115 lines
13 KiB
XML
115 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="22DA081297C9DF5B9C3E81AD370F18F8" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ac395dcb-1b97-46da-beca-572b356590c1" ModsDocID="z00933p001" checkinTime="1247066848371" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Flora M. C. Fernandes, James S. Albert, Maria de Fatima Z. Daniel-Silva, Carlos E. Lopes, William G. R. Crampton & Lurdes F. Almeida-Toledo" docDate="2005" docId="8CAB24C0BF517B9FBAF54C29B00D65FF" docLanguage="en" docName="2005_Fernandes_Albert_Daniel-Silva_Lopes_Crampton_Almeida-Toledo_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 933" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:30610A35-539A-4FEF-BA72-36705F787FE5" docTitle="Gymnotus" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="9A2593744E07ECDFF0FC18AAFDDB2327" masterDocTitle="A new Gymnotus (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the Pantanal Matogrossense of Brazil and adjacent drainages: continued documentation of a cryptic fauna." masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1701314133961" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="DCF4C1CBA001C32FEBD016A6E7C33BA2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1F66DEC4173A622FC93DE79813ED1A74">
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<mods:title id="E71EA699EAB9CAAC548C2596F1A1BB8B">A new Gymnotus (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the Pantanal Matogrossense of Brazil and adjacent drainages: continued documentation of a cryptic fauna.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="89A51AC041798DF7F9C631F9CA899F11" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="988F09ED7AF83CD2D35367F69DE4A93D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="41B5E42E669DA042F06B01619DADA201">Flora M. C. Fernandes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0305EF6F3B582C1FCBDC6115DCD254C6">James S. Albert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C49F33CC95D402FD06C868025E0A686D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BD6CF5D7E3897EC22A9C27962DAE6385">Maria de Fatima Z. Daniel-Silva</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="AC37084408B30873A6B15C295E88D099" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="43E30E23BDD2147249ED0624540E7E00">
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<mods:roleTerm id="226D4327AD8128BD8F2518FD099FA972">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="82C0E81E3AC798FA2AF28DD8BF47C762">Carlos E. Lopes</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B92A1D91CD4BC4C9B0425B40567A2F47" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5D69B9FE26E05CF4334D835344711493">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="467D3580B81F2148D90708CB91AB53F7">William G. R. Crampton</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="860803DF31567CB934670870E9BB11D5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="40F9F40C1196CE3153376C3F8F952D46">Lurdes F. Almeida-Toledo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9C1CED2E3CF5CF92A30EC2577FABBDCB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D398F5EAC8B1059D7F60CAD5210EC2BC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="49104A7A5FA9501D9D4E5BD3F25266B9">
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<mods:date id="ADED1AB873AB55CE7F3A6958D4D7A649">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C37B7DCB4FF23C40A41D14EB5186F772" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6DF74BA81FED3131D13692E4B70DCF24">933</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="AF48B4ECD20FEB38F2E85D796597915F">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="A68551E7527BD575DA489D52188591AE">14</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="6065F0ADEC91C21E953C9F34188EA174">http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:30610A35-539A-4FEF-BA72-36705F787FE5</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="90DADA8F682318B1CFEDA66C8FCC9FAF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A8857E45BC6522527BA8BCEAE0BF9641" type="Plazi-Custom">z00933p001</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="25DC75A51DC80B2096DB3BDDF5FBD3BC" type="ZooBank">30610A35-539A-4FEF-BA72-36705F787FE5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8CAB24C0BF517B9FBAF54C29B00D65FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6268924" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100122637" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6268924" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8CAB24C0BF517B9FBAF54C29B00D65FF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8CAB24C0BF517B9FBAF54C29B00D65FF" lastPageNumber="3" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="84E403AD051AA451C8AB80D65FDAFEC6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AC6FA223CA73CBCE670027E3CB42D27E">
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[[
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<taxonomicName id="606F8EF5B7D1C073A3EE512825F03114" ID-CoL="4RYJ" ID-ENA="36670" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus (L.)</taxonomicName>
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]]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="98B54547D9C05E553BD75708D7BDB556" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A13AD5675223B38B562324340132A349" pageNumber="2">Introduction</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C14B3C5163508DAD6D6C020614BD373" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="34F97F157251AFC78E30130E757E2BF4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus (L.)</taxonomicName>
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is a monophyletic group of gymnotiform fishes that is readily recognizable by the presence of a superior mouth with a prognathous lower jaw, a fleshy pad of electroreceptor organs and support tissues over the tip of the snout and mandible, a pair of dorsally oriented pipe-shaped anterior nares partially or entirely included within the gape, a ventrally curved rictus, the lateral position of the eyes on the head (at a horizontal with the gape), numerous long rami of the posterior lateral line extending ventrally on the caudal portion of the body, and a very long body cavity with 31-48 precaudal vertebrae (Albert 2001; Albert et al. 2005). Most
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<taxonomicName id="2F3BCE944C79B70CCF5412CBED0AE890" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus</taxonomicName>
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species possess obliquely oriented bands of dark and light pigments along the length of the body from which they derive the English common name “banded knife-fish.”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B751596F5EA9E67236EBC905C889329E" lastPageNumber="3" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="20DE0850E1E7A30CAAD3E447BEBEC9D3" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus</taxonomicName>
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species extend from the Pampas of Argentina (36 °S) to Chiapas, Mexico (18 °N) and are known from the continental waters of all South and Middle American countries except Chile and Belize (Albert 2001). Many species of
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<taxonomicName id="FA43C20B631B9CD7DBCDC4A2BFB7BEF4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus</taxonomicName>
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exhibit sizable variation in body shape and color patterns within and between populations (MagoLeccia1994; Albert & Miller 1995; Albert et al. 1999). Since these features are also used to recognize
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<taxonomicName id="9EAB0478BAA666C5D23334EDAF218171" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus</taxonomicName>
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species, much of the diversity in the group remains undocumented and many undescribed species exist in museum collections and in the wild (Nelson, 1994, Albert et al. 1999; Albert 2001). There are currently 31 species of
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<taxonomicName id="AFA59A655FC75A1E4EAA41B0AEECC0DF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus</taxonomicName>
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recognized (Albert et al. 2005). As for many Neotropical freshwater fishes, species diversity of this group is greatest in the Amazon basin where 15 species are known, 10 of which inhabit vrzea Whitewater floodplains (Albert & Crampton 2001, Crampton et al. 2003). Fewer data are available on species diversity, distributions and population structure of this group in other Neotropical basins (Fernandes-Matioli et al. 2000).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5F3BFFB590B7665507E4DEB59332E354" pageNumber="3">
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In central and southeastern Brazil many specimens are ascribed to
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<taxonomicName id="B391449F0894AE330E5C4C37585C11AD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5F46381A-E70B-478D-9692-D0720712B71B" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus carapo Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carapo">G. carapo L.</taxonomicName>
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, the type locality of which is in Surinam (Albert 2001). Three other
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<taxonomicName id="2D0681153C09136FDF196CBBB48E1AB6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus</taxonomicName>
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species have been recognized from central and southeastern Brazil:
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<taxonomicName id="77D8294755BE11A6EE787C841D5CAE31" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pantherinus">G. pantherinus (Steindachner)</taxonomicName>
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from the coastal drainages of southeastern, Brazil,
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<taxonomicName id="1250D4546B8B89B9B3F5DBBBDABBB0C9" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inaequilabiatus">G. inaequilabiatus (Valenciennes)</taxonomicName>
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from the Parana-Paraguay basin and some coastal drainages of Uruguay and southeastern Brazil, and
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<taxonomicName id="10704616A56B5E8C7FFFDC28003AA9E2" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:77FBC345-D77B-4DF8-9840-670228307ECA" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus sylvius Albert & Fernandes-Matioli 1999:412" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvius">G. sylvius (Albert et al. 1999)</taxonomicName>
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from coastal drainages of
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<normalizedToken id="6621CD194F3C0430A4C6C39B657F8C55" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo State and the Rio
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<normalizedToken id="60ED45B20E396265BB1473F8F7085B03" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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basin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A33533BB33FAB8C0C2D69E3F82F6A5D" pageNumber="3">
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Here we describe a new species discovered by one of us (FMCF) as part of a survey of population structure and genealogical/coalescent analysis of
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<taxonomicName id="EAECA07362D408F769A703130F733FC0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F927E13-DF20-4313-BF35-89BA8B7DE1CE" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Gymnotus Linnaeus 1758:246" order="Gymnotiformes" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnotus</taxonomicName>
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from the Pantanal Matogrossense, Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |