treatments-xml/data/03/8A/87/038A87DAA76BFF890477FBA2FC5408E7.xml

<document id="E6B06DF892A20BEC384436918B5B56EE" ID-CLB-Dataset="20416" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1671" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dc185c1a-2bc2-48f1-bbdd-e0ae42f852f1" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6323040" ID-ZooBank="F136E044-62C8-4FB3-8160-7DAE663D9600" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1646225490206" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Houben, Albrecht M., Monnens, Marlies, Proesmans, Willem &amp; Artois, Tom J." docDate="2022" docId="038A87DAA76BFF890477FBA2FC5408E7" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-798_70-102.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 798" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1671" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hoplopera opaca Reisinger 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="FFB3FFA2A779FF9A0626FF8AFFA50F38" masterDocTitle="Limnoterrestrial ‘ Typhloplanidae’ (Rhabdocoela, Platyhelminthes), with the description of four new species and a new genus" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="70" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1699316596528" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="C35AABEF3EFDA6CABFF6171DDACA0F93" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3E7F4ABDCE0572E9D5F575C116BEBA17">
<mods:title id="E5BC27DA17F0995C0E4AF472B58865A2">Limnoterrestrial ‘ Typhloplanidae’ (Rhabdocoela, Platyhelminthes), with the description of four new species and a new genus</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C393FDF912A8DE9DDE5FC82F2B9C55BC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DC8D262FAF97BA1A3ED26D22CAB7A9D5">
<mods:roleTerm id="B1D7587FD72A4D04A40325724913F563">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A66751AD3BDB02E2B8706C3D35B08FAC">Houben, Albrecht M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="01D1656B66DBC987C6537B718AD07984" type="LSID">47A2BBE9-0820-4E83-B8BD-B41A66C214ED</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B2700D3FD0A6195948196083C426768A">Biodiversity &amp; Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DE8775BB10177A11A99AE1405A635EA3" type="email">albrecht.houben@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CA6CE4E12AC9CB5EDE269F264A17BBD1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="980295C9D9E25C1811DE7D1158147F9C">
<mods:roleTerm id="E9F34EE82690C5EA66F1482519C7FAA5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="837D899219C8969B61950A3B643A4827">Monnens, Marlies</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="93CF7A8D5B290B685FEE3941A8B50E6D" type="LSID">782F71E0-EF84-48DA-BE72-8E205CB78EAC</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7A2EACD3830086103D432C52F21CCC8F">Biodiversity &amp; Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="767A28D993CCEE820A12DC7AAAA1ECFE" type="email">marlies.monnens@uhasselt.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E7BB53FA87D7E7519501FC590D507B9C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="70C8CCDC1FA4965F5AAFDF2F2B8EAD83">
<mods:roleTerm id="994E8AEA265DC66B54E37CFFBAA25FAE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="47A6703E317D51570BA91EC371C85117">Proesmans, Willem</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BE524E94795416733D42E2F69D7D2416" type="LSID">41B81434-06EE-4BD0-8DCE-4DE73F2A6B30</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9E0E1922C8363B186C1457DEB0F0220B">Agroécologie, INRAE, 17 Rue Sully, F- 21065 Dijon, France.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CBCE9E67A6621747A3EADE5E0AD75396" type="email">willem.proesmans@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0012AE5BD8FAFB45D2376543D70CBEED" type="personal">
<mods:role id="336A02890291EE3F1F315244F2A8851D">
<mods:roleTerm id="121496F9B438A182CFEF1B38FC9A2638">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1F1163F7860316D85BE9273148D86BB9">Artois, Tom J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="35189225DE66E3FB8A780C7F40AA57BD" type="LSID">2EDDE35C-A2F0-4CA2-84AA-2A7893C40AC4</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A23F5362E7FA90539F4025D0D6BFFEB5">Biodiversity &amp; Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="31498459D57C4556D69CC5E819F660C2" type="email">tom.artois@uhasselt.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="11EF1BF4FC15ED46B57B06AB9E1D2EEE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B79136E07C41E725FA414D746603E7CF" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="74283EE029E2AA1E4E9C23F436A1DE64">
<mods:title id="CB6146B624550DBD3461F20DBF458D34">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="383B34C3179F6F9F09E67A6CCEEC0EF3">
<mods:date id="6599BFB46FFA9A936C62B8D3E347B542">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A89591DEE1572649B14DE654BA197D46" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E191211484AF01FCA9D3F4F831D69133">2022-03-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C743EA25752CFFC065BFC97CB2CC1CFE" type="volume">
<mods:number id="054EC848477F8169358BD7398E2F7BD2">798</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="86121220EDF5DB1EBD5D875A3CC62B0C" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B5D2FF259C209B1B853301E32B34FEC7">70</mods:start>
<mods:end id="8B54999C051CA93C148B8443CDF7CB41">102</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="A8962A60DFD11C41522A6E6D0BA615A6">
<mods:url id="F44A9D36F4B8B5F292F294ABA818660D">http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1671</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="A325D56318FA32937CD631AC3F5C83A8">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C6374BBB62F8FB47A55E09838BCA3B79" type="CLB-Dataset">20416</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="19DD98729495565C9D52EB942685511A" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1671</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FF09BC522FCAE395ED7AC6A5AE37E04E" type="GBIF-Dataset">dc185c1a-2bc2-48f1-bbdd-e0ae42f852f1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3ED41628EA5A0DF76284EF9143EBC585" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="76B8F2883DC41FA4E88110559A389A76" type="Zenodo-Dep">6323040</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D1DC8D43A0A9CFC720977271673B7384" type="ZooBank">F136E044-62C8-4FB3-8160-7DAE663D9600</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038A87DAA76BFF890477FBA2FC5408E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7450111" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193858135" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7450111" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87DAA76BFF890477FBA2FC5408E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A87DAA76BFF890477FBA2FC5408E7" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
<subSubSection id="C3396547A76BFF880477FBA2FC460B7B" box="[593,995,1064,1091]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76BFF880477FBA2FC460B7B" blockId="18.[593,995,1064,1127]" box="[593,995,1064,1091]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
<heading id="D0D481A0A76BFF880477FBA2FC460B7B" box="[593,995,1064,1091]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76BFF880477FBA2FC460B7B" ID-CoL="3MLXQ" authority="Reisinger, 1924" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[593,995,1064,1091]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="opaca">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76BFF880477FBA2FC870B7B" bold="true" box="[593,802,1064,1091]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Hoplopera opaca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76BFF88050CFBA3FC460B7B" author="Reisinger E." box="[810,995,1065,1091]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" pagination="128 - 143" refId="ref15836" refString="Reisinger E. 1924. Die terricolen Rhabdocoelen Steiermarks. Zoologischer Anzeiger 59: 33 - 48, 72 - 86, 128 - 143." type="journal article" year="1924">Reisinger, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396547A76BFF8804FBFBC6FCF30B5F" box="[733,854,1100,1127]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76BFF8804FBFBC6FCF30B5F" blockId="18.[593,995,1064,1127]" box="[733,854,1100,1127]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF8804FBFBC6FCF30B5F" box="[733,854,1100,1127]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7D–F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396547A76BFF88069BFB07FECF0A25" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76BFF88069BFB07FE080B9F" blockId="18.[189,429,1165,1191]" box="[189,429,1165,1191]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
<heading id="D0D481A0A76BFF88069BFB07FE080B9F" bold="true" box="[189,429,1165,1191]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76BFF88069BFB07FE080B9F" bold="true" box="[189,429,1165,1191]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76BFF88069BFB36FECF0A25" blockId="18.[189,1399,1210,1309]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3C91A76BFF88069BFB36FEC00A25" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3695141307" collectedFrom="leafy humus of a birch forest" collectingDate="2011-08-26" collectionCode="HU" collectorName="A. M. Houben &amp; W. Proesmans" country="Austria" latitude="47.164722" location="AUSTRIA" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="15.413889" municipality="Graz" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F334765CA76BFF88069BFB36FE9F0BEE" box="[189,314,1212,1238]" name="Austria" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">AUSTRIA</collectingCountry>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD45A76BFF88077DFB36FE170BEF" box="[347,434,1212,1239]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
, studied alive and sagittally sectioned; 
<locationDeviation id="9A2E2FEEA76BFF8805B5FB36FB6F0BEE" box="[915,1226,1212,1239]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Hohe Rannach near Graz</locationDeviation>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE17500BA76BFF8802FFFB36FAD70BEF" box="[1241,1394,1210,1239]" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" precision="15" seconds="53" value="47.164722">47°09′53″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE17500BA76BFF88069BFB55FEF00BC2" box="[189,341,1246,1274]" degrees="15" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" precision="15" seconds="50" value="15.413889">15°24′50″ E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<date id="FF9D100CA76BFF880740FB55FDB70BC1" box="[358,530,1247,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" value="2011-08-26">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E9E4A76BFF880740FB55FDB70BC1" box="[358,530,1247,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" value="2011-08-26">26 Aug. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26D6531AA76BFF880407FB55FD6D0BC1" box="[545,712,1247,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">A.M. Houben</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName id="26D6531AA76BFF88052DFB6AFC120BC2" box="[779,951,1248,1274]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">W. Proesmans</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectedFrom id="383F7531A76BFF880225FB55FAD60BC1" box="[1027,1395,1247,1274]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">leafy humus of a birch forest</collectedFrom>
; XIV.2.42; 
<collectionCode id="ED32AE09A76BFF880711FA89FEC00A25" box="[311,357,1283,1309]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">HU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396547A76BFF89069BFACEFECC0E51" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76BFF88069BFACEFEEA0A66" blockId="18.[189,335,1348,1374]" box="[189,335,1348,1374]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
<heading id="D0D481A0A76BFF88069BFACEFEEA0A66" bold="true" box="[189,335,1348,1374]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76BFF88069BFACEFEEA0A66" bold="true" box="[189,335,1348,1374]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76BFF88069BFAF9FD550921" blockId="18.[189,1401,1394,1562]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
Our specimen is about 
<quantity id="4CDB9B29A76BFF8807F5FAF9FDBC0AB5" box="[467,537,1395,1421]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long and very dark. The anterior end is rounded, with the posterior end showing a distinct tail with pronounced eosinophilic tail glands (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF8805E0FA1CFB830A88" box="[966,1062,1430,1456]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
: tg). Small dermal rhabdites occur all over the body. Adenal rhabdites are rather inconspicuous and only visible on the sectioned specimen. Paired protonephridiopores (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF8804B5FA56FD510ACF" box="[659,756,1500,1527]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
: pp) open posterior to the mouth. A rosulate pharynx (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF8806E0FA75FE810922" box="[198,292,1535,1562]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
: ph) is positioned at ±75% of the body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76BFF88069BF9CBFBB00946" blockId="18.[189,1399,1601,1662]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
The gonopore (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF88074BF9CBFE430963" box="[365,486,1601,1627]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7E–F</figureCitation>
: gp) is situated at ±80% of the body and connected to a genital atrium (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF880329F9CBFF740946" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7D– F</figureCitation>
: ga), which is surrounded by muscles and lined with a high epithelium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76BFF88069BF92FFE6F088E" blockId="18.[187,1400,1701,1974]" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">
The vasa deferentia (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF880789F92FFDA209F8" box="[431,519,1701,1728]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
: vde) enter the copulatory organ (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF8805ADF92FFBAD09F8" box="[907,1032,1701,1728]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7D–F</figureCitation>
: co) separately. This copulatory organ is a 20 µm long, oval structure surrounded by muscles of uncertain orientation. It contains sperm in its proximal part, which probably serves as a seminal vesicle. An ejaculatory duct was not observed. Intracapsular prostate glands (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF88043FF885FDD70811" box="[537,626,1807,1833]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
: gg) were observed on live specimens. The male duct is surrounded by circular muscles. The bipartite bursa (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF880485F8B8FC870875" box="[675,802,1842,1869]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7D–F</figureCitation>
: bu) bears a thin-walled, proximal part containing sperm and a long distal part, the bursal stalk (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF8804EEF8DFFCE40848" box="[712,833,1877,1904]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7E–F</figureCitation>
: bs). This stalk is surrounded by circular muscles and contains a sclerotised structure (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76BFF88044CF8F2FD6308AB" box="[618,710,1912,1939]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
: ss). It seems to consist of several vertical bars, which are fused in the distal part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFE83FECC0E51" blockId="19.[189,1399,265,361]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
The vitellaria were still developing in the studied specimen, but already reach up to ±33% of the body. The female duct (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76AFF8907B2FEA6FE540E7F" box="[404,497,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
: fd) connects the oviduct (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76AFF890513FEA6FC370E7F" box="[821,914,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
: od) and vitelloduct (
<figureCitation id="13182A49A76AFF8902B0FEA6FB570E7F" box="[1174,1266,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[318,1331,280,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[251,1336,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Two species of Hoplopera Reisinger, 1924. A–C. Hoplopera isis Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois sp. nov. A. Internal organisation of a live specimen. B. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. C. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on horizontal sections. D–F. Hoplopera opaca Reisinger, 1924. D. Internal organisation of a live specimen. E. Organisation of the genital system of a live specimen. F. Reconstruction of reproductive organs based on sagittal sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6323058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6323058/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
: vd) to the genital atrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396547A76AFF89069BFE1AFCB90EE2" box="[189,796,400,474]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFE1AFEE70E92" blockId="19.[189,322,400,426]" box="[189,322,400,426]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
<heading id="D0D481A0A76AFF89069BFE1AFEE70E92" bold="true" box="[189,322,400,426]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89069BFE1AFEE70E92" bold="true" box="[189,322,400,426]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Discussion</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFE35FCB90EE2" blockId="19.[189,796,447,474]" box="[189,796,447,474]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
See the general discussion on the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8904B3FE35FCB00EE1" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[661,789,447,473]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8904B3FE35FCB00EE1" box="[661,789,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396547A76AFF89069BFD8AFCC10D71" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFD8AFD990D22" blockId="19.[189,572,512,539]" box="[189,572,512,539]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
<heading id="D0D481A0A76AFF89069BFD8AFD990D22" bold="true" box="[189,572,512,539]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89069BFD8AFD990D22" bold="true" box="[189,572,512,539]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Previously known distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFDBAFCC10D71" blockId="19.[189,868,559,586]" box="[189,868,559,586]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
Near Graz, 
<collectingCountry id="F334765CA76AFF890765FDA5FE390D71" box="[323,412,559,585]" name="Austria" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Austria</collectingCountry>
, in moist forest soils (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF8904B8FDA5FCF20D71" author="Reisinger E." box="[670,855,559,585]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="128 - 143" refId="ref15836" refString="Reisinger E. 1924. Die terricolen Rhabdocoelen Steiermarks. Zoologischer Anzeiger 59: 33 - 48, 72 - 86, 128 - 143." type="journal article" year="1924">Reisinger 1924</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396547A76AFF89069BFDFAFC5408E7" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFDFAFDF90DB3" blockId="19.[189,604,624,651]" box="[189,604,624,651]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89069BFDFAFDF90DB3" bold="true" box="[189,604,624,651]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
General discussion on 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8907FCFDFAFDF90DB3" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[474,604,624,651]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8907FCFDFAFDF90DB3" bold="true" box="[474,604,624,651]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFD15FD960C52" blockId="19.[189,1399,671,874]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
All species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF890743FD15FE400D81" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[357,485,671,697]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890743FD15FE400D81" box="[357,485,671,697]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are characterised by a combination of features: pharynx situated in the caudal body half, presence of dermal rhabdites and adenal rhabdites, the latter organised in rostral tracks (i.e., Stäbchenstassen), presence of tail glands, lack of a stylet, and the presence of a bursa copulatrix (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF890699FC83FE5F0C1B" author="Van Steenkiste N. &amp; Davison P. &amp; Artois T." box="[191,506,777,803]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="285 - 291" refId="ref16235" refString="Van Steenkiste N., Davison P. &amp; Artois T. 2010. Bryoplana xerophila n. g. n. sp., a new limnoterrestrial microturbellarian (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanidae, Protoplanellinae) from epilithic mosses, with notes on its ecology. Zoological Science 27 (3): 285 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 27.285" type="journal article" year="2010">
Van Steenkiste 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890750FC80FE140C1B" box="[374,433,777,803]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
). This combination of features is also shown by 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89021BFC83FAD20C1B" box="[1085,1399,777,803]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Rhomboplanilla bryophila</emphasis>
Schwank, 1980. However, species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF890450FCA6FD530C7E" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[630,758,812,838]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890450FCA6FD530C7E" box="[630,758,812,838]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
all have a sclerotised structure in the bursa copulatrix, which is absent in 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8907B1FCDAFD8E0C51" box="[407,555,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">R. bryophila</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFC1BFD600B46" blockId="19.[188,1399,913,1150]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
Species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF890761FC1BFE620C93" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[327,455,913,939]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890761FC1BFE620C93" box="[327,455,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
either occur in limnoterrestrial environments (
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF89022EFC1BFEA30CF6" authority="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityName="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2022" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="isis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89022EFC1BFBFC0C92" box="[1032,1113,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. isis</emphasis>
Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A5A76AFF890737FC3EFED70CF6" box="[273,370,948,974]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8907A7FC3FFDF00CF6" box="[385,597,948,974]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. macropharynx</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF890479FC3EFCBB0CF6" author="Reisinger E." box="[607,798,948,974]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="128 - 143" refId="ref15836" refString="Reisinger E. 1924. Die terricolen Rhabdocoelen Steiermarks. Zoologischer Anzeiger 59: 33 - 48, 72 - 86, 128 - 143." type="journal article" year="1924">Reisinger, 1924</bibRefCitation>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890508FC3FFC610CF6" box="[814,964,948,974]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. maculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF8905E9FC3EFB2B0CF6" author="Reisinger E." box="[975,1166,948,974]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="128 - 143" refId="ref15836" refString="Reisinger E. 1924. Die terricolen Rhabdocoelen Steiermarks. Zoologischer Anzeiger 59: 33 - 48, 72 - 86, 128 - 143." type="journal article" year="1924">Reisinger, 1924</bibRefCitation>
; and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8902F4FC3FFAE70CF6" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[1234,1346,949,974]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="opaca">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8902F4FC3FFAE70CF6" box="[1234,1346,949,974]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. opaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), or in marine to brackish habitats (
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890417FC52FD180CC9" box="[561,701,983,1009]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. littoralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF8904E1FC5DFCC90CCA" author="Karling T. G." box="[711,876,983,1010]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="25 - 33" refId="ref15478" refString="Karling T. G. 1957. Drei neue Turbellaria Neorhabdocoela aus dem Grundwasser der schwedischen Ostseekuste. Kungliga fysiografiska sallskapets i Lund forhandlingar 27: 25 - 33." type="journal article" year="1957">Karling, 1957</bibRefCitation>
and 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89058CFC52FB840CC9" box="[938,1057,983,1009]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. pusilla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF89020EFC5DFB670CC9" author="Ehlers U." box="[1064,1218,983,1009]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="427 - 526" refId="ref15330" refString="Ehlers U. 1974. Interstitielle Typhloplanoida (Turbellaria) aus dem Litoral der Nordseeinsel Sylt. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens 49: 427 - 526." type="journal article" year="1974">Ehlers, 1974</bibRefCitation>
). However, the marine origin of 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890759FC71FDAD0B2C" box="[383,520,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. littoralis</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890466FC71FD110B2C" box="[576,692,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. pusilla</emphasis>
has been questioned. Based on its sampling locality, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF89033AFC70FF520B00" author="Karling T. G." pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="25 - 33" refId="ref15478" refString="Karling T. G. 1957. Drei neue Turbellaria Neorhabdocoela aus dem Grundwasser der schwedischen Ostseekuste. Kungliga fysiografiska sallskapets i Lund forhandlingar 27: 25 - 33." type="journal article" year="1957">Karling 1957</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF89070BFB94FE370B00" author="Ax P." box="[301,402,1054,1080]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" refId="ref15306" refString="Ax P. 2008. Plathelminthes aus Brackgewassern der Nordhalbkugel. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart." type="book" year="2008">Ax 2008</bibRefCitation>
suggested that 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890463FB94FD750B0F" box="[581,720,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. littoralis</emphasis>
might as well be a limnoterrestrial species. 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8902EBFB94FAE70B0F" box="[1229,1346,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. pusilla</emphasis>
was found in the supratidal of salty meadows with salinity below 10‰ and was therefore deemed brackish instead of limnoterrestrial (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF8907DAFBEEFD1D0B46" author="Armonies W." box="[508,696,1124,1150]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="81 - 156" refId="ref15229" refString="Armonies W. 1987. Freilebende Plathelminthen in supralitoralen Salzwiesen der Nordsee: Okologie einer borealen Brackwasser-Lebensgemeinschaft. Microfauna Marina 3: 81 - 156." type="journal article" year="1987">Armonies 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFB2FFB050AAA" blockId="19.[188,1399,1189,1427]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
All limnoterrestrial species possess a bipartite bursa, with the distal part (probably the bursal stalk) containing a sclerotised structure, while the bursa of the ‘marine’ animals consists of only one part. Furthermore, the vasa deferentia of the limnoterrestrial species enter the copulatory organ separately (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF8906E3FA85FEDE0A11" author="Reisinger E." box="[197,379,1295,1321]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="128 - 143" refId="ref15836" refString="Reisinger E. 1924. Die terricolen Rhabdocoelen Steiermarks. Zoologischer Anzeiger 59: 33 - 48, 72 - 86, 128 - 143." type="journal article" year="1924">Reisinger 1924</bibRefCitation>
), while they fuse just before entering the copulatory organ in 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890267FA9AFB6F0A11" box="[1089,1226,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. littoralis</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890327FA9AFAD30A11" box="[1281,1398,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. pusilla</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF8906E2FAB8FEC10A75" author="Karling T. G." box="[196,356,1330,1357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="25 - 33" refId="ref15478" refString="Karling T. G. 1957. Drei neue Turbellaria Neorhabdocoela aus dem Grundwasser der schwedischen Ostseekuste. Kungliga fysiografiska sallskapets i Lund forhandlingar 27: 25 - 33." type="journal article" year="1957">Karling 1957</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF890749FAB8FE5A0A74" author="Ehlers U." box="[367,511,1330,1356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="427 - 526" refId="ref15330" refString="Ehlers U. 1974. Interstitielle Typhloplanoida (Turbellaria) aus dem Litoral der Nordseeinsel Sylt. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens 49: 427 - 526." type="journal article" year="1974">Ehlers 1974</bibRefCitation>
). Both the ecological and morphological differences suggest that 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8902D3FAB8FAD00A74" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[1269,1397,1330,1356]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8902D3FAB8FAD00A74" box="[1269,1397,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may as well be split into two genera. Awaiting a thorough cladistic analysis, however, we prefer to maintain the taxon 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8907B9FAF2FDBA0AAA" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[415,543,1400,1426]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8907B9FAF2FDBA0AAA" box="[415,543,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
containing both limnoterrestrial and ‘marine’ animals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BFA30FDA909F3" blockId="19.[189,1399,1466,1739]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
The limnoterrestrial species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF890414FA30FD170AEC" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[562,690,1466,1492]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890414FA30FD170AEC" box="[562,690,1466,1492]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most easily distinguished from each other by the shape of the sclerotised structure in the bursa. The fish pot-shaped sclerotic structure as seen in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8902D0FA57FDE10922" authority="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityName="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2022" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="isis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8902D0FA57FF400922" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera isis</emphasis>
Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A5A76AFF89046AF98BFD020923" box="[588,679,1537,1563]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is unique within the genus. In the other three limnoterrestrial species, this structure consists of 6–8 bars proximally connected to a ring (
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89020CF9AEFB5F0905" box="[1066,1274,1571,1597]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. macropharynx</emphasis>
), 4 (rarely 5) elongated, spoon-shaped structures accompanied with two longitudinal plates (
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89025FF9C2FAAE0959" box="[1145,1291,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. maculata</emphasis>
) or 6–10 longitudinal bars with broadened distal ends and small protrusions towards the genital atrium (
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF890327F9E1FAC909BC" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[1281,1388,1643,1668]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="opaca">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890327F9E1FAC909BC" box="[1281,1388,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. opaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF8906E3F907FEDA099F" author="Reisinger E." box="[197,383,1677,1703]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="128 - 143" refId="ref15836" refString="Reisinger E. 1924. Die terricolen Rhabdocoelen Steiermarks. Zoologischer Anzeiger 59: 33 - 48, 72 - 86, 128 - 143." type="journal article" year="1924">Reisinger 1924</bibRefCitation>
). None of these species possesses the three horizontal bars present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF890298F904FE0F09F2" authority="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityName="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2022" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="isis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890298F904FAAE099F" box="[1214,1291,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. isis</emphasis>
Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A5A76AFF890794F93BFDA909F3" box="[434,524,1713,1739]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36CCA76AFF89069BF978FC5408E7" blockId="19.[189,1399,1778,2016]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">
Apart from the above-mentioned differences, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8904FCF979FB2D0834" authority="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityName="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2022" box="[730,1160,1778,1804]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="isis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8904FCF979FC820834" box="[730,807,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. isis</emphasis>
Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A5A76AFF8902B6F978FB4E0834" box="[1168,1259,1778,1804]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can also be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF890787F89CFDAB0817" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[417,526,1814,1839]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="opaca">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890787F89CFDAB0817" box="[417,526,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. opaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890461F89CFCBD0817" box="[583,792,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. macropharynx</emphasis>
by the presence of a seminal receptacle, a feature it shares with 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF89076CF8B3FE79086A" box="[330,476,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. maculata</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8907CDF8B3FDFD086A" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[491,600,1849,1874]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="opaca">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8907CDF8B3FDFD086A" box="[491,600,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. opaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has pronounced tail glands, while the tail glands of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF890299F8B3FE0E084D" authority="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityName="Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2022" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="isis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890299F8B3FAAE086A" box="[1215,1291,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. isis</emphasis>
Houben, Proesmans &amp; Artois
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A5A76AFF890792F8D6FDB5084E" box="[436,528,1884,1910]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are small and inconspicuous. 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF890551F8D6FBED084D" box="[887,1096,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. macropharynx</emphasis>
has a conspicuous, large, and oval pharynx, which is unique among the species discussed. 
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8905C1F8F5FBDB08A1" box="[999,1150,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">H. maculata</emphasis>
is the largest of all limnoterrestrial species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D4FA76AFF8907D8F828FDDB0884" authorityName="Reisinger" authorityYear="1924" box="[510,638,1954,1980]" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Hoplopera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EADEA76AFF8907D8F828FDDB0884" box="[510,638,1954,1980]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="89">Hoplopera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CDB9B29A76AFF8904A8F828FD4E0884" box="[654,747,1954,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
vs. at most 
<quantity id="4CDB9B29A76AFF8905A7F828FC620884" box="[897,967,1954,1980]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
for the other three species) and has typical parenchymal refracting spots (for details, see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B3DA76AFF890508F84FFC4108E7" author="Reisinger E." box="[814,996,1989,2015]" pageId="19" pageNumber="89" pagination="128 - 143" refId="ref15836" refString="Reisinger E. 1924. Die terricolen Rhabdocoelen Steiermarks. Zoologischer Anzeiger 59: 33 - 48, 72 - 86, 128 - 143." type="journal article" year="1924">Reisinger 1924</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>