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<document id="72575687AA46C1B8F41901475BCD5E97" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.184149" ID-GBIF-Dataset="086e0d63-8af0-4ad1-8884-03fa56b5ea98" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="184149" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459946287647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Galea, Horia R." docDate="2008" docId="038A8789FFEEC14BFF1E72D524DD7BF5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01878p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1878" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Rhizogeton sterreri" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFB3FFF1FFE9C143FF89735727157A3F" masterDocTitle="On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698230720421" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="704EE4C95FEA805D66894710615C07A4">On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3CF5E4346E55A3B77E7BAF883FB03EC2">Galea, Horia R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0727B631BE94AEFF36E1AEFF9EB91ECD">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038A8789FFEEC14BFF1E72D524DD7BF5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4669090" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119376254" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4669090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A8789FFEEC14BFF1E72D524DD7BF5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A8789FFEEC14BFF1E72D524DD7BF5" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFEEC144FF1E72D5260B7BFB" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF1E72D525537BA3" blockId="7.[151,582,386,452]" box="[151,582,386,412]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="D0D481F3FFEEC144FF1E72D525537BA3" bold="true" box="[151,582,386,412]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FF1E72D525537BA3" ID-CoL="4SCN4" authority="(Calder, 1988b)" baseAuthorityName="Calder" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[151,582,386,412]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sterreri">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF1E72D525537BA3" bold="true" box="[151,582,386,412]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF1E72D5266A7BA3" bold="true" box="[151,383,386,412]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizogeton sterreri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FE0772D5252B7BA3" author="Calder" box="[398,574,386,412]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder, 1988b</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF1E72FD260B7BFB" blockId="7.[151,582,386,452]" box="[151,286,426,452]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">(fig. 2EH)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFEEC144FF1E72AD25D5782E" box="[151,704,506,529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF1E72AD25D5782E" blockId="7.[151,704,506,529]" box="[151,704,506,529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3311B1FFEEC144FF1E72AD25D5782E" box="[151,704,506,529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FF1E72AD2542782E" ID-CoL="78V5H" authority="Calder, 1988b: 10" authorityName="Calder" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,599,506,529]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizodendrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sterreri">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF1E72AD269A782E" box="[151,399,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizodendrium sterreri</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A82108EFFEEC144FE1F72AD2542782E" author="Calder" box="[406,599,506,529]" page="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FE1F72AD2525782E" author="Calder" box="[406,560,506,529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder, 1988b</bibRefCitation>
: 10
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs 78.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFEEC144FF1E7115248E791B" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF1E7115221D78C3" blockId="7.[151,1437,578,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF1E711526907863" bold="true" box="[151,389,578,604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FE1D711526CC7863" bold="true" box="[404,473,578,604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Stn. 3</emphasis>
:
<date id="FF9D105FFFEEC144FE627115257A7863" box="[491,623,578,604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-01-04">01.04.2008</date>
—numerous colonies without gonophores, on various algae and concretions.
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FE8D713D265978BB" bold="true" box="[260,332,618,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Stn. 4</emphasis>
:
<date id="FF9D105FFFEEC144FED6713D26F678BB" box="[351,483,618,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-03-22">22.03.2008</date>
—one sterile, badly preserved colony, on coral.
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FBAC713D237978BB" bold="true" box="[1061,1132,618,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Stn. 5</emphasis>
:
<date id="FF9D105FFFEEC144FB09713D221178BB" box="[1152,1284,618,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-03-31">31.03.2008</date>
—one small, sterile colony, on hydrocoral.
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FE7471C525517893" bold="true" box="[509,580,658,684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Stn. 7</emphasis>
:
<date id="FF9D105FFFEEC144FDDE71C525CE7893" box="[599,731,658,684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-03-25">25.03.2008</date>
—numerous sterile colonies, on various algae, concretions, and sponge;
<date id="FF9D105FFFEEC144FEB871ED26A078EB" box="[305,437,698,724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-03-27">27.03.2008</date>
—numerous colonies, some with male gonophores, on various algae, sponges, and hydrocoral (
<collectionCode id="ED32AE5AFFEEC144FEAC71B5269478C3" box="[293,385,738,764]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">MHNG</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED32AE5AFFEEC144FE0171B526DB78C3" box="[392,462,738,764]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">INVE</collectionCode>
60976);
<date id="FF9D105FFFEEC144FDBE71B525AE78C3" box="[567,699,738,764]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-03-29">29.03.2008</date>
—a few sterile colonies, on hydrocoral and algae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF4C705D248E791B" blockId="7.[151,1437,578,2004]" box="[197,923,778,804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF4C705D2671791B" bold="true" box="[197,356,778,804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<typeStatus id="5498883DFFEEC144FF4C705D2617791B" box="[197,258,778,804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
. Whalebone Bay, St. Georges
<collectingCountry id="F334760FFFEEC144FD5B705D2409791B" box="[722,796,778,804]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Island</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F334760FFFEEC144FCA1705D2482791B" box="[808,919,778,804]" name="Bermuda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFEEC144FF4C706525857F43" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF4C706525857F43" blockId="7.[151,1437,578,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF4C706526407973" bold="true" box="[197,341,818,844]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description</emphasis>
. Colony stolonal, with creeping, tortuous hydrohriza from which arise individual hydranths and gonophores. Perisarc thin, variably covering bases of hydranths, extending up
<quantity id="4CDB9B7AFFEEC144FBE3700D23BA794B" box="[1130,1199,858,884]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
or more over body; perisarc generally infested with various microscopic algae, mainly diatoms. Hydranths much elongated, up to
<quantity id="4CDB9B7AFFEEC144FF1E70FD27C879FB" box="[151,221,938,964]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
high in extension, nearly cylindrical, tapering imperceptibly but gradually towards hypostome; width
<quantity id="4CDB9B7AFFEEC144FF1E7085263279D3" box="[151,295,978,1004]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.30.4 mm</quantity>
. Hypostome long, cylindrical, with rounded apex in relaxed hydranths, short and dome-shaped in contracted specimens. Hydranths with up to 28 tentacles; one whorl of 46 oral tentacles held vertically, plus 56 additional, more or less distinct lower whorls, each with variably 25 tentacles attached obliquely to horizontally; whorls scattered over 2/3 of hydranth body; all tentacles filiform, length decreasing from distal towards proximal part of hydranth body; distal tentacles also more robust than proximal ones.
<collectingCountry id="F334760FFFEEC144FA98772522587EB3" box="[1297,1357,1138,1164]" name="Malta" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Male</collectingCountry>
gonophores, sporosacs without radial canals, borne on hydrorhiza by means of short pedicels; covered by thin layer of slightly corrugated periderm; pear-shaped to ovate, tapering more abruptly at base and gradually from middle part towards apex. Female gonophores not seen. Nematocysts (undischarged capsules): microbasic euryteles (6.77.6) × (2.62.8) µm (in tentacles and gonophores); desmonemes (4.65.2) × (2.83.0) µm (in tentacles). Color: portion below hypostome and gonophore content reddish; gastrodermis of tentacle bases bright white; remaining of body translucid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFEEC14BFF4C76DD27CD7B9D" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF4C76DD25047C53" blockId="7.[151,1437,578,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF4C76DD26227F9B" bold="true" box="[197,311,1418,1444]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FECF76DD26E27F9B" author="Calder" box="[326,503,1418,1444]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder (1988b)</bibRefCitation>
introduced the new genus
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FCA676DC24F77F9B" box="[815,994,1419,1444]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizodendrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FCA676DC24F77F9B" box="[815,994,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizodendrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in order to accommodate several species of
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FF6576E4252B7FF3" authority="L. Agassiz, 1862" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1862" box="[236,574,1458,1484]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF6576E426657FF3" box="[236,368,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizogeton</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FEFE76E5252B7FF3" author="Agassiz" box="[375,574,1458,1484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. Second monograph, vol. 4. Little, Brown &amp; Co., Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">L. Agassiz, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with short, dome-shaped hypostome, more than 20 tentacles (arranged in both a distinct, oral whorl and several additional lower, more or less distinct whorls), and spherical gonophores. These species were:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FE67755424757C23" authority="Broch, 1909" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1909" box="[494,864,1538,1564]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nudus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FE67755425D47C23" box="[494,705,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizogeton nudus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FD42755524757C23" author="Broch" box="[715,864,1538,1564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Broch, H. (1909) Die Hydroiden der Arktischen Meere. Fauna Arctica, 5, 129 - 247." type="journal article" year="1909">Broch, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FCE6755422187C23" authority="Yamada, 1964" authorityName="Yamada" authorityYear="1964" box="[879,1293,1538,1564]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ezoense">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FCE6755423427C23" box="[879,1111,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizogeton ezoense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FBE8755522187C23" author="Yamada" box="[1121,1293,1538,1564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" refString="Yamada, M. (1964) Rhizogeton ezoense n. sp., a new hydroid from Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, (6) 25, 395 - 397." type="journal article" year="1964">Yamada, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FAC67554251F7C7B" authority="Calder, 1988" authorityName="Calder" authorityYear="1988" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizodendrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sterreri">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FAC6755426727C7B" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizodendrium sterreri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FEF9757D251F7C7B" author="Calder" box="[368,522,1578,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
b. Following this point of view, only
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FC4E757C22897C7B" authority="L. Agassiz, 1862" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1862" box="[967,1436,1578,1604]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FC4E757C23DC7C7B" box="[967,1225,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizogeton fusiformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FB5B757D22897C7B" author="Agassiz" box="[1234,1436,1578,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. Second monograph, vol. 4. Little, Brown &amp; Co., Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">L. Agassiz, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
could be retained in
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FE0F7504251F7C53" box="[390,522,1619,1644]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FE0F7504251F7C53" box="[390,522,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizogeton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF4C752D26C37CDB" blockId="7.[151,1437,578,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
However, the available
<typeStatus id="5498883DFFEEC144FE54752D25057CAB" box="[477,528,1658,1684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FD29752C240C7CAB" box="[672,793,1659,1684]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizodendrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sterreri">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FD29752C240C7CAB" box="[672,793,1659,1684]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">R. sterreri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was relatively scarce (two colonies on
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FB65752C227E7CAB" box="[1260,1387,1659,1684]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fucales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Heterokontophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FB65752C227E7CAB" box="[1260,1387,1659,1684]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sargassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FF4A75F526767C83" author="Calder" box="[195,355,1698,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder 1988b</bibRefCitation>
) and sterile. Therefore, no thorough comparison with its congeners could be made when the species was first described.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC14BFF4C75A524507AE5" blockId="7.[151,1437,578,2004]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,458]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
The examination of the present material showed that the mature (male) gonophores of
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FB3575A422217D33" box="[1212,1332,1779,1804]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizodendrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sterreri">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FB3575A422217D33" box="[1212,1332,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">R. sterreri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are fusiform rather than spherical, and therefore different from those of its congeners. Some additional inconsistencies are also illustrated by two other species, as follows. The hydranths of
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FBAD741427C77DBB" authority="Schuchert, 1996" authorityName="Schuchert" authorityYear="1996" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conicum">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FBAD741422007D63" box="[1060,1301,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhizogeton conicum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FA96741527C77DBB" author="Schuchert" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Schuchert, P. (1996) The marine fauna of New Zealand: athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 106, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1996">Schuchert, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
have up to 20 tentacles, and its gonophores are spherical. A likely new record of
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEEC144FB36743C224D7DBB" box="[1215,1368,1899,1924]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FB36743C224D7DBB" box="[1215,1368,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">R. fusiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F334760FFFEEC144FF1E74C527CA7D93" box="[151,223,1938,1964]" name="South Korea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FF6474C5267E7D93" author="Park" box="[237,363,1938,1964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Park, J. H. (1997) Four athecate hydroids from Korean waters. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, 13 (2), 83 - 92." type="journal article" year="1997">Park 1997</bibRefCitation>
), proved that the number of tentacles per hydranth could be as much as 1620, not only 10 12 as in the original description given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FDF774ED24407DEB" author="Agassiz" box="[638,853,1978,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. Second monograph, vol. 4. Little, Brown &amp; Co., Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">L. Agassiz (1862)</bibRefCitation>
. This difference is most probably due to a combination of both geographical and ecological factors. Therefore, the tentacle number in these hydroids should not be regarded as having a great taxonomical importance.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFE1C14BFF4C73BF24527B15" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Taken together, these facts suggest the inappropriateness of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFE1C14BFB9A73BF23D37B3E" box="[1043,1222,232,257]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizodendrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFE1C14BFB9A73BF23D37B3E" box="[1043,1222,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Rhizodendrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which should be included in the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFE1C14BFE64724724577B15" authority="L. Agassiz, 1862" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1862" box="[493,834,272,298]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFE1C14BFE64724725647B16" box="[493,625,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Rhizogeton</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFE1C14BFDF0724724577B15" author="Agassiz" box="[633,834,272,298]" pageId="8" pageNumber="48" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. Second monograph, vol. 4. Little, Brown &amp; Co., Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">L. Agassiz, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFE1C14BFF4C726F27CD7B9D" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Although originally found on pelagic
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFE1C14BFD08726F24A87B6D" authority="(Calder 1988b)" baseAuthorityName="Calder" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[641,957,312,338]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fucales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Heterokontophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFE1C14BFD08726F24157B6E" box="[641,768,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sargassum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFE1C14BFC99726F24A17B6D" author="Calder" box="[784,948,312,338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder 1988b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFE1C14BFC41726F23557B6E" box="[968,1088,312,337]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizodendrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sterreri">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFE1C14BFC41726F23557B6E" box="[968,1088,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">R. sterreri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was presently found growing on a variety of substrates: algae, sponges, crevices in both scleractinians and hydrocorals, and mineral concretions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFE1C14BFF4C72F824DD7BF5" box="[197,968,431,458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFE1C14BFF4C72F824DD7BF5" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,458]" box="[197,968,431,458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFE1C14BFF4C72F8264B7BF6" bold="true" box="[197,350,431,457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution</emphasis>
. Previously reported from
<collectingCountry id="F334760FFFE1C14BFD1272E724127BF5" box="[667,775,432,458]" name="Bermuda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFE1C14BFC9F72E724AE7BF5" author="Calder" box="[790,955,432,458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder 1988b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>