treatments-xml/data/03/D0/11/03D0116E4639932C7C95B419BB57FE65.xml

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<mods:title id="51D97009F29F3803198CAC3C9B521F7B">A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217C95B419BFC7FD68" ID-CoL="92MLM" authority="Janse, 1951" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,447,618,645]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217C95B419BF50FD69" bold="true" box="[151,296,618,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217D32B418BFC7FD68" author="Janse, A. J. T." box="[304,447,618,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="173 - 300" refId="ref53155" refString="Janse, A. J. T. (1951) Gelechiidae. The Moths of South Africa, 5 (3), 173 - 300, pls. 89 - 136." type="journal article" year="1951">Janse, 1951</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BC6A078463993217C95B4DCBFB1FD2B" blockId="5.[151,1176,687,926]" box="[151,457,687,711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD88669463993217C95B4DCBFBDFD2B" author="Janse, A. J. T." box="[151,453,687,711]" page="199" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1951">
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217C95B4DCBFBDFD2B" ID-CoL="92MLM" authority="Janse, 1951: 199" authorityName="Janse" authorityPageNumber="199" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,453,687,711]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217C95B4DCBF6AFD2B" box="[151,274,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217D1AB4C3BFBDFD2B" author="Janse, A. J. T." box="[280,453,687,711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="173 - 300" refId="ref53155" refString="Janse, A. J. T. (1951) Gelechiidae. The Moths of South Africa, 5 (3), 173 - 300, pls. 89 - 136." type="journal article" year="1951">Janse, 1951: 199</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BC6A078463993217C95B4BDBCEDFD0A" blockId="5.[151,1176,687,926]" box="[151,661,718,742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="54C21EDA463993217C95B4BDBEB1FD0A" box="[151,201,718,742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D24B4BDBCE9FD0A" authority="Lower, 1900: 417" authorityName="Lower" authorityPageNumber="417" authorityYear="1900" box="[294,657,718,742]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gelechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliopa">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217D24B4BDBFACFD0A" box="[294,468,718,742]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gelechia heliopa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217DD8B4BDBCE9FD0A" author="Lower, O. B." box="[474,657,718,742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="403 - 423" refId="ref53412" refString="Lower, O. B. (1900) Descriptions of new Australian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 25, 403 - 423. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 12162" type="journal article" year="1900">Lower, 1900: 417</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB698756463993217C95B49FBFBCFCE9" box="[151,452,748,773]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<treatmentCitation id="0AD88669463993217C95B49FBFB8FCE9" author="Povolny, D." box="[151,448,748,773]" page="481" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1965">
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217C95B49FBFB8FCE9" ID-CoL="92CD9" authority="Povolny, 1965: 481" authorityName="Povolny" authorityPageNumber="481" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,448,748,773]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Ilseopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217C95B49FBE88FCE8" box="[151,240,748,772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ilseopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217CF4B49FBFB8FCE9" author="Povolny, D." box="[246,448,748,773]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="480 - 495" refId="ref54257" refString="Povolny, D. (1965) Neue und wenig bekannte palaearktische Arten und Gattungen der Tribus Gnorimoschemini nebst Bemerkungen zu ihrer Taxonomie (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta entomologica bohemoslovaka, 62, 480 - 495." type="journal article" year="1965">Povolný, 1965: 481</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BC6A078463993217C95B57FBD88FCCF" blockId="5.[151,1176,687,926]" box="[151,1008,779,804]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="54C21EDA463993217C95B57FBEB1FCC8" box="[151,201,780,804]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D24B578BCF8FCCF" authority="Povolny, 1965" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1965" box="[294,640,779,803]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Ilseopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peterseni">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217D24B578BF9AFCCF" box="[294,482,779,803]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ilseopsis peterseni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217DEBB578BCF8FCCF" author="Povolny, D." box="[489,640,779,803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="480 - 495" refId="ref54257" refString="Povolny, D. (1965) Neue und wenig bekannte palaearktische Arten und Gattungen der Tribus Gnorimoschemini nebst Bemerkungen zu ihrer Taxonomie (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta entomologica bohemoslovaka, 62, 480 - 495." type="journal article" year="1965">Povolný, 1965</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Synonymized by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217F38B578BD94FCCF" author="Sattler, K." box="[826,1004,779,803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="224 - 235" refId="ref54847" refString="Sattler, K. (1988) The systematic status of the genera Ilseopsis Povolny, 1965, and Empista Povolny, 1968 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiinae: Gnorimoshemini). Nota lepidopterologica, 10, 224 - 235." type="journal article" year="1988">Sattler 1988: 231</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC6A078463993217C95B559BFB7FCAE" blockId="5.[151,1176,687,926]" box="[151,463,810,834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB698756463993217C95B559BFB7FCAE" box="[151,463,810,834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<treatmentCitation id="0AD88669463993217C95B559BFB3FCAE" author="Povolny, D." box="[151,459,810,834]" page="232" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1967">
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217C95B559BFB3FCAE" ID-CoL="947LJ" authority="Povolny, 1967: 232" authorityName="Povolny" authorityPageNumber="232" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,459,810,834]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Ergasiola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217C95B559BE82FCAE" box="[151,250,810,834]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ergasiola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217D03B559BFB3FCAE" author="Povolny, D." box="[257,459,810,834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="209 - 250" refId="ref54334" refString="Povolny, D. (1967) Ein kritischer Beitrag zur taxonomischen Klarung einiger palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Scrobipalpa (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Academiae Scientiarum Bohemoslovacae Brno, 1, 209 - 250." type="journal article" year="1967">Povolný, 1967: 232</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC6A078463993217C95B53ABAE0FC8C" blockId="5.[151,1176,687,926]" box="[151,1176,840,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="54C21EDA463993217C95B53ABEB1FC8D" box="[151,201,841,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D24B53BBCD5FC8C" authority="Meyrick, 1916" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1916" box="[294,685,840,864]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Phthorimaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ergasima">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217D24B53BBC76FC8C" box="[294,526,840,864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Phthorimaea ergasima</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217E17B53BBCD5FC8C" author="Meyrick, E." box="[533,685,840,864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="481 - 640" refId="ref53740" refString="Meyrick, E. (1916) Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1 (16 - 20), 481 - 640." type="journal article" year="1916">Meyrick, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Synonymized by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217F6AB53ABAEBFC8C" author="Huemer, P. &amp; Karsholt, O." box="[872,1171,840,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref53010" refString="Huemer, P. &amp; Karsholt, O. (2010) Gelechiidae II (Gelechiinae: Gnorimoschemini). In: Huemer, P., Karsholt, O. &amp; Nuss, M. (Eds.), Microlepidoptra of Europe. Vol. 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 1 - 586. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004260986" type="book" year="2010">Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 57</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463993217C95B514BC78FC93" blockId="5.[151,1176,687,926]" box="[151,512,871,895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217C95B514BF53FC93" box="[151,299,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Euscrobipalpa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217D30B514BF84FC93" author="Povolny, D." box="[306,508,871,895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="209 - 250" refId="ref54334" refString="Povolny, D. (1967) Ein kritischer Beitrag zur taxonomischen Klarung einiger palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Scrobipalpa (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Academiae Scientiarum Bohemoslovacae Brno, 1, 209 - 250." type="journal article" year="1967">Povolný, 1967: 212</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463993217C95B5F5BAFDFC72" blockId="5.[151,1176,687,926]" box="[151,1157,902,926]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="54C21EDA463993217C95B5F5BEB1FC72" box="[151,201,902,926]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D24B5F5BCF0FC72" authority="Povolny, 1966" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1966" box="[294,648,902,926]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossa">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217D24B5F5BF93FC72" box="[294,491,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa grossa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217DF3B5F5BCF0FC72" author="Povolny, D." box="[497,648,902,926]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="128 - 148" refId="ref54296" refString="Povolny, D. (1966) A type revision of some old-world species of the tribe Gnorimoschemini with a special regards to pests (Lepidoptera). Acta entomologica bohemoslovaka, 63, 128 - 148." type="journal article" year="1966">Povolný, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Synonymized by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217F40B5F5BAF8FC72" author="Park, K. T. &amp; Ponomarenko, M. G." box="[834,1152,902,926]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref54078" refString="Park, K. T. &amp; Ponomarenko, M. G. (2007) Two new species and new record of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) from Korea. Zootaxa, 1437 (1), 55 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1465.1.6" type="journal article" year="2007">Park &amp; Ponomarenko 2007: 59</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C363F3F3463993227C95B5BFBDE1FE41" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463993227C95B5BFBDE1FE41" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,2043]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217C95B5BFBF6AFC0A" bold="true" box="[151,274,972,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D95B5BFBC67FC0A" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[407,543,972,998]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217D95B5BFBC67FC0A" box="[407,543,972,998]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are rather variable and cannot be confidently diagnosed by external characters alone. Most of species have a forewing pattern similar to that of many other 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217811B583BA98FBE6" authorityName=", Povolny" authorityYear="2002" box="[1043,1248,1008,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gnorimoschemini">Gnorimoschemini</taxonomicName>
, with three dark spots in cell and light costal and tornal spots at 2/3–3/4. However, a wing pattern with white fasciae, dark markings along costal margin and in the fold, or with contrasting veins, is also common among a rather large number of uniformly coloured species. In the Palaearctic region, species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217F9AB22FBA58FB9A" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[920,1056,1116,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217F9AB22FBA58FB9A" box="[920,1056,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be confused externally with 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217C95B2F3BF94FB76" authority="Busck, 1900" authorityName="Busck" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,492,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gnorimoschema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217C95B2F3BF28FB76" box="[151,336,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gnorimoschema</emphasis>
Busck, 1900
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217DFBB2F3BDD7FB76" authority="Gregor &amp; Povolny, 1964" authorityName="Gregor &amp; Povolny" authorityYear="1964" box="[505,943,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Caryocolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217DFBB2F3BCFBFB76" box="[505,643,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caryocolum</emphasis>
Gregor &amp; Povolný, 1964
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217FBEB2F3BA9CFB76" authority="Meyrick, 1908" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1908" box="[956,1252,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Ephysteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217FBEB2F3BA4AFB76" box="[956,1074,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ephysteris</emphasis>
Meyrick, 1908
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB46399321791DB2F3BF47FB52" authority="Povolny, 1967" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Vladimirea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A46399321791DB2F3BBE4FB76" box="[1311,1436,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Vladimirea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217C95B2D7BF47FB52" author="Povolny, D." box="[151,319,1188,1214]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="209 - 250" refId="ref54334" refString="Povolny, D. (1967) Ein kritischer Beitrag zur taxonomischen Klarung einiger palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Scrobipalpa (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Academiae Scientiarum Bohemoslovacae Brno, 1, 209 - 250." type="journal article" year="1967">Povolný, 1967</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217E2AB2D7BCC8FB52" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[552,688,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217E2AB2D7BCC8FB52" box="[552,688,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually can be separated from related genera by the characteristic dorsoventrally flattened last segment of the abdomen. In 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217F1EB2BBBDEAFB0E" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1908" box="[796,914,1224,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Ephysteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217F1EB2BBBDEAFB0E" box="[796,914,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ephysteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217FC8B2BBBA36FB0E" box="[970,1102,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217FC8B2BBBA32FB0E" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1967" box="[970,1098,1224,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Vladimirea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Vladimirea</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
sternum VIII is usually more or less gutter-shaped, and tergum VIII is represented by a narrow flap. Males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB46399321783AB29FBA89FAEA" authorityName="Busck" authorityYear="1900" box="[1080,1265,1260,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gnorimoschema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A46399321783AB29FBA89FAEA" box="[1080,1265,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gnorimoschema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have similarly flattened segment VIII with the tergum and sternum of about same shape, but 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217802B363BAC1FAC6" authorityName="Busck" authorityYear="1900" box="[1024,1209,1296,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gnorimoschema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217802B363BAC1FAC6" box="[1024,1209,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gnorimoschema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated by apically pointed uncus and distinctly inflated and inward-turned tips of valvae that are usually weakly protruded and can be observed without dissection. Moreover, most of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217EFDB32BBA77FA9E" box="[767,1039,1368,1394]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gnorimoschema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217EFDB32BBDC0FA9E" box="[767,952,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gnorimoschema</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
have a narrower and more elongate forewing. 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D0BB30FBF90FA7A" box="[265,488,1404,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217D0BB30FBFE9FA7A" box="[265,401,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the following suite of male genitalia characters: an elongated uncus, usually apically unmodified; distal sclerite of gnathos short, weakly curved; culcitula well developed; tegumen elongated; valva long, slender; sacculus short; vincular processes short; and phallus inflated at the base with an apical hook. The female genitalia are characterised by the following: unmodified or “foam sculptured” subgenital plates separated by usually foamed or covered with microspines ventromedial depression; straight apophyses anteriores; a membranous ductus bursae with a short colliculum; and the corpus bursae with a distally hook-shaped signum. 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217CFBB027BC5EF982" authority="Povolny, 1973" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1973" box="[249,550,1620,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Turcopalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217CFBB027BF01F982" box="[249,377,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Turcopalpa</emphasis>
Povolný, 1973
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217E5DB027BDFCF982" authority="Povolny, 1973" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1973" box="[607,900,1620,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217E5DB027BCAFF982" box="[607,727,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gobipalpa</emphasis>
Povolný, 1973
</taxonomicName>
are most closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB4639932178C2B027BB30F982" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[1216,1352,1620,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A4639932178C2B027BB30F982" box="[1216,1352,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
among Palaearctic 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D1EB00BBF92F97E" authorityName=", Povolny" authorityYear="2002" box="[284,490,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gnorimoschemini">Gnorimoschemini</taxonomicName>
. Both genera can be separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217F91B00BBA63F97E" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[915,1051,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217F91B00BBA63F97E" box="[915,1051,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by short, slender uncus and very broad vinculum in the male genitalia of the latter. The Australian genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217FBAB0EFBB72F95A" authority="Povolny, 1974" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1974" box="[952,1290,1692,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Australiopalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217FBAB0EFBA18F95A" box="[952,1120,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Australiopalpa</emphasis>
Povolný, 1974
</taxonomicName>
undoubtedly constitutes a branch related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217DEEB0B3BC0CF936" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[492,628,1728,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217DEEB0B3BC0CF936" box="[492,628,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217E80B0B3BC82F936" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1973" box="[642,762,1728,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217E80B0B3BC82F936" box="[642,762,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217F2DB0B3BDD7F936" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1973" box="[815,943,1728,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Turcopalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217F2DB0B3BDD7F936" box="[815,943,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Turcopalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it can be distinguished by the presence of an additional lobe on the posterior margin of the vinculum in male genitalia. The taxonomic rank of these three genera will be revised in a separate paper (Bidzilya in prep.). The predominantly Neotropical 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB4639932178B8B17BBF66F8AA" authority="Povolny, 1967" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A4639932178B8B17BBB15F8CE" box="[1210,1389,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463993217977B17ABF66F8AA" author="Povolny, D." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="209 - 250" refId="ref54334" refString="Povolny, D. (1967) Ein kritischer Beitrag zur taxonomischen Klarung einiger palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Scrobipalpa (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Academiae Scientiarum Bohemoslovacae Brno, 1, 209 - 250." type="journal article" year="1967">Povolný, 1967</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217DB7B15FBC45F8AA" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[437,573,1836,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217DB7B15FBC45F8AA" box="[437,573,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the male genitalia, but differs considerably in the female genitalia. Some members of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D98B123BD69F887" authority="Povolny, 1985" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1985" box="[410,785,1872,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217D98B123BC18F886" box="[410,608,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpomima</emphasis>
Povolný, 1985
</taxonomicName>
, e.g., 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217F57B123BACFF887" authority="Povolny, 1985" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1985" box="[853,1207,1872,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neuquenensis">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217F57B123BA71F886" box="[853,1033,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. neuquenensis</emphasis>
Povolný, 1985
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54C21EDA4639932178C5B123BA81F886" box="[1223,1273,1872,1898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217D1AB107BC3DF863" authority="Povolny, 1985" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1985" box="[280,581,1908,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karsholti">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217D1AB107BFE0F862" box="[280,408,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. karsholti</emphasis>
Povolný, 1985
</taxonomicName>
, are undoubtedly more closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217810B107BAE2F862" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[1042,1178,1908,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217810B107BAE2F862" box="[1042,1178,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on male genitalia, than to any other genera of Neotropical 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217E79B1EBBD31F85E" authorityName=", Povolny" authorityYear="2002" box="[635,841,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gnorimoschemini">Gnorimoschemini</taxonomicName>
. The main differences between the two genera are the shape of the uncus (convex and with tends of forming medial tip), the more apically obtuse gnathos, and the phallus with subterminal modifications in 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463993217E1FB193BDC3F817" authority="(Povolny 1985: 5)" baseAuthorityName="Povolny" baseAuthorityPageNumber="5" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[541,955,2016,2043]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463993217E1FB193BC9BF816" box="[541,739,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpomima</emphasis>
(Povolný 1985: 5)
</taxonomicName>
. The female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB4639932178D4B193BBE4F816" baseAuthorityName="Povolny" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1238,1436,2016,2042]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A4639932178D4B193BBE4F816" box="[1238,1436,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scrobipalpomima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar to those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227DCEB6E4BC2CFF5D" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[460,596,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227DCEB6E4BC2CFF5D" box="[460,596,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well, but differ in usually sclerotized posterior part of the ductus bursae and the presence of a sclerotized lobe arising from the anterior margin of sternum VIII. A recent phylogenetic study (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463A93227C9DB6ACBF17FF15" author="Corro Chang, P. E." box="[159,367,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref52347" refString="Corro Chang, P. E. (2021) Sinopsis de la tribu Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), con especial enfoque a la fauna de america central y region norte de sudamerica. Tesis como requisito en la obtencion del titulo de Doctor en Ciencias con enfasis en Entomologia, Universidad de Panama vicerrectoria de investigacion y postgrado programa centroamericano de entomologia, Via Simon Bolivar, Panama City ‎, 325 pp." type="book" year="2021">Corro Chang 2021</bibRefCitation>
) supports previously established relationships of Palaearctic 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227810B6ACBAE2FF15" authorityName="Janse" authorityYear="1951" box="[1042,1178,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227810B6ACBAE2FF15" box="[1042,1178,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(based on 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227912B6ACBF12FEF1" authority="(Staudinger, 1879)" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indignella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227912B6ACBBE5FF15" box="[1296,1437,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. indignella</emphasis>
(Staudinger, 1879)
</taxonomicName>
, a member of the genus 
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227E7FB770BD59FEF1" box="[637,801,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Euscrobipalpa</emphasis>
sensu Povolný), with 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227818B770BAEAFEF1" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1973" box="[1050,1170,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227818B770BAEAFEF1" box="[1050,1170,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A932278CBB770BF0CFEAD" authority="(Povolny &amp; Sustek 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Povolny &amp; Sustek" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Turcopalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A932278CBB770BB31FEF1" box="[1225,1353,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Turcopalpa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463A9322795AB770BF14FEAD" author="Povolny, D. &amp; Sustek, F." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="209 - 247" refId="ref54747" refString="Povolny, D. &amp; Sustek, F. (1988) Versuch einer numerisch-taxonomischen losung der phylogenetischen beziehungen in rahmen des Gelechioiden tribus Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera). Stapfia, 16, 209 - 247." type="journal article" year="1988">Povolný &amp; Šustek 1988</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, whereas the Australian 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227E85B754BD7FFEAD" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[647,775,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aptatella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227E85B754BD7FFEAD" box="[647,775,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. aptatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(member of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227808B754BB45FEAE" authority="sensu Povolny" authorityName="Povolny" box="[1034,1341,295,322]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227808B754BAEAFEAD" box="[1034,1170,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
sensu Povolný
</taxonomicName>
) is clustered in a separate branch with 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227DFAB738BCD8FE89" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1974" box="[504,672,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Australiopalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227DFAB738BCD8FE89" box="[504,672,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Australiopalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter contradicts the current concept of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227916B738BBE4FE89" box="[1300,1436,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227916B738BBE4FE89" box="[1300,1436,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463A93227C9DB71CBFFDFE65" author="Bidzilya, O. V. &amp; Li, H-H." box="[159,389,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref52099" refString="Bidzilya, O. V. &amp; Li, H-H. (2010) The genus Scrobipalpa Janse (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in China, with descriptions of 13 new species. Zootaxa, 2513 (1), 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2513.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Bidzilya &amp; Li 2010</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463A93227D90B71CBCC3FE65" author="Huemer, P. &amp; Karsholt, O." box="[402,699,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref53010" refString="Huemer, P. &amp; Karsholt, O. (2010) Gelechiidae II (Gelechiinae: Gnorimoschemini). In: Huemer, P., Karsholt, O. &amp; Nuss, M. (Eds.), Microlepidoptra of Europe. Vol. 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 1 - 586. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004260986" type="book" year="2010">Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010</bibRefCitation>
). These results indicate the need for further research using more representative material to clarify the generic concept of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227F08B7E0BDEAFE41" box="[778,914,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227F08B7E0BDEAFE41" box="[778,914,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C363F3F3463A93237CC5B7C5BDC9FC7E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463A93227CC5B7C5BC17FD1D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227CC5B7C5BF21FE3C" bold="true" box="[199,345,438,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
Sexual dimorphism slight; in some species (e.g., 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227FA2B7C4BB76FE3D" authority="(Duponchel, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Duponchel" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[928,1294,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="murinella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227FA2B7C4BA55FE3D" box="[928,1069,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. murinella</emphasis>
(Duponchel, 1843)
</taxonomicName>
females are slightly smaller and have a more pointed hindwing. 
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227EF2B7A8BD41FE19" bold="true" box="[752,825,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Head:</emphasis>
Smooth-scaled, frons convex, without modifications, but weakly expanded in 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227DAAB78CBCB2FDF5" authority="Povolny, 1969" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1969" box="[424,714,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="usingeri">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227DAAB78CBC58FDF4" box="[424,544,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. usingeri</emphasis>
Povolný, 1969
</taxonomicName>
or possess irregular frontal process in 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227878B78CBEB5FDD1" authority="(Sattler 1988: 225)" baseAuthorityName="Sattler" baseAuthorityPageNumber="225" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Ilseopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peterseni">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227878B78CBA85FDF4" box="[1146,1277,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. peterseni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463A93227909B78CBEBDFDD1" author="Sattler, K." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="224 - 235" refId="ref54847" refString="Sattler, K. (1988) The systematic status of the genera Ilseopsis Povolny, 1965, and Empista Povolny, 1968 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiinae: Gnorimoshemini). Nota lepidopterologica, 10, 224 - 235." type="journal article" year="1988">Sattler 1988: 225</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, typically concolourous with thorax and tegulae, frons often lighter; labial palpus upcurved, palpomere 2 1.5–3.0 times as broad and 1/2–3/4 length of palpomere 3, outer surface with basal and medial dark belt in most of species, lower surface simple or with bristle of raised scales and more or less distinct medial groove, inner and upper surfaces usually lighter than outer surface, palpomere 3 as palpomere 2 acute, but dark belts usually more diffuse; antennae filiform, scape usually uniformly coloured or dark mixed with light-tipped scales, without pecten, flagellomeres as scape but light ringed as usual.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463A93227CC5B488BDD4FB29" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227CC5B488BF51FCF9" bold="true" box="[199,297,763,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thorax:</emphasis>
Dorsum and tegulae more or less unicolourous in most species, sometimes with a well-developed contrasting medial line on thorax; wingspan 
<quantity id="4C810D9D463A93227E85B56DBC8CFCD5" box="[647,756,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="7.0">7–25 mm</quantity>
, forewing moderately elongate to broadly lanceolate, weakly brachypterous in 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227D5AB530BFA2FCB0" baseAuthorityName="Sattler" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[344,474,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Ilseopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peterseni">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227D5AB530BFA2FCB0" box="[344,474,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. peterseni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, usually with weakly pointed apex, costal margin gradually convex and weakly arched as usual, covered with smooth scales, several species with tufts of raised scales (e.g., 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227858B514BA8FFC6D" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" box="[1114,1271,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="admirabilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227858B514BA8FFC6D" box="[1114,1271,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. admirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A932278FDB514BB21FC6D" bold="true" box="[1279,1369,871,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463A932278FDB514BB21FC6D" box="[1279,1369,871,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), pattern rather variable, three dark spots in cell, costal and tornal, light spots at 2/3–3/4, dark oblique basal streak and fuscous dash(es) in fold in most of species; pattern often considerably modified by additional markings, e.g., black, light brown, or fuscous dots, dark irroration along veins, dark patches along costal margin, black suffusion along margins, ochreous irroration and black dash(es) in fold, white subapical fascia, black spots along wing apex, etc.; often more or less unicolourous with reduced markings; rarely with contrasting white fasciae on black ground colour (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227CA3B24CBFB8FBB5" authority="(Zeller, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[161,448,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feralella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227CA3B24CBF64FBB5" box="[161,284,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. feralella</emphasis>
(Zeller, 1872)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227DCEB24CBD4CFBB5" authority="Povolny, 1972" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1972" box="[460,820,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteonigra">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227DCEB24CBCF0FBB4" box="[460,648,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. argenteonigra</emphasis>
Povolný, 1972
</taxonomicName>
) or with longitudinal black lines (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A932278B0B24CBEA4FB91" authority="(Klimesch, 1951)" baseAuthorityName="Klimesch" baseAuthorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perinii">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A932278B0B24CBB62FBB4" box="[1202,1306,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. perinii</emphasis>
(Klimesch, 1951)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227CE5B210BF90FB91" authority="Povolny, 1969" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1969" box="[231,488,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picta">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227CE5B210BF43FB90" box="[231,315,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. picta</emphasis>
Povolný, 1969
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227DF1B210BC25FB90" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" box="[499,605,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munita" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227DF1B210BC25FB90" box="[499,605,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. munita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227E66B210BCC5FB91" bold="true" box="[612,701,1123,1149]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463A93227E66B210BCC5FB91" box="[612,701,1123,1149]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
); cilia usually concolorous with ground colour of forewing, darktipped, with or without terminal line; hindwing light grey to dark grey or dark brown, usually with concolorous cilia. Frenulum with a single acanthus in male and three acanthae in female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463A93237CC5B2BDBDC9FC7E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227CC5B2BDBF3BFB04" bold="true" box="[199,323,1230,1256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Female segment VII as abdominal segments III–VI, but slightly longer, male tergum VIII more or less rounded, sternum VIII elongated, tongue-shaped or subtriangular, with anteromedial emargination, with or without paired coremata; sternum II with distinct venulae and well-developed apodeme. Male genitalia with uncus subrectangular, longer than broad, usually weakly narrowed apically, posterior margin straight or weakly rounded, in some species medially invaginated or pointed, in some species bearing a few short setae; distal sclerite of gnathos moderately elongated, weakly curved or short, axe-shaped, tongue-shaped in 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227801B3F0BB14FA71" authority="(Constant, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Constant" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1027,1388,1410,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phagnalella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227801B3F0BADEFA71" box="[1027,1190,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. phagnalella</emphasis>
(Constant, 1895)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227C95B3D4BF79FA2C" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,257,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munita" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227C95B3D4BF79FA2C" box="[151,257,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. munita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227D0AB3D4BF1AFA2D" bold="true" box="[264,354,1447,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463A93227D0AB3D4BF1AFA2D" box="[264,354,1447,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; culcitula small to large; tegumen elongated, gradually narrowed distally, usually with indistinct transition to uncus, anterior margin with triangular or broadly rounded medial emargination extending 1/4–1/2 length of tegumen, pedunculi distinct; valva slender, elongated, straight or evenly curved, sometimes slightly sigmoid, apex usually moderately inflated, covered with hairs in distal portion; sacculus maximum 1/2 length of valva, usually about as wide as valva, distinctly or slightly narrowed distally, with inward-curved tips, gap to valva varying 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227964B044BEB1F999" form="very" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="form">form very</taxonomicName>
broad to slender, gap to vincular process usually distinct, sometimes very short and narrow; vinculum longer than wide, with supported system consisting of two slender sclerites extending from anterolateral corners to middle of vinculum, posterior margin with V-, U-, lyre-shaped, or rounded emargination variable in width and length, vincular processes varying from short and slender to long and broad; saccus subtriangular, weakly or distinctly tapered, sometimes truncate, subrectangular, broadly rounded or slender, slightly to conspicuously extending beyond top of pedunculus; phallus stout and moderately long, sometimes slender and elongated, with caecum inflated, distal part straight or weakly sigmoid, rarely with group of short spines (i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A93227F71B140BAE8F8A1" authority="(Povolny, 1993))" baseAuthorityName="Povolny" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[883,1168,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parki">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A93227F71B140BDB1F8A1" box="[883,969,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. parki</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463A93227FD5B140BA05F8A1" author="Povolny, D." box="[983,1149,1843,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="355 - 358" refId="ref54594" refString="Povolny, D. (1993) Ilseopsis (Eurscobipalpa) parki sp. n., a leaf miner and spinner on Lycium chinense in Korea (Lepdioptera: Gelechiidae). European Journal of Entomology, 90, 355 - 358." type="journal article" year="1993">Povolný, 1993</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
, lateral rod(s) along one side ending with triangular tip at apex of phallus, opposite side of apex with perpendicular or down-curved slender beak-, leaf-shaped, or broadly triangular hook, bulbus ejaculatorius sac-shaped, rounded or elongated, ductus ejaculatorius usually with distinct ring- or band-shaped sclerotization (except for 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463A9322784FB1ECBABEF854" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" box="[1101,1222,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agassizi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A9322784FB1ECBABEF854" box="[1101,1222,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. agassizi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463A932278D3B1ECBB57F855" bold="true" box="[1233,1327,1951,1977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463A932278D3B1ECBB57F855" box="[1233,1327,1951,1977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
). Female genitalia with papillae anales ovate or subtriangular, covered with short setae, membranous; rarely long sensory setae on papillae anales are reduced, replaced with microtrichia (i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237FBEB6E4BA51FF5C" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" box="[956,1065,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munita" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237FBEB6E4BA51FF5C" box="[956,1065,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. munita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237831B6E4BAF7FF5D" bold="true" box="[1075,1167,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463B93237831B6E4BAF7FF5D" box="[1075,1167,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
); in some species with paired sclerites directed posteriorly from base of papilla analis. Apophyses posteriores slender, usually longer than ductus bursae (except in 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237DAAB692BC71FF16" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[424,521,224,251]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incola">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237DAAB692BC71FF16" box="[424,521,224,251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. incola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related species), but shorter than combined length of ductus bursae and corpus bursae. Segment VIII subrectangular, tergum unmodified, sternum differentiated into subgenital plates, ventromedial depression, and periostial lobes, subgenital plates 1/4–2/3 with of sternum VIII, narrowed anteriorly in most species, evenly sclerotized and unmodified or partially or entirely covered with foamed sculpture or microspines, wrinkled medially or folded in some species, with distinctly elongated and sclerotized posterolateral corners in 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237926B707BBE4FE61" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" box="[1316,1436,372,398]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agassizi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237926B707BBE4FE61" box="[1316,1436,372,398]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. agassizi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237C95B7EBBE8CFE5E" bold="true" box="[151,244,408,434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463B93237C95B7EBBE8CFE5E" box="[151,244,408,434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, posterior margin usually oblique medially, covered with short setae, medial margin straight or weakly undulate, anterior margin straight or convex, sclerotized in some species, with short (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237866B7CEBA92FE3B" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" box="[1124,1258,445,471]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethiopica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237866B7CEBA92FE3B" box="[1124,1258,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. ethiopica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B932378F0B7CEBB36FE3B" bold="true" box="[1266,1358,445,471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463B932378F0B7CEBB36FE3B" box="[1266,1358,445,471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237985B7CEBE89FE10" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agassizi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237985B7CEBE89FE10" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. agassizi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237CF8B791BF2DFE10" bold="true" box="[250,341,482,508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463B93237CF8B791BF2DFE10" box="[250,341,482,508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
) or long (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237DC9B791BC34FE10" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[459,588,482,508]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aptatella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237DC9B791BC34FE10" box="[459,588,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. aptatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237E5EB791BD19FE11" authority="Povolny, 1968" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1968" box="[604,865,482,509]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasyi">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237E5EB791BCCBFE10" box="[604,691,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. kasyi</emphasis>
Povolný, 1968
</taxonomicName>
) anteromedial extension, ventromedial depression usually covered with microspines, divided anteromedially into two lobes that differ in shape from slender, digitate, and elongated to broadly rounded, not reaching or extending beyond anterior margin of sternum VIII, subostial sclerites, if present, slender, elongated, extending from base of apophyses anteriores towards ostium; apophyses anteriores usually straight, rod-like, often broadened at base, usually longer than segment VIII, but occasionally very short; ductus bursae membranous, varying in length and width, intersection with corpus bursae gradual or distinct, colliculum usually distinct, belt- or ring-shaped; corpus bursae rounded or weakly elongated, membranous, rarely covered with microtrichia, basal plate of signum variable in shape and size from short and slender to large and subtriangular (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237D3EB57ABCDCFCCE" authority="Povolny, 1977" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1977" box="[316,676,776,803]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caryocoloides">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237D3EB57ABF8DFCCE" box="[316,501,776,803]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. caryocoloides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237DFEB57BBCDCFCCE" author="Povolny, D." box="[508,676,776,802]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="403 - 443" refId="ref54403" refString="Povolny, D. (1977) Notes on Gnorimoschemini of Australia and New Zealand. Acta entomologica Musei nationalis Pragae, 39, 403 - 443." type="journal article" year="1977">Povolný, 1977</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), usually situated on right side on short projection of wall of corpus bursae in its posterior part, distal sclerite predominantly hook-shaped, weakly or strongly curved, acute, sometimes with medial expansion or short tooth, often with group of teeth on posterior margin near basal plate, signum rarely absent (i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237D1DB504BCC9FC7D" authority="Bidzilya &amp; Li, 2010" authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Li" authorityYear="2010" box="[287,689,887,913]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochrostigma">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237D1DB504BFBEFC7D" box="[287,454,887,913]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. ochrostigma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237DCFB504BCC9FC7D" author="Bidzilya, O. V. &amp; Li, H-H." box="[461,689,887,913]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref52099" refString="Bidzilya, O. V. &amp; Li, H-H. (2010) The genus Scrobipalpa Janse (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in China, with descriptions of 13 new species. Zootaxa, 2513 (1), 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2513.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Bidzilya &amp; Li, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) (needs confirmation).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C363F3F3463B93237CC5B5E8BDBFF8C5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463B93237CC5B5E8BB12F9EF" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237CC5B5E8BF5FFC59" bold="true" box="[199,295,923,949]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Biology.</emphasis>
Host plants are known for about 90 of the 282 Palaearctic species. The larvae of most species are monophagous or oligophagous on 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237E21B5B3BCACFC36" box="[547,724,960,986]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237EE3B5B3BD27FC36" box="[737,863,960,986]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237F9CB5B3BA64FC36" box="[926,1052,960,986]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B9323782FB5B3BA80FC36" author="Sattler, K." box="[1069,1272,960,986]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="224 - 235" refId="ref54847" refString="Sattler, K. (1988) The systematic status of the genera Ilseopsis Povolny, 1965, and Empista Povolny, 1968 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiinae: Gnorimoshemini). Nota lepidopterologica, 10, 224 - 235." type="journal article" year="1988">Sattler 1988: 230</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237905B5B3BF44FBEC" author="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="61 - 104" refId="ref52527" refString="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O. (2006) The Turanian Gelechiid Moths of the tribe Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) living on plants of the family Сhenopodiaceae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of Zoological Musem Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, 4, 61 - 104. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2006">Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Records of host plants from other families have been reported for 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B9323784CB596BC78FBC8" authority="(Hering, 1889) (Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 21)" authorityName="Huemer &amp; Karsholt" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Hering" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B9323784CB596BA92FC13" box="[1102,1258,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. salicorniae</emphasis>
(Hering, 1889) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237C9DB279BF8FFBC8" author="Huemer, P. &amp; Karsholt, O." box="[159,503,1034,1060]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref53010" refString="Huemer, P. &amp; Karsholt, O. (2010) Gelechiidae II (Gelechiinae: Gnorimoschemini). In: Huemer, P., Karsholt, O. &amp; Nuss, M. (Eds.), Microlepidoptra of Europe. Vol. 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 1 - 586. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004260986" type="book" year="2010">Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 21</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Seven of 10 Afrotropical 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237F37B279BDC5FBC8" box="[821,957,1034,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237F37B279BDC5FBC8" box="[821,957,1034,1060]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for which host plants are known feed on 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237C95B25CBF61FBA5" box="[151,281,1071,1097]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
. Larvae are usually foliage feeders that live within a shelter, sometimes gregariously (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237900B25CBC6DFB82" authority="(Fischer von Roslerstamm, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Fischer von Roslerstamm" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obsoletella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237900B25CBBE4FBA5" box="[1282,1436,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. obsoletella</emphasis>
(Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1841)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237E21B227BA30FB82" authority="(Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006))" baseAuthorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[547,1096,1107,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nana" subSpecies="caroxyli">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237E21B227BCA4FB81" box="[547,732,1107,1134]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. nana caroxyli</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237EEEB220BA4DFB82" author="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O." box="[748,1077,1107,1134]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="61 - 104" refId="ref52527" refString="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O. (2006) The Turanian Gelechiid Moths of the tribe Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) living on plants of the family Сhenopodiaceae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of Zoological Musem Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, 4, 61 - 104. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2006">Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
, among spun leaves or young shoots. Some species feed on flowers, fruits, or buds (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237F05B20ABDFEFB7E" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[775,902,1145,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concreta">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237F05B20ABDFEFB7E" box="[775,902,1145,1171]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. concreta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), others produce stem or twig galls (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237933B20ABBEDFB7E" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1329,1429,1144,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incola">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237933B20ABBEDFB7E" box="[1329,1429,1144,1171]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. incola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237C95B2EEBF39FB5B" authority="Bidzilya, 2021" authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,321,1181,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochroxantha" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237C95B2EEBF39FB5B" box="[151,321,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. ochroxantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237D4AB2EEBFDAFB5B" bold="true" box="[328,418,1181,1207]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23EC111463B93237D4AB2EEBFDAFB5B" box="[328,418,1181,1207]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237DB3B2EEBD03FB5B" authority="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2003" authorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" authorityYear="2003" box="[433,891,1181,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicola">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237DB3B2EEBC49FB5B" box="[433,561,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. gallicola</emphasis>
Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2003
</taxonomicName>
) or inhabits galls of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237867B2EEBB77FB5B" box="[1125,1295,1181,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B9323791DB2EEBF44FB30" authority="Povolny, 1969" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maniaca">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B9323791DB2EEBBE4FB5B" box="[1311,1436,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. maniaca</emphasis>
Povolný, 1969
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237D44B2B1BC1BFB31" authority="Povolny, 1967" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1967" box="[326,611,1218,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237D44B2B1BFC0FB30" box="[326,440,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. pulchra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237DBFB2B1BC1BFB31" author="Povolny, D." box="[445,611,1218,1245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="209 - 250" refId="ref54334" refString="Povolny, D. (1967) Ein kritischer Beitrag zur taxonomischen Klarung einiger palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Scrobipalpa (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Academiae Scientiarum Bohemoslovacae Brno, 1, 209 - 250." type="journal article" year="1967">Povolný, 1967</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), and still others bore into shoots (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237FD9B2B1BBE8FB30" authority="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2009" authorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" authorityYear="2009" box="[987,1424,1218,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helmins">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237FD9B2B1BA34FB30" box="[987,1100,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. helmins</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237850B2B1BBE8FB30" author="Falkovitsh, M. I. &amp; Bidzilya, O. V." box="[1106,1424,1218,1244]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="65 - 98" refId="ref52586" refString="Falkovitsh, M. I. &amp; Bidzilya, O. V. (2009) A list of gelechiid moths (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) of the Southern Kyzylkum. Proceedings of Zoological Musem Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, 5, 65 - 98. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2009">Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), roots (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237CE2B294BCFFFAED" authority="Lvovsky &amp; Piskunov, 1989" authorityName="Lvovsky &amp; Piskunov" authorityYear="1989" box="[224,647,1255,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sattleri">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237CE2B294BF33FAED" box="[224,331,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. sattleri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237D51B294BCFFFAED" author="Lvovsky, A. L. &amp; Piskunov, V. I." box="[339,647,1255,1281]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="521 - 571" refId="ref53488" refString="Lvovsky, A. L. &amp; Piskunov, V. I. (1989) The gelechiid moths (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) of the Transaltai Gobi. Nasekomye Mongolii, 10, 521 - 571. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1989">Lvovsky &amp; Piskunov, 1989</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) or stems (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237F07B294BA5EFAEE" authority="Povolny, 1968" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1968" box="[773,1062,1255,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clintoni">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237F07B294BD00FAED" box="[773,888,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. clintoni</emphasis>
Povolný, 1968
</taxonomicName>
). Leaf-mining is common among 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237C95B378BF67FAC9" box="[151,287,1291,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237C95B378BF67FAC9" box="[151,287,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237D33B37FBFCBFAC9" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[305,435,1291,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aptatella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237D33B37FBFCBFAC9" box="[305,435,1291,1318]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. aptatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237DC0B37FBD50FACA" authority="(Sircom, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="Sircom" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[450,808,1291,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237DC0B37FBC0AFAC9" box="[450,626,1291,1318]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. acuminatella</emphasis>
(Sircom, 1850)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237F34B37FBA84FACA" authority="(E. Hofmann, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="E. Hofmann" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[822,1276,1291,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysanthemella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237F34B37FBA74FAC9" box="[822,1036,1291,1318]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. chrysanthemella</emphasis>
(E. Hofmann, 1867)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237908B37FBF94FAA7" authority="(Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceratoides">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237908B37FBBE5FAC9" box="[1290,1437,1291,1318]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. ceratoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237C9DB343BF9CFAA7" author="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O." box="[159,484,1328,1355]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="61 - 104" refId="ref52527" refString="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O. (2006) The Turanian Gelechiid Moths of the tribe Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) living on plants of the family Сhenopodiaceae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of Zoological Musem Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, 4, 61 - 104. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2006">Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237DFAB342BA54FAA7" authority="(Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[504,1068,1328,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="concerna" subSpecies="uzbeka">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237DFAB342BCAAFAA6" box="[504,722,1328,1355]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. concerna uzbeka</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237EE2B343BA5CFAA7" author="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O." box="[736,1060,1328,1355]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="61 - 104" refId="ref52527" refString="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O. (2006) The Turanian Gelechiid Moths of the tribe Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) living on plants of the family Сhenopodiaceae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of Zoological Musem Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, 4, 61 - 104. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2006">Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and others). True external living larvae are rather rare, as most live within a light silken shelter, leaving it to feed (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237842B326BB02FA83" authority="Povolny, 1967" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1967" box="[1088,1402,1365,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebertiana">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237842B326BAB1FA83" box="[1088,1225,1365,1391]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. ebertiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B932378D0B326BB02FA83" author="Povolny, D." box="[1234,1402,1365,1391]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="209 - 250" refId="ref54334" refString="Povolny, D. (1967) Ein kritischer Beitrag zur taxonomischen Klarung einiger palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Scrobipalpa (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Academiae Scientiarum Bohemoslovacae Brno, 1, 209 - 250." type="journal article" year="1967">Povolný, 1967</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237985B326BFDCFA79" authority="Povolny, 1969" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maniaca">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237985B326BE8FFA78" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. maniaca</emphasis>
Povolný, 1969
</taxonomicName>
). There are also species whose larvae feed on different parts of the plant during ontogenesis (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237CA3B3ECBF69FA55" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1967" box="[161,273,1439,1465]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237CA3B3ECBF69FA55" box="[161,273,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. pulchra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237D1CB3ECBCA4FA56" authority="(Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[286,732,1439,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alterna">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237D1CB3ECBFF1FA55" box="[286,393,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. alterna</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237D97B3ECBCACFA56" author="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O." box="[405,724,1439,1466]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="61 - 104" refId="ref52527" refString="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O. (2006) The Turanian Gelechiid Moths of the tribe Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) living on plants of the family Сhenopodiaceae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of Zoological Musem Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, 4, 61 - 104. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2006">Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237EE7B3ECBA8BFA55" authority="(Fischer von Roslerstamm, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Fischer von Roslerstamm" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[741,1267,1439,1465]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atriplicella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237EE7B3ECBD03FA55" box="[741,891,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. atriplicella</emphasis>
(Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1841)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B932378FFB3ECBF1EFA32" authority="(Treitschke, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="Treitschke" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="artemisiella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B932378FFB3ECBBE4FA55" box="[1277,1436,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. artemisiella</emphasis>
(Treitschke, 1833)
</taxonomicName>
and others). Pupation usually occurs outside the mine, in the larval habitats, rarely in a cocoon, in plant debris, or underground (
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237E01B39ABD55F9EE" authority="(Fuchs, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Fuchs" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[515,813,1512,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitentella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237E01B39ABCF1F9EE" box="[515,649,1512,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. nitentella</emphasis>
(Fuchs, 1902)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237F3BB39ABAA4F9EF" authority="(Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[825,1244,1512,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alia">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237F3BB39ABDF9F9EE" box="[825,897,1512,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. alia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237F8DB39BBAACF9EF" author="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O." box="[911,1236,1512,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="61 - 104" refId="ref52527" refString="Falkovitsh, M. &amp; Bidzilya, O. (2006) The Turanian Gelechiid Moths of the tribe Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) living on plants of the family Сhenopodiaceae, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of Zoological Musem Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, 4, 61 - 104. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2006">Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B932378E5B39ABB22F9EE" authorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" authorityYear="2009" box="[1255,1370,1512,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helmins">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B932378E5B39ABB22F9EE" box="[1255,1370,1512,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. helmins</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463B93237CC5B07EBDBFF8C5" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237CC5B07EBFD0F9CB" box="[199,424,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237CC5B07EBF37F9CB" box="[199,335,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are most diverse in open arid landscapes of the Palaearctic region. They are the dominant gelechiids in halophytic habitats, dry mountains steppes, deserts, and semideserts. For example, among 143 species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237CB4B024BF44F99D" authorityName="Stainton" authorityYear="1854" box="[182,316,1623,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gelechiidae</taxonomicName>
recorded from several localities in the southwestern part of the Kyzyl-Kum desert (
<collectingCountry id="F36EE0E8463B932378EBB024BB15F99E" box="[1257,1389,1623,1650]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
), 55 species belong to 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237D66B008BD31F97A" authority="(Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya 2009)" baseAuthorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[356,841,1659,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237D66B008BF94F979" box="[356,492,1659,1685]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD89463B93237DFFB008BD39F97A" author="Falkovitsh, M. I. &amp; Bidzilya, O. V." box="[509,833,1659,1686]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="65 - 98" refId="ref52586" refString="Falkovitsh, M. I. &amp; Bidzilya, O. V. (2009) A list of gelechiid moths (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) of the Southern Kyzylkum. Proceedings of Zoological Musem Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, 5, 65 - 98. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2009">Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya 2009</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The genus is distributed from the sea level (coastal dunes) to about 
<quantity id="4C810D9D463B93237D53B0D3BFD0F957" box="[337,424,1696,1723]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
in the mountains of Central Asia. In Africa, the majority of species are known from the arid regions of southern Africa and savannas of eastern Africa up to 
<quantity id="4C810D9D463B93237F99B0B6BD89F90C" box="[923,1009,1733,1760]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F36EE0E8463B93237814B0B5BA27F90C" box="[1046,1119,1734,1760]" name="Kenya" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="F36EE0E8463B9323786CB0B6BAC1F933" box="[1134,1209,1733,1759]" name="Kenya" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Kenya</collectingCountry>
Mt.) and 
<quantity id="4C810D9D463B9323792BB0B6BB07F90C" box="[1321,1407,1733,1760]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="3100.0">3100 m</quantity>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F36EE0E8463B93237C95B099BE8EF8E8" box="[151,246,1770,1796]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
(Simien Mts). 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237DA3B099BD3DF8E9" authority="(Boyd, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Boyd" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[417,837,1770,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellatella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237DA3B099BCDEF8E8" box="[417,678,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Scrobipalpa ocellatella</emphasis>
(Boyd, 1858)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237F50B099BDADF8E8" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1916" box="[850,981,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Phthorimaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ergasima">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237F50B099BDADF8E8" box="[850,981,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. ergasima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237FE6B099BA19F8E8" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[996,1121,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concreta">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237FE6B099BA19F8E8" box="[996,1121,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. concreta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B9323789DB099BB58F8E8" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[1183,1312,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aptatella">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B9323789DB099BB58F8E8" box="[1183,1312,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. aptatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are among regional or worldwide pest of cultivated 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237E5FB17CBD73F8C5" box="[605,779,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237F40B17CBDBCF8C5" box="[834,964,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C363F3F3463B932C7CC5B140BB57FE65" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463B93237CC5B140BD9AF8A1" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2018]" box="[199,994,1843,1869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237CC5B140BF19F8A1" bold="true" box="[199,353,1843,1869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</emphasis>
Holarctic, Afrotropical, 
<collectingRegion id="49BD6E9A463B93237E76B140BCABF8A1" box="[628,723,1843,1869]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Oriental</collectingRegion>
, and Australian regions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6A078463B932C7CC5B12BBB57FE65" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237CC5B12BBF69F89E" bold="true" box="[199,273,1880,1906]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Notes.</emphasis>
Among 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB463B93237D71B12BBF83F89E" baseAuthorityName="Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[371,507,1880,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A463B93237D71B12BBF83F89E" box="[371,507,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there are both superficially distinct species that can be identified by wing pattern, and uniformly coloured species for which reliable identification is nearly impossible without examining the genitalia. However, even differences in genitalia are very minor in some cases — some characters are variable within a species (length of saccus, length of apophyses, shape of signum and corpus bursae) and others appear to vary depending on the genitalia preparation and pressure of the cover slip. Additional difficulties may arise from comparing the male genitalia fixed using traditional methods and those made using the “unrolling” technique. Regardless, the presence of well-preserved specimens of both sexes are desirable for confident identification. Recent application of DNA study, COI in particular, for separating cryptic species has resulted in the discovery of many undescribed taxa among Palaearctic 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB4634932C7D18B754BC99FEAD" authority="(Bidzilya et al. 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Bidzilya" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[282,737,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gnorimoschemini">
Gnorimoschemini (Bidzilya 
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A4634932C7E5EB754BCF6FEAD" box="[604,654,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
. 2019)
</taxonomicName>
, including European 
<taxonomicName id="4C79DBFB4634932C7FD0B754BBE1FEAD" authority="(Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2020)" baseAuthorityName="Huemer &amp; Karsholt" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[978,1433,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D7C6A4634932C7FD0B754BA22FEAD" box="[978,1114,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Scrobipalpa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE8DD894634932C7868B754BBE9FEAD" author="Huemer, P. &amp; Karsholt, O." box="[1130,1425,295,321]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="65 - 140" refId="ref53080" refString="Huemer, P. &amp; Karsholt, O. (2020) Commented checklist of European Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera). ZooKeys, 921, 65 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 921.49197" type="journal article" year="2020">Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2020</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. An integrative approach based on the analyses of morphological and molecular data appears to be promising both for further study of biodiversity of the genus and for systematic arrangement of the species within genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>