512 lines
45 KiB
XML
512 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599989" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Heterocyathus sulcatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1635513010010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-10-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1066</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>198</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1066-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599989" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Verrill, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus sulcatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sulcatus">Heterocyathus sulcatus (Verrill, 1866)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A, B Heterocyathus alternatus (ORI _ DIIIe 1 _ 1, locality data unknown) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Heterocyathus monileseptatum sp. nov. (SAM _ H 1431, off Durban Harbour, 99 m) C calicular view D lateral view E, F Heterocyathus sulcatus (SAMC _ A 073123, off Shaka's Rock, 100 - 105 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H Labyrinthocyathus delicatus (SAM _ H 2836, off East London, 146 - 238 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, K Monohedotrochus capensis comb. nov. I, J (SAMC _ A 088924, off Kidds Beach, 247 - 147 m) I calicular view J lateral view K (SAM _ H 3210, off Scottburgh, 690 m) calicular view L, M Polycyathus sp. (USNM 91677, off Port Dunford, 69 m) L calicular view M full view N, O Rhizosmilia robusta (USNM 91689, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 74 m) N calicular view O lateral view P Solenosmilia variabilis (SAM _ H 3158, off Cintsa, 630 m) P full view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-G, I-O); 100 mm (H, P)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604107" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Milne Edwards & Haime, 1851" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1866" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanoseris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanoseris sulcata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sulcata">Stephanoseris sulcata</taxonomicName>
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Verrill, 1866: 48
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<bibRefCitation author="Vaughan, T" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="371 - 424" refId="B286" refString="Vaughan, T, 1905. A critical review of the literature on the simple genera of the Madreporaria Fungida, with a tentative classification. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 28 (1401): 371 - 424" title="A critical review of the literature on the simple genera of the Madreporaria Fungida, with a tentative classification." volume="28" year="1905">. -Vaughan 1905</bibRefCitation>
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: 416.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Milne Edwards & Haime, 1851" authorityName="Milne Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1851" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Psammoseris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammoseris cyclicioides" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cyclicioides">Psammoseris cyclicioides</taxonomicName>
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Tenison-Woods, 1879 (in part): 10-11, pl. 1, figs 1-5
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<bibRefCitation author="Tenison-Woods, JE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="293 - 300" refId="B278" refString="Tenison-Woods, JE, 1880. On Heteropsammia michelinii, of Edwards and Haime. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 4: 293 - 300" title="On Heteropsammia michelinii, of Edwards and Haime." volume="4" year="1880">. -Tenison-Woods 1880</bibRefCitation>
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: 299-300.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rehberg" authorityYear="1892" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus pulchellus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pulchellus">Heterocyathus pulchellus</taxonomicName>
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Rehberg, 1892: 8-9, pl. 1, fig. 7A-B.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dennant" authorityYear="1906" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Homophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Homophyllia incrustans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="incrustans">Homophyllia incrustans</taxonomicName>
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Dennant, 1906: 161, pl. 6, fig. 3A-B.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus aequicostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aequicostatus">Heterocyathus aequicostatus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Folkeson, F" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 23" refId="B94" refString="Folkeson, F, 1919. Results of Dr. E. Mjoebergs Swedish scientific expeditions to Australia 1910-1913. XXII. Madreporaria. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 59 (1): 1 - 23" title="Results of Dr. E. Mjoebergs Swedish scientific expeditions to Australia 1910 - 1913. XXII. Madreporaria." volume="59" year="1919">. -Folkeson 1919</bibRefCitation>
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: 8-10 (in part), pl. 1, figs 4-7. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 37 (in part).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus cyclicioides" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cyclicioides">Heterocyathus cyclicioides</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Wells, J" journalOrPublisher="Papers from the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="107 - 121" refId="B305" refString="Wells, J, 1964. Ahermatypic corals from Queensland. Papers from the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland 2: 107 - 121" title="Ahermatypic corals from Queensland." volume="2" year="1964">Wells 1964</bibRefCitation>
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: 109.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus sulcatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sulcatus">Heterocyathus sulcatus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoeksema, B" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 245" refId="B127" refString="Hoeksema, B, Best, M, 1991. New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia. Zoologische Mededelingen 65 (16): 221 - 245" title="New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia." volume="65" year="1991">. -Hoeksema and Best 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 231-233, figs 19-23. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 384. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
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: 98-99, figs A-D. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 22
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<bibRefCitation author="Stolarski, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="309 - 330" refId="B273" refString="Stolarski, J, Zibrowius, H, Loeser, H, 2001. Panchronism of the sipunculid- scleractinian symbiosis. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 46: 309 - 330" title="Panchronism of the sipunculid- scleractinian symbiosis." volume="46" year="2001">. -Stolarski et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 320
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<bibRefCitation author="Randall, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Publications from Victoria University of Wellington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B234" refString="Randall, R, 2003. An annotated checklist of hydrozoan and scleractinian corals collected from Guam and other Mariana Islands. Micronesia 35-36: 121-137." title="An annotated checklist of hydrozoan and scleractinian corals collected from Guam and other Mariana Islands. Micronesia 35 - 36: 121 - 137." year="2003">. -Randall 2003</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 135
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
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: 281-282, fig. 3K. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Paper of the Bernice P Bishop Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B48" refString="Cairns, S, 2009. Online appendix: Phylogenetic list of 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species, with their junior synonyms and depth ranges. In: Roberts J, Wheeler, A, Freiwald, A, Cairns S (Eds) Cold water corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-sea Corals Habitats. Cambridge University Press. https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/7548" title="Online appendix: Phylogenetic list of 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species, with their junior synonyms and depth ranges. In: Roberts J, Wheeler, A, Freiwald, A, Cairns S (Eds) Cold water corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-sea Corals Habitats. Cambridge University Press. https: // repository. si. edu / handle / 10088 / 7548" year="2009">Cairns 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 13. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: 531-533, figs 291H-J, 292.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Off Ceylon, Sri Lanka, depth unknown (
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<bibRefCitation author="Verrill, A" journalOrPublisher="Communications of the Essex Institute, Salem" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="17 - 50" refId="B295" refString="Verrill, A, 1866. Synopsis of the polyps and corals of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under Commodore C. Ringgold and Capt. John Rodgers, U.S.N., from 1853 to 1856. Collected by Dr. Wm. Stimpson, Naturalist to the Expedition. With descriptions of some additional species from the Western margin of North America. Part III. Madreporaria. Communications of the Essex Institute, Salem 5 (3): 17 - 50" title="Synopsis of the polyps and corals of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under Commodore C. Ringgold and Capt. John Rodgers, U. S. N., from 1853 to 1856. Collected by Dr. Wm. Stimpson, Naturalist to the Expedition. With descriptions of some additional species from the Western margin of North America. Part III. Madreporaria." volume="5" year="1866">Verrill 1866</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The holotype is deposited at the YPM (
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Verrill, A" journalOrPublisher="Communications of the Essex Institute, Salem" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="17 - 50" refId="B295" refString="Verrill, A, 1866. Synopsis of the polyps and corals of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under Commodore C. Ringgold and Capt. John Rodgers, U.S.N., from 1853 to 1856. Collected by Dr. Wm. Stimpson, Naturalist to the Expedition. With descriptions of some additional species from the Western margin of North America. Part III. Madreporaria. Communications of the Essex Institute, Salem 5 (3): 17 - 50" title="Synopsis of the polyps and corals of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under Commodore C. Ringgold and Capt. John Rodgers, U. S. N., from 1853 to 1856. Collected by Dr. Wm. Stimpson, Naturalist to the Expedition. With descriptions of some additional species from the Western margin of North America. Part III. Madreporaria." volume="5" year="1866">Verrill 1866</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mlalazi Estuary" elevation="50" latitude="-29.066668" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.166668" municipality="Richards Bay" specimenCount="1">
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||
SAMC_A073054 (
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
):
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:71C86A669371228CCC3B52AF2183EDD2" county="Mlalazi Estuary" latitude="-29.066668" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.166668" municipality="Richards Bay" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
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margin,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="km" value="33.0">33 km</quantity>
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from
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<collectingMunicipality>Richards Bay</collectingMunicipality>
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/
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="km" value="39.0">39 km</quantity>
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off
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<collectingCounty>Mlalazi Estuary</collectingCounty>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-29.066668">29°04'00.00"S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="32.166668">32°10'00.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Tongati Estuary" elevation="60" latitude="-29.573298" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.2983" municipality="Shaka's Rock" specimenCount="1">
|
||
. SAMC_A073071 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:BE5FD4DCF072860877051307475F3479" county="Tongati Estuary" latitude="-29.573298" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.2983" municipality="Shaka's Rock" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Shaka’s">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rock
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Tongati Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="23.87" value="-29.573298">29°34'23.87"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.88" value="31.2983">31°17'53.88"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="58" latitude="-27.436697" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7367" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="1">
|
||
. SAMC_A073089 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:DDDBDB80C91FF6FA92303276297F2C99" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.436697" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7367" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="km" value="67.0">67 km</quantity>
|
||
south of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="-27.436697">27°26'12.11"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="32.7367">32°44'12.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.5" unit="m" value="57.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="55.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.5" unit="m" value="57.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="55.0">55-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">60 m
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="52" latitude="-27.814999" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.640003" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="1">
|
||
. SAMC_A073105 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:3FA1ECBEEA08429056348616A37470D2" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.814999" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.640003" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="km" value="36.0">36 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.00" value="-27.814999">27°48'54.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="32.640003">32°38'24.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" unit="m" value="52.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" unit="m" value="52.0">52 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Kosi Bay" elevation="75" latitude="-27.2267" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.821697" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="1">
|
||
. SAMC_A073108 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:84524C63C95A9230C1BB2CC2C3BF1646" county="Kosi Bay" latitude="-27.2267" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.821697" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
|
||
south of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Kosi Bay</collectingCounty>
|
||
Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="36.12" value="-27.2267">27°13'36.12"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18.11" value="32.821697">32°49'18.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="m" value="75.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="m" value="75.0">75 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Zinkwasi Estuary" elevation="103" latitude="-29.504997" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.762497" municipality="Shaka's Rock" specimenCount="24">
|
||
. SAMC_A073123 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">24 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:4B68C81A2B9AA36C417A9CCF6CAACA1C" county="Zinkwasi Estuary" latitude="-29.504997" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.762497" municipality="Shaka's Rock" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" unit="km" value="51.0">51 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Shaka’s">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rock
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" unit="km" value="41.0">41 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Zinkwasi Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="17.99" value="-29.504997">29°30'17.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="44.99" value="31.762497">31°45'44.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.05" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="102.5" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="100.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.05" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="102.5" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="100.0">100-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">105 m
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="St Lucia Estuary" elevation="54" latitude="-27.828299" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6367" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="1">
|
||
. SAMC_A073144 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:8127B637DA83194B340A72B963394DB2" county="St Lucia Estuary" latitude="-27.828299" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6367" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>St Lucia Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="41.87" value="-27.828299">27°49'41.87"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="32.6367">32°38'12.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" unit="m" value="54.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" unit="m" value="54.0">54 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="St Lucia Estuary" elevation="54" latitude="-27.828299" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6367" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="1">
|
||
. SAMC_A073156 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:76242222E47727C328F1F4817B8709A3" county="St Lucia Estuary" latitude="-27.828299" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6367" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>St Lucia Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="41.87" value="-27.828299">27°49'41.87"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="32.6367">32°38'12.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" unit="m" value="54.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" unit="m" value="54.0">54 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Bulolo Estuary" elevation="143" latitude="-31.833332" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.666664" municipality="Port St. Johns" specimenCount="1">
|
||
. SAMC_A073161 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:6EDFA61EE22E706C331B5DC2CD0B2A29" county="Bulolo Estuary" latitude="-31.833332" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.666664" municipality="Port St. Johns" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Port St. Johns</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Bulolo Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="-31.833332">31°49'59.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="29.666664">29°39'59.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.4" unit="m" value="142.5" valueMax="145.0" valueMin="140.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.4" unit="m" value="142.5" valueMax="145.0" valueMin="140.0">140-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">145 m
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Durban, Umgeni Estuary" elevation="99" latitude="-29.866667" location="Locality" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.0" municipality="Eastern" specimenCount="18">
|
||
. SAM_H1245 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
), SAM_H1430 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:5729157ACD1DD52A4B1CCF46A40E2C10" latitude="-29.866667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.0" municipality="Eastern" name="Locality">Locality</location>
|
||
data unknown. SAM_H1472 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Eastern</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectorName>Durban</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectorName>Umgeni Estuary</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-29.866667">29°52'00.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="31.0">31°00'00.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" unit="m" value="99.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" unit="m" value="99.0">99 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="110" location="Eastern" specimenCount="2">
|
||
. SAM_H1512 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:1DAB5A3360FF1B59EFAD554C220EB546" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin, locality data unknown;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="0.55" unit="m" value="110.0" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="55.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="0.55" unit="m" value="110.0" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="55.0">55-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">165 m
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Tongati Estuary" elevation="66" latitude="-29.571934" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.184792" municipality="Shaka's Rock" specimenCount="7">
|
||
. SAM_H3112 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7E367ED2925DDC3EA3262D29492026F:23FDE4A947956B4F87360DFA3E212917" county="Tongati Estuary" latitude="-29.571934" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.184792" municipality="Shaka's Rock" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Shaka’s">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rock
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Tongati Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.96" value="-29.571934">29°34'18.96"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="05.25" value="31.184792">31°11'05.25"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" unit="m" value="66.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" unit="m" value="66.0">66 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
ORI_DIIIe1_2 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
): Locality data unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Corallum unattached and variable in shape. All specimens examined encapsulate a gastropod shell. Shape of corallum correlates with size and shape of gastropod shell. Aboral efferent pore not exceeding 2.0 mm in diameter. Calice circular to elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.0-1.1). Largest specimen examined (SAMC_A073161) 9.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
9.0 mm in CD, and 6.4 mm in H. Costae granulated, unequal in size with C3-4 wider than C1-2, and progressively diminishing in size towards base. Base smooth. Upper parts of corallum, columella, and S1-2 darker than other corallum elements.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Septa hexamerally arranged in four complete cycles according to the formula: S1 ≥ S2> S3> S4 (48 septa). S1 most exsert, extend to columella with sinuous axial margins and bear a well-developed pali (P1). S2 slightly less exsert and may be equal or less wide than S1. S2 also have sinuous axial margins bordered by a smaller pali. S3 least exsert, also with sinuous axial margins bordered by variable sized pali. S4 dimorphic in development: those adjacent to S1 being wider and more exsert than those adjacent to S2. Approximately 1/2 distance to columella each S4 fuses to adjacent S1-2 forming a V-shaped pattern. Pali cylindrical and bear meniane-like ridges. Fossa shallow, containing a papillose columella.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Port St. Johns extending towards Kosi Bay Estuary (42 km south of Ponta Do Ouro: Mozambique); 50-164 m. Elsewhere: Indonesia
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hoeksema, B" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 245" refId="B127" refString="Hoeksema, B, Best, M, 1991. New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia. Zoologische Mededelingen 65 (16): 221 - 245" title="New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia." volume="65" year="1991">(Hoeksema and Best 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">; Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Australia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Vanuatu; Wallis and Futuna Islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); New Caledonia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); 11-351 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus sulcatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heterocyathus sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the other three South African congeners in having S3> S4 as compared with S4> S3 as in
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. aequicostatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aequicostatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. aequicostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. alternatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="alternatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. alternatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Filander & Kitahara" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus monileseptatum" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="monileseptatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heterocyathus monileseptatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. The presence of meniane-like structures on the palar faces of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. sulcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
further differentiates it from the other South African representatives. Part of the specimens reported herein were identified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. aequicostatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aequicostatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. aequicostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus this account serves as a first record for the species in South African territory.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |