C" box="[312,597,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Chironomus inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF80FF998179FA0DFD34FA0D" box="[614,686,1507,1533]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to the
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998095FA0DFBAFFA0C" box="[906,1077,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">pseudothummi</emphasis>
cytocomplex, with chromosome arm combinations AE, BF, CD, and G (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF80FF998064F9E5FC67F9D5" author="Keyl" box="[891,1021,1547,1573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" refString="Keyl, H. G. (1962) Chromosomenevolution bei Chironomus. II. Chromosomenumbauten und phylogenetische Beziehungen der Arten. Chromosoma, 13, 464 - 514." type="journal article" year="1962">Keyl 1962</bibRefCitation>
). The centromere regions are well expressed in all chromosomes but slightly heterochromatized (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF998755F9DDFB3BF9BD" box="[1098,1185,1587,1613]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[364,1214,328,1647]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[364,1223,326,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 17. Polytene chromosomes of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n.: AE, BF, CD, and G. Arrows indicate centromere positions. Double arrows indicate positions of marker bands or group of bands. BR = Balbiani ring. N = nucleolar organizer. P = puff. Bold letter I indicates section involved in inversion. (a) Heterozygous inversion in arm G. Homologues are unpaired. One homologue has band sequence 6 (BR), 1,2,3,4,5, and the other has 6, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5 (BR) due to inversions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171892/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). In arm A, there is one nucleolar organizer (N) and in arm G, one Balbiani ring (BR) is localized near the telomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF80FF968227F945FB25FE1F" blockId="7.[264,1323,1467,1893]" lastBlockId="8.[319,1316,321,838]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
Arm A has the following banding pattern: 1a–e/ 12a–10 / 4–6c / 12bc / 6d–9 /3c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF80FF998605F945FE8DF91D" bridgedPair="/" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">i/ 2</date>
c–1f / 2d–3b (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF80FF9982A2F93DFDA9F91D" box="[445,563,1747,1773]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[364,1214,328,1647]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[364,1223,326,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 17. Polytene chromosomes of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n.: AE, BF, CD, and G. Arrows indicate centromere positions. Double arrows indicate positions of marker bands or group of bands. BR = Balbiani ring. N = nucleolar organizer. P = puff. Bold letter I indicates section involved in inversion. (a) Heterozygous inversion in arm G. Homologues are unpaired. One homologue has band sequence 6 (BR), 1,2,3,4,5, and the other has 6, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5 (BR) due to inversions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171892/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Figure 17</figureCitation>
). There is one nucleolar organizer (N) near the center of arm A.
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF80FF998217F915FD81F8E4" box="[264,539,1787,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998217F915FD81F8E4" box="[264,539,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Chironomus inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF80FF99813DF915FDFBF8E5" box="[546,609,1787,1813]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is five inversions distant from
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF80FF9980D1F915FAB0F8E4" authority="Wulker et al." authorityName="Wulker et al." box="[974,1322,1787,1813]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbiensis">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF9980D1F915FB13F8E4" box="[974,1161,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C. columbiensis</emphasis>
Wülker
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF9987EFF915FAB0F8E4" box="[1264,1322,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and six inversions distant from
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF80FF99819CF8CDFB0FF8CD" authority="Williston (Wulker et al. 1989)" authorityName="Williston (Wulker et al." authorityYear="1989" box="[643,1173,1827,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anonymus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF99819CF8CDFC84F8CC" box="[643,798,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C. anonymus</emphasis>
Williston (Wülker
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF998718F8CDFBD9F8CC" box="[1031,1091,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
1989)
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, 10 inversions differentiate it from the standard sequences of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF80FF9980D5F8A5FB3EF895" authority="Keyl" authorityName="Keyl" box="[970,1188,1867,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holomelas">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF80FF9980D5F8A5FBFFF894" box="[970,1125,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C. holomelas</emphasis>
Keyl
</taxonomicName>
as follows:
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968220FEACFD95FEA9" box="[319,527,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968220FEACFE55FEA9" box="[319,463,322,345]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">C. inquinatus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF8FFF9682C9FEACFD95FEA9" box="[470,527,322,345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
1a–e
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968194FEADFC84FEAB" bold="true" box="[651,798,321,347]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
12a–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681DEFEADFC88FEAB" box="[705,786,321,347]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1910-06-04">10 4–6</date>
c
</emphasis>
12bc 6d–9
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680AEFEADFB1AFEAB" bold="true" box="[945,1152,321,347]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
3c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9680C6FEADFC60FEAB" box="[985,1018,323,347]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">i 2</date>
c–1f 2d–3b
</emphasis>
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968792FEADFDD7FE8F" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">13–19 1</date>
a–e 6c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681ACFE86FC8CFE8F" box="[691,790,359,385]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1910-04-12">4 10–12</date>
abc 6d–9
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680BDFE86FBEBFE70" bold="true" box="[930,1137,358,384]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
3b–2d 1f–2c
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF96875DFE86FBFFFE70" box="[1090,1125,358,384]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">i–3</date>
c
</emphasis>
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968761FE86FDD7FE54" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">13–19 1</date>
a–e 6c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681ACFE63FC8CFE54" box="[691,790,396,422]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1910-04-12">4 10–12</date>
abc 6d–9 3c–
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680D5FE63FBEBFE55" bold="true" box="[970,1137,395,421]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9680D5FE63FC76FE55" box="[970,1004,397,421]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">i 2</date>
c–1f 2d–3b
</emphasis>
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968761FE63FDD7FE3A" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">13–19 1</date>
a–e 6c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681ACFE5DFC8CFE3A" box="[691,790,433,459]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1910-04-12">4 10–12</date>
abc 6d–9
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680BDFE5DFB8AFE3B" bold="true" box="[930,1040,433,459]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">3c–3b 2d</emphasis>
1f–2c–i
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968761FE5DFDD7FE1F" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">13–19 1</date>
a–e 6c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681ACFE36FC8CFE1F" box="[691,790,471,497]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1910-04-12">4 10–12</date>
abc 6d–9 2d–3b
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680EBFE36FBC2FE00" bold="true" box="[1012,1112,470,496]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">3c–1f 2c</emphasis>
–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968779FE36FB25FE1F" box="[1126,1215,471,497]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">i 13–19</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968220FDEAFB09FDEC" blockId="8.[319,1316,321,838]" box="[319,1171,515,542]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968220FDEAFE73FDEB" box="[319,489,516,539]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbiensis">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968220FDEAFE73FDEB" box="[319,489,516,539]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. columbiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1a–e
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968194FDEBFC82FDED" bold="true" box="[651,792,515,541]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
6c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681ACFDEBFC82FDED" box="[691,792,515,541]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1910-04-12">4 10–12</date>
</emphasis>
6d–9 2d–3b 2c–1f 3c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968724FDEBFB09FDEC" box="[1083,1171,516,542]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">i 13–19</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968220FDDCFB17FDBA" blockId="8.[319,1316,321,838]" box="[319,1165,561,587]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968220FDDCFE50FDB9" box="[319,458,562,585]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anonymus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968220FDDCFE50FDB9" box="[319,458,562,585]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. anonymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1a–e
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968194FDDDFC9FFDBA" box="[651,773,561,587]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1912-04-10" valueMax="1912-06-10" valueMin="1912-04-10">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968194FDDDFD54FDBB" bold="true" box="[651,718,561,587]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">12–10</emphasis>
4–6
</date>
c 6d–9 2d–3b 2c–1f 3c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF96872BFDDDFB17FDBA" box="[1076,1165,561,587]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">i 13–19</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968220FDB0FBDCFD87" blockId="8.[319,1316,321,838]" box="[319,1094,606,633]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
Inter 3 1a–e
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968194FD8EFCFBFD88" bold="true" box="[651,865,606,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
10–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681ABFD8EFD55FD88" box="[692,719,608,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1912-04-02" valueMax="1912-09-02" valueMin="1912-04-02">12</date>
4–9 2d–3b
</emphasis>
2c–1f 3c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9680F1FD8EFBDCFD87" box="[1006,1094,607,633]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">i 13–19</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968220FD62FBDAFD55" blockId="8.[319,1316,321,838]" box="[319,1088,652,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
Inter 2 1a–e
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968194FD63FC31FD55" bold="true" box="[651,939,652,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
3b–2d 9–4
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968009FD63FCE0FD55" box="[790,890,652,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1912-02-10">12–10 2</date>
c–1f
</emphasis>
3c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9680F8FD60FBDAFD55" box="[999,1088,652,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">i 13–19</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968220FD57FC05FD22" blockId="8.[319,1316,321,838]" box="[319,927,697,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
Inter 1 1–2c 10–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681B0FD55FD50FD22" box="[687,714,699,722]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1912-04-02" valueMax="1912-09-02" valueMin="1912-04-02">12</date>
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9681C8FD55FCD7FD23" bold="true" box="[727,845,697,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
4–9 2d–3
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968059FD55FCD7FD23" box="[838,845,699,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-01-19">i</date>
</emphasis>
13–19
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968220FD09FC39FD0F" blockId="8.[319,1316,321,838]" box="[319,931,743,769]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968220FD09FE56FD0E" box="[319,460,743,766]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holomelas">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968220FD09FE56FD0E" box="[319,460,743,766]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. holomelas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1–2c
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF96819AFD06FD7EFD0F" box="[645,740,743,769]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1910-03-12">10–12 3</date>
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF9681FBFD06FC9DFD0F" box="[740,775,743,769]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">i–2</date>
d 9–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF96805AFD06FC39FD0F" box="[837,931,743,769]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-04-19">4 13–19</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF96815CFCE2FC3CFCB5" blockId="8.[319,1316,321,838]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
(The sites of inversions are shown in bold; intermediates 3, 2, 1 are according to Wülker
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF96803AFCC1FCC1FCB6" box="[805,859,815,838]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
1989).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968227FC97FECEFBC3" blockId="8.[264,1324,889,1799]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
Arm B has two dark bands near the telomere, like those in
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF96870AFC97FE7EFC4B" authority="Goeldi (Spies et al. 2002)" authorityName="Goeldi (Spies et al." authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calligraphus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF96870AFC97FB55FC62" box="[1045,1231,889,914]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. calligraphus</emphasis>
Goeldi (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF8FFF96820FFC4FFE46FC4B" author="Spies" box="[272,476,929,955]" pageId="8" pageNumber="68" refString="Spies, M., Sublette, J. E., Sublette, M. F., Wulker, W. F., Martin, J., Hille, A., Miller, M. A. &amp; Witt, K. (2002) Pan-American Chironomus calligraphus Goeldi, 1905 (Diptera, Chironomidae): species or complex? Evidence from external morphology, karyology and DNA sequencing. Aquatic Insects, 24, 91 - 113." type="journal article" year="2002">
Spies
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968246FC4FFE0FFC4A" box="[345,405,929,954]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The puff, a specific marker indicated as section
<quantity id="4CB209E5FF8FFF968738FC4FFBCFFC4B" box="[1063,1109,929,955]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968743FC4FFE72FC13" authority="Strenzke (Devai et al. 1989)" authorityName="Strenzke (Devai et al." authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968743FC4FFB27FC4A" box="[1116,1213,929,954]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. piger</emphasis>
Strenzke (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF8FFF96820FFC27FE45FC13" author="Devai" box="[272,479,969,995]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" refString="Devai, G., Miskolczi, M. &amp; Wulker, W. (1989) Standardization of chromosome arms B, C and D in Chironomus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Acta Biologica Debrecina, Supplement Oecologica Hungarica, 2, 79 - 92." type="journal article" year="1989">
Dévai
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968240FC27FE03FC12" box="[351,409,969,994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
1989
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, is near the middle of the arm. The sections indicated as 1 and
<quantity id="4CB209E5FF8FFF9687D8FC27FB6EFC13" box="[1223,1268,969,995]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF8FFF9687E4FC27FEBFFBFB" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[364,1214,328,1647]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[364,1223,326,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 17. Polytene chromosomes of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n.: AE, BF, CD, and G. Arrows indicate centromere positions. Double arrows indicate positions of marker bands or group of bands. BR = Balbiani ring. N = nucleolar organizer. P = puff. Bold letter I indicates section involved in inversion. (a) Heterozygous inversion in arm G. Homologues are unpaired. One homologue has band sequence 6 (BR), 1,2,3,4,5, and the other has 6, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5 (BR) due to inversions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171892/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
are similar to those located proximal to the telomere of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF9680C5FC1FFECAFBC3" authority="Wulker et al. 1989" authorityName="Wulker et al." authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anonymus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680C5FC1FFBECFBFA" box="[986,1142,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. anonymus</emphasis>
(Wülker
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9687F2FC1FFAB1FBFA" box="[1261,1323,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
1989)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968227FBAFFE71FB23" blockId="8.[264,1324,889,1799]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
Arm C is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968193FBAFFBB5FBAB" authority="Wulker et al. 1989" authorityName="Wulker et al." authorityYear="1989" box="[652,1071,1089,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anonymus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968193FBAFFCB2FBAA" box="[652,808,1089,1114]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. anonymus</emphasis>
(Wülker
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968080FBAFFC47FBAA" box="[927,989,1089,1114]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
1989)
</taxonomicName>
, especially section 1 (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF8FFF96820EFB87FEF6FB73" box="[273,364,1129,1155]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[364,1214,328,1647]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[364,1223,326,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 17. Polytene chromosomes of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n.: AE, BF, CD, and G. Arrows indicate centromere positions. Double arrows indicate positions of marker bands or group of bands. BR = Balbiani ring. N = nucleolar organizer. P = puff. Bold letter I indicates section involved in inversion. (a) Heterozygous inversion in arm G. Homologues are unpaired. One homologue has band sequence 6 (BR), 1,2,3,4,5, and the other has 6, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5 (BR) due to inversions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171892/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
), which corresponds to bands located near the telomere of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968753FB87FB70FB72" box="[1100,1258,1129,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anonymus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968753FB87FB70FB72" box="[1100,1258,1129,1154]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. anonymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The “dumbbell” structure (band groups 3–4
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9681C6FB7FFC80FB5A" box="[729,794,1169,1194]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF8FFF96803EFB7FFC71FB5B" author="Devai" box="[801,1003,1169,1195]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" refString="Devai, G., Miskolczi, M. &amp; Wulker, W. (1989) Standardization of chromosome arms B, C and D in Chironomus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Acta Biologica Debrecina, Supplement Oecologica Hungarica, 2, 79 - 92." type="journal article" year="1989">
Dévai
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968071FB7FFC33FB5A" box="[878,937,1169,1194]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
1989
</bibRefCitation>
) is located in the middle of the arm (section 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968227FB0FFDD0FA6F" blockId="8.[264,1324,889,1799]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
Arm D is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968194FB0FFBCAFB0B" authority="Wulker et al. 1989" authorityName="Wulker et al." authorityYear="1989" box="[651,1104,1249,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbiensis">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968194FB0FFCD0FB0A" box="[651,842,1249,1274]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. columbiensis</emphasis>
(Wülker
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680DFFB0FFC64FB0A" box="[960,1022,1249,1274]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
1989)
</taxonomicName>
. However, part of section C (subsection C1) is in an inverted position compared with that of
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968777FAE7FAB1FAD2" box="[1128,1323,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968777FAE7FABDFAD2" box="[1128,1319,1289,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbiensis">C. columbiensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The bands in sections “A” and “B” are similar to those of C.
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680FCFADBFB19FABE" box="[995,1155,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF9680FCFADBFB1AFABE" box="[995,1152,1333,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbiensis">columbiensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The two dark bands, which are the marker bands most characteristic for the pattern in arm D, are located near the centromere region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968227FA43FD91F997" blockId="8.[264,1324,889,1799]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
Arm E has the following banding pattern: 1–2/ 9–10b/ 3e–a/ 8–3f/ 10c–13. This banding configuration is similar to that in
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF9681EBFA3BFC35FA1E" box="[756,943,1493,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbiensis">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9681EBFA3BFC35FA1E" box="[756,943,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. columbiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF9680F7FA3BFED5F9E7" authority="Wulker et al. 1989" authorityName="Wulker et al." authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anonymus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680F7FA3BFB1BFA1E" box="[1000,1153,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. anonymus</emphasis>
(Wülker
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9687EFFA3BFAB1FA1E" box="[1264,1323,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
1989)
</taxonomicName>
, differing by only one inversion (I) inside of section 8–3f (
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF8FFF968712FA13FB1EF9E7" box="[1037,1156,1533,1559]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[364,1214,328,1647]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[364,1223,326,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 17. Polytene chromosomes of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n.: AE, BF, CD, and G. Arrows indicate centromere positions. Double arrows indicate positions of marker bands or group of bands. BR = Balbiani ring. N = nucleolar organizer. P = puff. Bold letter I indicates section involved in inversion. (a) Heterozygous inversion in arm G. Homologues are unpaired. One homologue has band sequence 6 (BR), 1,2,3,4,5, and the other has 6, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5 (BR) due to inversions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171892/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Figure 17</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF968784FA13FE1EF9CE" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF968784FA13FE1EF9CE" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Chironomus inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF8FFF96828DF9CBFE4DF9CF" box="[402,471,1573,1599]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
also differs by inversion 3a–9 from the basic pattern of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF9687B0F9CBFD92F997" authority="Strenzke (Keyl 1962)" authorityName="Strenzke (Keyl" authorityYear="1962" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luridus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9687B0F9CBFAB0F9CE" box="[1199,1322,1573,1598]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. luridus</emphasis>
Strenzke (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF8FFF968262F9A3FE64F997" author="Keyl" box="[381,510,1613,1639]" pageId="8" pageNumber="68" refString="Keyl, H. G. (1962) Chromosomenevolution bei Chironomus. II. Chromosomenumbauten und phylogenetische Beziehungen der Arten. Chromosoma, 13, 464 - 514." type="journal article" year="1962">Keyl 1962</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8FFF968227F99BFC34F8F7" blockId="8.[264,1324,889,1799]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
Arm F has the following banding pattern: 1/ 6b–2/
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968719F99BFB12F97F" box="[1030,1160,1653,1679]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1911-10-09" valueMax="1911-10-08" valueMin="1911-10-09">11–10–9–8</date>
cb / 7–6c /
<date id="FFF482C0FF8FFF968217F973FE3DF947" box="[264,423,1693,1719]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" value="1913-12-14" valueMax="1913-12-15" valueMin="1913-12-14">13–12–14–15</date>
–16–17–18–19/ 20–23. The banding pattern of the new species is distinguished by three homozygous inversions from
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF9680B6F92BFBF4F92E" box="[937,1134,1733,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbiensis">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9680B6F92BFBF4F92E" box="[937,1134,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. columbiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and by seven inversions from the basic pattern of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8FFF9681B0F903FC30F8F7" authority="Keyl 1962" authorityName="Keyl" authorityYear="1962" box="[687,938,1773,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8FFF9681B0F903FC8AF8F6" box="[687,784,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C. piger</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDBD9F1FF8FFF968000F903FC3BF8F7" author="Keyl" box="[799,929,1773,1799]" pageId="8" pageNumber="68" refString="Keyl, H. G. (1962) Chromosomenevolution bei Chironomus. II. Chromosomenumbauten und phylogenetische Beziehungen der Arten. Chromosoma, 13, 464 - 514." type="journal article" year="1962">Keyl 1962</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8EFF978220FEACFA86FEAA" blockId="9.[319,1308,321,665]" box="[319,1308,321,347]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8EFF978220FEACFE54FEA9" box="[319,462,322,345]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF978220FEACFE54FEA9" box="[319,462,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">C. inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20DC569FF8EFF9782C9FEAFFD95FEA8" box="[470,527,321,344]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
1 6b–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF978191FEADFC9DFEAB" box="[654,775,321,347]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1911-02-10" valueMax="1911-02-09" valueMin="1911-02-10">
2
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF9781B7FEADFC9DFEAB" bold="true" box="[680,775,321,347]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">11–10–9</emphasis>
</date>
–8cb 7–6c–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF978090FEADFBBCFEAB" box="[911,1062,321,347]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1913-12-14" valueMax="1913-12-15" valueMin="1913-12-14">13–12–14–15</date>
–16–17–18–19 20–23
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8EFF978220FE80FBECFE44" blockId="9.[319,1308,321,665]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
Inter 2 1
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF97817BFE9EFD74FE78" bold="true" box="[612,750,366,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
6b–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF978190FE9EFD74FE78" box="[655,750,366,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1915-02-19" valueMax="1915-02-16" valueMin="1915-02-19">2 19–16</date>
</emphasis>
15–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF97803BFE9EFC36FE77" box="[804,940,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1914-06-12" valueMax="1914-06-13" valueMin="1914-06-12">14–12–13 6</date>
c–7–8bc–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF978707FE9EFB52FE77" box="[1048,1224,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1911-09-20" valueMax="1911-10-23" valueMin="1911-09-20">9–10–11 20–23</date>
Inter
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF978267FE72FDE5FE44" box="[376,639,412,436]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1916-01-01">1 1 16</date>
–19
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF9781A9FE73FD74FE45" bold="true" box="[694,750,411,437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">2–6b</emphasis>
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9781E4FE73FCC3FE44" box="[763,857,412,438]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1915-06-13">15–13 6</date>
c–7–8bc–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9780DAFE73FBECFE44" box="[965,1142,412,438]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1911-09-20" valueMax="1911-10-23" valueMin="1911-09-20">9–10–11 20–23</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8EFF978220FE24FBECFE12" blockId="9.[319,1308,321,665]" box="[319,1142,457,483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8EFF978220FE24FE73FE11" box="[319,489,458,481]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbiensis">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF978220FE24FE73FE11" box="[319,489,458,481]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">C. columbiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF978155FE25FD33FE13" box="[586,681,457,483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1916-01-19">
1
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF97817BFE25FD33FE13" bold="true" box="[612,681,457,483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">16–19</emphasis>
</date>
6b–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9781FEFE25FCA5FE12" box="[737,831,457,483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1915-02-13">2 15–13</date>
6c–7–8bc–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9780DAFE25FBECFE12" box="[965,1142,457,483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1911-09-20" valueMax="1911-10-23" valueMin="1911-09-20">9–10–11 20–23</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8EFF978220FE18FB05FDCC" blockId="9.[319,1308,321,665]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
Inter 3 1 2–6b 19–16
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9781E5FE16FC1BFDFF" box="[762,897,502,529]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1915-06-12" valueMax="1915-06-13" valueMin="1915-06-12">
15–
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF97803CFE16FCFDFDE0" bold="true" box="[803,871,502,528]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">12–13</emphasis>
6
</date>
c–7–8bc–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9780F2FE16FB07FDFF" box="[1005,1181,503,529]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1911-09-20" valueMax="1911-10-23" valueMin="1911-09-20">9–10–11 20–23</date>
Inter 2 1 2–6b 19–16
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9781E5FDCBFC1BFDCD" box="[762,897,548,574]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1912-06-15" valueMax="1912-06-13" valueMin="1912-06-15">
15–13–12
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF97806BFDCBFC1BFDCD" bold="true" box="[884,897,549,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">6</emphasis>
</date>
c–7–8bc–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9780F0FDCBFB05FDCC" box="[1007,1183,547,574]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1911-09-20" valueMax="1911-10-23" valueMin="1911-09-20">9–10–11 20–23</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8EFF978220FDBFFB05FD9A" blockId="9.[319,1308,321,665]" box="[319,1183,593,619]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
Inter 1 1 2–6b
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF9781B7FDBDFBD7FD9B" bold="true" box="[680,1101,593,619]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
19–
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF9781CDFDBDFCFDFD9B" box="[722,871,593,619]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1916-12-15" valueMax="1916-12-13" valueMin="1916-12-15">16 15–13–12</date>
<date id="FFF482C0FF8EFF97806BFDBDFC74FD9B" box="[884,1006,593,619]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" value="1911-10-09" valueMax="1911-10-08" valueMin="1911-10-09">11–10–9–8</date>
cb–7–6c
</emphasis>
20–23
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8EFF978220FD91FCA5FD67" blockId="9.[319,1308,321,665]" box="[319,831,639,665]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8EFF978220FD91FE0CFD66" box="[319,406,639,662]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF978220FD91FE0CFD66" box="[319,406,639,662]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">C. piger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1 2–6b–6c–19–20–23
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5A400FF8EFF978227FD22FE2FFC0E" blockId="9.[264,1323,716,1022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
Arm G has a Balbiani ring near the end opposite the centromere. No nucleolar organizer is present. Both homologues are paired. The band sequences of C.
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8EFF9787B8FD1AFAB9FCFD" box="[1191,1315,756,781]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquinatus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF9787B8FD1AFAB9FCFD" box="[1191,1315,756,781]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">inquinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, section 6, are similar to band sequences in chromosome G after the Balbiani ring in
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8EFF97860FFCF2FEE5FCAD" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anonymus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF97860FFCF2FEE5FCAD" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">C. anonymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the band sequences in the middle of arm G, sections 2 and 3, are similar to those in the middle of chromosome G of
<taxonomicName id="4C4ADF83FF8EFF97809BFC82FABDFC76" authority="Wulker et al. 1989" authorityName="Wulker et al." authorityYear="1989" box="[900,1319,876,902]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anonymus">
<emphasis id="B93E7812FF8EFF97809BFC82FBBBFC75" box="[900,1057,876,901]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">C. anonymus</emphasis>
(Wülker et al. 1989)
</taxonomicName>
.
<figureCitation id="1371B885FF8EFF978217FC7AFEE3FC5E" box="[264,377,916,942]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[364,1214,328,1647]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[364,1223,326,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 17. Polytene chromosomes of Chironomus inquinatus sp. n.: AE, BF, CD, and G. Arrows indicate centromere positions. Double arrows indicate positions of marker bands or group of bands. BR = Balbiani ring. N = nucleolar organizer. P = puff. Bold letter I indicates section involved in inversion. (a) Heterozygous inversion in arm G. Homologues are unpaired. One homologue has band sequence 6 (BR), 1,2,3,4,5, and the other has 6, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5 (BR) due to inversions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171892/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">Figure 17</figureCitation>
(a) shows a heterozygous inversion occurring in 29.41% of the individuals, with lack of pairing of both homologues and the resultant change in the relative positions of the Balbiani rings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink