349 lines
42 KiB
XML
349 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3C2E36560498C7096500745644695BCE">Intraspecific variation and taxonomy of northern pika Ochotona hyperborea (Mammalia, Lagomorpha)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="400E0A3FBB35712D616AD844F014A338">Lissovsky, Andrey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FE378F1D7A2B708DEE5C483CC5905E13">Obolenskaya, Ekaterina V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="66EDAA3CA2E8753A25CAB4BF5A8C6C41">Dokuchaev, Nikolai E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A496FDD051434ADC5020B7BE6B620064">Okhlopkov, Innokentiy M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="853EA151B5D2F99923DE38934885A564">Journal of Mammalogy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6CCC6C3493E915653D4C6EF07348005D">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CD190ED6013CA4017E4094FAE4F6D0F8">2021-03-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="ED87E7A415EBC06A33331B958DBD98E7">102</mods:number>
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<treatment id="5B24F566DA20FF97FF722A134BAC1F86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7850878" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209563290" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7850878" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B24F566DA20FF97FF722A134BAC1F86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B24F566DA20FF97FF722A134BAC1F86" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection id="9B9717FBDA20FF96FF722A134BC11C46" box="[154,719,585,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FF722A134BC11C46" blockId="10.[154,719,585,608]" box="[154,719,585,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="887AF31CDA20FF96FF722A134BC11C46" box="[154,719,585,608]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" reason="6">
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<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FF722A134BC11C46" ID-CoL="5JY46" authority="(Schrenk, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Schrenk" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[154,719,585,608]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hyperborea" subSpecies="cinereofusca">
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF722A134B221C46" bold="true" box="[154,556,585,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF722A134B121C46" bold="true" box="[154,540,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Ochotona hyperborea cinereofusca</emphasis>
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(
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FDC32A134BCB1C46" author="SCHRENK, L." box="[555,709,585,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" refId="ref14375" refString="SCHRENK, L. 1858. Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande in den Jahren 1854 - 1856. Erste lieferung. Einleitung. Saugethiere des Amur-Landes. Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. St. Petersburg, Russia." type="book" year="1858">Schrenk, 1858</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9B9717FBDA20FF96FF682A234BDD1CF6" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FF682A2348C31CB6" blockId="10.[128,723,633,720]" box="[128,461,633,656]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FF682A2348C31CB6" authority="Turov, 1924" authorityName="Turov" authorityYear="1924" box="[128,461,633,656]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="svatoshi">
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF682A2348481CB6" box="[128,326,633,656]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Ochotona svatoshi</emphasis>
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Turov, 1924
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FF682AC34BDD1CF6" blockId="10.[128,723,633,720]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FF682AC34BA91C96" ID-CoL="5JY48" authority="Sokolov et al. 1994" authorityName="Sokolov" authorityYear="1994" box="[128,679,665,688]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hyperborea" subSpecies="davanica">
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF682AC348DC1C96" box="[128,466,665,688]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Ochotona hyperborea davanica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FE302AC34BA91C96" author="SOKOLOV & V. E & E. YU & IVANITSKAYA & V. V. GRUZDEV & V. G. HEPTNER" box="[472,679,665,688]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" refId="ref14536" refString="SOKOLOV, V. E., E. YU. IVANITSKAYA, V. V. GRUZDEV, AND V. G. HEPTNER. 1994. Млikopitaющii Рoссii i сopрidiльныk рigioнov. Zaйtiobрazныi [Mammals of Russia and adjacent regions: lagomorphs]. Nauka. Moscow, Russia." type="book" year="1994">Sokolov et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FF682AE34BC51CF6" authority="Sokolov et al. 1994" authorityName="Sokolov" authorityYear="1994" box="[128,715,697,720]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hyperborea" subSpecies="stenorostrae">
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF682AE348FA1CF6" box="[128,500,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Ochotona hyperborea stenorostrae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FE122AE34BC51CF6" author="SOKOLOV & V. E & E. YU & IVANITSKAYA & V. V. GRUZDEV & V. G. HEPTNER" box="[506,715,697,720]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" refId="ref14536" refString="SOKOLOV, V. E., E. YU. IVANITSKAYA, V. V. GRUZDEV, AND V. G. HEPTNER. 1994. Млikopitaющii Рoссii i сopрidiльныk рigioнov. Zaйtiobрazныi [Mammals of Russia and adjacent regions: lagomorphs]. Nauka. Moscow, Russia." type="book" year="1994">Sokolov et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9B9717FBDA20FF96FF682AB349D01A46" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FF682AB34B1B1DC6" blockId="10.[101,771,745,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
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||
<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA20FF96FF682AB349D41D26" box="[128,218,745,768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF042AB348A41D66" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
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(designated herein, see below [Nomenclatural notes] for the rationale for designation of a
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<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA20FF96FDB12B534BA01D06" box="[601,686,777,800]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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, as per Art. 75 of the ICZN [1999]).—
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</emphasis>
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ZMMU S-175370, adult female, skull (Supplementary Data SD9). Collected by A. A. Lissovsky and S. V. Kruskop
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<date id="A73362B0DA20FF96FEC32B3348BA1DA6" box="[299,436,873,896]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" value="2003-04-08">8 April 2003</date>
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. Right lower jaw is broken. The specimen identification (
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<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FE832BD34B0B1D86" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[363,517,905,928]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyperborea">
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FE832BD34B0B1D86" box="[363,517,905,928]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. hyperborea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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versus
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<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FDBC2BD34BF71D86" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1909" box="[596,761,905,928]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mantchurica">
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FDBC2BD34BF71D86" box="[596,761,905,928]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. mantchurica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) was carried out on the basis of morphology and bioacoustics (
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<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FF862B93481B1DC6" author="LISSOVSKY, A. A." box="[110,277,969,992]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="12 - 26" refId="ref13249" refString="LISSOVSKY, A. A. 2005. Comparative analyses of the vocalization of pikas (Ochotona, Mammalia) from alpina-hyperborea group. Byulleten' Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytateley Prirody. Otdel Biologicheskii 110: 12 - 26." type="journal article" year="2005">Lissovsky 2005</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FECC2B934B0B1DC6" author="LISSOVSKY, A. A. & Q. YANG & A. E. PILNIKOV" box="[292,517,969,992]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref13519" refString="LISSOVSKY, A. A., Q. YANG, AND A. E. PILNIKOV. 2008. Taxonomy and distribution of the pikas (Ochotona, Lagomorpha) of alpina-hyperborea group in North-East China and adjacent territories. Russian Journal of Theriology 7: 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="2008">Lissovsky et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FF682BB349D01A46" blockId="10.[101,771,745,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
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||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF682BB348201A26" box="[128,302,1001,1024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Type locality.—</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="63E54E2DDA20FF96FEC62BB34B841A66" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4087191307" country="Russia" county="Shilka River" location="Shilka River" municipality="Dzheltuga River" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="AB9A04E0DA20FF96FEC62BB348761A26" box="[302,376,1001,1024]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Russia</collectingCountry>
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, Zabaykalskiy Territory, left bank of
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<location id="D65212ABDA20FF96FF602C53481B1A06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B24F566DA20FF97FF722A134BAC1F86:D65212ABDA20FF96FF602C53481B1A06" box="[136,277,1033,1056]" country="Russia" county="Shilka River" municipality="Dzheltuga River" name="Shilka River" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Shilka River</location>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="1475E995DA20FF96FECD2C5348601A06" box="[293,366,1033,1056]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
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below the mouth of the
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="3356DE0ADA20FF96FD7D2C5349AF1A66" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Dzheltuga River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1475E995DA20FF96FF442C7349F31A66" box="[172,253,1065,1088]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.58" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" unit="km" value="158.0">158 km</quantity>
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||
above the mouth of the
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||
<collectingCounty id="3A533CFCDA20FF96FDE92C734B841A66" box="[513,650,1065,1088]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Shilka River</collectingCounty>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6B922B7DA20FF96FD7D2C734BF01A66" box="[661,766,1065,1088]" degrees="53.421" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" precision="55" value="53.421">53.421°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6B922B7DA20FF96FF8D2C1349D51A46" box="[101,219,1097,1120]" degrees="119.871" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" precision="55" value="119.871">119.871°E</geoCoordinate>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9B9717FBDA20FF96FF682C3349E71B06" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FF682C3349E71B06" blockId="10.[101,771,745,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF682C3348131AA6" box="[128,285,1129,1152]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Description.—</emphasis>
|
||
Pikas of the C genetic lineage; southern acoustic race. Specimens of
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||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FE762CD34B6B1A86" box="[414,613,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
O. h.
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||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FE362CD34B6B1A86" authorityName="Schrenk" authorityYear="1859" box="[478,613,1161,1184]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">cinereofusca</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF172CF348CC1AE6" box="[255,450,1193,1216]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. h. cinereoflava</emphasis>
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||
on the basis of genetic traits only. Differences with another spatial neighbor
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<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FD8C2C934A0D1AC6" box="[612,771,1225,1248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. h. fedoseevi</emphasis>
|
||
include the shape of the frequency modulation curve of alarm call (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4BB658F5DA20FF96FF732D5349D71B06" box="[155,217,1289,1312]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[103,138,791,812]" captionTargetBox="[117,1472,203,774]" captionTargetId="figure-601@8.[114,1475,200,777]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 6.—Distribution of alarm calls of Ochotona hyperborea in the space of principal components (PCs) of parameters of the shape of the frequency modulation curve. Each call is marked by the identifier of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 lineage. A representative sonogram of each acoustic race is shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7850882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7850882/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9B9717FBDA20FF96FF682D7348871846" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FF682D7348871846" blockId="10.[101,771,745,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF682D73482F1B66" box="[128,289,1321,1344]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Distribution.—</emphasis>
|
||
Wide range from the Sayan and Khangai Mountains, Tannu-Ola Range in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11498A92DA20FF96FE362D134B1D1B46" box="[478,531,1353,1376]" country="Russia" name="Tyva" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Tuva</collectingRegion>
|
||
to the North Baikal Plateau in the north, and Khentiyn Nuruu, as well as mountains along the left bank of Shilka River in the east. Although
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF8D2DF348291BE6" box="[101,295,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
O. h.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FF482DF348291BE6" authorityName="Schrenk" authorityYear="1859" box="[160,295,1449,1472]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">cinereofusca</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
seems to be separated from other subspecies by unsuitable habitats (Supplementary Data SD6 and SD7), there are two zones of introgression of
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FE172DB34BCE1826" box="[511,704,1513,1536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
O. h.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FDD12DB34BCE1826" authorityName="Schrenk" authorityYear="1859" box="[569,704,1513,1536]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">cinereofusca</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
genes into other subspecies. One of them, in Tukuringra Range, involves
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF5C2E7348541866" box="[180,346,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. h. fedoseevi</emphasis>
|
||
ssp. n. The second, in Aldan Plateau, involves
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF2C2E13488D1846" box="[196,387,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. h. cinereoflava</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9B9717FBDA20FF97FF682E334BAC1F86" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FF682E334AFE1F06" blockId="10.[101,771,745,1984]" lastBlockId="10.[819,1490,201,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF682E33487318A6" box="[128,381,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Nomenclatural notes.—</emphasis>
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FE042E334B7D18A6" authorityName="Schrenk" authorityYear="1859" box="[492,627,1641,1664]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FE042E334B7D18A6" box="[492,627,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not used stably during the 20th century. Different authors have applied this name to different pikas of the Manchurian region. Leaving aside the problem of incorrect taxonomic identification of pikas from this region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FE832EB34B5B1926" author="LISSOVSKY, A. A. & Q. YANG & A. E. PILNIKOV" box="[363,597,1769,1792]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref13519" refString="LISSOVSKY, A. A., Q. YANG, AND A. E. PILNIKOV. 2008. Taxonomy and distribution of the pikas (Ochotona, Lagomorpha) of alpina-hyperborea group in North-East China and adjacent territories. Russian Journal of Theriology 7: 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="2008">Lissovsky et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Formozov and Baklushinskaya 2011), the majority of authors have applied the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FF422F73483F1966" authorityName="Schrenk" authorityYear="1859" box="[170,305,1833,1856]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF422F73483F1966" box="[170,305,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FEB42F734B081966" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1909" box="[348,518,1833,1856]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mantchurica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FEB42F734B081966" box="[348,518,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. mantchurica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mainly as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FD722F7349E21946" baseAuthorityName="Schrenk" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="alpina" subSpecies="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FD722F7349E21946" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. alpina cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FEFD2F1348C01946" author="KUZNETSOV, B. A." box="[277,462,1865,1888]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="59 - 106" refId="ref13110" refString="KUZNETSOV, B. A. 1929. Gрыzuны Voсtocнogo Zabaйkaльi [Rodents of East Transbaikalia]. Proceedings of the Association of Scientific-Research Institute at the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics I MSU 2: 59 - 106." type="journal article" year="1929">Kuznetsov 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FE012F134B761946" author="OGNEV, S. I." box="[489,632,1865,1888]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 429" refId="ref13927" refString="OGNEV, S. I. 1940. Zviрi СССР i pрiлizaщik сtрaн [Mammals of the USSR and adjacent countries]. Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, Moscow - Leningrad 4: 1 - 616. (Translated as: Ognev, S. I. 1966. Mammals of the USSR and adjacent countries: rodents. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem 4: 1 - 429.)" type="journal article" year="1940">Ognev 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Feng and Zheng 1985;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FF122F3348B519A6" author="SMITH, A. T. & N. FORMOZOV & R. HOFFMANN & C. ZHENG & M. ERBAJEVA" box="[250,443,1897,1920]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" refId="ref14464" refString="SMITH, A. T., N. FORMOZOV, R. HOFFMANN, C. ZHENG, AND M. ERBAJEVA. 1990. The pikas. Pp. 14 - 60 in Rabbits, hares and pikas: status survey and conservation action plan (J. A. Chapman and J. E. C. Flux, eds.). IUCN. Gland, Switzerland." type="book" year="1990">Smith et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Hoffmann and Smith 2005). Yakhontov and Formozov (1992) proposed using this name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FF8D2FF3480C19E6" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[101,258,1961,1984]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyperborea">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FF8D2FF3480C19E6" box="[101,258,1961,1984]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. hyperborea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FEF82FF348F819E6" author="SOKOLOV & V. E & E. YU & IVANITSKAYA & V. V. GRUZDEV & V. G. HEPTNER" box="[272,502,1961,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" refId="ref14536" refString="SOKOLOV, V. E., E. YU. IVANITSKAYA, V. V. GRUZDEV, AND V. G. HEPTNER. 1994. Млikopitaющii Рoссii i сopрidiльныk рigioнov. Zaйtiobрazныi [Mammals of Russia and adjacent regions: lagomorphs]. Nauka. Moscow, Russia." type="book" year="1994">Sokolov et al. (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not use this name at all, although they placed it in the list of synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FA8328934CDE1EC6" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1773" box="[1387,1488,201,224]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpina">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FA8328934CDE1EC6" box="[1387,1488,201,224]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. alpina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(considering
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FC5728B34D6B1F26" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1909" box="[959,1125,233,256]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mantchurica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FC5728B34D6B1F26" box="[959,1125,233,256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. mantchurica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and stated that the name belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FCA629534AE71F06" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[846,1001,265,288]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyperborea">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FCA629534AE71F06" box="[846,1001,265,288]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. hyperborea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FCA529734C111AC6" blockId="10.[819,1490,201,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
The nominal taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FBCC29734CDE1F66" box="[1060,1488,297,320]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Lagomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="hyperboreus" variety="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FBCC29734C1E1F66" box="[1060,1296,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Lagomys hyperboreus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FAA129734CDE1F66" box="[1353,1488,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by L. Schrenk on the basis of
|
||
<specimenCount id="C58B8FF9DA20FF96FAC729134CDE1F46" box="[1327,1488,329,352]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
collected by R. Maak in the “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11498A92DA20FF96FB8C29334DAD1FA6" box="[1124,1187,361,384]" country="Russia" name="Amur" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Amur</collectingRegion>
|
||
River.” The specimens were lost before S.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FC2D29D34D571F86" author="OGNEV, S. I." box="[965,1113,393,416]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 429" refId="ref13927" refString="OGNEV, S. I. 1940. Zviрi СССР i pрiлizaщik сtрaн [Mammals of the USSR and adjacent countries]. Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, Moscow - Leningrad 4: 1 - 616. (Translated as: Ognev, S. I. 1966. Mammals of the USSR and adjacent countries: rodents. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem 4: 1 - 429.)" type="journal article" year="1940">Ognev (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
wrote his revision. Published dates of the collected specimens allowed several authors (Yakhontov and Formozov 1992;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FBC029934C121FC6" author="LISSOVSKY, A. A. & Q. YANG & A. E. PILNIKOV" box="[1064,1308,457,480]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref13519" refString="LISSOVSKY, A. A., Q. YANG, AND A. E. PILNIKOV. 2008. Taxonomy and distribution of the pikas (Ochotona, Lagomorpha) of alpina-hyperborea group in North-East China and adjacent territories. Russian Journal of Theriology 7: 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="2008">Lissovsky et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Formozov and Baklushinskaya 2011) to find exact localities where the specimens were collected. On the first day, 18 May, Maak collected a specimen in a site near the mouth of Tontokoy Spring (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6B922B7DA20FF96FCD22A134AAB1C46" box="[826,933,585,608]" degrees="53.194" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" precision="55" value="53.194">53.194°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6B922B7DA20FF96FC5C2A134D271C46" box="[948,1065,585,608]" degrees="119.419" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" precision="55" value="119.419">119.419°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); the fact of collecting a pika is mentioned in the report (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FBF72A334D951CA6" author="MAAK, R." box="[1055,1179,617,640]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="1855" refId="ref13616" refString="MAAK, R. 1859. Putisiсtvii нa Aмuр, сoviрsiннoi po рaсpoрiziнiю Сibiрсkago Otdiлa Iмpiрatoрсkago Рuссkago Giogрaфiciсkago Obщiсtva, v 1855 g [A travel to Amur in 1855, committed by order of the Siberian Division of the Russian Geographical Society]. Izdaniye S. F. Solovyeva. St. Petersburg, Russia." type="journal article" year="1859">Maak 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The second day, 20 May, Maak landed at a meadow near the lower Anikino River (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6B922B7DA20FF96FCD22AF34AAB1CE6" box="[826,933,681,704]" degrees="53.444" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" precision="55" value="53.444">53.444°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6B922B7DA20FF96FC5C2AF34D291CE6" box="[948,1063,681,704]" degrees="120.287" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" precision="55" value="120.287">120.287°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) and near the mouth of the Grishkina River (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6B922B7DA20FF96FC942A934AE91CC6" box="[892,999,713,736]" degrees="53.479" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" precision="55" value="53.479">53.479°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6B922B7DA20FF96FC1B2A934D671CC6" box="[1011,1129,713,736]" degrees="120.760" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" precision="55" value="120.76">120.760°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); no information about pikas was recorded for this day. All three sites are located on the left bank of the Shilka River. Lissovsky explored pika settlements along the entire length of Shilka River and found that the river separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FC952B134D101D46" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[893,1054,841,864]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyperborea">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FC952B134D101D46" box="[893,1054,841,864]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. hyperborea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FBB52B134A7D1DA6" authority="(Lissovsky et al. 2008)" baseAuthorityName="Lissovsky" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mantchurica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FBB52B134C071D46" box="[1117,1289,841,864]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. mantchurica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71C3981DA20FF96FAF72B134A661DA6" author="LISSOVSKY, A. A. & Q. YANG & A. E. PILNIKOV" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref13519" refString="LISSOVSKY, A. A., Q. YANG, AND A. E. PILNIKOV. 2008. Taxonomy and distribution of the pikas (Ochotona, Lagomorpha) of alpina-hyperborea group in North-East China and adjacent territories. Russian Journal of Theriology 7: 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="2008">Lissovsky et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Northern pikas sparsely inhabit only the left bank, while the Manchurian pikas live on the right bank only. Lissovsky explored all three places that comprise the terra typica of
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FCDB2B934A661DC6" box="[819,872,969,992]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. h.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FC862B934C771DC6" authority="(Tontokoy, Anikino, and Grishkina)" baseAuthorityName="Tontokoy, Anikino, and Grishkina" box="[878,1401,969,992]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FC862B934AFB1DC6" box="[878,1013,969,992]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
(Tontokoy, Anikino, and Grishkina)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and did not find pikas in any area. The meadow near the lower Anikino River has good taluses suitable for pikas, while stony habitats near the Tontokoy Spring and near mouth of the Grishkina River were found unsuitable for pikas at the moment of observation. It is highly likely that the stones were covered by vegetation during the last 150 years and abandoned by pikas. During the expeditions along the Shilka,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C58B8FF9DA20FF96FB812CF34DF71AE6" box="[1129,1273,1193,1216]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(ZMMU S-175370) was collected between Tontokoy and Anikino.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF96FCA52CB34C3D1BC6" blockId="10.[819,1490,201,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Several years later, Formozov and Baklushinskaya (2011) designated the lost specimen collected by R. Maak near the mouth of Tontokoy Spring, as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA20FF96FB6F2D734DE21B66" box="[1159,1260,1321,1344]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, acting under the Art. 74.4 (ICZN 1999). The conclusion of this publication includes the statement that allocation of the name
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FB182D334CBA1BA6" box="[1264,1460,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
O. h.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FAC52D334CBA1BA6" box="[1325,1460,1385,1408]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">cinereofusca</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FCDB2DD34AC01B86" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[819,974,1417,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyperborea">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FCDB2DD34AC01B86" box="[819,974,1417,1440]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. hyperborea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FC1C2DD34D921B86" box="[1012,1180,1417,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mantchurica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FC1C2DD34D921B86" box="[1012,1180,1417,1440]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. mantchurica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be considered as definitively solved because pikas from the terra typica (Tontokoy Spring at the moment) had not yet been studied.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D3324470DA20FF97FCA52DB34BAC1F86" blockId="10.[819,1490,201,1984]" lastBlockId="11.[144,814,201,416]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Such a detailed explanation is necessary because the taxonomic allocation of the nominal taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FB092E534AE71866" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Lagomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="hyperboreus" variety="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FB092E534CDE1806" box="[1249,1488,1545,1568]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Lagomys hyperboreus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FC892E734AE71866" box="[865,1001,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is crucial for the arrangement of pika names under discussion. The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FB852E134DFB1846" box="[1133,1269,1609,1632]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FB852E134DFB1846" box="[1133,1269,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described long before the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FC1A2E334D7718A6" box="[1010,1145,1641,1664]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mantchurica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FC1A2E334D7718A6" box="[1010,1145,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">mantchurica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, if the name belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FCDB2ED34AEA1886" box="[819,996,1673,1696]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mantchurica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FCDB2ED34AEA1886" box="[819,996,1673,1696]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. mantchurica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter species and the subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FCDB2EF34AC018E6" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[819,974,1705,1728]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyperborea">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FCDB2EF34AC018E6" box="[819,974,1705,1728]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. hyperborea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under discussion will be renamed. Until there is some probability of allocating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FB912E934C0F18C6" box="[1145,1281,1737,1760]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FB912E934C0F18C6" box="[1145,1281,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FACA2E934CC718C6" box="[1314,1481,1737,1760]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mantchurica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FACA2E934CC718C6" box="[1314,1481,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">O. mantchurica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the nomenclature of the two species remains unstable. The nomenclatural action of Formozov and Baklushinskaya destabilize the situation because it deprives us of a chance to analyze material from the terra typica (because there is no more available habitat for pikas in this location). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA20FF96FADF2F334C9719A6" box="[1335,1433,1897,1920]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(and
|
||
<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA20FF96FCDB2FD34ACB1986" box="[819,965,1929,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) of the nominal taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="148D3FF3DA20FF96FB5F2FD34AB519E6" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Lagomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="hyperboreus" variety="cinereofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FB5F2FD34CAD1986" box="[1207,1443,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">Lagomys hyperboreus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="E1F99862DA20FF96FCDB2FF34AB519E6" box="[819,955,1961,1984]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="38">cinereofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected on the border of the distribution of two pika species; this
|
||
<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA21FF97FE9F289348D71EC6" box="[375,473,201,224]" pageId="11" pageNumber="39" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA21FF97FDD128934BC51EC6" box="[569,715,201,224]" pageId="11" pageNumber="39" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) was lost many years ago, while the type specimen is urgently needed to identify taxonomic allocation of the name-bearer; hence, we designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA21FF97FEFB297348661F66" box="[275,360,297,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="39" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
here. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="0C36FAD2DA21FF97FE0A29734B391F66" box="[482,567,297,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="39" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is selected among the specimens collected as close as possible to the localities collected by Maak. This action should resolve the use of unstable names of two species of pikas from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11498A92DA21FF97FDF929D34B911F86" box="[529,671,393,416]" country="Russia" name="Amur" pageId="11" pageNumber="39">Amur region</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |