469 lines
97 KiB
XML
469 lines
97 KiB
XML
<document id="FF39207E6845560136462845B76189A7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4789.2.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3887743" ID-ZooBank="7B9DD51D-1BD9-431B-A57E-901250DAB7F8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1591774776081" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Korovchinsky, Nikolai M." docDate="2020" docId="03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4789.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4789 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bythotrephes centralasiaticus Korovchinsky 2020, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="449" masterDocId="FFCB764CFF8AFFDFFF8EFFF4FFE3FFA2" masterDocTitle="Description of a new species in the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860 (Crustacea Cladocera: Onychopoda), supplements to selected species, and concluding remarks on the genus" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="441" pageNumber="443" updateTime="1700276516185" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="ECF7B1179C1D715CD437F9B5843DB4EF">Description of a new species in the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860 (Crustacea Cladocera: Onychopoda), supplements to selected species, and concluding remarks on the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6A18A643B7CC6E35D5EC292651A9C027" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AC445764FE43B5BDF33CCE5E236A333A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3F761AE2E0C1FA970C957F95991B9616">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C979C0166B3A367FFE2463742C603988">Korovchinsky, Nikolai M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="465E3294993DA9021BECAF7CE01160CF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="092F964AE339FB08A9918D60FB779B34">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3AB0E897814A95282CB433392BD8F285">
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<mods:date id="2E0C0626CA753813E47D6BB9A76E34BF">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="98288B41AF0F1A186825B5CA5F7684A7">2020-06-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8E08CB689123A28C3ACF7765BB48B977">4789</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="AD2EBEE406CC5A9CBF18EE3664014841">441</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="47E754C45387E93022E0E9914F3DCB68" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4789.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2AA42657ED02026E259F4663363D2698" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<subSubSection id="C341ECA9FF88FFDDFF19FD65FDB9FD0E" box="[151,602,657,684]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF19FD65FDB9FD0E" blockId="2.[151,602,657,720]" box="[151,602,657,684]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<heading id="D0AC084EFF88FFDDFF19FD65FDB9FD0E" bold="true" box="[151,602,657,684]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF19FD65FDB9FD0E" bold="true" box="[151,602,657,684]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF88FFDDFF19FD65FE1EFD0E" authority="Korovchinsky, 2020" authorityName="Korovchinsky" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,509,657,684]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralasiaticus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF19FD65FE1EFD0E" bold="true" box="[151,509,657,684]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Bythotrephes centralasiaticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21CDE4BFF88FFDDFD8AFD66FDB9FD0E" box="[516,602,658,684]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C341ECA9FF88FFDDFF19FD41FD8BFCB0" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF19FD41FEF1FD6D" blockId="2.[151,602,657,720]" box="[151,274,693,720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF19FD41FF43FD72" bold="true" box="[151,160,693,720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">(</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF88FFDDFF2FFD41FEE9FD6D" box="[161,266,693,719]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1905,1930]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1847,1872]" captionTargetBox-0="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetBox-2="[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, distal part of mandible (a group of broken minute spinules is arrowed). B, anterior mandibular lobe (mandibular process). C, prominences of mandibular process. D, proximal part of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl II. F, the same one of tl III. Scale bars: 5µm (C), 10 µm (B, E, F), 25µm (A), 100 µm (D)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). Setae of endopodite: A, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I; B, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl III; C, armament of anterior subterminal seta of tl II; D, thoracic limb of fourth pair (es = external setae). Scale bars: 2.5 µm (B), 5 µm (A), 10 µm (C), 25 µm (D)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887749" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887751" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3887749/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3887751/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF19FD0EFD8BFCB0" blockId="2.[151,616,761,786]" box="[151,616,761,786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF88FFDDFF19FD0EFEFFFCB0" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,284,762,786]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF19FD0EFEFFFCB0" box="[151,284,762,786]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Bythotrephes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.: Korovchinsky 2019, p. 346.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C341ECA9FF88FFDDFF19FCB4FDFBFCDC" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF19FCB4FDFBFCDC" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF19FCB4FEFDFCF8" bold="true" box="[151,286,832,858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species is named for the region of its location (mountain lakes of
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<collectingRegion id="499F71C0FF88FFDDFBA6FCB5FB33FCF9" box="[1064,1232,832,859]" country="Russia" name="Tyva" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Tyva Republic</collectingRegion>
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), which is situated in the geographical center of Asia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C341ECA9FF88FFDDFF49FC7CFAB6FB60" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF49FC7CFC03FC00" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" box="[199,992,903,931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF49FC7CFE8AFC00" bold="true" box="[199,361,903,930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Type locality:</emphasis>
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Lake Kadysh,
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<collectingRegion id="499F71C0FF88FFDDFD9CFC7DFD5AFC00" box="[530,697,904,931]" country="Russia" name="Tyva" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Tyva Republic</collectingRegion>
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, Southern Siberia,
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<collectingCountry id="F34CFFB2FF88FFDDFC03FC7CFC38FC00" box="[909,987,904,930]" name="Russia" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Russia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF49FC58FBEDFC48" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF49FC58FE95FC64" bold="true" box="[199,374,939,966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B33B57FFF88FFDDFEF0FC58FBEDFC48" collectionCode="MGU" county="Lake Kadysh" location="University" municipality="Zoological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" specimenCode="ML 184" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Moscow" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFEF0FC58FE11FC64" bold="true" box="[382,498,940,966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E00180FF88FFDDFEF0FC58FE0EFC64" box="[382,493,940,966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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A female with body length
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<quantity id="4CA312C7FF88FFDDFCBEFC58FC76FC65" box="[816,917,940,967]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.30 mm</quantity>
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from
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<collectingCounty id="6285C7AEFF88FFDDFC55FC58FB92FC64" box="[987,1137,940,966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Lake Kadysh</collectingCounty>
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||
preserved in formalin and deposited in
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B802558FF88FFDDFEA8FC24FDEAFC49" box="[294,521,976,1003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Zoological Museum</collectingMunicipality>
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||
of
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<collectingRegion id="499F71C0FF88FFDDFDA0FC25FD2EFC48" box="[558,717,976,1003]" country="Russia" name="Moscow" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Moscow State</collectingRegion>
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<location id="8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFD5AFC24FCA9FC48" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49:8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFD5AFC24FCA9FC48" box="[724,842,976,1002]" county="Lake Kadysh" municipality="Zoological Museum" name="University" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" stateProvince="Moscow">University</location>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED4A27E7FF88FFDDFCD7FC24FC7FFC48" box="[857,924,976,1002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">MGU</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="DBFD1759FF88FFDDFC2DFC25FBE2FC48" box="[931,1025,976,1003]" collectionCode="ML" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">ML 184</specimenCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF49FC00FB07FB90" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<materialsCitation id="3B33B57FFF88FFDDFF49FC00FB3CFB90" collectionCode="MGU" county="All" location="Lake Kadysh" municipality="Three" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" specimenCode="ML 185" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Moscow" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF49FC00FEA5FBAC" bold="true" box="[199,326,1012,1038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
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<typeStatus id="54E00180FF88FFDDFF49FC00FEA2FBAC" box="[199,321,1012,1038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCounty id="6285C7AEFF88FFDDFEC2FC00FE93FBAC" box="[332,368,1012,1038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">All</collectingCounty>
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specimens, except
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<typeStatus id="54E00180FF88FFDDFDC9FC00FD4FFBAC" box="[583,684,1012,1038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, enumerated below.
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B802558FF88FFDDFC01FC00FC33FBAC" box="[911,976,1012,1038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Three</collectingMunicipality>
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||
of them from
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||
<location id="8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFBE1FC00FAE0FBAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49:8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFBE1FC00FAE0FBAC" box="[1135,1283,1012,1038]" county="All" municipality="Three" name="Lake Kadysh" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" stateProvince="Moscow">Lake Kadysh</location>
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are deposited in
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<location id="8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFF3AFBECFE75FB91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49:8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFF3AFBECFE75FB91" box="[180,406,1048,1075]" county="All" municipality="Three" name="Zoological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" stateProvince="Moscow">Zoological Museum</location>
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||
of
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||
<collectingRegion id="499F71C0FF88FFDDFE32FBEDFDB8FB90" box="[444,603,1048,1075]" country="Russia" name="Moscow" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Moscow State</collectingRegion>
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||
<location id="8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFDECFBECFD3BFB90" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49:8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFDECFBECFD3BFB90" box="[610,728,1048,1074]" county="All" municipality="Three" name="University" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" stateProvince="Moscow">University</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4A27E7FF88FFDDFD69FBECFCC9FB90" box="[743,810,1048,1074]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">MGU</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFD1759FF88FFDDFCBFFBEDFC6CFB90" box="[817,911,1047,1075]" collectionCode="ML" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">ML 185</specimenCode>
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||
); others in author’s collection
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF49FBCFFD0BFB3C" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF49FBCFFE57FBF4" bold="true" box="[199,436,1083,1110]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B33B57FFF88FFDDFE30FBCFFF31FBD8" collectingDate="2008-07" collectorName="E. I. Zuykova" country="Russia" latitude="52.59833" location="Lake Kadysh" longLatPrecision="17" longitude="97.063614" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tyva">
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||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFE30FBCFFD8FFBF4" bold="true" box="[446,620,1083,1110]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34CFFB2FF88FFDDFE30FBCFFDECFBF4" box="[446,527,1083,1110]" name="Russia" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="499F71C0FF88FFDDFD90FBC8FDBAFBF4" box="[542,601,1084,1110]" country="Russia" name="Tyva" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Tyva</collectingRegion>
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||
(
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
coll.
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||
<collectorName id="26AEDAF4FF88FFDDFD29FBC9FCDCFBF5" box="[679,831,1084,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">E.I. Zuykova</collectorName>
|
||
): 1)
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||
<location id="8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFCF2FBC8FBF7FBF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F20E34FF88FFD7FF19FD65FAA5FB49:8E84E9F9FF88FFDDFCF2FBC8FBF7FBF4" box="[892,1044,1084,1110]" country="Russia" latitude="52.59833" longLatPrecision="17" longitude="97.063614" name="Lake Kadysh" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" stateProvince="Tyva">Lake Kadysh</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FD9E5FF88FFDDFBA9FBCFFB5CFBF5" box="[1063,1215,1083,1111]" degrees="52" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" precision="15" seconds="54" value="52.59833">52°35’54’’ N</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FD9E5FF88FFDDFB41FBC8FAB5FBF5" box="[1231,1366,1084,1111]" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="3" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" precision="15" seconds="49" value="97.063614">97°3’49’’ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE599E2FF88FFDDFAE0FBC8FF31FBD8" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" value="2008-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA1600AFF88FFDDFAE0FBC8FF31FBD8" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" value="2008-07">July 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, 40 ad, 10 juv; 2) Lake Er-Kara-Hol (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FD9E5FF88FFDDFDFDFBABFCEBFBD9" box="[627,776,1119,1147]" degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" precision="15" seconds="56" value="51.415558">51°24’56’’ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FD9E5FF88FFDDFC9AFB94FC46FBD9" box="[788,933,1120,1147]" degrees="89" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" precision="15" seconds="13" value="89.48694">89°29’13’’ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE599E2FF88FFDDFC37FB94FBA6FBD8" box="[953,1093,1120,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" value="2004-07-07">July 7, 2004</date>
|
||
, 13 ad, 3 juv; 3) Lake Shuram- Hol (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FD9E5FF88FFDDFF5FFB77FE84FB3D" box="[209,359,1155,1183]" degrees="52" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" precision="15" seconds="25" value="52.690277">52°41’25’’ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FD9E5FF88FFDDFEFDFB70FE14FB3D" box="[371,503,1156,1183]" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" precision="15" seconds="0" value="96.78333">96°47’0’’ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE599E2FF88FFDDFD85FB70FD45FB3C" box="[523,678,1156,1182]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" value="2004-07-19">July 19, 2004</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5D74ABFF88FFDDFD3FFB70FD0BFB3C" box="[689,744,1156,1182]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="generic">1juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF40FB5DFAB6FB60" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" box="[206,1365,1192,1219]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
|
||
Data on body and body parts measurements of specimens of some populations are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D98A99FF88FFDDFB75FB5CFAACFB60" box="[1275,1359,1192,1218]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,1306,1330]" captionText="TABLE 1. Data on body and body parts measurements of the representatives of Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov." pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C341ECA9FF88FFD7FF49FB3FFD49FCFD" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF49FB3FFEECF935" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF49FB3FFE22FB44" bold="true" box="[199,449,1227,1254]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Description. Female.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFE45FB38FC56FB44" box="[459,949,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">General body appearance and segmentation.</emphasis>
|
||
Body elongated and divided into four parts: head, thorax, abdomen, and postabdomen with long caudal process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF88FFDDFCE0FB04FBE3FAA8" box="[878,1024,1264,1290]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Figs. 1A, 1M</figureCitation>
|
||
). Its longitudinal axis is conspicuously incurved when head is sometimes located at almost right angle to the thorax.Also highly movable abdomen can be either at straight line with the thorax or stays at different angles to it. Head large with rounded anterior part filled by the enormously developed compound eye and bearing small antennules ventrally. Posterior part of head bearing long swimming antennae and mouth parts consisting of mandibles, maxillules (mx I), and upper lip (labrum). Thorax with strongly developed muscular ventral side bearing four pairs of thoracic limbs of different size directed antero-ventrally. Dorsally, thorax bears sacklike carapace transformed into brood pouch sometimes reaching large size. Abdomen (metasome) is elongated, cylindrical, inconspicuously three-segmented (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC2D3FF88FFDDFDD2FA18FCD2F9A4" author="Korovchinsky, N. M." box="[604,817,1515,1542]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref19007" refString="Korovchinsky, N. M. (2015) Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederstromii Schodler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860. Zootaxa, 3955 (1), 1 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3955.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Korovchinsky 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and flexible, connected with small postabdomen, bearing ventrally a pair of straight claws and posteriorly very long straight caudal process with a pair of similar claws proximally. General body length of females (without caudal process) may reach
|
||
<quantity id="4CA312C7FF88FFDDFCFEF9C0FC2CF9ED" box="[880,975,1588,1615]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
(in the examined specimens it ranges from
|
||
<quantity id="4CA312C7FF88FFDDFF19F9ACFEA8F9D1" box="[151,331,1624,1651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.7">1.70 to 2.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
) while the length of caudal process may surpass the body length in 1.5–2.5 times (on average, in about two times).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF49F954FAAFF8A0" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF49F954FEEBF918" box="[199,264,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparatively very large (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF88FFDDFDA5F954FD9EF918" box="[555,637,1696,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and subdivided into two parts: rounded anterior part mostly filled by large compound eye, and posterior part bearing dorsally a large saddle-shaped neckorgan, swimming antennae and mouth parts. Large pigment spot occupies about one-third or, at most, half of the eye’s volume. Ocellus (naupliar eye) is absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF88FFDDFF49F8F8FB76F831" blockId="2.[151,1437,832,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF88FFDDFF49F8F8FEA7F884" box="[199,324,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Antennules.</emphasis>
|
||
Small and situated on the ventral side of the anterior head part beneath the eye. They are bulbous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF88FFDDFACAF8F8FA70F884" box="[1348,1427,1804,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and sit on the joined basis slightly split anteriorly. Terminally they bear five regular aesthetascs in two groups, with three and two in each one, and one shorter and thinner aesthetasc-like structure, situated in the group with two regular aesthetascs, and having slightly widened apical end (“accessory simple seta” according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC2D3FF88FFDDFC45F88CFB72F831" author="Scourfield, D. J." box="[971,1169,1912,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" pagination="280 - 288" refId="ref21451" refString="Scourfield, D. J. (1896) The olfactory setae of the Cladocera. Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club, Series 2, 6, 280 - 288." type="journal article" year="1896">Scourfield (1896))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF24EFAAFF89FFDCFF19F8A6FBBBF858" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="444" startId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" targetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF89FFDCFF19F8A6FBBBF858" blockId="3.[151,1437,1874,2043]" pageId="3" pageNumber="444">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF89FFDCFF19F8A6FEF6F8C9" bold="true" box="[151,277,1874,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="444">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF89FFDCFE93F8A7FDA8F8C9" authority="Korovchinsky, 2020" authorityName="Korovchinsky" authorityYear="2020" box="[285,587,1875,1899]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralasiaticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF89FFDCFE93F8A7FDA8F8C9" box="[285,587,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="444">Bythotrephes centralasiaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21CDE4BFF89FFDCFDDDF8A7FD44F8C8" box="[595,679,1875,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="444" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF89FFDCFDDDF8A7FD43F8C9" bold="true" box="[595,672,1875,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="444">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8EFFDBFF49FF6DFF12FE0D" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8EFFDBFF49FF6DFE51FF11" box="[199,434,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Swimming antennae.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparatively long, with elongated cylindrical basipodite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFBD9FF6DFB09FF11" box="[1111,1258,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Figs. 1A, 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Of two antennal branches, the lower three-segmented one (endopodite), sitting on the apical basipodital prominence, is slightly longer than upper branch. The upper branch is four-segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFCD8FF15FC4FFF59" box="[854,940,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Proximalmost segment of the upper branch is rudimentary and clearly visible only externally; all other segments of both branches are much more developed. Small proximalmost segment of upper branch lacks setae, while other segments possess two-segmented swimming setae of more or less similar size except distalmost of them which are shorter. All setae bilaterally armed with rows of uniform thin setulae. General formula of antennal setae: 0–1–2–5/1–1–5 (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC2D3FF8EFFDBFBB5FE84FACDFE28" author="Korovchinsky, N. M." box="[1083,1326,367,394]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref19007" refString="Korovchinsky, N. M. (2015) Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederstromii Schodler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860. Zootaxa, 3955 (1), 1 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3955.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Korovchinsky (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for more details).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8EFFDBFF49FE4CFE61FCFE" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8EFFDBFF49FE4CFEB8FE70" box="[199,347,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Mouth parts.</emphasis>
|
||
They are represented by upper lip (labrum), mandibles, and maxillules (maxilla I). The upper lip is composed of two parts: the posterior thick and slightly flattened triangular lobe and anterior large proboscislike outgrowth. The latter is separated from the former one by a deep indention of the cuticle. The triangular lobe bears numerous papillae along its posterior-interior (oral) margin while the outgrowth is armed with tiny spinules. Mandibles are bilobed and adapted for biting (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFD10FDB3FD1BFDC3" box="[670,760,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1905,1930]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, distal part of mandible (a group of broken minute spinules is arrowed). B, anterior mandibular lobe (mandibular process). C, prominences of mandibular process. D, proximal part of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl II. F, the same one of tl III. Scale bars: 5µm (C), 10 µm (B, E, F), 25µm (A), 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887749/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a toothed, blade-like posterior lobe and small anterior lobe (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8EFFDBFF59FD9FFE56FD27" box="[215,437,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">mandibular process</emphasis>
|
||
) armored with a cluster of about 20 long outgrowths, slightly differing in size and bearing some prominences distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFE59FD7BFD8FFD0B" box="[471,620,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1905,1930]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, distal part of mandible (a group of broken minute spinules is arrowed). B, anterior mandibular lobe (mandibular process). C, prominences of mandibular process. D, proximal part of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl II. F, the same one of tl III. Scale bars: 5µm (C), 10 µm (B, E, F), 25µm (A), 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887749/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Figs. 3B, 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior lobe is strongly sclerotized and divided in two tooth-shaped parts, the larger (posterior) of which has a small additional tooth about midway along its border (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFB5FFD47FAC8FD6F" box="[1233,1323,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1905,1930]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, distal part of mandible (a group of broken minute spinules is arrowed). B, anterior mandibular lobe (mandibular process). C, prominences of mandibular process. D, proximal part of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl II. F, the same one of tl III. Scale bars: 5µm (C), 10 µm (B, E, F), 25µm (A), 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887749/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior side of large sclerotized lobe possesses a group of minute spinules which often might be broken (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFB43FD23FAC6FD53" box="[1229,1317,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1905,1930]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, distal part of mandible (a group of broken minute spinules is arrowed). B, anterior mandibular lobe (mandibular process). C, prominences of mandibular process. D, proximal part of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl II. F, the same one of tl III. Scale bars: 5µm (C), 10 µm (B, E, F), 25µm (A), 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887749/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrowed). Maxillules (mx I) look like two cylindrical structures situated posterior to mandibles. Distally, they bear short central seta and some spinules near it. Maxillae (mx II) are absent; the opening of maxillar glands are situated near the bases of tl I laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8EFFDBFF49FC93FB44FC6A" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8EFFDBFF49FC93FEDEFC23" box="[199,317,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Carapace.</emphasis>
|
||
It looks like a bag-like structure, strongly modified into closed brood pouch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFB20FC92FAE6FC22" box="[1198,1285,870,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
) widely connected in its base with dorsal side of thorax. It may be often well developed and massive being filled by large embryos and clearly inclined anteriorly over the head. Its length can reach 75 % of body length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8EFFDBFF49FC26FAA2FB3D" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8EFFDBFF49FC26FE9AFC4E" box="[199,377,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Thoracic limbs.</emphasis>
|
||
Four pairs of strongly chitinized, stenopodous limbs are densely situated along the muscular ventral side of thorax and directed antero-ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFD65FC02FCA5FBB2" box="[747,838,1014,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). All of them have complex and variously setaceous armament along their inner side. Limbs of three anterior pairs are five-segmented and those of the last fourth pair are three-segmented. Protopodites of all of them, covered by comparatively softer cuticle, are inconspicuously delimited into two parts (segments), coxa and basis, while the endopodites of limbs of three anterior pairs are composed of three well developed segments, being those ones of the fourth pair unisegmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFBC0FB71FAD1FB3D" box="[1102,1330,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Figs. 1E, 1J, 1K, 1L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8EFFDBFF49FB5DFC74F91B" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8EFFDBFF49FB5DFEB1FB61" box="[199,338,1193,1219]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Trunk limb I</emphasis>
|
||
(tl I) especially long and strong, its length rarely exceed body length (up to 107.0 % of its length) but usually shorter (71.0–97.0 % of body length) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D98A99FF8EFFDBFD52FB39FCD0FB45" box="[732,819,1229,1255]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,1306,1330]" captionText="TABLE 1. Data on body and body parts measurements of the representatives of Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov." pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Terminally, the inner side of its protopodite bears a small triangular lobe, pseudognathobasic process (see the explanation of the term in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC2D3FF8EFFDBFBDEFB05FAAFFAA9" author="Korovchinsky, N. M." box="[1104,1356,1264,1291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref19007" refString="Korovchinsky, N. M. (2015) Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederstromii Schodler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860. Zootaxa, 3955 (1), 1 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3955.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Korovchinsky (2015))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, armed laterally and distally with two outgrowths with apical setae and numerous spinules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFBDEFAE1FB45FA8D" box="[1104,1190,1301,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The external part of protopodite is longer than internal one and bears apically a small conical outgrowth. The first segment of endopodite is long and bears 5–6 anterior lateral setae (their number on limbs of one individual can vary) with two rows of posterior rough incurved spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFD8BFA74FDB1FA38" box="[517,594,1408,1434]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFDD3FA74FD63FA38" box="[605,640,1408,1434]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). Setae of endopodite: A, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I; B, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl III; C, armament of anterior subterminal seta of tl II; D, thoracic limb of fourth pair (es = external setae). Scale bars: 2.5 µm (B), 5 µm (A), 10 µm (C), 25 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887751/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and an anterior row of fine setulae. Distally, this segment bears shorter anterior seta of the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E00180FF8EFFDBFE24FA51FE39FA1D" box="[426,474,1445,1471]" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and long posterior finely setulated seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFC14FA50FC0DFA1C" box="[922,1006,1444,1470]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The second segment of endopodite is conspicuously shorter and bears only two apical setae similar to those on the end of previous segment but shorter, its size varies; sometimes longer posterior seta may be either rather short or absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFBAFFA18FB2FF9A4" box="[1057,1228,1516,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 1E, 1H, 1I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFB56FA18FB1AF9A4" box="[1240,1273,1516,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The terminal third segment of endopodite varies in length, being mostly shorter than proximal first endopodital segment (usually 65.0–87.0 % of the latter one but sometimes it may be longer being either almost equal or even slightly surpassing the first segment (90.0–103.0 %)), and always bears apically four long roughly spinulated setae, two of them terminally and two subterminally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFE6CF98FFDD8F937" box="[482,571,1659,1685]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Basally, these setae are armed by a row of smaller spines, while distally by larger lanceolate spines situated in two rows and directed terminally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8EFFDAFF40F937FE35FEC5" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2045]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,153,359]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="446" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8EFFDBFF40F937FE81F97F" box="[206,354,1731,1757]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Trunk limb II</emphasis>
|
||
(tl II) is considerably shorter, its protopodite, again externally, is conspicuously longer and bears a small conical outgrowth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFE42F913FDDEF8A3" box="[460,573,1767,1793]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Figs. 1J, 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D-left, 3D-upper). The first, basal segment of its endopodite, bears a row of 5–6 rather long anterior lateral setae (their number also can vary in one individual) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFBC8F8FFFB41F887" box="[1094,1186,1803,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Figs. 1J</figureCitation>
|
||
: as, 2H). The terminal setae of the segment are different; the anterior one is shorter and roughly armored, while posterior one is longer and finely setulated. Internally, this segment bears stout cylindrical pseudognathobasic process, possessing some prominences of different size, one small, thin seta, and a pore apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFC21F882FBE5F833" box="[943,1030,1910,1937]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1905,1930]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, distal part of mandible (a group of broken minute spinules is arrowed). B, anterior mandibular lobe (mandibular process). C, prominences of mandibular process. D, proximal part of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl II. F, the same one of tl III. Scale bars: 5µm (C), 10 µm (B, E, F), 25µm (A), 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887749/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The second segment of endopodite is short with only two setae, the anterior of which (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFD5AF86EFCC2F816" box="[724,801,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
|
||
) is similar to anterior terminal seta of previous segment, while the posterior seta is longer and finely setulated. The distal, third segment of endopodite of the limb bears four setae, two terminal setae and two subterminal ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8EFFDBFD6AF816FCD7F85E" box="[740,820,2018,2044]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="445">Fig. 1J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Of the latter, the anterior seta is comparatively short, thick and armed with a number of thin lateral denticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8FFFDAFCAEFF6DFC65FF11" box="[800,902,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Figs. 2K</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8FFFDAFC1DFF6DFC54FF11" box="[915,951,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). Setae of endopodite: A, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I; B, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl III; C, armament of anterior subterminal seta of tl II; D, thoracic limb of fourth pair (es = external setae). Scale bars: 2.5 µm (B), 5 µm (A), 10 µm (C), 25 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887751/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
), while its distal end is naked and slightly hooked apically. Its neighboring posterior subterminal seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8FFFDAFCA1FF49FC69FF75" box="[815,906,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 2M</figureCitation>
|
||
) is considerably longer and similar to subterminal and terminal setae of tl I, having similar spine armament and sharp apex. The anterior terminal seta is thick and comparatively short with longitudinal ribs, few thin lateral denticles, and slightly hooked apical end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8FFFDAFA85FEF1FABEFEBD" box="[1291,1373,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
|
||
). The posterior terminal seta is similar to the neighboring anterior one but longer, it has few lateral denticles and slightly hooked apical end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8FFFDAFEFCFEB9FE29FEC5" box="[370,458,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 2L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF24EFAAFF8FFFDAFF19F8CDFDA2F843" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" startId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" targetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8FFFDAFF19F8CDFDA2F843" blockId="5.[151,1437,1849,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8FFFDAFF19F8CDFEF6F8F0" bold="true" box="[151,277,1849,1874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF8FFFDAFE90F8CEFDAEF8F0" authority="Korovchinsky, 2020" authorityName="Korovchinsky" authorityYear="2020" box="[286,589,1850,1874]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralasiaticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8FFFDAFE90F8CEFDAEF8F0" box="[286,589,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Bythotrephes centralasiaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21CDE4BFF8FFFDAFDD8F8CEFD49F8F3" box="[598,682,1850,1874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8FFFDAFDD8F8CEFD47F8F0" bold="true" box="[598,676,1850,1874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF24EFAAFF8CFFD9FF19F885FCEDF854" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887749" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3887749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887749/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" startId="6.[151,250,1905,1930]" targetBox="[216,1371,181,1879]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8CFFD9FF19F885FCEDF854" blockId="6.[151,1437,1905,2038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8CFFD9FF19F885FEF0F828" bold="true" box="[151,275,1905,1930]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF8CFFD9FE97F886FDA5F828" authority="Korovchinsky, 2020" authorityName="Korovchinsky" authorityYear="2020" box="[281,582,1906,1930]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralasiaticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8CFFD9FE97F886FDA5F828" box="[281,582,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Bythotrephes centralasiaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21CDE4BFF8CFFD9FDC3F886FD7CF82B" box="[589,671,1906,1930]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8CFFD9FDC3F886FD7BF828" bold="true" box="[589,664,1906,1930]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, distal part of mandible (a group of broken minute spinules is arrowed). B, anterior mandibular lobe (mandibular process). C, prominences of mandibular process. D, proximal part of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl II. F, the same one of tl III. Scale bars: 5µm (C), 10 µm (B, E, F), 25µm (A), 100 µm (D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8DFFD8FF49FF6DFDE6FEC5" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8DFFD8FF49FF6DFE80FF11" box="[199,355,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Trunk limb III</emphasis>
|
||
(tl III) is generally similar to the previous ones, differing in some details. The external outgrowth of its protopodite is conspicuously larger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FDF8FF49FD5CFF75" box="[630,703,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D– right, 3D-lower) and lateral anterior setae of first segment of endopodite are fewer (3–4) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FE59FF15FDD3FF59" box="[471,560,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 1K</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FDB5FF15FDBCFF59" box="[571,607,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). Setae of endopodite: A, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I; B, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl III; C, armament of anterior subterminal seta of tl II; D, thoracic limb of fourth pair (es = external setae). Scale bars: 2.5 µm (B), 5 µm (A), 10 µm (C), 25 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887751/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distal setae of the segment are similar to other ones. The pseudognathobasic process is also similar to that one of tl II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FD24FEF1FD1CFEBD" box="[682,767,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1905,1930]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[216,1371,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, distal part of mandible (a group of broken minute spinules is arrowed). B, anterior mandibular lobe (mandibular process). C, prominences of mandibular process. D, proximal part of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl II. F, the same one of tl III. Scale bars: 5µm (C), 10 µm (B, E, F), 25µm (A), 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887749/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Of setae of the second segment, the anterior one is similar to the respective one of tl II. Terminal and subterminal setae of third segment are similar to those of tl II but slightly shorter and bear fewer denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8DFFD8FF49FE85FA61FDB9" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8DFFD8FF49FE85FE80FE29" box="[199,355,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Trunk limb IV</emphasis>
|
||
(tl IV) is considerably reduced; its protopodite bears slightly spinulated seta sited on a short cylindrical base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FEB5FE61FE78FE0D" box="[315,411,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Figs. 1L</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FE28FE61FE2EFE0D" box="[422,461,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). Setae of endopodite: A, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I; B, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl III; C, armament of anterior subterminal seta of tl II; D, thoracic limb of fourth pair (es = external setae). Scale bars: 2.5 µm (B), 5 µm (A), 10 µm (C), 25 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887751/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The only segment of endopodite has two rows of comparatively short spine-like setae. The external row (group) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FE4DFE4DFDC0FE71" box="[451,547,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Figs. 1L</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FDBEFE4DFDB4FE71" box="[560,599,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). Setae of endopodite: A, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I; B, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl III; C, armament of anterior subterminal seta of tl II; D, thoracic limb of fourth pair (es = external setae). Scale bars: 2.5 µm (B), 5 µm (A), 10 µm (C), 25 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887751/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
: es) always consists of two setae, and the internal row of 5–7 setae, which differ in their appearance and armament. Almost the whole internal part of the endopodital segment is occupied by the reduced pseudognathobasic process, also having a pore and armed by some denticles and thin seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF8DFFD8FA94FDF5FA96FDB9" box="[1306,1397,513,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,561,1822]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). Setae of endopodite: A, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I; B, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl III; C, armament of anterior subterminal seta of tl II; D, thoracic limb of fourth pair (es = external setae). Scale bars: 2.5 µm (B), 5 µm (A), 10 µm (C), 25 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887751/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF24EFAAFF8DFFD8FF19F8C3FE63F81E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887751" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3887751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887751/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" startId="7.[151,250,1847,1872]" targetBox="[151,1436,561,1822]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF8DFFD8FF19F8C3FE63F81E" blockId="7.[151,1436,1847,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8DFFD8FF19F8C3FEF7F8F2" bold="true" box="[151,276,1847,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF8DFFD8FE92F8C3FDA8F8ED" authority="Korovchinsky, 2020" authorityName="Korovchinsky" authorityYear="2020" box="[284,587,1847,1871]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralasiaticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8DFFD8FE92F8C3FDA8F8ED" box="[284,587,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Bythotrephes centralasiaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21CDE4BFF8DFFD8FDDCF8CCFD45F8ED" box="[594,678,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF8DFFD8FDDCF8CCFD7CF8F2" bold="true" box="[594,671,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). Setae of endopodite: A, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I; B, armament of anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl III; C, armament of anterior subterminal seta of tl II; D, thoracic limb of fourth pair (es = external setae). Scale bars: 2.5 µm (B), 5 µm (A), 10 µm (C), 25 µm (D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF82FFD7FF49FF6DFB6FFF75" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FF49FF6DFED2FF11" box="[199,305,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(metasoma) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF82FFD7FE47FF6DFDFCFF11" box="[457,543,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
) is often deformed. It is inconspicuously delimited in two segments, short proximal and long distal, sometimes with prominent fold more or less in the middle dorsal side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF82FFD7FF49FF15FC1DFEC5" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FF5AFF15FE9FFF59" box="[212,380,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Postabdomen”</emphasis>
|
||
, actually consisting of two parts; the last small abdominal segment and postabdomen
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FAD9FF16FA7FFF59" box="[1367,1436,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">per se</emphasis>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC2D3FF82FFD7FF45FEF1FE2BFEBD" author="Korovchinsky, N. M." box="[203,456,260,287]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref19007" refString="Korovchinsky, N. M. (2015) Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederstromii Schodler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860. Zootaxa, 3955 (1), 1 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3955.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Korovchinsky (2015))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, is comparatively small, and the anal opening is situated between postabdominal claws. The latter ones are of moderate size (4.7–9.7 % of body length), usually straight and directed slightly backwards, sometimes with apex curved slightly forward (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF82FFD7FD2FFEB9FCE7FEC5" box="[673,772,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF82FFD7FC9EFEB9FC12FEC5" box="[784,1009,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF82FFD7FF49FE85FACEFD25" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FF49FE85FE94FE29" box="[199,375,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Caudal process</emphasis>
|
||
is directly connected with postabdomen and proceeds as a very long, proximally rather thick, then thin, straight spine-like structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF82FFD7FDDCFE61FD0FFE0D" box="[594,748,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Figs. 1A, 1M</figureCitation>
|
||
) variable in its length (148.0–253.0 % of body length), thus surpassing the body length in one and a half—two and a half times. Generally, the caudal process is strongly chitinized and its surface is covered by numerous minute spinules. Basally, caudal process always bears one pair of claws similar to those of postabdomen but on average slightly larger (4.7–10.6 % of body length), and apically two minute setae arose from common base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF82FFD7FDECFDD1FD5CFD9D" box="[610,703,549,575]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1849,1874]" captionTargetBox="[203,1381,394,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1395,381,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia) (C–E, H–M); Lake Er- Kara-Hol (A, B, F, G). A–E, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. F, apical setae of second segment of tl I. G, apical setae of caudal process. Setae of endopodite: H, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl II; I, anterior lateral seta of first segment of tl I and second segment of tl II; J, anterior terminal seta of tl II; K, anterior subterminal seta of tl II; L, posterior terminal seta of tl II; M, posterior subterminal seta of tl II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887747/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pairs of claws usually sit rather closely (12,0–22.6 % of body length). Between them, the thickness of the structure constitutes 3.2–6.4 % of body length. Borders separating old molted integuments of caudal process with claws normally are conspicuous. Body length 1,70–2,30 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF82FFD7FF49FD64FCD0FD09" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,1259]" box="[199,819,656,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FF49FD64FE26FD09" bold="true" box="[199,453,656,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Gamogenetic females</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FE72FD65FDA3FD09" bold="true" box="[508,576,657,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">males</emphasis>
|
||
have not been found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF82FFD7FF49FD41FD49FCFD" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FF49FD41FD72FD6D" bold="true" box="[199,657,692,719]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Intra- and interpopulation variability.</emphasis>
|
||
According to data of
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D98A99FF82FFD7FC05FD41FC3CFD6D" box="[907,991,693,719]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,1306,1330]" captionText="TABLE 1. Data on body and body parts measurements of the representatives of Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov." pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
, the individuals from Lake Kadysh are smaller than those from Lake Er-Kara-Hol. Also, the former ones have shorter caudal process, smaller interclaw distance, and longer distal segment of tl I. The length of claws, interclaw distance, and interclaw thickness are the most variable parameters. Body structure parameters of juvenile specimens do not differ from those of adults but apical setae of segments of their tl I are shorter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C341ECA9FF82FFD7FF49FC9DFF03FC69" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF82FFD7FF49FC9DFF03FC69" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FF49FC9DFED8FC21" bold="true" box="[199,315,873,899]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In the neighboring
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499F71C0FF82FFD7FDADFC9DFDB8FC21" box="[547,603,873,899]" country="Russia" name="Tyva" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Tyva</collectingRegion>
|
||
lakes, Borzu-Khol’ and Todzha (Azas), the interspecific hybrid form
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FA0AFC9EFEA9FC05" authorityName="Korovchinsky" authorityYear="2020" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralasiaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FA0AFC9EFEA9FC05" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. centralasiaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
x
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FEE9FC7AFDF7FC05" authorityName="Schodler" authorityYear="1863" box="[359,532,909,935]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cederstromii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FEE9FC7AFDF7FC05" box="[359,532,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. cederströmii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FDBEFC79FD20FC05" authorityName="Leydig" authorityYear="1860" box="[560,707,909,935]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FDBEFC79FD20FC05" box="[560,707,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Bythotrephes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. x
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FC89FC7AFC57FC05" authorityName="Schodler" authorityYear="1863" box="[775,948,909,935]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cederstromii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FC89FC7AFC57FC05" box="[775,948,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. cederströmii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”) was previously found (see Korovchinsky 2019).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C341ECA9FF82FFD7FF49FC20FAA5FB49" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE4BF22FF82FFD7FF49FC20FAA5FB49" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FF49FC20FE32FC4D" bold="true" box="[199,465,980,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Generally, the representatives of the new species are especially close to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FA0AFC22FEF9FBB1" authorityName="Leydig, Grindsjo" authorityYear="1860" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FA0AFC22FEF9FBB1" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having long tl I, straight caudal process, and only two pairs of claws, one on postabdomen and one on caudal process. Adult females of all other species of the genus possess either two or three pairs of such claws. At the same time, the former are on average smaller (body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CA312C7FF82FFD7FCAEFBB5FC21FBF9" box="[800,962,1089,1115]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.7">1.70–2.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FC49FBB6FC3AFBF9" box="[967,985,1090,1115]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">v.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CA312C7FF82FFD7FC50FBB5FB63FBF9" box="[990,1152,1089,1115]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.18" metricValueMin="1.62" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="3.18" valueMin="1.62">1.62–3.18 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FB2EFBB6FAA2FBF9" authorityName="Leydig, Grindsjo" authorityYear="1860" box="[1184,1345,1089,1115]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FB2EFBB6FAA2FBF9" box="[1184,1345,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) having shorter caudal process (148–263 % of body length
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FD58FB92FD04FBDD" box="[726,743,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">v.</emphasis>
|
||
186–301 % in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FC1AFB92FBD4FBDD" authorityName="Leydig, Grindsjo" authorityYear="1860" box="[916,1079,1125,1151]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FC1AFB92FBD4FBDD" box="[916,1079,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The main difference concerns apical setae of second endopodital segment of tl I which are fairly long in the new species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1360A3A7FF82FFD7FB0DFB7DFB5CFB01" box="[1155,1215,1161,1187]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1874,1899]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,192,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1370,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bythotrephes centralasiaticus sp. nov., females, Lake Kadysh (Tyva, Southern Siberia). A, general lateral view. B, antennula. C, branches of swimming antenna. D, distal end of protopodites of tl II and tl III, outer side. E, first and second endopodital segments of tl I. F, distal part of protopodite of tl I with a pseudognathobasic process. G, apical setae of first segment of tl I. H, I, apical setae of second segment of tl I. J, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II) (as—anterior setae). K, thoracic limb of third pair (tl III). L, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) (es—external setae). M, caudal process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3887745/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
E–H) and rudimentary or even absent in
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FE1DFB5AFDDEFB65" box="[403,573,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FE1DFB5AFDDAFB65" authorityName="Leydig, Grindsjo" authorityYear="1860" box="[403,569,1197,1223]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimanus">B. longimanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The representatives of the hybrid form
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FC71FB5AFB31FB65" authorityName="Korovchinsky" authorityYear="2020" box="[1023,1234,1197,1223]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralasiaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FC71FB5AFB31FB65" box="[1023,1234,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. centralasiaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
x
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC4A1FF82FFD7FB61FB5AFA7EFB65" authorityName="Schodler" authorityYear="1863" box="[1263,1437,1197,1223]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Cercopagidae" genus="Bythotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cederstromii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92F6330FF82FFD7FB61FB5AFA7EFB65" box="[1263,1437,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. cederströmii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those of a new species by presence of caudal process with a denticulated bend in some of them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |