184 lines
14 KiB
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184 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.1038222" ID-GBIF-Dataset="03a0789d-7fee-4fbf-8948-c3212116c981" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1038222" checkinTime="1497972974004" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Osborn, H. F." docDate="1905" docId="03CD8786FF96FFED3A82F9C57DDCF68A" docLanguage="en" docName="Osborn1905_ Tyrannosaurus and other cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs (done).imf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 21" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Dynamosaurus imperiosus Osborn, 1905, gen. et sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="29" lastPageNumber="264" masterDocId="FFF4FFFEFF92FFE83B0BFF80796EFFAA" masterDocTitle="Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs" masterLastPageNumber="265" masterPageNumber="259" pageNumber="263" updateTime="1673868271368" updateUser="jeremy">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Osborn, H. F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>1905</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>259</mods:start>
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<mods:end>265</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.1038222</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">03a0789d-7fee-4fbf-8948-c3212116c981</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1038222</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4561868" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157137255" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4561868" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:18B498B5-C19E-4176-A628-657505122382" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD8786FF96FFED3A82F9C57DDCF68A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">
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<subSubSection box="[393,1176,1605,1641]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[393,1176,1605,1641]" box="[393,1176,1605,1641]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">
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<heading box="[393,1176,1605,1641]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="263" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[393,880,1605,1641]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dynamosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="4" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imperiosus" status="gen nov. et sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[393,880,1605,1641]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">Dynamosaurus imperiosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[893,1176,1605,1641]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="4" pageNumber="263" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[115,1422,1681,2323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3043784301" collectingDate="1900" collectionCode="American Museum of Natural History" collectorName="Barnum Brown" country="United States of America" county="Weston County" formation="Laramie" geologicalContext="Cretaceous" httpUri-0="http://research.amnh.org/paleontology/search.php?action=detail&specimen_id=48673 " httpUri-1="https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/5bda6356-b77a-41dc-9e6f-12b4fbe54cce/1568678400000 " location="Seven Mile Creek, six miles north of Cheyenne River" pageId="4" pageNumber="263" preparations="Numerous dermal plates and many parts of the skeleton" specimenCode="AMNH No. 5866" stateProvince="Wyoming" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis box="[180,268,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">
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<typeStatus box="[180,261,1681,1707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[280,305,1681,1707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">—</emphasis>
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Numerous dermal plates and many parts of the skeleton. Collection of 1900, American Museum No. 5866, from Seven Mile Creek, six miles north of Cheyenne River, Weston County,
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<collectingRegion box="[837,997,1764,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">
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<emphasis box="[837,997,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">Wyoming</emphasis>
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</collectingRegion>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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The
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<typeStatus box="[1120,1194,1764,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">type</typeStatus>
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of this skeleton was found
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<emphasis box="[367,405,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">by</emphasis>
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the American Museum expedition of 1900 under
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<emphasis box="[1221,1268,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">Mr</emphasis>
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. Barnum Brown, whose
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<emphasis box="[371,562,1846,1872]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">preliminary</emphasis>
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report was as follows:
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[975,989,1846,1872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">“</emphasis>
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It consists of lower
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<emphasis box="[1336,1412,1846,1872]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">jaws</emphasis>
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, having that large foramen characteristic of
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<emphasis box="[896,1109,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">
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<taxonomicName authority="Marsh, 1884" box="[896,1102,1887,1913]" class="Reptilia" family="Ceratosauridae" genus="Ceratosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="4" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ceratosaurus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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serrated teeth of uneven height joined by cartilage, not anchylosed. Concavo-concave and
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<emphasis box="[120,352,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">plano-concave</emphasis>
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vertebrae of lumbar-dorsal
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<emphasis box="[812,913,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">region</emphasis>
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are deeply excavated on sides and bottom
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<emphasis box="[331,421,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">rising</emphasis>
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to plane surface in
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<emphasis box="[777,877,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">region</emphasis>
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of canal; extremely hollow and as in
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<taxonomicName authority="Marsh, 1878" box="[210,401,2052,2078]" class="Reptilia" family="Camarasauridae" genus="Morosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="4" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[210,401,2052,2078]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">Morosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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not having
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<emphasis box="[619,717,2052,2078]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">spines</emphasis>
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and transverse processes united to centra. Sacral vertebrae 3
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[417,433,2092,2118]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">?</emphasis>
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Post-sacral vertebrae, of which seven were embedded in stone matrix, show plano-plano surfaces. Transverse processes united to centra. Nature of cervical vertebrae not determined. Ribs large, not greatly curved in dorsal
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<emphasis box="[410,513,2216,2242]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">region</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[538,676,2216,2242]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">tapering</emphasis>
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gradually to those of cervical
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<emphasis box="[1209,1312,2216,2242]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">region</emphasis>
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. But few chevrons were found, those of extreme length
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<emphasis box="[1011,1043,2257,2283]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">in</emphasis>
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proportion to size of vertebrae.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[270,287,2297,2323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="263">”</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[250,1550,312,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">
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<emphasis box="[309,591,312,338]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">Generic characters</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[596,623,312,338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">—</emphasis>
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Carnivorous dinosaurs with twelve to fifteen mandibular teeth
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<emphasis box="[349,380,353,379]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">of</emphasis>
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rounded to flattened form. Anterior truncate teeth reduced or
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">wanting</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[353,498,395,421]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">Irregular</emphasis>
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bony plates developed on the back or
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<emphasis box="[1143,1220,395,421]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">sides</emphasis>
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of the body.
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<emphasis box="[1462,1548,395,421]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">Alveolar</emphasis>
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partitions between the mandibular teeth extending upward into triangular plates on the inner sides of the
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<emphasis box="[773,846,478,504]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">jaws</emphasis>
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above the borders of dentaries.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[250,1550,312,544]" box="[308,1299,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">
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Specific
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<emphasis box="[448,610,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">characters.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[621,646,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">—</emphasis>
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Twelve to thirteen mandibular teeth.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1038226/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="264" targetBox="[299,1520,574,1042]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="264">
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Fig. 2. Inner surface of the left lower jaw of the type specimen of
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<emphasis box="[1177,1524,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">
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<taxonomicName authority="Osborn, 1905" box="[1177,1520,1067,1091]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dynamosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imperiosus">Dynamosaurus imperiosus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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1/8 nat. size.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[253,1556,1160,2336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">
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This animal is distinguished by the presence of superficial bony dermal plates which extended either along the dorsal or side lines of the body, by the reduction of the number of teeth, by the apparent absence of truncated anterior teeth, by the rounded rather than lenticular form of the teeth, by the presence of a row of triangular upgrowths of the dental alveoli on the inner sides of the jaws. In
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<taxonomicName authority="Leidy, 1856" box="[254,425,1460,1496]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[254,425,1460,1496]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">Deinodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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there will probably be found a larger number of teeth, and some of the anterior teeth of the jaw will be found to be truncated and serrate posteriorly as in
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<emphasis box="[708,910,1560,1596]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">
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<taxonomicName authority="Marsh, 1877" box="[708,905,1560,1596]" class="Reptilia" family="Allosauridae" genus="Allosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Allosaurus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[253,1556,1160,2336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">
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<emphasis box="[319,497,1607,1643]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">Dentition.</emphasis>
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— The species
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<taxonomicName authority="Osborn, 1905" box="[783,1031,1607,1643]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dynamosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imperiosus">
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<emphasis box="[783,1031,1607,1643]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">D. imperiosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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appears to be distinguished by the presence of from twelve to thirteen mandibular teeth. The inner view of the mandibular ramus (
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<figureCitation box="[959,1067,1707,1743]" captionStart="Fig. 2" captionStartId="5.[328,372,1067,1091]" captionTargetBox="[299,1520,574,1042]" captionText="Fig. 2. Inner surface of the left lower jaw of the type specimen of Dynamosaurus imperiosus. 1/8 nat. size." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1038226/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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) exhibits a small anterior alveolus for a vestigial tooth followed by twelve fully functional teeth, behind which there is another partially closed alveolus; thus there appear to have been two reduced and twelve functional teeth. The dentition is not homodont, every tooth differing slightly in its section and in the position of the serrate edges, also in size. The third functional tooth from the front is apparently the largest, the measurements of the
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<emphasis box="[538,649,2050,2086]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">crown</emphasis>
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being a. p. 43, tr. 33,
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<emphasis box="[1096,1176,2050,2086]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">vert</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity box="[1201,1341,2050,2086]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="82.0">82 mm</quantity>
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. The last functional tooth
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<emphasis box="[597,625,2100,2136]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">is</emphasis>
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decidedly smaller, the
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<emphasis box="[1107,1218,2100,2136]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">crown</emphasis>
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measuring a. p. 19, tr. 11, vert.
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<quantity box="[568,695,2154,2190]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[253,1556,1160,2336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">
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<emphasis box="[326,431,2199,2235]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">Jaws.</emphasis>
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— Between the teeth
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<emphasis box="[833,888,2199,2235]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">are</emphasis>
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a series
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<emphasis box="[1042,1078,2199,2235]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">of</emphasis>
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triangular osseous plates, which
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<emphasis box="[385,560,2250,2286]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">appear to</emphasis>
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be upward continuations
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<emphasis box="[1046,1156,2250,2286]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="264">of the</emphasis>
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alveolar walls which separate at the base from the edge of the dentary
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<subSection box="[1196,1202,2300,2336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="264" type="multiple">.</subSection>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |