182 lines
23 KiB
XML
182 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="CFD9F30EDD32B57CAD52B15715944B2B" ID-CLB-Dataset="26379" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4623.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e08d625a-f512-45c8-9cd2-a1069798ddab" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3258532" ID-ZooBank="6C8F0D4B-1830-4B87-ACA4-824C356FDA91" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1561648971225" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz" docDate="2019" docId="03A08710682BFFFC46EAF9BEE669497B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4623.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4623 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parahyadina Tonnoir and Malloch" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="409" masterDocId="FF99FF68682EFFF4467DFFBAE3574B18" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Shore-fly Genera Parahyadina Tonnoir and Malloch and New Zealand Hyadina Haliday (Diptera: Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="440" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="406" updateTime="1698737427717" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="E7A93AEAE7856EBDADE50F9EF2B787F8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="3451F46C75E07DE5A3D68577FDDE2E29">
|
||
<mods:title id="0E7277FFFF4298E0B02954B4C1E21524">Revision of the Shore-fly Genera Parahyadina Tonnoir and Malloch and New Zealand Hyadina Haliday (Diptera: Ephydridae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="8EF3D0A8ABB4E159F18E0E0C4AE90AB5" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4F90DFDFBC508D8EEC00FAFD03B04C3D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="9264BE1C4528E8B233C0BF1F424E0DE1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E0E7911F18826DCBC89A9A24A17ACFBE">Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="15FF5366782D6C3565D9DA0E0CC7717D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D20A52753ED999488A5FBB5A174EECD8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="8B1D7BC2B8BC2ED023B92B19CDC95FDD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="C6D2EA744FF7BA4196329D4EB60F9804">Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="8E4E8A5886728CE35330700117709F6D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="D87A0EA17430D1674E6821C7F870E5D0" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="7983ED66264CA78A69AFF8DA77C77EFD">
|
||
<mods:title id="22208AF1C8274ACF5E7595DF47C298F2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="1C33424D756E3568C33153FB1C58BBDE">
|
||
<mods:date id="BDC482AAF10464DA8A4E45E7CD939EA6">2019</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="FE6DCB8541FF61F8BF56160DC91E5AB8" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="36B4EBA765377232567B0DEC2F229246">2019-06-26</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D3E68973D71D646899AD0F499FBCAC2C" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="B674A504B6DABFB81DE057E64FABA12C">4623</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="03F07727A8E5B6EC323A7ED17418F634" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="7110CA286C9D27886A3B387E768267D8">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="6B71ABF84D88179F3B2A1531AB3B7B49" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="15EC2337364A99F0A4509B857601A155">401</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="BDC5630A307ABBE580C1D701E192D851">440</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="4A00D3E889DE257D70D3B10AB054C1EA">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="299A29B1ACB95F4D407430B0D576F24A" type="CLB-Dataset">26379</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="708CA9BDF63646FC4EFD0C14170AD606" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4623.3.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="26BAB5C07B1B1700C43ECC705314ECC0" type="GBIF-Dataset">e08d625a-f512-45c8-9cd2-a1069798ddab</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4742AAA2B8498A864DD723FE82873E7A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="91CE24B6A1BC12ABB723FB431EA3E200" type="Zenodo-Dep">3258532</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1ADCC4E96005C692ED3D297BFE4122EB" type="ZooBank">6C8F0D4B-1830-4B87-ACA4-824C356FDA91</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03A08710682BFFFC46EAF9BEE669497B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5944135" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158407583" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5944135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A08710682BFFFC46EAF9BEE669497B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A08710682BFFFC46EAF9BEE669497B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C313658D682BFFF146EAF9BEE1CD4D07" box="[151,666,1540,1567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB63606682BFFF146EAF9BEE1CD4D07" blockId="5.[151,666,1540,1567]" box="[151,666,1540,1567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<heading id="D0FE816A682BFFF146EAF9BEE1CD4D07" bold="true" box="[151,666,1540,1567]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA14682BFFF146EAF9BEE1CD4D07" bold="true" box="[151,666,1540,1567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D85682BFFF14693F9BEE1CD4D07" ID-CoL="63JVQ" authority="Tonnoir and Malloch" authorityName="Tonnoir and Malloch" box="[238,666,1540,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Parahyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA14682BFFF14693F9BEE2DD4D07" bold="true" box="[238,394,1540,1567]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Parahyadina</emphasis>
|
||
Tonnoir and Malloch
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C313658D682BFFF146EAF9F3E6784D87" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB63606682BFFF146EAF9F3E6784D87" blockId="5.[151,1437,1608,1695]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB191128682BFFF146EAF9F3E6784D87" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D85682BFFF146EAF9F3E10F4D79" ID-CoL="63JVQ" authority="Tonnoir and Malloch 1926: 17" authorityName="Tonnoir and Malloch" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,600,1608,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Parahyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA14682BFFF146EAF9F3E24C4D79" box="[151,283,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Parahyadina</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA81017682BFFF1475CF9F2E10F4D79" author="Tonnoir, A. L. & Malloch, J. R." box="[289,600,1608,1633]" page="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="1926">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984BF7682BFFF1475CF9F2E10F4D79" author="Tonnoir, A. L. & Malloch, J. R." box="[289,600,1608,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref24508" refString="Tonnoir, A. L. & Malloch, J. R. (1926) New Zealand Muscidae Acalyptratae. Part I. Ephydridae. Records of the Canterbury Museum, 3, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1926">Tonnoir and Malloch 1926: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B288A4682BFFF1441CF9F3E1C44D79" box="[609,659,1609,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D85682BFFF1448DF9F3E7B04D79" ID-CoL="4CX4M" authority="Tonnoir and Malloch 1926" authorityName="Tonnoir and Malloch" authorityYear="1926" box="[752,1255,1608,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Parahyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA14682BFFF1448DF9F3E0864D79" box="[752,977,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Parahyadina lacustris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984BF7682BFFF145AAF9F2E7B04D79" author="Tonnoir, A. L. & Malloch, J. R." box="[983,1255,1608,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref24508" refString="Tonnoir, A. L. & Malloch, J. R. (1926) New Zealand Muscidae Acalyptratae. Part I. Ephydridae. Records of the Canterbury Museum, 3, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1926">Tonnoir and Malloch 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, original designation.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984BF7682BFFF14771F9DDE1514D98" author="Harrison, R. A." box="[268,518,1639,1664]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 382" refId="ref23592" refString="Harrison, R. A. (1959) Acalypterate Diptera of New Zealand. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin, 128, 1 - 382." type="journal article" year="1959">Harrison 1959: 232–233</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[fauna of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7696682BFFF14413F9D2E1AE4D98" box="[622,761,1639,1664]" name="New Zealand" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
].—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA81017682BFFF14561F9DDE0874D98" author="Mathis, W. N." box="[796,976,1639,1664]" page="646" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984BF7682BFFF14561F9DDE0874D98" author="Mathis, W. N." box="[796,976,1639,1664]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="639 - 649" refId="ref23845" refString="Mathis, W. N. (1989) 66. Family Ephydridae. In: Evenhuis, N. L. (Ed.), Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions, B. P. Bishop Museum special publication 86. E. J. Brill, Honolulu and Leiden, pp. 639 - 649." type="book chapter" year="1989">Mathis 1989: 646</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[Australasian/Oceanian catalog].—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA81017682BFFF14347F9DDE2F94D86" author="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki T." page="209" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984BF7682BFFF14347F9DDE2F94D86" author="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki T." pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref23989" refString="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki T. (1995) A World Catalog of the Shore Flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 4, 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis & Zatwarnicki 1995: 209</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[world catalog].—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA81017682BFFF14416F93CE0924D87" author="Zatwarnicki, T. & Ryczko, I." box="[619,965,1670,1695]" page="502" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984BF7682BFFF14416F93CE0924D87" author="Zatwarnicki, T. & Ryczko, I." box="[619,965,1670,1695]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="495 - 515" refId="ref24803" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. & Ryczko, I. (2014) Phylogeny of Hyadinini (Diptera: Ephydridae) with an emphasis on structures of the proboscis. Annales Zoologici, 64 (3), 495 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345414 X 684821" type="journal article" year="2014">Zatwarnicki & Ryczko 2014: 502</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 510–513 [description, phylogeny].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C313658D682BFFF346EAF976E2F149D7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB63606682BFFF146EAF976E75B4C13" blockId="5.[151,1436,1740,1803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA14682BFFF146EAF976E2454DFF" bold="true" box="[151,274,1740,1767]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D85682BFFF14765F977E2FD4DFF" box="[280,426,1741,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Parahyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA14682BFFF14765F977E2FD4DFF" box="[280,426,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Parahyadina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from other genera of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D85682BFFF145C7F976E77D4DFE" box="[954,1066,1740,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyadinini">Hyadinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters: Adults, small to moderately small flies, body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF19BE3682BFFF1451FF94AE75F4C13" box="[866,1032,1776,1803]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.875" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="1.875" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.35">1.35–2.40 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF76668E6828FFF246EAF8A8E3A34C6B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3258534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" startId="6.[151,264,1810,1835]" targetBox="[158,1422,200,1774]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636066828FFF246EAF8A8E3A34C6B" blockId="6.[151,1436,1810,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146828FFF246EAF8A8E26C4C33" bold="true" box="[151,315,1810,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">FIGURES 3–6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D856828FFF2473FF8A9E28E4C33" authority="Mathis & Zatwarnicki, 2019" authorityName="Mathis & Zatwarnicki" authorityYear="2019" box="[322,473,1811,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="breva" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146828FFF2473FF8A9E28E4C33" box="[322,473,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Hyadina breva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24E576F6828FFF2479DF8A9E1664C33" box="[480,561,1811,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146828FFF2479DF8A9E1664C33" bold="true" box="[480,561,1811,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(male; New Zealand. South Island. FD: Monowai). 3. Epandrium, cerci, and surstyli, posterior view. 4. Same, lateral view. 5. Internal structures of male terminalia, ventral view. 6. Same, lateral view (scale bar = 0.1 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636066829FFF346BAFF23E2F149D7" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,719]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146829FFF346BAFF23E2534BAB" box="[199,260,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesofrons and vertex with circular very sparse microtomentose area with denser microtomentum around ocelli; anterolateral frons with dense microtomentose triangle, darker in coloration than mesofrons; fronto-orbital plate dark colored, bare or with dense pale microtomentum; frons bare or with sparse to dense microtomentum. Arista bare or with short hairs, hairs no longer than basal aristal width. Face moderately produced medially; facial background generally similar to frons but with lighter colored silvery white microtomentum extended to gena; medially along parafacial, a band with sparse or no microtomentum extending lateroventrally below gena; marginal facial setulae in 2 rows. Gena concolorous with ventral parafacial plate; postgena and occiput concolorous with gena, sometimes with sparse microtomentum, and sometimes stripes of denser microtomentum across postgena and occiput, contiguous with lateral thoracic stripe pattern. Chaetotaxy: ocellar seta well developed, divergent, proclinate; pesudopostocellar seta minute, divergent, proclinate; usually 1 well-developed, lateroclinate fronto-orbital seta; both medial and lateral vertical setae well developed; facial setae minute, in 2 rows, medial row; genal setae minute, numerous along ventral genal margin. Antenna brown to dark yellowish brown; scape brown, pedicel brown, basal flagellomere darker in color dorsally; scape with row of setulae along distal ventral margin; arista filamentous with very minute dorsal branches distally. Proboscis with 2 pseudotracheae; cibarium with dispersed medial sensillae, posterior sensillae lacking, lacinia bar-like, sinuous in lateral view, tapered distally; maxillary palpus dark brown; prementum dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF76668E6829FFF346EAFA60E2DA4EEB" box="[151,397,1498,1523]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407640/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" targetBox="[452,1145,789,1421]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636066829FFF346EAFA60E2DA4EEB" blockId="7.[151,397,1498,1523]" box="[151,397,1498,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146829FFF346EAFA60E3BE4EEB" bold="true" box="[151,233,1498,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">MAP 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146829FFF34692FA61E2DA4EEB" box="[239,397,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D856829FFF34692FA61E2DE4EEB" authorityName="Mathis & Zatwarnicki" authorityYear="2019" box="[239,393,1499,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="breva">Hyadina breva</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C313658D6829FFFC46BAF99BE2A34A5B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636066829FFF346BAF99BE7BB4CF3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1569,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146829FFF346BAF99BE24F4D23" box="[199,280,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesonotum bare or with sparse to dense microtomentum, often marked with distinct vittae, background pale brown to dark brown, microtomentum yellowish silver or silvery white. Scutellum trapezoidal with posterior margin slightly rounded, dorsally concolorous with posterior margin of mesonotum, lateral margin sometimes with denser microtomentum; postpronotum with silvery gray microtomentum; pleura often paler than mesonotum, with striped pattern of silvery gray microtomentum contiguous with microtomentum pattern of gena and occiput; anepisternum brown with sparse to dense microtomentum, often striped; katepisternum brown with sparse to dense microtomentum; subscutellum brown covered with sparse to dense microtomentum; anatergite brown covered with sparse to dense microtomentum. Chaetotaxy: acrostichal setulae minute, in single row; 1–2 prominent postsutural dorsocentral setae; 1 prominent supra-alar seta; only posterior notopleural seta present, inserted dorsomedially from notopleural suture; 1 anepisternal seta much reduced, hair-like, inserted along posterior margin at midheight; katepisternal setulae minute inserted dorsomedially; 2 scutellar setae. Wing:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CDF8E46829FFF345B4F830E75E4CBC" box="[969,1033,1930,1956]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
long, extended to the vein M; costal section II less than twice length of section III; costal ratio variable but usually about 1.0; M vein ratio 0.23–0.39. Legs dark brown, shiny with sparse yellowish silver microtomentum. Halter knob yellowish white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636066826FFFC46BAFF23E2A34A5B" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146826FFFC46BAFF23E2664BAB" box="[199,305,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Tergites brown to dark brown; partially bare, and with anteriormost tergites more densely covered with microtomentum, with setal rows along margins; usually tergites 3 and 4 elongate. Male terminalia: Epandrium with surstyli fused at ventral margin, bearing setulae; cerci usually densely setulose; ventral margin of surstylus sometimes with distinctive setal patterns; gonites fused with hypandrium, often bearing 2 tiny, spine-like setulae; hypandrium narrow, U-shaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C313658D6826FFFC46BAFEF7E669497B" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636066826FFFC46BAFEF7E79F4AB7" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146826FFFC46BAFEF7E26C4A7F" bold="true" box="[199,315,333,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984BF76826FFFC473CFEF7E1294A70" author="Tonnoir, A. L. & Malloch, J. R." box="[321,638,333,360]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref24508" refString="Tonnoir, A. L. & Malloch, J. R. (1926) New Zealand Muscidae Acalyptratae. Part I. Ephydridae. Records of the Canterbury Museum, 3, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1926">Tonnoir and Malloch (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
accorded generic status to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D856826FFFC45D1FEF7E7694A7F" box="[940,1086,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Parahyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146826FFFC45D1FEF7E7694A7F" box="[940,1086,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Parahyadina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the moderate to welldeveloped, lateroclinate, fronto-orbital seta. Otherwise, the overall habitus of the included species is similar to typical species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D856826FFFC4748FE2FE2C24AB7" authorityName="Haliday in Curtis" authorityYear="1837" box="[309,405,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146826FFFC4748FE2FE2C24AB7" box="[309,405,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Hyadina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the exception, ironically, of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D856826FFFC45F8FE2FE0B24AB7" authorityName="Haliday in Curtis" authorityYear="1837" box="[901,997,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146826FFFC45F8FE2FE0B24AB7" box="[901,997,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Hyadina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E76966826FFFC4257FE2FE7934AB7" box="[1066,1220,405,431]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636066826FFFC46BAFE03E669497B" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
As noted previously, only a single species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D856826FFFC44CCFE00E7704ACB" authority="Tonnoir and Malloch" authorityName="Tonnoir and Malloch" authorityYear="1926" box="[689,1063,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Parahyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146826FFFC44CCFE00E0794ACB" box="[689,814,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">P. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||
Tonnoir and Malloch
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was described before this study. Herein, we add ten more species. In general, the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D856826FFFC455AFE67E0EE4AEF" box="[807,953,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Parahyadina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEA146826FFFC455AFE67E0EE4AEF" box="[807,953,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Parahyadina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar to each other, and determination of species can often only be accurately done by observing structures of the male terminalia. These structures, fortunately, are distinctive and not only enable identification of species but are a primary source of character data for determining phylogenetic relationships. These structures are fully illustrated to facilitate identification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |