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<document id="1E588C0829881A77681A2E586A2E273E" ID-CLB-Dataset="27899" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4526.1.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="da73eda4-e16a-4040-8114-779dbb619c3a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2611426" ID-ZooBank="6D2DAAB6-6C42-41BE-A22B-520958792E5C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553697141568" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Psomadakis, Peter N." docDate="2018" docId="96368788CE6BFF8952E98B51FE88FCD0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4526.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4526 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ophichthus nansen Psomadakis 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="6A0FFFF0CE6AFF8D527E8915FFF1FFE8" masterDocTitle="Snake eels of the genus Ophichthus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from Myanmar (Indian Ocean) with the description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1698714194548" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="0CDF1BABB4A8F2F435CDFBEBDB3669EB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="94EA039B079EDED224B21F33670738D6">Snake eels of the genus Ophichthus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from Myanmar (Indian Ocean) with the description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3AB46A80D49A324983D370227A2813C7">Psomadakis, Peter N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E45DD9C31F7B10D35BF3BFF8F47F34C5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4108527962859FC95B364E0E8AB9EFF3">
<mods:date id="B8DF55C3DBA7D5139247FF6A8C920FBE">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3EE6F3F82E046C8C54065428720E54B9" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="3A79E87E5F35B3938AA56620C31F0A06">2018-11-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B421E4210953D8D556C6629CCEA32746">4526</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7097E49E5ED2207C255956121CEA9674" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4526.1.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2BEBD04729786CE8AA6E5A531B03DA97" type="GBIF-Dataset">da73eda4-e16a-4040-8114-779dbb619c3a</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D1D7D3AB843536D2887C7B9BB864D149" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="96368788CE6BFF8952E98B51FE88FCD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5990971" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154507510" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5990971" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:96368788CE6BFF8952E98B51FE88FCD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96368788CE6BFF8952E98B51FE88FCD0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
<subSubSection id="56856515CE6BFF8C52E98B51FD79FD68" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE6BFF8C52E98B51FCDEFDB7" blockId="1.[151,815,580,677]" box="[151,815,580,607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
<heading id="456881F2CE6BFF8C52E98B51FCDEFDB7" bold="true" box="[151,815,580,607]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6BFF8C52E98B51FCDEFDB7" bold="true" box="[151,815,580,607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6BFF8C52E98B51FD3BFDB7" authority="McCosker &amp; Psomadakis" authorityName="Psomadakis" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,714,580,607]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nansen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6BFF8C52E98B51FE75FDB6" bold="true" box="[151,388,580,606]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Ophichthus nansen</emphasis>
McCosker &amp; Psomadakis
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="37D857F7CE6BFF8C50AF8B50FCDEFDB7" box="[721,815,581,607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE6BFF8C52E98B7DFD79FD68" blockId="1.[151,815,580,677]" box="[151,648,615,640]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">New English name: Nansen’s snake eel (En)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56856515CE6BFF8C52E98B99FEE0FD4C" box="[151,273,652,677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="description">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE6BFF8C52E98B99FEE0FD4C" blockId="1.[151,815,580,677]" box="[151,273,652,677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
(
<figureCitation id="86A42A1BCE6BFF8C52E18B99FEF9FD4C" box="[159,264,652,677]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1895,1917]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionStartId-2="3.[151,250,1695,1717]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,732,1871]" captionTargetBox-1="[180,1404,1496,1858]" captionTargetBox-2="[250,1345,440,1674]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[151,1435,732,1871]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[151,1436,1356,1941]" captionTargetId-2="figure@3.[221,1365,311,1674]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Ophichthus nansen McCosker &amp; Psomadakis, sp. nov., holotype, USNM 438268, 389 mm TL, male. Photographed soon after capture and before preservation by P.N. Psomadakis. Arrows indicate the origins of the dorsal fin (left) and the anal fin (right)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Semi-diagrammatic illustration of left lateral head view of the holotype of Ophichthus nansen McCosker &amp; Psomadakis, sp. nov. Drawn by J.E. McCosker." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Semi-diagrammatic illustration of the dentition of the holotype of Ophichthus nansen McCosker &amp; Psomadakis, sp. nov. Drawn by J.E. McCosker." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2611428/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2611430/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2611432/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
Figs. 1
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6BFF8C52928B99FF0BFD4D" bold="true" box="[236,250,652,677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">–</emphasis>
3
</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="4AE06616CE6BFF8C52E98E72FE73F852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611428/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" startId="1.[151,250,1895,1917]" targetBox="[151,1435,732,1871]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE6BFF8C52E98E72FE73F852" blockId="1.[151,1437,1895,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6BFF8C52E98E72FEEAF894" bold="true" box="[151,283,1895,1917]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6BFF8C53548E72FCEDF895" authority="McCosker &amp; Psomadakis" authorityName="Psomadakis" authorityYear="2018" box="[298,796,1895,1917]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nansen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6BFF8C53548E72FE07F895" box="[298,502,1895,1917]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Ophichthus nansen</emphasis>
McCosker &amp; Psomadakis
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6BFF8C51508E72FC7FF894" bold="true" box="[814,910,1895,1916]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="37D857F7CE6BFF8C51508E72FC78F894" box="[814,905,1895,1916]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
holotype, USNM 438268, 389 mm TL, male. Photographed soon after capture and before preservation by P.N. Psomadakis. Arrows indicate the origins of the dorsal fin (left) and the anal fin (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="56856515CE68FF8F52E98982FE01FF13" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE68FF8F52E98982FE01FF13" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F52E98982FE0EFF58" bold="true" box="[151,511,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
Material examined.
<materialsCitation id="AEF73CC3CE68FF8F53EC8982FE0EFF58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2029159782" box="[402,511,151,176]" collectingDate="2015-05-13" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen &amp; P. N. Psomadakis." country="Myanmar" elevation="105" latitude="14.6915" location="Delta" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="95.48867" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" specimenCode="USNM 438268, 389" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ayeyawady" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="C124883CCE68FF8F53EC8982FE0EFF58" box="[402,511,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="4E399EE5CE68FF8F506D898DFD39FF58" box="[531,712,151,176]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="Museum">
USNM
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE68FF8F500F8982FD39FF58" box="[625,712,151,176]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.38268389" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="4.38268389E8">438268</quantity>
</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="4E399EE5CE68FF8F50A7898DFCF2FF58" box="[729,771,152,176]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="Museum">389</specimenCode>
mm TL, a ripe male, off
<collectingRegion id="DC5BF87CCE68FF8F56388982FB22FF58" box="[1094,1235,151,176]" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Ayeyarwady</collectingRegion>
<location id="1B406045CE68FF8F56A18982FAEFFF58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:96368788CE6BFF8952E98B51FE88FCD0:1B406045CE68FF8F56A18982FAEFFF58" box="[1247,1310,151,176]" country="Myanmar" latitude="14.6915" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="95.48867" name="Delta" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" stateProvince="Ayeyawady">Delta</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="6688760ECE68FF8F5751898DFA6DFF58" box="[1327,1436,152,176]" name="Myanmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="7BAB5059CE68FF8F52E189AAFED4FF3F" box="[159,293,187,215]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" precision="9" value="14.6915">
14
<superScript id="E9EA9BD6CE68FF8F52C289AEFF32FF21" attach="none" box="[188,195,187,201]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">o</superScript>
41.49 N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BAB5059CE68FF8F534B89ABFE46FF3F" box="[309,439,187,215]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" precision="9" value="95.48867">
95
<superScript id="E9EA9BD6CE68FF8F532F89AEFEA9FF21" attach="none" box="[337,344,187,201]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">o</superScript>
29.32 E
</geoCoordinate>
), R/
<collectorName id="B36A5348CE68FF8F539489AAFD1EFF3F" box="[490,751,190,215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
V
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F507489D5FD1EFF3F" box="[522,751,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Dr. Fridtjof Nansen</emphasis>
</collectorName>
, Sta. 88, bottom trawl,
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE68FF8F566989AAFB6AFF3F" box="[1047,1179,190,215]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.045" metricValueMax="1.06" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="104.5" valueMax="106.0" valueMin="103.0">
<elevation id="95B2D1ADCE68FF8F566989AAFB6AFF3F" box="[1047,1179,190,215]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.045" metricValueMax="1.06" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="104.5" valueMax="106.0" valueMin="103.0">
103
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F563F89ABFBBEFF3F" bold="true" box="[1089,1103,190,215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">–</emphasis>
106 m
</elevation>
</quantity>
depth,
<date id="6A21105ECE68FF8F568989AAFA69FF3F" box="[1271,1432,190,216]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" value="2015-05-13">
<collectingDate id="7A65E9B6CE68FF8F568989AAFA69FF3F" box="[1271,1432,190,216]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" value="2015-05-13">13 May 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected by
<collectorName id="B36A5348CE68FF8F535889F6FE01FF13" box="[294,496,226,251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">P. N. Psomadakis.</collectorName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56856515CE68FF8F52B98813FE80FD27" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE68FF8F52B98813FF1CFE1F" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F52B98813FEB0FEF7" bold="true" box="[199,321,262,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A moderately elongate species of
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE68FF8F50B18813FCA1FEF7" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1789" box="[719,848,262,287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F50B18813FCA1FEF7" box="[719,848,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Ophichthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with: tail 62%, head 10.3%, and body depth at gill opening 3.4% of TL; dorsal-fin origin above mid-pectoral fin; pectoral fin elongate, but not filamentous, longer than upper jaw; posterior nostril a hole above upper lip, covered by a flap that extends to or below edge of mouth; barbels present behind anterior and posterior nostrils; eye large, its posterior margin in advance of rictus of jaw; pores small but conspicuous, SO 1 + 4, IO 4 + 2, POM 6 + 2; teeth small, close-set and conical, biserial on anterior vomer and jaws; coloration dark gray-brown, paler ventrally, pectoral and median fins black; vertebral formula 11- 53-146.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE68FF8F52B98B17FE80FD27" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F52B98B17FCB5FDF3" bold="true" box="[199,836,514,539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
Counts and measurements of the
<typeStatus id="C124883CCE68FF8F50168B17FD3EFDF3" box="[616,719,514,539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(in mm).
</emphasis>
Total length 389; head 39.9; trunk 109.1; tail 240; predorsal distance 47; pectoral-fin length 14; pectoral-fin base 3.5; body depth
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F564B8B3DFBA6FDD7" box="[1077,1111,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
13.5 at gill openings; body width
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F529E8B59FEF3FD8B" box="[224,258,588,611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
14 at gill openings; body depth at anus
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F50A98B59FD09FD8B" box="[727,760,588,611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
12.5; body width at anus
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F565E8B59FBB0FD8B" box="[1056,1089,588,611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
12.5; body depth at branchial basket 18; body width at branchial basket
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F50108B65FD61FD6F" box="[622,656,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
14.5; snout 8.8; tip of snout to rictus 11.2; snout overhang beyond tip of lower jaw 2.2; eye diameter 3.4; interorbital width 5.2; gill opening height 5.5; isthmus width 9.7. Vertebral formula 11-53-146.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56856515CE68FF8E52B98BCFFCBDF805" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE68FF8F52B98BCFFE09FB4E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F52B98BCFFEA8FD1B" bold="true" box="[199,345,730,755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Description.</emphasis>
Body moderately elongate (
<figureCitation id="86A42A1BCE68FF8F50C98BCFFCEFFD1B" box="[695,798,730,755]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1895,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,732,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,732,1871]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ophichthus nansen McCosker &amp; Psomadakis, sp. nov., holotype, USNM 438268, 389 mm TL, male. Photographed soon after capture and before preservation by P.N. Psomadakis. Arrows indicate the origins of the dorsal fin (left) and the anal fin (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611428/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Figure 1</figureCitation>
), subcircular to level of anus, then becoming more compressed, its depth at gill openings
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE68FF8F50338BEAFD76FCFF" box="[589,647,766,791]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="in" value="29.0">29 in</quantity>
TL. Branchial basket moderately expanded. Head
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE68FF8F56B28BEAFAFFFCFF" box="[1228,1294,766,791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.858" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="in" value="2.7">2.7 in</quantity>
trunk. Head and trunk 2.6, head 9.7, and tail
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE68FF8F50748A37FDBAFCD3" box="[522,587,802,827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="in" value="1.6">1.6 in</quantity>
TL. Snout slightly rounded, moderately acute when viewed from above; a short groove bisecting underside of snout nearly to tip of upper jaw; snout, lips and chin densely covered with minute sensory papillae. Lower jaw included, its tip reaching anterior base of anterior nostril tube. Upper jaw not elongated, rictus behind a vertical from posterior margin of eye. Eye large,
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE68FF8F56778A9AFBBDFC4F" box="[1033,1100,910,935]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="in" value="3.3">3.3 in</quantity>
upper jaw and
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE68FF8F57788A9AFAA7FC4F" box="[1286,1366,910,935]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9718" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="in" value="11.7">11.7 in</quantity>
head. Anterior nostrils tubular, extending anteriorly from snout at
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F513E8AA2FC93FC26" box="[832,866,951,974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
30
<superScript id="E9EA9BD6CE68FF8F51FB8AA7FC7DFC28" attach="none" box="[901,908,946,960]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">o</superScript>
, reaching below upper lip but not reaching tip of chin when directed forward. Posterior nostril a hole above upper lip, covered by a flap that extends below edge of mouth. Barbels present along upper lip behind the anterior and posterior nostrils. The first and largest descending from upper lip behind the anterior nostril tube; the minute second barbel is beneath the anterior margin of the orbit. Dorsal-fin origin above mid-pectoral fin. Median fins low but obvious, ending in a shallow groove about an eye diameter before the sharply pointed tail tip. Pectoral fins longer than upper jaw, elongate and lanceolate, but not filamentous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE68FF8F52B98DA4FB3DFADE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F52B98DA4FEB9FB21" box="[199,328,1201,1226]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Head pores</emphasis>
small but apparent (
<figureCitation id="86A42A1BCE68FF8F50508DA4FD60FB22" box="[558,657,1201,1226]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[180,1404,1496,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,1356,1941]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Semi-diagrammatic illustration of left lateral head view of the holotype of Ophichthus nansen McCosker &amp; Psomadakis, sp. nov. Drawn by J.E. McCosker." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611430/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Figure 2</figureCitation>
). Single median interorbital and temporal pores. Supraorbital pores 1 + 4, infraorbital pores 4 + 2, mandibular pores 6, preopercular pores 2, supratemporal pores 3. Faint rows of sensory papillae along the nape. Lateral-line pores minute but apparent; 10 before gill opening in a high arching sequence,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F53758C0AFEDDFADE" box="[267,300,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
40 before anus,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F53998C0AFDF9FADE" box="[487,520,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
110 total, the last
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F50A88C0AFD09FADE" box="[726,760,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">ca.</emphasis>
the distance of the snout from the tail tip.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4AE06616CE68FF8F52E98EBEFD8BF837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611430/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" startId="2.[151,250,1963,1985]" targetBox="[180,1404,1496,1858]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE68FF8F52E98EBEFD8BF837" blockId="2.[151,1436,1963,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F52E98EBEFEE6F828" bold="true" box="[151,279,1963,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Semi-diagrammatic illustration of left lateral head view of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE68FF8F563D8EBEFEE2F837" authority="McCosker &amp; Psomadakis" authorityName="Psomadakis" authorityYear="2018" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nansen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F563D8EBEFAFBF829" box="[1091,1290,1963,1985]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Ophichthus nansen</emphasis>
McCosker &amp; Psomadakis
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE68FF8F53628EDFFE9CF837" bold="true" box="[284,365,1994,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="37D857F7CE68FF8F53628EDFFE9CF837" box="[284,365,1994,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Drawn by J.E. McCosker.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE69FF8E52B98982FDF0FE8D" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE69FF8E52B98982FEF0FF58" box="[199,257,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">Teeth</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="86A42A1BCE69FF8E536F8982FE83FF58" box="[273,370,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1695,1717]" captionTargetBox="[250,1345,440,1674]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[221,1365,311,1674]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Semi-diagrammatic illustration of the dentition of the holotype of Ophichthus nansen McCosker &amp; Psomadakis, sp. nov. Drawn by J.E. McCosker." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611432/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">Figure 3</figureCitation>
) small, close-set, slightly retrorse, conical but not sharp, and difficult to ascertain. Largest are the anteriormost central tooth and two on each side at tip of snout, followed by an intermaxillary rosette of about 5 irregular pairs of teeth, followed by a patch, 2-3 irregular pairs, and a single row of
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE69FF8E564589F4FBADFF10" box="[1083,1116,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">ca.</emphasis>
12 close-set vomerine teeth, decreasing in size posteriorly. Maxillary with about 8 pairs of subequal, irregularly biserial teeth followed by 10-12 uniserial teeth decreasing in size. Lower jaw with about 8-10 pairs of subequal, irregularly biserial teeth, followed by 10-12 smaller uniserial teeth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4AE06616CE69FF8E52E98F8AFE04F93C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611432/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="74" startId="3.[151,250,1695,1717]" targetBox="[250,1345,440,1674]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE69FF8E52E98F8AFE04F93C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1695,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE69FF8E52E98F8AFEE5F95C" bold="true" box="[151,276,1695,1717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Semi-diagrammatic illustration of the dentition of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE69FF8E51BB8F8AFA69F95D" authority="McCosker &amp; Psomadakis" authorityName="Psomadakis" authorityYear="2018" box="[965,1432,1695,1718]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nansen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE69FF8E51BB8F8AFB78F95E" box="[965,1161,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">Ophichthus nansen</emphasis>
McCosker &amp; Psomadakis
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE69FF8E52E98FAAFF16F93C" bold="true" box="[151,231,1727,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="37D857F7CE69FF8E52E98FAAFF16F93C" box="[151,231,1727,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Drawn by J.E. McCosker.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE69FF8E52B98FE9FD3EF820" blockId="3.[151,1436,1788,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE69FF8E52B98FE9FE7CF8FD" box="[199,397,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">Coloration in life</emphasis>
as in
<figureCitation id="86A42A1BCE69FF8E53AA8FE9FDC4F8FC" box="[468,565,1788,1813]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1895,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,732,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,732,1871]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ophichthus nansen McCosker &amp; Psomadakis, sp. nov., holotype, USNM 438268, 389 mm TL, male. Photographed soon after capture and before preservation by P.N. Psomadakis. Arrows indicate the origins of the dorsal fin (left) and the anal fin (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611428/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">Figure 1</figureCitation>
. Coloration in ethanol uniform gray-brown, becoming paler in throat region and from mid-flanks to belly. Median fins black. Pectoral fins black, their margins pale. Edge of gill opening, anterior nostrils, and lip barbels pale. An irregular pattern of fine black specks equal in size to lateral-line pores along dorsal and ventral surface of trunk and tail. Inner margins of lips pale, with a fine black line extending from beyond eye to rictus. Median fins basally pale. Anterior nostrils, tail tip, anal opening, and peritoneum pale. Inside of mouth pale, tongue speckled with brown flecks.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE69FF8E52B98EC1FCBDF805" blockId="3.[151,1436,1788,2029]" box="[199,844,2004,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE69FF8E52B98EC1FF0FF805" bold="true" box="[199,254,2004,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74">Size.</emphasis>
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="C124883CCE69FF8E53838EC1FD93F805" box="[509,610,2004,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, a
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE69FF8E50FF8EC1FD2FF804" box="[641,734,2004,2028]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8899999999999997" pageId="3" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="389.0">389 mm</quantity>
TL male.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56856515CE6EFF8952B98982FC10FEA8" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE6EFF8952B98982FC10FEA8" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8952B98982FEBFFF58" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the EAF-Nansen Prorgramme and in honor of Dr. Fridtjof Nansen, the famous Norwegian explorer and scientist for whom the programme and research vessel were named. Since 1975, the EAF- Nansen Programme has contributed to increasing the knowledge of global marine biodiversity while supporting developing countries in fisheries research and sustainable management of their resources throughout surveys at sea and capacity building. The specific name is treated as a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56856515CE6EFF8952B98859FE8CFE60" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE6EFF8952B98859FE8CFE60" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8952B98859FE91FE8D" bold="true" box="[199,352,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="C124883CCE6EFF89501B8859FD3BFE8D" box="[613,714,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, collected by bottom trawl at
<quantity id="D9679B7BCE6EFF8956638859FB6CFE8C" box="[1053,1181,332,357]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.045" metricValueMax="1.06" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="104.5" valueMax="106.0" valueMin="103.0">
103
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8956398859FBA4FE8D" bold="true" box="[1095,1109,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">–</emphasis>
106 m
</quantity>
depth over a mud and muddy sand bottom.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56856515CE6EFF8952B98881FE88FCD0" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE6EFF8952B98881FED7FE1C" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8952B98881FECAFE45" bold="true" box="[199,315,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Remarks.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="C124883CCE6EFF8953048881FE2DFE45" box="[378,476,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is a male with well-developed testes. The reduced facial pore and lateral-line pore conditions are typical adaptations to the sand and mud-burrowing behavior of some ophichthid species (
<bibRefCitation id="7A0E4B6FCE6EFF89575888A2FEEBFE1C" author="McCosker, J. E. &amp; Ide, S. &amp; Endo, H." pageId="4" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref7272" refString="McCosker, J. E., Ide, S. &amp; Endo, H. (2012) Three new species of ophichthid eels (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Series A, 6 (Supplement), 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2012">
McCosker
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8952E988C8FF27FE1D" box="[151,214,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">et. al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E20369ECE6EFF8952B988EAFE88FCD0" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
The new species is most similar in morphology and appearance to that of
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6EFF89567988EAFEE4FDD4" authority="McCosker &amp; Chen 2000" authorityName="McCosker &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2000" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aphotistos">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF89567988EAFAF3FDF0" box="[1031,1282,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Ophichthus aphotistos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7A0E4B6FCE6EFF89577488EAFEE4FDD4" author="McCosker, J. E. &amp; Chen, Y. Y." pageId="4" pageNumber="75" pagination="353 - 357" refId="ref7156" refString="McCosker, J. E. &amp; Chen, Y. Y. (2000) A new species of deepwater snake-eel, Ophichthus aphotistos, with comments on Neenchelys retropinna (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from Taiwan. Ichthyological Research, 47, 353 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02674262" type="journal article" year="2000">McCosker &amp; Chen 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, a deepwater species from
<collectingCountry id="6688760ECE6EFF8950388B30FD77FDD4" box="[582,646,549,572]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Japan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="6688760ECE6EFF8950C38B31FCE3FDD5" box="[701,786,548,573]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, and to
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6EFF8951158B30FAF9FDD5" authority="(Goode &amp; Bean, 1856)" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1856" baseAuthorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[875,1288,548,573]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Pisodonophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruentifer">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8951158B30FC0DFDD4" box="[875,1020,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">O. cruentifer</emphasis>
(Goode &amp; Bean, 1856)
</taxonomicName>
, a deepwater species from the NE Atlantic Ocean (
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6EFF8950368B5DFD2BFD88" baseAuthorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[584,730,584,608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Pisodonophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruentifer">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8950368B5DFD2BFD88" box="[584,730,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">O. cruentifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
data are from
<bibRefCitation id="7A0E4B6FCE6EFF8951F98B52FB7BFD88" author="McCosker, J. E. &amp; Bohlke, E. B. &amp; Bohlke, J. E." box="[903,1162,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" pagination="254 - 412" refId="ref7083" refString="McCosker, J. E., Bohlke, E. B. &amp; Bohlke, J. E. (1989) Family Ophichthidae. In: Bohlke, E. B. (Ed.), Fishes of the Western North Atlantic, Part 9, Fol. 1: Orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes. Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Yale University, pp. 254 - 412." type="book chapter" year="1989">
McCosker
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF89567A8B5CFBB7FD88" box="[1028,1094,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">et. al.</emphasis>
1989
</bibRefCitation>
: 384
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8956BC8B52FB21FD88" bold="true" box="[1218,1232,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">–</emphasis>
386;
<bibRefCitation id="7A0E4B6FCE6EFF8957758B52FF3EFD6D" author="Hibino, Y. &amp; Tashiro, F. &amp; Chiu, Y. - C. &amp; Kimura, S." pageId="4" pageNumber="75" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref6181" refString="Hibino, Y., Tashiro, F., Chiu, Y. - C. &amp; Kimura, S. (2016) Additional records of the snake eel Ophichthus aphotistos (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from Japan and Taiwan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 63, 119 - 125." type="journal article" year="2016">
Hibino
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF89571C8B5CFA6DFD88" box="[1378,1436,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
provided additional data for Japanese and Taiwanese
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6EFF8951548B78FC4EFD6D" authorityName="McCosker &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2000" box="[810,959,620,645]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aphotistos">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8951548B78FC4EFD6D" box="[810,959,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">O. aphotistos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). All three are similar in their proportions, pectoral-fin size and shape, biserial jaw dentition, faint sensory papillae, and dark body coloration. They differ somewhat in their body depth (
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6EFF8950748BA0FD71FD24" authorityName="Psomadakis" authorityYear="2018" box="[522,640,693,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nansen">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8950748BA0FD71FD24" box="[522,640,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">O. nansen</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
3.4% of TL,
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6EFF8951578BA0FC33FD25" authorityName="McCosker &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2000" box="[809,962,692,717]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aphotistos">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8951578BA0FC33FD25" box="[809,962,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">O. aphotistos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2.5
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF89518F8BA1FC0EFD25" bold="true" box="[1009,1023,692,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">–</emphasis>
2.9%, and
<taxonomicName id="D99F4D1DCE6EFF8956FE8BA0FAE5FD24" baseAuthorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1152,1300,692,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Pisodonophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruentifer">
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8956FE8BA0FAE5FD24" box="[1152,1300,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">O. cruentifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2.3
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF89573D8BA1FAA0FD25" bold="true" box="[1347,1361,692,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">–</emphasis>
3.0%), dorsal-fin origin (above mid-pectoral fin,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8950178BCCFD76FD18" box="[617,647,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
pectoral-fin length behind gill openings,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF89562B8BCCFB82FD18" box="[1109,1139,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
pectoral-fin length behind gill openings), head length 10.3% of TL,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF89501C8BE8FD71FCFC" box="[610,640,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
7.7
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8950D78BE9FD46FCFD" bold="true" box="[681,695,764,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">–</emphasis>
8.7%,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8950818BE8FCECFCFC" box="[767,797,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
6.9
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8951388BE9FCA5FCFD" bold="true" box="[838,852,764,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">–</emphasis>
8.7%), and vertebral formulae (11-53-146
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8957528BE8FABAFCFC" box="[1324,1355,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
17-59- 160,
<emphasis id="2CEBEA8CCE6EFF8952B18A34FF1CFCD0" box="[207,237,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
16-57-149).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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