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<mods:title id="8A1C32C986CCDCA11DC115B8EF3BA0F4">A taxonomic revision of the nominotypical subgenus Tiphia Fabricius, 1775 (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Tiphiinae) from China, with three new species and a key to the Chinese species</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="3C8BCADB7362FFB35A8245CB0D69A08D" authority="Ishikawa, 1967" authorityName="Ishikawa" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,634,1758,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" genus="Tiphia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwana" subGenus="Tiphia">
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<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7362FFB35A8245CB0FF5A08C" bold="true" box="[151,230,1758,1785]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tiphia</emphasis>
(
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)
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7362FFB35B4245CB0EA4A08D" bold="true" box="[343,439,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">taiwana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9F1ACCA97362FFB35BAB45CB0D69A08D" author="Ishikawa, R." box="[446,634,1758,1784]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="293 - 296" refId="ref39759" refString="Ishikawa, R. (1967) New species of Tiphia from Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Bulletin of the National Science Museum Tokyo, 10 (3), 293 - 296." type="journal article" year="1967">
<collectingRegion id="394F7FBA7362FFB35BAB45CB0D21A08D" box="[446,562,1758,1784]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ishikawa</collectingRegion>
, 1967
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7362FFB35A8244520E23A12A" box="[151,304,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tiphia taiwana</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7A2A97497362FFB35B2344520D29A12A" author="Ishikawa, R." box="[310,570,1863,1887]" page="294" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1967">
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, 1967: 294296
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.
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<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7362FFB35A8244700FCBA108" box="[151,216,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tiphia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7362FFB35AF244700E3BA108" box="[231,296,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tiphia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7362FFB35B2344730E9BA108" box="[310,392,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">taiwana</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="394F7FBA7362FFB35B9B44700EFEA108" box="[398,493,1893,1917]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ishikawa</collectingRegion>
:
<treatmentCitation id="7A2A97497362FFB35BE244700DF2A10B" author="Tsuneki, K." box="[503,737,1893,1918]" page="41" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="9F1ACCA97362FFB35BE244700DF2A10B" author="Tsuneki, K." box="[503,737,1893,1918]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref40465" refString="Tsuneki, K. (1986 a) A contribution to the knowledge of the Taiwanese Tiphiidae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Special Publications of the Japan Hymenopterists Association, 33, 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="1986">Tsuneki, 1986a: 4142</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7362FFB35A8244BE0E92A1B0" bold="true" box="[151,385,1963,1989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="4BE3BB057362FFB35B9D44B90D9EA19F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4104384337" collectingDate="2011-08-14" collectingDateMax="2011-09-10" collectingDateMin="2011-08-14" collectionCode="CNU" country="China" elevation="375" latitude="30.321112" location="Xitianmu Mountain" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="119.4475" municipality="Lin'an City" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Zhejiang">
<specimenCount id="ED8D7AD17362FFB35B9D44B90EB8A1B3" box="[392,427,1964,1990]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 1♁,
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,
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="1B502B227362FFB358FA44B90C61A1B3" box="[751,882,1964,1990]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Linan City</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
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,
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,
<quantity id="3C731CBD7362FFB35A8244DA0FF3A19F" box="[151,224,1999,2026]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="375.0">
<elevation id="70A6566B7362FFB35A8244DA0FF3A19F" box="[151,224,1999,2026]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="375.0">375 m</elevation>
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,
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</date>
, Hui Pan (
<collectionCode id="9D9A299D7362FFB3585144C50D96A19F" box="[580,645,2000,2026]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kyjm-bn0n" name="Capital Normal University, College of Life Sciences" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">CNU</collectionCode>
)
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.
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<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25A8247060E45A259" bold="true" box="[151,342,1043,1068]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURES 5559.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3C8BCADB7363FFB25B4847010D41A25E" authorityName="Ishikawa" authorityYear="1967" box="[349,594,1044,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" genus="Tiphia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwana" subGenus="Tiphia">
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25B4847010E8DA259" box="[349,414,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tiphia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25BBA47010EE3A259" box="[431,496,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tiphia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB2581547010D41A25E" box="[512,594,1044,1067]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">taiwana</emphasis>
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Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58.
<taxonomicName id="3C8BCADB7363FFB25AE9472D0E7FA23A" box="[252,364,1080,1103]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FB34B1587363FFB25AD2476B0B7DA2ED" blockId="23.[151,1437,1150,2040]" box="[199,1134,1150,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25AD2476B0EE0A2ED" bold="true" box="[199,499,1150,1176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">First description of male.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB25816476B0D47A2EC" box="[515,596,1150,1177]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
) Body length
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, forewing length
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB34B1587363FFB25AD247B40CF3A295" blockId="23.[151,1437,1150,2040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25AD247B40E1DA2C9" bold="true" box="[199,270,1185,1212]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Color.</emphasis>
Body almost black, with long pale brown setae; mandible (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB259B847B70CEDA2C8" box="[941,1022,1186,1213]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
) and tegula dark red; flagellum, fore tibia and tarsus brown; wings infuscate, pterostigma and veins dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB34B1587363FFB25AD247FC0B47A3E1" blockId="23.[151,1437,1150,2040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25AD247FC0E1FA371" bold="true" box="[199,268,1257,1284]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head.</emphasis>
Mandible (
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) without distinct medial transverse groove and preapical denticle, atmost with obsolete intermittent impressed line; clypeus (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB25850461B0D8AA35C" box="[581,665,1294,1321]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
) laterally with coarse and dense punctures, medially sparser, apex medially emarginated in middle; W: OW: L: IOD=10: 5.1: 5.1: 6; OOD: POD: Od=10: 9: 7; AOD: WAS: IAD: CL: CAW=5: 4.7: 2.1: 10: 7.1; lower frons (
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) with dense punctures, upper frons with sparser punctures; vertex (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB25A8A466F0FE2A3E0" box="[159,241,1402,1429]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
) with smaller and sparser punctures than upper frons, interspaces coriaceous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB34B1587363FFB25AD2468B0C9BA155" blockId="23.[151,1437,1150,2040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25AD2468B0E5AA3CD" bold="true" box="[199,329,1438,1464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="3C8BCADB7363FFB25AD2468B0E57A3CD" box="[199,324,1438,1464]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotal anterior carina complete, anterior half of pronotum with moderate punctures, posterior half smooth; pronotum latero-ventrally (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB2583C46D70D68A3A8" box="[553,635,1474,1501]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
) with distinct groove in middle, area above groove smooth, area below groove with a few oblique striae; mesoscutum with sparse punctures, punctures gradually denser from anterior to posterior area; mesopleuron (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB25BCE451F0D38A050" box="[475,555,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
) with small and sparse punctures; mesoscutellum and metanotum (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB25F18451F0A4EA050" box="[1293,1373,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
) with sparse punctures; horizontal area of propodeal dorsal face (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB25926453B0C96A03C" box="[819,901,1582,1609]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
) with irregularly transverse striae, oblique area impunctate and without submarginal carina, posteriorly with short longitudinal striae connecting transverse carina; propodeal areola (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB25B7745630EA0A0E4" box="[354,435,1654,1681]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
) rectangular,
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=2.7: 2.6: 4.7, medial longitudinal carina extending posterior margin of areola; lateral surface of propodeum dorsally (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB258C1458F0C3BA0C0" box="[724,808,1690,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
) with sparse long oblique wrinkles, ventrally smooth; posterior surface of propodeum with coarse and dense punctures, without short medial longitudinal carina; tegula atmost slightly longer than middle width, posterior margin without transverse impressed line; apex of marginal cell of forewing (
<figureCitation id="63B0ADDD7363FFB25B3F44130E68A154" box="[298,379,1798,1825]" captionStart="FIGURES 5559" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1043,1067]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,186,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 5559. Tiphia (Tiphia) taiwana Ishikawa, ♁. 55. Habitus, dorsal view; 56. Head, frontal view; 57. Vertex, dorsal view; 58. Mesosoma, lateral view; 59. Mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918912/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
) distinctly exceeding second submarginal cell.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB34B1587363FFB25AD2443F0B69A1A1" blockId="23.[151,1437,1150,2040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25AD2443F0E55A131" bold="true" box="[199,326,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Metasoma.</emphasis>
Anterior half of
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1 (
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) with sparse shallow punctures; subposterior area of
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1 close to apex and slightly depressed, with 23 transverse rows of punctures; anterior area of S1 close to middle strongly arched, with a few coarse punctures, and without posterolateral groove;
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2 anteriorly with costate transverse depression (
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), close to middle with dense punctures, posteriorly smooth;
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3
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6 with dense punctures; S2S6 with moderate punctures, almost evenly spaced; S5 with lateral denticle, without deep orifice.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A7363FFB25AD244CB0E36A18D" bold="true" box="[199,293,2014,2040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Female.</emphasis>
Body length
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, forewing length
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. Mid and hind trochanter, femora, and tibiae bright red; mandible without distinct medial transverse groove and preapical denticle, atmost with obsolete intermittent impressed line; clypeus with coarse punctures, apex medially emarginated; W: OW: L: IOD=10: 3.9: 5.8: 5.8; OOD: POD: Od=10: 7.4: 3.6; AOD: WAS: IAD: CL: CAW=10: 5.1: 2.7: 6.1: 6; lower frons with dense punctures, upper frons with sparse punctures; pronotal anterior carina absent; pronotum latero-ventrally with interrupted groove in middle, without deep punctures; mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and metanotum with sparse punctures; tegula atmost slightly longer than middle width, posterior margin without transverse impressed line; inner face of hind basitarsus medially with longitudinal groove; second intercubital vein of forewing sinuous; lateral carina of propodeal areola parallel posteriorly, providing rectangular shape,
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=1.8: 2.5: 5.7, medial longitudinal carina reaching posterior 3/4 of areola; surface of propodeal areola smooth; subposterior area of
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1 close to apex and slightly depressed, with irregularly scattered punctures; S1 anteriorly without medial longitudinal carina, with posterolateral groove;
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3
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5 anteriorly with dense punctures, punctures gradually sparser from anterior to posterior area; anterior half of pygidium with dense punctures, and posterior half impunctate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="C9FF6D4A736CFFBD5AD241530E72A415" bold="true" box="[199,353,582,608]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="839CF1C8736CFFBD5B7241520EB9A414" box="[359,426,583,609]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">China</collectingCountry>
(
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,
<collectingRegion id="394F7FBA736CFFBD581941520D60A414" box="[524,627,583,609]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
,
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,
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,
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,
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,
<collectingRegion id="394F7FBA736CFFBD5E7741520BD1A414" box="[1122,1218,583,609]" country="China" name="Taiwan)" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Taiwan)</collectingRegion>
.
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