207 lines
27 KiB
XML
207 lines
27 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6AC3992E71346EA9EE2394E8BDCA8737">A Hotspot of Amoebae Diversity: 8 New Naked Amoebae Associated with the Planktonic Bloom-forming Cyanobacterium Microcystis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="71E2F0568C75256B4944D986C4F89088">D’Hondt, Sofie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="301BE37AFDD6C07B791EEA3B9F4D9B99">Claeys, Myriam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="88EF9B10608C152AA1E943B5E1151EF5">Vyverman, Wim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="03FACFE043F2A941AAE87C0B37D32C70">Acta Protozoologica</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0228D806FFADFF81FF77FE93FA866276" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538875" ID-GBIF-Taxon="233769604" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12538875" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0228D806FFADFF81FF77FE93FA866276" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0228D806FFADFF81FF77FE93FA866276" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
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<subSubSection id="C29B3A9BFFADFF81FF77FE93FED86173" box="[163,288,343,370]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8A3E6910FFADFF81FF77FE93FED86173" blockId="13.[125,772,343,1724]" box="[163,288,343,370]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
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<heading id="D176DE7CFFADFF81FF77FE93FED86173" box="[163,288,343,370]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FF77FE93FED86173" ID-CoL="86LS" authority="Van Wichelen & D’Hondt & Claeys & Vyverman & Berney & Bass & Vanormelingen, 2016" box="[163,288,343,370]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FF77FE93FED86173" bold="true" box="[163,288,343,370]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Vexillifera</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C29B3A9BFFADFF81FF77FE45FA866276" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8A3E6910FFADFF81FF77FE45FE9C6227" blockId="13.[125,772,343,1724]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
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The acanthopodial strain A18
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<collectionCode id="EC90F1D5FFADFF81FDDCFE46FDB7619D" box="[520,591,386,412]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">WVB</collectionCode>
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was placed in the monophyletic genus
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<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FE75FE60FDE261BF" authority="Schaeffer, 1926" box="[417,538,420,446]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FE75FE60FDE261BF" box="[417,538,420,446]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Vexillifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FD8BFE61FF6F61E1" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="multispinosa">
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<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FD8BFE61FF6F61E1" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">V. multispinosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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its closest relative (
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<figureCitation id="12BA7595FFADFF81FE54FE02FE2661E0" box="[384,478,454,481]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[125,160,1833,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-9@14.[135,1460,257,1939]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. A – 18S rDNA maximum likelihood phylogeny of Vexillifera, including the Microcystis-associated strain (in bold). ML bootstrap values respectively posterior probabilities are shown at the nodes. GenBank accession numbers are given together with the species names. B – LM pictures of locomotive (1–7, 12–13) and floating (8–11) amoebae. Microcystis cells inside food vacuoles are visible in (1–2) and (13). The arrow in (5) points to a temporal, uroid-like structure sometimes visible during locomotion. Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12538727/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
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), however the
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<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FD5EFE03FD6161E1" box="[650,665,455,480]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">p</emphasis>
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-distance between these two strains was rather large (15.9%, 264 differing positions).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A3E6910FFADFF81FF77FDEAFEDB64FB" blockId="13.[125,772,343,1724]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
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Locomotive amoebae of strain A18
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<collectionCode id="EC90F1D5FFADFF81FDEDFDEAFD786249" box="[569,640,558,584]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">WVB</collectionCode>
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were highly variable. Their shape was either triangular, spherical, slightly elongated or irregular and pseudopodia were often dactylopodial-like (e.g.
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<figureCitation id="12BA7595FFADFF81FE39FD52FDA862B1" box="[493,592,662,688]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[125,160,1833,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-9@14.[135,1460,257,1939]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. A – 18S rDNA maximum likelihood phylogeny of Vexillifera, including the Microcystis-associated strain (in bold). ML bootstrap values respectively posterior probabilities are shown at the nodes. GenBank accession numbers are given together with the species names. B – LM pictures of locomotive (1–7, 12–13) and floating (8–11) amoebae. Microcystis cells inside food vacuoles are visible in (1–2) and (13). The arrow in (5) points to a temporal, uroid-like structure sometimes visible during locomotion. Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12538727/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="12BA7595FFADFF81FD8AFD52FD9662B1" box="[606,622,662,688]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[127,162,1135,1157]" captionTargetBox="[127,1452,221,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[127,1452,221,1108]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 3. TEM pictures of the scales on the cell surface of Korotnevella jeppesenii (a, c) and K. pelagolacustris (b, d) trophozoites viewed from top (a, b) and side (c, d). Scale bars: 500 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12538720/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="12BA7595FFADFF81FD56FD52FD6B62B1" box="[642,659,662,688]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[124,159,1777,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-9@16.[190,1408,222,1933]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 7. A – 18S rDNA maximum likelihood phylogeny of Cochliopodium, including the Microcystis-associated strain (in bold). ML bootstrap values respectively posterior probabilities are shown at the nodes. GenBank accession numbers are given together with the species names. B – LM pictures of locomotive amoebae clearly showing the surrounding hyaline sheet (black arrows) punctuated with microscales (best visible in 8), a few small subpseudopodia (black arrowheads) and trailing adhesive uroidal filaments (white arrows) (1–5), a tropho- zoite during and just after grazing on Microcystis cells showing a prominent fringe of folded hyaloplasm (white arrowheads) (6–9), the bell-shaped form on colonies of Microcystis aeruginosa (10–11) and floating amoebae (12–13). Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12538729/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">7</figureCitation>
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). Length without subpseudopodia was 13–43 µm (mean 22) and width 5–24 µm (11). About 9–22 (15) round-tipped subpseudopodia of maximally 11 µm long were present predominantly at the broader anterior side. A temporal, uroid-like, hyaline, bulbous or fasciculate structure (3–5 µm long) was sometimes seen posteriorly during locomotion (arrow in
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<figureCitation id="12BA7595FFADFF81FE5DFC43FE1D63A0" box="[393,485,903,929]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[125,160,1833,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-9@14.[135,1460,257,1939]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. A – 18S rDNA maximum likelihood phylogeny of Vexillifera, including the Microcystis-associated strain (in bold). ML bootstrap values respectively posterior probabilities are shown at the nodes. GenBank accession numbers are given together with the species names. B – LM pictures of locomotive (1–7, 12–13) and floating (8–11) amoebae. Microcystis cells inside food vacuoles are visible in (1–2) and (13). The arrow in (5) points to a temporal, uroid-like structure sometimes visible during locomotion. Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12538727/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="12BA7595FFADFF81FE24FC43FDF963A3" box="[496,513,903,930]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[132,167,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[132,1457,1336,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-482@12.[132,1457,1336,1835]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 5. LM pictures of Schoutedamoeba minuta showing trophozoites in non-oriented movement (a–f) and the limax-shaped locomotive form (g–i). The presence of a pronounced hyaline cap, small adhesive uroidal filaments and tiny granules in the cytoplasm are indicated with white arrowheads, black arrows and a white arrow respectively. Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12538725/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">5</figureCitation>
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). Usually one, rarely 2–3, small contractile vacuole(s) were visible posteriorly. The globular to elliptical vesicular nucleus was 2–5 µm in diameter and contained one slightly eccentrically located globular nucleolus of 1–2 µm. The cytoplasm always contained 10–40 small (1–2 µm), refractive spheroid granules. Floating amoebae (
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<figureCitation id="12BA7595FFADFF81FD84FB92FD4C6471" box="[592,692,1110,1136]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[125,160,1833,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-9@14.[135,1460,257,1939]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. A – 18S rDNA maximum likelihood phylogeny of Vexillifera, including the Microcystis-associated strain (in bold). ML bootstrap values respectively posterior probabilities are shown at the nodes. GenBank accession numbers are given together with the species names. B – LM pictures of locomotive (1–7, 12–13) and floating (8–11) amoebae. Microcystis cells inside food vacuoles are visible in (1–2) and (13). The arrow in (5) points to a temporal, uroid-like structure sometimes visible during locomotion. Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12538727/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="12BA7595FFADFF81FD14FB93FD366470" box="[704,718,1111,1137]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[125,160,1778,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-10@18.[148,1448,222,1933]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 8. A – 18S rDNA maximum likelihood phylogeny of Angulamoeba. Sequences new for this study are indicated in bold. ML bootstrap values respectively posterior probabilities are shown at the nodes. GenBank accession numbers are given together with the species names. B – LM pictures of Angulamoeba microcystivorans (strains A1WVB (1, 2, 4) and A4WVB (3)) showing the characteristic rusty-colored plasmodium-like mucilage matrix with embedded trophozoites devouring a culture of Microcystis aeruginosa colonies (1–2), multi-vacuolated trophozoites that are seemingly connected by their filopodia (3) and amoeba-flagellates in different stages of transition (4). Scale bars: 200 µm (1), 100 µm (2), 20 µm (3, 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12538733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12538733/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">8</figureCitation>
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–11) were slightly elongated, about 15 µm long and 10 µm wide, displaying 5–17 sharply pointed pseudopodia that reached maximally 24 µm in length. No cyst stage was observed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A3E6910FFADFF81FF77FAC7FA866276" blockId="13.[125,772,343,1724]" lastBlockId="13.[808,1455,224,631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
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<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FF77FAC7FEE4651C" ID-CoL="86LS" authority="Schaeffer, 1926" box="[163,284,1283,1309]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FF77FAC7FEE4651C" box="[163,284,1283,1309]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Vexillifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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currently contains 24 species of which two were most probably misclassified (
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<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FDBAFAE2FCFB653E" box="[622,771,1318,1343]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="expectata">
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<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FDBAFAE2FCFB653E" box="[622,771,1318,1343]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">V. expectata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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belongs to
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<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FED9FA8CFDB96563" box="[269,577,1352,1378]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
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<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FED9FA8CFE576563" ID-CoL="4TXJ" authorityName="Alexeieff" authorityYear="1912" box="[269,431,1352,1378]" class="Lobosa" family="Hartmannellidae" genus="Hartmannella" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Amoebida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="genus">Hartmannella</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FE68FA8CFDB96563" authority="Zopf, 1884" box="[444,577,1352,1378]" class="Tubulinea" genus="Copromyxa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="genus">Copromyxa</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FD5EFA8DFCFB6563" authorityName="Page" authorityYear="1979" box="[650,771,1353,1378]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FD5EFA8DFCFB6563" box="[650,771,1353,1378]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">V. armata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is probably
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FEC7FAAFFDC56585" authorityName="Page" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Sawer" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[275,573,1387,1413]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Pseudoparamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="pagei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FEC7FAAFFDC56585" box="[275,573,1387,1413]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Pseudoparamoeba pagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE1014E1FFADFF81FD50FAAFFF1C65A6" author="Dykova I. & Kostka M. & Peckova H." pageId="13" pageNumber="74" pagination="55 - 63" refId="ref17313" refString="Dykova I., Kostka M., Peckova H. (2011) Three new species of the Amoebozoan genus Vexillifera Schaeffer, 1926. Acta Protozool. 50: 55 - 63" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Dyková
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FD3AFAAFFF6C65A6" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Six of the remaining species were isolated from marine habitats, 1 from brackish waters and 4 from freshwater fish tissues (amphizoic species). The other species are all free-living amoebae from freshwater habitats, however none of these are represented in GenBank since it only contains the free-living marine species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FEC6F999FD926676" authority="(Bovee 1985)" baseAuthorityName="Bovee" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[274,618,1628,1655]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="minutissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FEC6F999FE476677" box="[274,447,1629,1654]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">V. minutissima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE1014E1FFADFF81FE04F998FD9A6676" author="Bovee E. C." box="[464,610,1628,1655]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" pagination="101 - 118" refId="ref16644" refString="Bovee E. C. (1985) The lobose amebas III. Descriptions of nine new conopodous amebas of the genus Vexillifera Schaeffer, 1926, emd. BOVEE 1951, 1970, with comments on the genus. Arch. Protistenk. 129: 101 - 118" type="journal article" year="1985">Bovee 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the amphizoic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FF0EF9BBFEAB6698" authority="Schaeffer, 1926" box="[218,339,1663,1689]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FF0EF9BBFEAB6698" box="[218,339,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Vexillifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species on fish (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE1014E1FFADFF81FDC6F9BBFD0E6698" author="Dykova I. & Kostka M. & Peckova H." box="[530,758,1663,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" pagination="55 - 63" refId="ref17313" refString="Dykova I., Kostka M., Peckova H. (2011) Three new species of the Amoebozoan genus Vexillifera Schaeffer, 1926. Acta Protozool. 50: 55 - 63" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Dyková
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FDA3F944FD526698" box="[631,682,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Our
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FF63F966FEC766BA" ID-CoL="7P8VT" authority="Lemmermann, 1907 " box="[183,319,1698,1723]" class="Cyanobacteriia" family="Microcystaceae" genus="Microcystis" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Cyanobacteriales" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FF63F966FEC766BA" box="[183,319,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Microcystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-associated strain showed some morphological similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FBA0FF25FB2B60FB" box="[1140,1235,224,250]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="telma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FBA0FF25FB2B60FB" box="[1140,1235,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">V. telma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FADBFF25FA5660FB" box="[1295,1454,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FADBFF25FA5260FB" box="[1295,1450,224,250]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="displacata">V. displacata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
described from eutrophied stagnant freshwaters respectively muddy bottoms of slow-running streams in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F2962980FFADFF81FCFCFE8CFCB56163" box="[808,845,328,354]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE1014E1FFADFF81FC8BFE8CFC0B6162" author="Bovee E. C." box="[863,1011,328,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" pagination="101 - 118" refId="ref16644" refString="Bovee E. C. (1985) The lobose amebas III. Descriptions of nine new conopodous amebas of the genus Vexillifera Schaeffer, 1926, emd. BOVEE 1951, 1970, with comments on the genus. Arch. Protistenk. 129: 101 - 118" type="journal article" year="1985">Bovee 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), however it differed in having an irregular floating form with long radiating pseudopodia (in contrast to the globular one of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FB04FE4AFAC961A6" box="[1232,1329,397,423]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="telma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FB04FE4AFAC961A6" box="[1232,1329,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">V. telma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with only very small radiating pseudopodia), in being much larger (in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FC3BFE17FB7D61ED" box="[1007,1157,466,492]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="displacata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FC3BFE17FB7D61ED" box="[1007,1157,466,492]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">V. displacata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that is 7–12 µm long and 6–8 µm wide) and in its specific ecology (planktonic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FCFCFDDCFC486230" ID-CoL="7P8VT" authority="Lemmermann, 1907 " box="[808,944,536,561]" class="Cyanobacteriia" family="Microcystaceae" genus="Microcystis" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Cyanobacteriales" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FCFCFDDCFC486230" box="[808,944,536,561]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Microcystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
colonies where it feeds on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FB3FFDDCFA8B6230" ID-CoL="7P8VT" authority="Lemmermann, 1907 " box="[1259,1395,536,561]" class="Cyanobacteriia" family="Microcystaceae" genus="Microcystis" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Cyanobacteriales" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FB3FFDDCFA8B6230" box="[1259,1395,536,561]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Microcystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cells and associated biota). These differences warranted its description as a new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D811293FFADFF81FB56FD98FA8F6277" authorityName="Van Wichelen & Vanormelingen" authorityYear="2016" box="[1154,1399,604,630]" class="Discosea" family="Vexilliferidae" genus="Vexillifera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Dactylopodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="westveldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5B502FFADFF81FB56FD98FA8F6277" box="[1154,1399,604,630]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Vexillifera westveldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |