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<document id="78B3F768328A56DEEC4625AD944219E3" ID-CLB-Dataset="20057" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a960c9d2-4d41-478c-9409-45b574484345" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392707" ID-ZooBank="B6FBF44E-78CB-4ACA-9F58-1174A9E59926" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1648537025268" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Chobanov, Dragan, Warchałowska-Śliwa, Elżbieta &amp; Hemp, Claudia" docDate="2022" docId="DF5687C2FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FAA3251C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5120.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5120 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eugasteroides loricatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="473" masterDocId="236FFFBAFFF6417BCA46E96CFFB22065" masterDocTitle="Review of song patterns and sound production in armoured ground crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodini) with karyological data and taxonomic notes" masterLastPageNumber="481" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="473" updateTime="1699318700592" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DE2CF1A47AD8779ED2EE576787A0D2BB">Review of song patterns and sound production in armoured ground crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodini) with karyological data and taxonomic notes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3F03242F176F1126E4ABD9F0563643C0">Heller, Klaus-Gerhard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DA7B946FF3EF2D60A1A58504D77A90FD">Grillenstieg 18, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2FB020E14F24FC889785FE56F4EC435D">Chobanov, Dragan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A1178B4A012AE213210017362E6F7B2C" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1642-0363</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FF08698CA4016AE8E6A23E6E5C9BF878">Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Boulevard, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria. dchobanov @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1642 - 0363</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="20DA433553ABE799BFA8DDE8CB8F11FA" type="email">dchobanov@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="98C1BA5E2B2DBEFB6F02FE68186F222E">Warchałowska-Śliwa, Elżbieta</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="99660E3C80B4BE4993DD5C66211F970C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7812-1644</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7C758E7C10126B14935CE2239BF009DA">Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland. warchalowska @ isez. pan. krakow. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7812 - 1644</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2877997AC51FF8ABB6E333DBBC7B63CE" type="email">warchalowska@isez.pan.krakow.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4A088274062C64C7D88C07D55EDFFF21">Hemp, Claudia</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="406FAEAC738EA3490A47C150A79CC2C9" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9170-7113</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4C344D07AE24F6808917FF261DE78E93">University of Bayreuth, Germany &amp; Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt, Germany. claudia. Hemp @ uni-bayreuth. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9170 - 7113</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="38B73CD7C877389B09D9A98BA794CCDF" type="email">emp@uni-bayreuth.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C3E51433D099323117356E30166755D7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6727B914C2621D1A9F18B23BAADDE054">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="DF5687C2FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FAA3251C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6401892" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194314619" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6401892" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF5687C2FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FAA3251C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF5687C2FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FAA3251C" lastPageNumber="473" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<subSubSection id="1FE5655FFFE0416DCAD1EAE7FD1C23C0" box="[151,686,907,934]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="574036D4FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FD1C23C0" blockId="22.[151,686,907,934]" box="[151,686,907,934]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<heading id="0C0881B8FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FD1C23C0" bold="true" box="[151,686,907,934]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="90FF4D57FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FD1C23C0" ID-CoL="6GWL4" authority="(Gerstaecker, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[151,686,907,934]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eugasteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loricatus">
<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FD1C23C0" bold="true" box="[151,686,907,934]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FE0623C3" bold="true" box="[151,436,907,934]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Eugasteroides loricatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="336E4B25FFE0416DCB83EAE7FD1423C0" author="Gerstaecker, A." box="[453,678,907,933]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="201 - 223" refId="ref16213" refString="Gerstaecker, A. (1869). Beitrag zur Insekten - Fauna von Zanzibar. No. II. Orthoptera et Neuroptera. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte (Zeitschrift fur systematische Zoologie), 35 (1), 201 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 12294" type="journal article" year="1869">Gerstaecker, 1869</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FE5655FFFE0416DCAD1EABFFCB32453" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="574036D4FFE0416DCAD1EABFFCB32453" blockId="22.[151,1437,978,1402]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCAD1EABFFE302388" bold="true" box="[151,386,979,1005]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E7973C89FFE0416DCBCFEABFFCFA2477" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744199302" collectingDate="2010-09" collectorName="C. Hemp" country="Switzerland" county="Northern" location="Mt" municipality="Lake Chala" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
<specimenCount id="41F9FD5DFFE0416DCBCFEABFFE6D2388" box="[393,479,979,1005]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
[CH7352 (SR, SF),
<collectingCountry id="2FE87644FFE0416DC882EABFFD59238B" box="[708,747,979,1006]" name="Switzerland" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">CH</collectingCountry>
7353 (SF)],
<collectingCountry id="2FE87644FFE0416DC934EABFFBB12388" box="[882,1027,979,1005]" name="Tanzania" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="BE214E58FFE0416DCE48EABFFBC12388" box="[1038,1139,979,1005]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Northern</collectingCounty>
part,
<collectingMunicipality id="B724ACAEFFE0416DCEF4EABFFA872388" box="[1202,1333,979,1005]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Lake Chala</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="5220600FFFE0416DCF06EAB8FAD3238B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF5687C2FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FAA3251C:5220600FFFE0416DCF06EAB8FAD3238B" box="[1344,1377,980,1006]" country="Switzerland" county="Northern" municipality="Lake Chala" name="Mt" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">Mt</location>
Kilimanjaro,
<collectingRegion id="953BF836FFE0416DCB46EA9BFE502474" box="[256,482,1015,1041]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Kilimanjaro Region</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="23411014FFE0416DCBABEA9BFD142474" box="[493,678,1015,1041]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" value="2010-09">
<collectingDate id="3305E9FCFFE0416DCBABEA9BFD142474" box="[493,678,1015,1041]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" value="2010-09">September 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="FA0A5302FFE0416DC8A6EA9BFCFA2477" box="[736,840,1015,1042]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C. Hemp</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="E7973C89FFE0416DC915EA9BFE672453" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744199336" collectingDate="2010-10" collectorName="C. Hemp" country="Tanzania" location="Longido" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Arusha">
<specimenCount id="41F9FD5DFFE0416DC915EA9BFC2F2474" box="[851,925,1015,1041]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(SR),
<collectingCountry id="2FE87644FFE0416DC9A0EA9BFBC52474" box="[998,1143,1015,1041]" name="Tanzania" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="5220600FFFE0416DCEC4EA9BFB562474" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF5687C2FFE0416DCAD1EAE7FAA3251C:5220600FFFE0416DCEC4EA9BFB562474" box="[1154,1252,1015,1041]" country="Tanzania" name="Longido" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" stateProvince="Arusha">Longido</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="953BF836FFE0416DCEABEA9BFA2A2474" box="[1261,1432,1015,1041]" country="Tanzania" name="Arusha" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Arusha Region</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="23411014FFE0416DCAD1ED77FE872450" box="[151,309,1051,1077]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" value="2010-10">
<collectingDate id="3305E9FCFFE0416DCAD1ED77FE872450" box="[151,309,1051,1077]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" value="2010-10">Oktober 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="FA0A5302FFE0416DCB36ED77FE672453" box="[368,469,1051,1078]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C. Hemp</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
(all nominate subspecies).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FE5655FFFE0416DCA81ED53FAA3251C" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="574036D4FFE0416DCA81ED53FC56243F" blockId="22.[151,1437,978,1402]" box="[199,996,1087,1114]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCA81ED53FEE1243C" bold="true" box="[199,339,1087,1113]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">References:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="336E4B25FFE0416DCB1CED53FDBF243C" author="Grzeschik, K. - H." box="[346,525,1087,1113]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="46 - 144" refId="ref16393" refString="Grzeschik, K. - H. (1969) On the systematics, biology and ethology of Eugaster Serville (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae). Form and Function, 1, 46 - 144." type="journal article" year="1969">Grzeschik 1969</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="336E4B25FFE0416DC85EED2CFD2E243C" author="Hemp, C." box="[536,668,1087,1114]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" refId="ref16956" refString="Hemp, C. (2021) A Field Guide to the Bushcrickets, Wetas and Raspy Crickets of Tanzania and Kenya. Senckenberg Gesellschaft fur Naturforschung, Frankfurt, 451 pp." type="book" year="2021">Hemp 2021</bibRefCitation>
(all to nominate subspecies).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="574036D4FFE0416DCA81ED0FFE2D248C" blockId="22.[151,1437,978,1402]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCA81ED0FFED02418" bold="true" box="[199,354,1123,1149]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Bioacoustics.</emphasis>
Tegmina (
<figureCitation id="CFC42A51FFE0416DCB91ED0FFDAA2418" box="[471,536,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[161,1415,290,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-72@5.[151,1436,273,1718]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Left male tegmina of Acanthoplus discoidalis (CH8946), Acanthoproctus cervinus (CH8947), Hetrodes pupus (CHelb8948), Enyaliopsis bloyeti (CH8853), E. carolinus (CH8625), E. ephippiatus (CH7737), E. jennae (damaged; CH8267), Gymnoproctus rammei (CH8763), Eugasteroides loricatus (CH7352), Spalacomimus stettinenesis, S. talpa (CH7354), S. verruciferus (CH7188). Scale 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392715/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) and the spectrum of the song (
<figureCitation id="CFC42A51FFE0416DC934ED0FFC06241B" box="[882,948,1123,1150]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[171,1410,201,1247]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[151,1436,181,1263]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Power spectra of male calling songs in Hetrodini species" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392725/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) do not show large differences to the typical
<taxonomicName id="90FF4D57FFE0416DCAD1EDEBFEB024C4" ID-CoL="8PT7B" authorityName=", Kowalski &amp; Lakes-Harlan" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,258,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hetrodini">Hetrodini</taxonomicName>
pattern. However, the stridulatory file (
<figureCitation id="CFC42A51FFE0416DC884EDEBFCAA24C4" box="[706,792,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1148,1172]" captionTargetBox="[306,1281,309,1124]" captionTargetId="figure-102@6.[306,1281,309,1124]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stridulatory files on the underside of the left tegmen (wing articulation at the right) of A Acanthoplus discoidalis (CH8946), B Cosmoderus femoralis (CH8627), C Eugasteroides loricatus (CH7352), D Spalacomimus talpa (CH7354). Scale 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392719/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) shows a slight elevation in the middle, not seen in other
<taxonomicName id="90FF4D57FFE0416DCAD1EDC7FEB024A0" ID-CoL="8PT7B" authorityName=", Kowalski &amp; Lakes-Harlan" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,258,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hetrodini">Hetrodini</taxonomicName>
species. The calling song consists of a long, uninterrupted trill (song
<typeStatus id="88448876FFE0416DCE56EDC0FBF224A3" box="[1040,1088,1196,1222]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">type</typeStatus>
A) with a SRR of about 44 Hz (
<figureCitation id="CFC42A51FFE0416DCAE6EDA3FEB7248C" box="[160,261,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1322,1346]" captionTargetBox="[156,1433,260,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-48@14.[151,1436,237,1299]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Oscillograms of the calling songs in the genera Eugaster, Eugasteroides and Spalacomimus (figures of S. liberianus based on figures and data from literature; see text). A Eugaster guyoni, B Eugaster spinulosa, C Eugasteroides loricatus, D Spalacomimus liberianus, E Spalacomimus magnus, F Spalacomimus stettinensis, G Spalacomimus talpa, H Spalacomimus verruciferus, I Spalacomimus spec. near verruciferus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392739/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
; see
<tableCitation id="1A7D036FFFE0416DCB7AEDA3FE23248C" box="[316,401,1231,1257]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,236,476,501]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Song characteristics of Hetrodini species (for song type see Fig. 5 and text)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0380665CFFF1417CCAD1E8B0FBBD2190" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" tableUuid="0380665CFFF1417CCAD1E8B0FBBD2190">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="574036D4FFE0416DCA81ED9FFE9B2554" blockId="22.[151,1437,978,1402]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCA81ED9FFE8F2568" bold="true" box="[199,317,1267,1293]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Genitalia.</emphasis>
As in
<taxonomicName id="90FF4D57FFE0416DCBCEED98FE5F2568" ID-CoL="8NRKM" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[392,493,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eugaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCBCEED98FE5F2568" box="[392,493,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Eugaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we could not find a titillator or other sclerotized genitalic elements despite careful examination.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCA81EC57FEC92530" bold="true" box="[199,379,1339,1365]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Chromosomes:</emphasis>
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2n = 29 (28 + X0), FN = 29; pairs 114 and X chromosome acrocentric [
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described earlier (
<bibRefCitation id="336E4B25FFE0416DCAABEC33FE50251F" author="Grzywacz, B. &amp; Hemp, C. &amp; Heller, K. - G. &amp; Hemp, A. &amp; Chobanov, D. P. &amp; Warchalowska-Sliwa, E." box="[237,482,1375,1402]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="22 - 30" refId="ref16429" refString="Grzywacz, B., Hemp, C., Heller, K. - G., Hemp, A., Chobanov, D. P. &amp; Warchalowska-Sliwa, E. (2015) Cytogenetics and mo- lecular differentiation in the African armoured ground bushcrickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 259, 22 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2015.10.001" type="journal article" year="2015">
Grzywacz
<emphasis id="658BEAC6FFE0416DCB21EC0CFE12251C" box="[359,416,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">et al.</emphasis>
2015
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:
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7352,
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7353)]; thin paracentromeric C-bands in all chromosomes
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>