256 lines
20 KiB
XML
256 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81138f18-35e1-44b9-8a96-f91f85b1d5d7" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-199-129" ID-Pensoft-UUID="977376522E925FA1AF5D12398730B2AC" ModsDocID="1314-2003-199-129" checkinTime="1654860096451" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fitmawati, Fitmawati, Juliantari, Erwina & Silvia, Mega" docDate="2022" docId="CCB9EDCA218D5115B96E3599AD9C7437" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 199: 129-140" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 199" docPubDate="2022-06-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727" docTitle="Mangifera sumatrana Miq. first published in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1 (2): 630 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="977376522E925FA1AF5D12398730B2AC" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="977376522E925FA1AF5D12398730B2AC" masterDocTitle="Systematic reinstatement of the Sumatra endemic species Mangifera sumatrana Miq. (Anacardiaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1654860848654" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematic reinstatement of the Sumatra endemic species Mangifera sumatrana Miq. (Anacardiaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fitmawati, Fitmawati</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Riau, 28293, Indonesia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">fitmawati2008@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Juliantari, Erwina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Plant Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB University, Jl. Raya Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Silvia, Mega</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Riau, 28293, Indonesia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-06-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>199</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>129</mods:start>
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<mods:end>140</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-199-129</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">977376522E925FA1AF5D12398730B2AC</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CCB9EDCA218D5115B96E3599AD9C7437" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CCB9EDCA218D5115B96E3599AD9C7437" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName LSID="CCB9EDCA-218D-5115-B96E-3599AD9C7437" authority="Miq. first published in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1 (2): 630 (1859)" authorityName="Miq. first published in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1 (2): 630" authorityYear="1859" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">Mangifera sumatrana Miq. first published in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 630 (1859)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Mangifera sumatrana A habit B adaxial and abaxial surface of leaf C pyramidal panicles D flowers E flowers after anthesis; F ovary with swollen disc G roundish fruit H flattened fruit I pulp." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693718" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-10-03" country="Indonesia" elevation="32" location="Pekanbaru" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatra" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Indonesia" name="Riau">Riau</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CCB9EDCA218D5115B96E3599AD9C7437:1C6A406A8E48E83223A107BE4E1F0CCE" country="Indonesia" name="Pekanbaru" stateProvince="Sumatra">Pekanbaru</location>
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, tropical lowland, alt.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="32.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="32.0">32 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2016-10-03">3 October 2016</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Fitmawati 152</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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HR20130073!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Miq. first published in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1 (2): 630" authorityYear="1859" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Mangifera sumatrana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been considered as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera laurina" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laurina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Mangifera laurina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Bl. The distinctive characteristics of the
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. sumatrana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are panicles pyramidal and not dense, large and flat fruit, prominent fruit beak type, a quantity of fibre in pulp and high stone.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. laurina" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laurina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. laurina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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panicles are conical and dense, with small and thick fruit, round in shape and fruit break type is perceptible (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Mangifera sumatrana A habit B adaxial and abaxial surface of leaf C pyramidal panicles D flowers E flowers after anthesis; F ovary with swollen disc G roundish fruit H flattened fruit I pulp." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693718" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mangifera laurina A conical panicles B flowers C roundish thick fruit." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693719" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693718" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Miq. first published in Fl. Ned. Ind. 1 (2): 630" authorityYear="1859" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Mangifera sumatrana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A</emphasis>
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habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B</emphasis>
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adaxial and abaxial surface of leaf
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C</emphasis>
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pyramidal panicles
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">D</emphasis>
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flowers
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">E</emphasis>
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flowers after anthesis;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">F</emphasis>
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ovary with swollen disc
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">G</emphasis>
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roundish fruit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">H</emphasis>
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flattened fruit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I</emphasis>
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pulp.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.199.80727.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693719" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera laurina" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laurina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Mangifera laurina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A</emphasis>
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conical panicles
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B</emphasis>
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flowers
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C</emphasis>
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roundish thick fruit.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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Tree up to 40 m tall and 100-140 cm in diam., growth habit spreading, bark brownish-white with cream sap, the shoot brownish-yellow and crown semi-circular.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Leaves</emphasis>
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dark green, scattered, semi-drooping on branch, chartaceous, oblong-ovate, apex acuminate, base acute, both surfaces smooth, 14.9-15.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.51-5 cm, thickness 0.12-0.2 cm, mid-rib 13.7-14.2 cm in length, above and below mid-rib prominent, nerves 21-23 pairs, areola reticulation dense, slightly prominent, two branches. Petiole 2.8-3 cm in length, 0.19-0.22 cm in diameter.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Panicles</emphasis>
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terminal, semi-erect, yellowish-cream, pyramidal, 9.5-12 cm long, 14.30-15.55 g, non-glomerulate, low flower density.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Flowers</emphasis>
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pale yellow with light yellow tinge, 5-merous, after anthesis, pale yellow with orangish-yellow tinge, 0.1-0.2 g, 6-6.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5.5-6.2 cm. Bract yellowish-green, 5, 2.6-3.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.4-1.6 mm, broadly triangular acuminate, even and hairy, both dorsal and ventral smooth. Sepals light green, 5, 3-3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.7-2 mm, broad ovate, acute and hairy and smooth. Petals pale yellow, 5, 5-5.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-2.3 mm, curved-reflexed outwards, elliptic, apex blunt, not hairy, ridges 5. Disc swollen, broader than ovary. Stamen fertile 1, 2.5-2.8 mm long, staminodes 4-5, filaments adnate to the base, 0.7-0.78
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.4-0.5 mm. Ovary rather round, lateral-frontal. Stylus slightly to the side and curved, 2-2.5 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Fruits</emphasis>
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pale yellow, roundish flattened, thickness 0.2-0.3 cm, apex round, 160.41-182 g, 10.8-11.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.51-5.4 cm, 5.44-6 cm, skin surface texture smooth, non-waxy, density of lenticels on fruit skin sparse, beak pointed, sinus shallow, slope of fruit central shoulder rising and then rounded, fruit stalk insertion oblique, neck prominence absent. Pulp yellow, texture soft, adherence intermediate, quantity of fibre low, 6.13-6.4 cm long, juicy and sweet. 15.5° Brix. Stones oblong, 23.51-25 g, 8.7-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.22-4.5 cm, 1.14-1.3 cm thickness, fibre texture rough, adherence of fibre to stone weak, veins on stone depressed and pattern of stone venation forked. Polyembryony, 2.22-3 g.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Leaf anatomy</emphasis>
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Anomocytic stomata type. Simple epidermis. Simple palisade mesophyll. Upper mid-rib of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. sumatrana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has convex and lower mid-rib has concave shape.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. sumatrana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is an endemic species only found in lowland areas in Sumatra (less than 100 m a.s.l.), collected in southern Sumatra and central Sumatra, but is more commonly found in Riau Province, Sumatra, Indonesia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="chemotaxonomy">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Chemotaxonomy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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In addition, several compounds from the alkaloid, alkane, amino acids, benzene, benzoic acid and fatty acyl groups are only found in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. sumatrana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Miq. Conversely, several compounds from the phenolic group (gallic acid), amino acids, benzene and benzoic acid are only found in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. laurina" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laurina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. laurina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Bl (
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<bibRefCitation author="Fitmawati," journalOrPublisher="SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="27 - 43" refId="B7" refString="Fitmawati, , Khairunnisa, , Resida, E, Kholifah, SN, Roza, RM, 2021. Chemotaxonomic study of Sumatran wild mangoes (Mangifera spp.) based on liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS). SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 53 (1): 27 - 43" title="Chemotaxonomic study of Sumatran wild mangoes (Mangifera spp.) based on liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS)." volume="53" year="2021">Fitmawati et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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). Therefore, it can be reported that
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. sumatrana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Miq. is not a synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. laurina" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laurina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. laurina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Bl and contradicts the morphological classification of
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-421920-5.50012-3" author="Kostermans, AJGH" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" refId="B12" refString="Kostermans, AJGH, Bompard, JM, 1993. The Mangoes: Their Botany, Nomenclature, Horticulture, and Utilization. Academic Press, 29-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-421920-5.50012-3" title="The Mangoes: Their Botany, Nomenclature, Horticulture, and Utilization. Academic Press, 29 - 171." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-421920-5.50012-3" year="1993">Kostermans and Bompard (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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Geographically, the distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. sumatrana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. laurina" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laurina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. laurina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also different.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. sumatrana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in lowland areas of Sumatra (less than 100 m a.s.l.), while
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="M." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. laurina" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laurina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">M. laurina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a cosmopolitan species and is not only found in Sumatra, but also in the Maleisiana area, especially in the highlands (altitude up to 2000 m a.s.l.) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fitmawati," journalOrPublisher="Floribunda" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="169 - 174" refId="B4" refString="Fitmawati, , Swita, A, Sofiyanti, N, 2013. Morphological relationship analysis of Mangifera from Central Sumatra. Floribunda 4 (7): 169 - 174" title="Morphological relationship analysis of Mangifera from Central Sumatra." volume="4" year="2013">Fitmawati et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |