195 lines
15 KiB
XML
195 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482" ID-GBIF-Dataset="36e5551d-3881-45a2-810a-386e517c86fc" ID-PMC="PMC3867181" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-363-1" ID-PubMed="24363601" ID-ZBK="780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-363-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 363" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)" checkinTime="1451246560986" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz" docDate="2013" docId="C2498E553BA0F5C6469313799D158FE0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 363: 1-161" docOrigin="ZooKeys 363" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482" docTitle="Hydrochasma sinuatum Mathis & Zatwarnicki, 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="A5946E37-A8F0-41D1-89A3-B41CCD84BBC1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFF2FFCA0333765855689824FFCDB839" masterDocTitle="A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="161" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668157177207" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>363</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>161</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-363-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050144" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A5946E37-A8F0-41D1-89A3-B41CCD84BBC1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2498E553BA0F5C6469313799D158FE0" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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7.
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/A5946E37-A8F0-41D1-89A3-B41CCD84BBC1" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sinuatum" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuatum">Hydrochasma sinuatum</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 36-43
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hydrochasma</taxonomicName>
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species Mathis, 1997:182 [review, Belize].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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This species is distinguished from other congeners by the following combination of characters: Small shore flies, body length 1.50-1.95 mm. Head: Antenna mostly dark gray; parafacial silvery white, concolorous with facial coloration; gena-to-eye ratio 0.18-0.20. Thorax: Wing with costal vein ratio 0.75-0.76; M vein ratio 0.47-0.49. Forecoxa whitish gray to gray. Hindtibia with prominent ventroapical, shallowly curved, spur-like seta. Abdomen: Tergites broadly slate gray medially, lacking wedge-shaped, gray to silvery gray areas laterally; tergite 5 of male gray with faint brown lateral margins, concolorous with tergites 2-4. Male terminalia (Figs 39-42): Combined structures generally moderately elongate, in posterior view height less than twice width (1.83
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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), dorsal half with setulae twice length of those on ventral half; epandrium with dorsal arch above cerci narrowly connected, in posterior view (Fig. 39) with dorsal margin arched, dorsal half as wide as high, apical half as 2 elongate, narrow, almost parallel sided processes, each oriented slightly medially, forming a deep, medial incision, in lateral view (Fig. 40) with anterior margin conspicuously sinuous, widest ventrad of cercus with a notch-like incision at base of ventral epandrial extension, ventral epandrial extension slightly tapered to rounded apex; cerci moderately elongate, height nearly twice width in posterior view, mostly semi-hemispherical (Fig. 39); aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 42) elongate, narrow, nearly straight, length about 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, tubular, in ventral view (Fig. 41) shallowly emarginate at base, mostly parallel sided on basal half, apical half tapered to narrowly rounded apex; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 42) narrowly elongate, keel very shallow and short, barely evident, in ventral view (Fig. 41) an elongate T with arms very short and thin, perpendicular; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 42) very narrowly elongate, bar-like, nearly straight, in ventral view (Fig. 41) as a robust, short comma; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 42) elongate, thin, very shallowly arched, in ventral view (Fig. 41) with elongate, narrow, lateral processes, each slightly more than half length of aedeagus, anterior margin shallowly incised, incision shallowly bifurcate.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Figures 36-38.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sinuatum" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuatum">Hydrochasma sinuatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (Honduras.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cortés">Cortes</normalizedToken>
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: Omoa) 36 head, anterior view 37 same, lateral view 38 same, oblique view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Figures 39-42.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sinuatum" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuatum">Hydrochasma sinuatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (Mexico. Sinaloa: 13 km NE of Concordia) 39 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 40 same, lateral view 41 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 42 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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The holotype male of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sinuatum" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuatum">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">Hydrochasma</pageBreakToken>
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sinuatum
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</taxonomicName>
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is labeled "BELIZE. Stann Cr[ee]k. Dist[rict]. MullinsRiver[,] (17km N Dangriga)[,] 29 March 1988, Wayne N. Mathis/USNM ENT 00285977 [plastic bar code label]/HOLOTYPE ♂
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sinuatum" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuatum">Hydrochasma sinuatum</taxonomicName>
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Mathis & Zatwarnicki, USNM [red]." The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a block of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. Fifteen paratypes (6♂, 9♀; USNM) bear the same label data as the holotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Belize. Stann Creek: Mullins Creek (17 km N Dangriga;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="17.103333">17°06.2'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-88.29667">88°17.8'W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="other specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Neotropical. BELIZE. Stann Creek: Dangriga (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.966667">16°58'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.21667">88°13'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 3-4 Apr 1993, W. N. Mathis (18♂, 8♀; USNM); Silk Grass
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<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">Creek</pageBreakToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.966667">16°58'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.21667">88°13'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 3 Apr 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Twin Cays, Aanderaa Flats (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.833334">16°50'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.1">88°06'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 17-21 Mar 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Twin Cays, West Bay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.833334">16°50'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.1">88°06'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 22 May 1988,W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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COSTA RICA. Guanacaste: Santa Cruz (14 km S;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="10.173333">10°10.4'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-85.595">85°35.7'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 180 m), 23 Jun 2001, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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HONDURAS.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cortés">Cortes</normalizedToken>
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: Omoa (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="16.796667">16°47.8'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-87.973335">87°58.4'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 26 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 2♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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MEXICO. Sinaloa: Concordia (13 km NE;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="23.345">23°20.7'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-105.973335">105°58.4'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 15 Aug 1960, P. H. Arnaud, Jr., D. C. Rentz, E. D. Ross (7♂, 12♀; CAS, USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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PERU. Madre de Dios:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Manu, Erika (near
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Salvación">Salvacion</normalizedToken>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-12.845">12°50.7'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.388336">71°23.3'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 550 m), 5-6 Sep 1988, A. Freidberg, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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(Fig. 43). Neotropical: Belize (Stann Creek), Costa Rica (Guanacaste), Honduras (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cortés">Cortes</normalizedToken>
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), Mexico (Sinaloa), Peru (Madre de Dios).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Figure 43. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sinuatum" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuatum">Hydrochasma sinuatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">The species epithet, sinuatum, is of Latin derivation and means winding or bent, referring to the shape of the extended epandrium in lateral view.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Although structures of the male terminalia of this species are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma digitatum" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="digitatum">Hydrochasma digitatum</taxonomicName>
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, they consistently differ in detail. This is particularly evident in the shape of the ventral, epandrial processes where in lateral view there is a basal, posterior notch, and the processes themselves are sinuous and not shallowly arched, as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma digitatum" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="digitatum">Hydrochasma digitatum</taxonomicName>
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. The sinuous profile of the ventral, epandrial process is the basis for the name of this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |