treatments-xml/data/78/03/F9/7803F9FCEC04C070F68CB56D771792FB.xml

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<mods:title id="631C0F07952B72099FB7FA7815E5CF5B">A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6C21F33C5B7AFEEC8420F9E701557D77">Srisonchai, Ruttapon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1AD014F54353CB22478B1BFB486B13AE">Enghoff, Henrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="746E55B2D4DDA60B99AD4F61BA50B841">Likhitrakarn, Natdanai</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="7803F9FCEC04C070F68CB56D771792FB" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144172429" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7803F9FCEC04C070F68CB56D771792FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7803F9FCEC04C070F68CB56D771792FB" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="4FE31FE0C9AF34E9AB1BAB65AF49515F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E67D52A370F3C479AE01B647C9E21E90" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="4FFB326478FEE5F6AFBAB7F0B0D01433" ID-CoL="354BY" authority="Enghoff, Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2007" authorityName="Enghoff, Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2007" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea Enghoff, Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2007</taxonomicName>
Figs 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7C2B4FC239B8DA1EB93305CB854DDFBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E944ECD2D2F0BAE7565CDA4B624E351E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="1AE110DE3204981EA42410954B0297D8" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea</taxonomicName>
Enghoff, Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2007: 32. 
<bibRefCitation id="FAB8E19566C9ACC80B9CC3ACB36B1E28" author="Nguyen, DA" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1132 - 1353" title="A worldwide catalog of the family Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)." url="https://doi.org/10.15560/9.6.1132" volume="9" year="2013">Nguyen and Sierwald 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 1242.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="82FBC90958A282F7530631A9AAE0AEB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9B29BC38F5305BAFB0A38BE46CD72B3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="76A4710CA773F82CE49E866A5CA6B3FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Hototype: Male (CUMZ), THAILAND, Uthai Thani Province, Department of National Parks, Tam Pratun Non-Hunting Area, Hup Pa Tard. 
<geoCoordinate id="05D07372CB46A41375F00C040B503589" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.377222">15°22'38&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="4B2496706B8F8D1F8A97695B79755659" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.630554">99°37'50&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 28 August 2006, leg. S. Panha, H. Enghoff, P. Pimwichai, and C. Sutcharit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8F4A3A2B5FF426E0F21D4DEC482CE31" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="paratypes">
<paragraph id="18AC46DCE478EFBFA358E5C2C3954CE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E44789A0D072155EE17B5DDA75A03DF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16 males, 30 females (CUMZ), 4 males, 3 females (ZMUC), same data as holotype.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A7AA4668ED67E3DD919D1F05A58A2385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="further specimens">
<paragraph id="6CA2609EF4B922AA73D73183B591C8DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Further specimens,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D245254C3547A6CE9A19F95FC66ED84F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
all from THAILAND, Kanchanaburi Province: 8 males, 5 females, 1 broken male, 1 male missing gonopods, 1 male missing left gonopod, 1 fragment, 1 juvenile (CUMZ), Sai Yok District, Daowadueng Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="3ED4364CA1FFCD155FFEE04C17A5626B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.473055">14°28'23&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="2833064F79F92B259FCF67FFC4EFD577" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.83445">98°50'04&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 132 m a.s.l., 11 July 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Sai Yok District, Daowadueng Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="239ACBBB27DF27DC251654CE86A9976D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.473055">14°28'23&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="6B844949919E57F8AA491EFE930F64AF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.83445">98°50'04&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 132 m a.s.l., 12 October 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit and R. Srisonchai. 14 males, 7 females (CUMZ), Sai Yok District, Daowadueng Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="57CA476D4B9E64474DF69ACA78C1F7CA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.473055">14°28'23&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E4027257EB0BF783DF177AAC64255DBC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.83445">98°50'04&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 132 m a.s.l., 15 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 3 males, 1 female (CUMZ), Sai Yok District, Ban Thung Kang Yang, 
<geoCoordinate id="CE0106C6CE92233C220634E4C3AE1DB9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.404722">14°24'17&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9D87868EBE7604B67F16A54DCC0B1D71" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.91778">98°55'04&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 264 m a.s.l., 15 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 38 males, 13 females (CUMZ), Sai Yok District, Wat Sunantha Wanaram, 
<geoCoordinate id="260AEDF2050EB2DFCBD604719D306AE3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.536389">14°32'11&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="53A422B4E0A5BE361FEF0CE0094D54A9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.83083">98°49'51&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 161 m a.s.l., 17 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Si Sawat District, Chalermrattanakosin National Park, Tham Than Lod Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="542995F56FC1CBC2E6A867CE3EA479D2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.668334">14°40'06&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="6D5E51D178CD140C9E18B9F2D545BA3A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.31722">99°19'02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 255 m a.s.l., 9 September 1973, leg. CUMZ staff. Many specimens (CUMZ), Si Sawat District, Chalermrattanakosin National Park, Tham Than Lod Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="1156EBC1AE20CF16F4EBE9AE01AA3066" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.668334">14°40'06&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="01F214C34F76D65D37DA7773ED409DE7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.31722">99°19'02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 255 m a.s.l., 10 July 2006, leg. CUMZ staff. 6 males, 4 females (CUMZ), Si Sawat District, Chalermrattanakosin National Park, Tham Than Lod Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="9484C04449BF05DC3FBF017075C7F342" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.668334">14°40'06&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="66981ACD365C2516514F4B84D4A2DC54" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.31722">99°19'02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 255 m a.s.l., 13 October 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit and R. Srisonchai. 1 male missing gonopods, 2 females (CUMZ), Sangkhla Buri District, Kroeng Krawia Waterfall, 
<geoCoordinate id="14E0C97ADABA611D9F78646FEF037A45" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.982222">14°58'56&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="C5432B2B0952A0A56164C14D5002B3F5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.63194">98°37'55&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 264 m a.s.l., 10 July 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 7 males, 12 females (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Kroeng Krawia Checkpoint, 
<geoCoordinate id="9513948405113B14AD1F68520D90C5F5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.942223">14°56'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="3C63BFA5C820DBA187E083CB1953FB01" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.669716">98°40'11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 347 m a.s.l., 16 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF41E3318AD287402D635A9BEBD5B2A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Lamphun Province: 1 male (CUMZ), Pasang District, Tham Erawan (Erawan Cave), 
<geoCoordinate id="7786E8B3CF119966DCF6F663BE68B5F8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="18.32639">18°19'35&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="07AB501C496D8D864C5EC9A74D013665" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.87334">98°52'24&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 551 m a.s.l., 26 October 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="13A8720950FD82D24358CC030376B76A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Suphan Buri Province: 3 juveniles (CUMZ), Dan Chang District, Tham Weruwan, 
<geoCoordinate id="5BA31BA0D0AE704F01F68FDA34F1C07E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.954722">14°57'17&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="31CBCF230697066206571201101411B5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.64694">99°38'49&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 121 m a.s.l., 5 June 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, A. Pholyotha, and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="05CDC0B283A7ECCFEAAA851BEE34DE1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Uthai Thani Province: 1 male missing gonopods (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="C416D63BBBED66DBBA55E3385D9F4ABB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="4F3CD78C809D63866E1FB249EF53B81E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 8 June 2008, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 7 males, 9 females, 1 broken female, 1 male missing gonopods (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="0611CADDBE409C104506728F49952253" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="C1FA0AFBBDFF053CD6E8B50E77688E59" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 15 May 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 5 females (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="018CDC5A3AEAED25403CCADD134A97CF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="064A217B619DC57691C589CE85FCCD9B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., April 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male, 3 broken and mixed males (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="228936155E623CB3D0E9CC58BC25BA0E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="88792A09DA9D6F80F9AB05CBD3DF7F8A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 27 October 2013, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="2B52D5100AB43AE8B34683C2832532B7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="83A27C302D49F8B3A87335DD38275B2C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 31 May 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="47C201FD9CE22EB5B44E14BC348043AC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="696DDA91D4F4FA2754DE8141245202DB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 7 June 2008, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="E9803C530B4A400414453516F246657C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="52D3467C3EDCEB66D9939D70D96B2335" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 10 September 2006, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="ED441660DD02C2EB523AB922F60206D2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F9DD047F5E0B9E1BE527D2EBD626F310" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., unknown date, unknown collector. 1 female (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="891C82567A3E03D7E084B108CB5DECEB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BC6851F7D8397AC6D3171312FE09946D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 27 October 2013, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 2 males, 1 female (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="83A6106355B314C84249971483C0B506" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="27EA4BA64BACFE6F2DD15EF2F988D665" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 1 August 2014, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 34 specimens (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="345B9DBF6EF51B7A12000F0A62F5F6D5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="8E2D85422E20F95559B3FF1C4F2BD820" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 20 October 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit and R. Srisonchai. 4 males, 1 female (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="CCCAF4C2ADDBA09C70EEB67884C987F3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="2317D205C4A20EA3E90E0C70B5B00CC6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 27 July 2006, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 1 male, 1 female (ZMUC), 1 male, 1 female (ZMUM), 1 male, 1 female (NHMW), 1 male, 1 female (NHMUK), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="6AE0DDF096E260015FAE860AFBB26050" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="2369BE44B477F5201926C9F81F28206F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 27 July 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 9 males, 1 female, 6 broken males and 4 broken females mixed together (CUMZ), Lansak District, Hup Pa Tard, 
<geoCoordinate id="74232212D89019D27FB043D8E8699FA8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.373889">15°22'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="848339FFACFBF8E4F8364FB0FD203E17" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63278">99°37'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 19 August 2017, leg. R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Lansak District, Tham Pha Nam Thip Bureau of Monks, 
<geoCoordinate id="B9FCFD4231D0E4BFBDBB86BA0A9333F4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.434167">15°26'03&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="AD23F470AA843E04B47206613DBF368F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.590004">99°35'24&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 245 m a.s.l., 27 July 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 17 males, 6 females (CUMZ), Lansak District, Tham Pha Nam Thip Bureau of Monks, 
<geoCoordinate id="E6F28301315C8132656FCA9B4A62A0DA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.434167">15°26'03&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="B72CE8A15246444A9407746D81E6086F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.590004">99°35'24&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 245 m a.s.l., 19 August 2017, leg. R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. 4 males, 6 females, 1 broken male, 2 broken females (CUMZ), Lansak District, Wat Wang Pong (Wat Tham Khoa Chong Lom), 
<geoCoordinate id="B4EF73464E182D811DC915C9BB326821" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.280556">15°16'50&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BA619AFEE7312BE61620DBA20C594909" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.71972">99°43'11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 90 m a.s.l., 28 July 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Ban Rai District, Wat Khao Chuak Charoen Tham, 
<geoCoordinate id="6C840092D87A7B1F4EA0AF4A97339320" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.271944">15°16'19&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="A02E87E257D63B1CBCE62811E9D9EE59" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.69528">99°41'43&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 86 m a.s.l., 8 July 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 3 males (CUMZ), Ban Rai District, Wat Tham Khao Wong, 
<geoCoordinate id="2D26070444E7A4D16F2E662AB402DD37" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.032499">15°01'57&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="00654330E54824FA0081AFD6D24BF9F9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.45583">99°27'21&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 259 m a.s.l., 27 October 2013, leg. S. Sutcharit, R. Chanabun, and S. Siriwut.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="64A1F7B0C38ED9ED7EE93A56543CE38C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C7D899E9FED37463892B14362254A137" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF2D6737905A04D70D70E6801A3B247A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Differs from all other 
<taxonomicName id="DA802A290B74F2183BBD47407CB9CBEB" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Desmoxytes</taxonomicName>
species by the combination of the following characters; body purple pink; collum with rows of 4+4 anterior, 1+1 intermediate and 2+2 posterior setiferous tubercles; tip of epiproct slightly or moderately concave; lateral sulcus (ls) deep, long and narrow; lamina lateralis (ll) swollen, surface smooth; ventral lobe (vll) of lamina lateralis long and slender, digitiform, tip round; process (plm) of lamina medialis very long, spine-like, tip usually bifurcating into two distinct spines (in some populations tip terminating in 3-5 spines); distal lobe (dlm) of lamina medialis quite long, distally with two distinct lamellae (mesal lamella smaller and thinner than lateral lamella, tip crenate; lateral lamella broad).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="21BF9673C84771A4BBAB09076C0052B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="3EB461CA2E468F1B92889340ADFEBF9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B030DDA353FD0F8EBABDC439E33216D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
THAILAND, Uthai Thani Province, Lansak District, Department of National Parks, Tam Pratun 
<normalizedToken id="00BC0F6DD6A7D0123A2860916A5D9DE8" originalValue="Non–Hunting">Non-Hunting</normalizedToken>
Area, Hup Pa Tard.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44B6F811F52538D00209F2C69CB91A8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The updated redescription hereunder is modified from 
<bibRefCitation id="9C81FC0C034B856A5F081D28769718EA" author="Enghoff, H" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 36" title="The shocking pink dragon millipede, Desmoxytespurpurosea, a colourful new species from Thailand (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1563.1.3" volume="1563" year="2007">Enghoff et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
; some morphological characteristics have been added which were extracted from the type material and all recently collected specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F234159407F9820C72DABC718FFA8AAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="C1BA5A8FA343380D09717122C8575BB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E47117107BA6DE689876218C26945CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SIZE: Length 22-34 mm (male), 26-38 mm (female); width of midbody metazona ca. 2 mm (male), 3.4 mm (female). Width of head &lt;collum = body ring 2 &lt;3 = 4 &lt;5-17, thereafter body gradually tapering toward telson.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8792EA894BD46BC852E66BAEE1FE733" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
COLOUR (Fig. 75 
<normalizedToken id="8E646181529F0C9BDB08FB1134DF4691" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
): In life with body purple to vivid pink; paraterga and metaterga vivid pink to purple; surface below paraterga brownish pink or pink; head brown or blackish brown; antenna black or blackish brown (except distal part of antennomere 7 and antennomere 8 whitish); leg, sterna and epiproct pink; a few basal podomeres pale pink. Colour in alcohol: after 10-11 years changed brownish white, after 2-5 years changed to pale brown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="55A441CAF03609E1DC0F55651A617D55" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="F93A4B8540B41B6220470F234FC36D5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 75. Photographs of live 
<taxonomicName id="C15C355A68F06E9A2EE721A5F5150310" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea</taxonomicName>
Enghoff et al., 2007 (specimens from Hup Pa Tard) and habitat. A male B female C early adult male D mating couple E habitat.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8679BE16BE101B996CE29125876EC420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ANTENNAE (Fig. 76D): Very long and slender, reaching to body ring 7 or 8 (male), and 6 (female) when stretched dorsally.</paragraph>
<caption id="8F76EC741805777D5CA6445ECB726742" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="F58456337F99AFF1E329BC0F3988DFCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 76. 
<taxonomicName id="EC969C912DE718B60BCB880E15E3260F" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea</taxonomicName>
Enghoff et al., 2007 (male paratype). A anterior body part B body rings 8-10 (op = ozopore) C posteriormost body rings and telson D head and antenna E paraterga of ring 10 (arrow = tiny denticle) F body ring 10.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6015B54568B78A6FA143AC35379B81D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLLUM (Fig. 76A): With 3 transverse rows of setiferous tubercles, 4+4 anterior, 1+1 intermediate and 2+2 posterior tubercles, lateral tubercles of posterior row located almost halfway anteriad to intermediate row; paraterga with one conspicuous setiferous notch on lateral margin, elevated at 15°-20°.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4120EC97642E3A840A640B5ADCD18432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">TEGUMENT: Slightly shining; collum and metaterga coarsely microgranulate; surface below paraterga finely microgranulate; prozona finely shagreened; paraterga, sterna and epiproct smooth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF3F7AA6BCA6FB7A6985630F2C9E1357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
METATERGA (Fig. 76 
<normalizedToken id="774A563BA6CA50C536C8CAAE070DEB59" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
): With 2 transverse rows of setiferous rose thorn-like spines; metaterga 2-18 with 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior spines; metatergum 19 with 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior spines/tubercles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E8E71C0AF7341A9A0907683182B3D90B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PARATERGA (Fig. 76E, F): Directed caudolaterad on body rings 2-17, elevated at ca. 45° (male) 40° (female); directed increasingly caudad on body rings 18 and 19; anterior margin with 2 distinct notches, on lateral margin of body rings 9, 10, 12, 13, 15-18 with tiny denticle near the tip.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF5BDA1EC02D6431EF2BCF0D7F8417EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
TELSON (Fig. 77 
<normalizedToken id="A8914971E23E50D93841EBB433B05809" originalValue="C–G">C-G</normalizedToken>
): Epiproct: tip slightly or moderately concave; lateral setiferous tubercles inconspicuous, short; apical tubercles conspicuous, usually short (very long and distinct in Kanchanaburi B population). Hypoproct trapeziform; caudal margin round, with inconspicuous setiferous tubercles.
</paragraph>
<caption id="18313C6C8323335222862613A0517690" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="4101F2E0333B42A54122FDC930152841" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 77. 
<taxonomicName id="8634B1C224F787375B403701925ADC22" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea</taxonomicName>
Enghoff et al., 2007 (male paratype). A body rings 8-10 B sculpture of ring 10 C, E last ring and telson D hypoproct F, G epiproct H male leg 5 (right) I male leg 6 (right) J male leg 13 (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A5742DAB2CF322315E3206A8582D77B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">STERNA (Fig. 78): Cross-impressions shallow. Sternal lobe between male coxae 4 swollen and stout, usually trapeziform (in specimen from Lamphun Province subsemicircular), tip usually round or truncate (in some specimens slightly emarginate).</paragraph>
<caption id="C2EE19A2746B6D48BD8118EA0BB74DA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="E15D10F71CF3382EA0251BBCC102FD48" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 78. 
<taxonomicName id="9301DE262BD4E82F1F6F694EBA1ED6E3" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea</taxonomicName>
Enghoff et al., 2007 (male paratypes) - sternal lobe between male coxae 4. A, D ventral view B caudal view C lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A20BE3DBDB8925E87A2CD6F7EE9AFF6C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
LEGS (Fig. 77 
<normalizedToken id="0ED8E72EC7813A3B66115E7BA1C0BA16" originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
): Very long and slender. Male femora 5 and 6 strongly humped ventrally in middle part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ECBEDCC04875FC6FBD7A6CE68890348A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">GONOPODS (Figs 79, 80, 81): Coxa (cx) longer than prefemur. Cannula (ca) long and slender. Prefemur (pfe) ca. 2/3 as long as femur. Femur (fe) long and slender. Mesal sulcus (ms) very deep and wide, lateral sulcus (ls) very deep, long and narrow. Postfemur (pof) conspicuous, ventrally very wide and stout. Solenophore (sph) well-developed: lamina lateralis (ll) swollen, surface smooth; ventral lobe (vll) long and slender, digitiform, tip round, directed ventrad: lamina medialis (lm) well-developed; process (plm) very long, spine-like, tip usually bifurcating into two distinct spines (in some populations tip terminating in 3-5 spines), directed mesoanteriad; distal lobe (dlm) quite long, distally with two distinct lamellae (mesal lamella slightly smaller than lateral one, tip crenate; lateral lamella broad); broad lobe (blm) thick, obviously demarcated from distal lobe (dlm) by conspicuous indentation. Solenomere (sl) long, twisted distally.</paragraph>
<caption id="7D633417520A8E050D2547BC600407E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="A1C1072AA4F0B254AD4D56E7F0ACF8CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 79. 
<taxonomicName id="C3CF22CE7384E660D26D1C2C569357D8" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea</taxonomicName>
Enghoff et al., 2007 (specimen from Hup Pa Tard) - right gonopod. A mesal view B submesal view (arrow = indentation) C lateral view D dorsal view (Kanchababuri A and B populations) E subdorsal view F ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="8DC1105008BD2C14929FAD33E0585A94" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="6E052361E886599D999A341CBFFF8C78" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 80. 
<taxonomicName id="00B9FEFF21B191D24E476D723659D881" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea</taxonomicName>
Enghoff et al., 2007 - right gonopod. A mesal view (specimen from Hup Pa Tard) B, C process (plm) of lamina medialis (Lamphun and Uthai Thani populations) D dorsal view (specimen from Tham Than Lod cave) E, F process (plm) of lamina medialis (Kanchababuri A and B populations).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="83D8513A40A2D7004FBC906C786E11D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="CDE98709B7FE7C6FF075B1DFD0D26F7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 81. 
<taxonomicName id="229C299E0E4FBF5C61FDB1AD79E301DE" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes purpurosea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurosea">Desmoxytes purpurosea</taxonomicName>
Enghoff et al., 2007 (specimen from Hup Pa Tard) - right gonopod. A lateral view B mesal view C ventral view D subdorsal view (arrow = indentation) E dorsal view F subdorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="508D78A26D5089C4D0ACC00773ECCE2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4A091C77809560EBC3CADDA018603FA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A1E346803BAAE9551B4B5352850F81A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Known from several places in many provinces (Kampaeng Phet, Kanchanaburi, Lamphun, Suphan Buri, and Uthai Thani). All specimens were collected from limestone habitats (Fig. 75E); they were very easy to collect because of their aposematic colouration. We noticed that 
<normalizedToken id="F79F08FD52D4139C974D984CCE14C67E" originalValue="August–September">August-September</normalizedToken>
is an annual peak period for adult swarming.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB843F542830E80ED732C693C66CFFC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Although this species has been found in several places, it is distributed only in central, west, and north Thailand. Hence, 
<taxonomicName id="888C4C61FC04F29C02E3EDFF99D2D831" lsidName="D. purpurosea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="purpurosea">D. purpurosea</taxonomicName>
is regarded as endemic for the Thai fauna.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E8F9899C4E43C7899785DC529DBC0ADF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A specimen from Nakhon Sawan Province (Mae Wong National Park, near the type locality of 
<taxonomicName id="7A668E4526BBE96FBD34120C32FADC0E" lsidName="D. purpurosea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="purpurosea">D. purpurosea</taxonomicName>
) which really looks very much like 
<taxonomicName id="C9C239B97D35354C254FE2BCD00CA85E" lsidName="D. purpurosea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="purpurosea">D. purpurosea</taxonomicName>
is shown on YouTube (&quot;shocking pink dragon millipede - living treasure of the forest at Mae Wong National Park&quot; (https://youtu.be/jQsn6rOrlA8 - in Thai)). Although we cannot confirm this record because we did not examine specimens from this location, according to the known distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="B90AF76D7CA077AE4BD12B26F90EAC87" lsidName="D. purpurosea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="purpurosea">D. purpurosea</taxonomicName>
, the specimen from Nakhon Sawan Province may possibly be this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6158C199B7AD21A99329A36F65CC44FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A1858D9A689A551D17D65A53AFDC3E30" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A667E8AC9DEE03FFBF927029C700CB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Interestingly, all adult specimens in all populations show exactly the same colour as reported in the original description: vivid pink to purple. However, we found morphological variation between four main populations delimited as follows:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6ABCB332465C9EC7EF4FFB7FCE2C23EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1. Lamphun - Tham Erawan.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CEF1309A3D64AC8BC00C4A1FC9A3CAE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2. Uthai Thani - Tham Pha Nam Thip, Wat Wang Pong, Wat Khao Chuak Charoen Tham, Wat Tham Khao Wong and Tham Weruwan.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6A1EABEB7307912FC5C5881B2EC9C25" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3. Kanchanaburi A - Tham Than Lod Cave.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4EA8087BC91E24388C81C7D6152536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4. Kanchanaburi B - Daowadueng Cave, Ban Thung Kang Yang, Wat Sunantha Wanaram, Kroeng Krawia Waterfall and Kroeng Krawia Checkpoint.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E3EF893ED54C2636AD3C11D7B7E8E98" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- Size: Specimens from the Lamphun and Uthai Thani populations are larger than others (length 28-34 mm in male, 32-38 mm in female), whereas specimens from the Kanchanaburi B population seems to be smaller than others (length 22-26 mm in male, 26-28 mm).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF6FBA2746BC10E90DBD1D79C91C753F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- Sternal lobe between male coxae 4: The only studied specimen from the Lamphun population has a subsemicircular and quite short lobe, while in others the lobe is trapeziform.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C7BEE2051FC40EE2FA43CFA5B1995E95" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- Apical tubercles of epiproct: Distinctly longer in the Kanchanaburi B population than in others.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE27856E577AD8342A7B3B89325D7003" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- Process (plm) of lamina lateralis: A bifurcate tip, as two conspicuous spines, in the Lamphun and Uthai Thani populations, but terminating in several spines in the Kanchanaburi A and B populations.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="482E59F4C6140C27D5F515C0617652F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The shape of the hypoproct varies within populations: in some specimens it is trapeziform, in others it is subsemicircular.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C16C268D572BF30C98BC4E6B0C6A6E6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="5E3FDE646D5AA5F195F09A46E8E9DF07" lsidName="D. purpurosea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="purpurosea">D. purpurosea</taxonomicName>
shares some morphological characters with 
<taxonomicName id="9DB3A991B8FAB9FAB73AD820B29E26C4" lsidName="D. breviverpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="breviverpa">D. breviverpa</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="539B52A860A816960FFEEE9E3931C590" lsidName="D. takensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="takensis">D. takensis</taxonomicName>
, viz., metaterga 9-19 with rows of 2+2 (anterior) and 3+3 (posterior) setiferous tubercles/cones/spines. However, the differences in gonopod characters are sufficient for separating these as different species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0BC313D253952FC10EFF3D8A373A4DD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coexisting species">
<paragraph id="C362B516339F6D485B5732370A38E538" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coexisting species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DCAB09642574E57FE998334B4FB7AA12" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="930413A78A25AC6A91AD08153B1D92C5" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes octoconigera" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octoconigera">Desmoxytes octoconigera</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and 
<taxonomicName id="EE170B58850D8E0F4CAFDA9C3D3E2416" lsidName="D. golovatchi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="golovatchi">D. golovatchi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (see details under these species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>