791 lines
142 KiB
XML
791 lines
142 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.69.79931" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e58ae50b-2b62-4c1c-b1fd-09b0f6aa001d" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193323624" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-19" ID-Pensoft-UUID="024B3AF3339C5F8CAA644EA4F78EA082" ID-ZooBank="02E8488BDDA7464CABC239424200939E" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:389A05CE-C2C1-4C31-9E8D-F0F9C1CBC1FD" ModsDocID="1860-1324-69-1-19" checkinTime="1644448212315" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Schmidt, Joachim, Scholz, Stephan & Will, Kipling" docDate="2022" docId="46DF92A83BC05619A905A3B2DAF1AD34" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 69(1): 19-44" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 69 (1)" docPubDate="2022-02-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.69.79931" docTitle="Quasicalathus Schmidt & Will 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="389A05CE-C2C1-4C31-9E8D-F0F9C1CBC1FD" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="024B3AF3339C5F8CAA644EA4F78EA082" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="024B3AF3339C5F8CAA644EA4F78EA082" masterDocTitle="Character analysis and descriptions of Eocene sphodrine fossils (Coleoptera, Carabidae) using light microscopy, micro-CT scanning, and 3 D imaging" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="19" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1644452730977" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Character analysis and descriptions of Eocene sphodrine fossils (Coleoptera, Carabidae) using light microscopy, micro-CT scanning, and 3 D imaging</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schmidt, Joachim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Rostock, Institute of Biosciences, General and Systematic Zoology, Universitaetsplatz 2, 18055 Rostock, German</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">agonumschmidt@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scholz, Stephan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Rostock, Institute of Biosciences, General and Systematic Zoology, Universitaetsplatz 2, 18055 Rostock, German</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Will, Kipling</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-9011</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Essig Museum of Entomology, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, # 4780 University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 4780, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-02-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>69</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>19</mods:start>
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<mods:end>44</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.69.79931</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.69.79931</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-1-19</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">02E8488BDDA7464CABC239424200939E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">024B3AF3339C5F8CAA644EA4F78EA082</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193323624" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:389A05CE-C2C1-4C31-9E8D-F0F9C1CBC1FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/46DF92A83BC05619A905A3B2DAF1AD34" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org389A05CE-C2C1-4C31-9E8D-F0F9C1CBC1FD" authority="Schmidt & Will" authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Quasicalathus Schmidt & Will</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="19">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus conservans" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="conservans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus conservans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Schmidt & Will, sp. nov., fossil species from the Eocene Rovno amber, herein designated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="species included">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Species included.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Three fossil species from Eocene amber deposits of Central Europe:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus agonicollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="agonicollis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus agonicollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Schmidt & Will, sp. nov. (Baltic amber).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus conservans" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="conservans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus conservans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Schmidt & Will, sp. nov. (Rovno amber).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Scholz & Will" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Ortuno & Arillo" baseAuthorityYear="2009" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="elpis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus elpis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ortuño">Ortuno</normalizedToken>
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& Arillo, 2009), new combination (Baltic amber).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Taxon with characteristics of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, respectively, as defined by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1956.tb01274.x" author="Lindroth, CH" journalOrPublisher="The Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="485 - 576" refId="B20" refString="Lindroth, CH, 1956. A revision of the genus Synuchus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the widest sense, with notes on Pristosia Motschulsky (Eucalathus Bates) and Calathus Bonelli. The Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 108: 485 - 576, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1956.tb01274.x" title="A revision of the genus Synuchus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the widest sense, with notes on Pristosia Motschulsky (Eucalathus Bates) and Calathus Bonelli." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1956.tb01274.x" volume="108" year="1956">Lindroth (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Ball, GE" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="412 - 533" refId="B4" refString="Ball, GE, Negre, J, 1972. The taxonomy of the Nearctic species of the genus Calathus Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Agonini). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 98: 412 - 533" title="The taxonomy of the Nearctic species of the genus Calathus Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Agonini)." volume="98" year="1972">
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Ball and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Nègre">Negre</normalizedToken>
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(1972)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. The combination of the following character states defines the group:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Head: normal for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
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, not thickened (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–24" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 24. Quasicalathus, light microscopic images of Q. elpis Ortuno & Arillo, 2009 (18 - 20.) and Q. agonicollis sp. nov. (21 - 24.). 18. General view of the amber piece " MAIG 76 " (only that part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown; the fossil is widely covered by milky coating); 19. General view of the two fragments of specimen " GZG 16185 "; the left one bears only the negative imprint of the left elytra on the inclusion wall; 20. Right anterior part of body of specimen " GZG 16185 " showing part of head, pronotum and humerus; 21, 22. General view of the amber piece " GZG 16188 " (21. With fossil in dorsal view; 22. In ventral view); 23. Anterior part of specimen " GZG 16188 "; 24. Head of specimen " GZG 16188 ". Abbreviations: a 1 - a 6 - antennomeres 1 - 6; as - anterior supraorbital seta; bs - pronotal laterobasal seta; ms - pronotal lateral seta; ps - posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures18-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643954" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">24</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 39–46" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 39 - 46. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7814 " using different grey scales of the Amira software. 39. Dorsal aspect; 40. Lateral aspect. The displaced aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software in Figures 39 and 40; 41. Head (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 42. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 43 - 46. Remains of the aedeagus in right lateral aspect (43.); Left lateral aspect (44.); Left lateral aspect (45.); Dorsal aspect (46.). The distal margins of the styloid apophysis of the right paramere in Fig. 43 and the lobate apophysis of the left paramere in Fig. 45 are highlighted by red dotted lines. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; os - distal ostium; pml - left paramere; pmr - right paramere; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures39-46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643958" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">41</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 81–89" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 81 - 89. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype. 81. Head, dorsal aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 82. Head, ventral aspect; 83. Left external part of metathorax, ventral view; 84. Submentum (the arrows point to the insertions of the four lateral setae); 85. Posterior part of prosternum and procoxae; 86. Posterior part of metasternum and metacoxae; 87 - 89. Preserved remains of the aedeagus (87. Right lateral aspect; 88. Dorsal aspect; 89. Left lateral aspect). Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; ce - compound eye; cxp - metacoxal plate; eph - partly evaginated lobes of endophallus; gu - gula; mem - metepimeron; mes - metepisternum; mtt - mentum tooth; mv - metaventrite; pcx - procoxa; pmr - preserved distal part of right paramere of aedeagal median lobe; psp - prosternal process; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tl - terminal lamella of aedeagal median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures81-89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643966" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">81</figureCitation>
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); mandibles normal for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
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, not broadened, not elongated (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–5" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (1 - 3.) and " Groehn 7814 " (4, 5.). 1, 5. General view of the amber pieces; 2. Ventral side of head (the white arrow points to the mentum tooth; note that the mentum is somewhat detached from the head capsule); 3. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri; 4. Right lateral view of body." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643951" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 52. Head, ventral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae near base of mentum tooth and on submentum); 53. Abdomen, left lateral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae on ventrites IV, V, and VI); 54. Metacoxal area (the arrows point to the insertions of the coxal setae); 55. Apical gonocoxites, ventral aspect; 56. Apical gonocoxites, dorsal aspect; 57. Gonocoxites and remains of the bursa copulatrix (the latter was highlighted by red colour using the segmentation function of Amira software). Abbreviations: at - apical tooth of retinacle; kes - metathoracic katepisternum; cx - metacoxa; cxp - metacoxal plate; des - dorsal ensiform setae; ep - elytral epipleuron; fm - metafemur; gu - gula; mdl - left mandible; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; mdr - right mandible; mo - molar; mt - mentum; sp - sensory pit; tr - metatrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae; v 3, v 4, v 5, v 6 - ventritres III, IV, V, VI." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643960" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">52</figureCitation>
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); eye size averaged for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
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, normally protruded (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–24" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 24. Quasicalathus, light microscopic images of Q. elpis Ortuno & Arillo, 2009 (18 - 20.) and Q. agonicollis sp. nov. (21 - 24.). 18. General view of the amber piece " MAIG 76 " (only that part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown; the fossil is widely covered by milky coating); 19. General view of the two fragments of specimen " GZG 16185 "; the left one bears only the negative imprint of the left elytra on the inclusion wall; 20. Right anterior part of body of specimen " GZG 16185 " showing part of head, pronotum and humerus; 21, 22. General view of the amber piece " GZG 16188 " (21. With fossil in dorsal view; 22. In ventral view); 23. Anterior part of specimen " GZG 16188 "; 24. Head of specimen " GZG 16188 ". Abbreviations: a 1 - a 6 - antennomeres 1 - 6; as - anterior supraorbital seta; bs - pronotal laterobasal seta; ms - pronotal lateral seta; ps - posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures18-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643954" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">24</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 39–46" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 39 - 46. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7814 " using different grey scales of the Amira software. 39. Dorsal aspect; 40. Lateral aspect. The displaced aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software in Figures 39 and 40; 41. Head (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 42. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 43 - 46. Remains of the aedeagus in right lateral aspect (43.); Left lateral aspect (44.); Left lateral aspect (45.); Dorsal aspect (46.). The distal margins of the styloid apophysis of the right paramere in Fig. 43 and the lobate apophysis of the left paramere in Fig. 45 are highlighted by red dotted lines. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; os - distal ostium; pml - left paramere; pmr - right paramere; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures39-46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643958" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">41</figureCitation>
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); antennae pubescent from fourth antennomere (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–24" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 24. Quasicalathus, light microscopic images of Q. elpis Ortuno & Arillo, 2009 (18 - 20.) and Q. agonicollis sp. nov. (21 - 24.). 18. General view of the amber piece " MAIG 76 " (only that part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown; the fossil is widely covered by milky coating); 19. General view of the two fragments of specimen " GZG 16185 "; the left one bears only the negative imprint of the left elytra on the inclusion wall; 20. Right anterior part of body of specimen " GZG 16185 " showing part of head, pronotum and humerus; 21, 22. General view of the amber piece " GZG 16188 " (21. With fossil in dorsal view; 22. In ventral view); 23. Anterior part of specimen " GZG 16188 "; 24. Head of specimen " GZG 16188 ". Abbreviations: a 1 - a 6 - antennomeres 1 - 6; as - anterior supraorbital seta; bs - pronotal laterobasal seta; ms - pronotal lateral seta; ps - posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures18-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643954" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">20</figureCitation>
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); mentum tooth simple or slightly truncated at tip, with two fine setae near its base (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 52. Head, ventral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae near base of mentum tooth and on submentum); 53. Abdomen, left lateral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae on ventrites IV, V, and VI); 54. Metacoxal area (the arrows point to the insertions of the coxal setae); 55. Apical gonocoxites, ventral aspect; 56. Apical gonocoxites, dorsal aspect; 57. Gonocoxites and remains of the bursa copulatrix (the latter was highlighted by red colour using the segmentation function of Amira software). Abbreviations: at - apical tooth of retinacle; kes - metathoracic katepisternum; cx - metacoxa; cxp - metacoxal plate; des - dorsal ensiform setae; ep - elytral epipleuron; fm - metafemur; gu - gula; mdl - left mandible; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; mdr - right mandible; mo - molar; mt - mentum; sp - sensory pit; tr - metatrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae; v 3, v 4, v 5, v 6 - ventritres III, IV, V, VI." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643960" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">52</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 81–89" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 81 - 89. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype. 81. Head, dorsal aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 82. Head, ventral aspect; 83. Left external part of metathorax, ventral view; 84. Submentum (the arrows point to the insertions of the four lateral setae); 85. Posterior part of prosternum and procoxae; 86. Posterior part of metasternum and metacoxae; 87 - 89. Preserved remains of the aedeagus (87. Right lateral aspect; 88. Dorsal aspect; 89. Left lateral aspect). Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; ce - compound eye; cxp - metacoxal plate; eph - partly evaginated lobes of endophallus; gu - gula; mem - metepimeron; mes - metepisternum; mtt - mentum tooth; mv - metaventrite; pcx - procoxa; pmr - preserved distal part of right paramere of aedeagal median lobe; psp - prosternal process; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tl - terminal lamella of aedeagal median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures81-89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643966" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">82</figureCitation>
|
||
); submentum with two setae each side in normal position, with the internal setae robust and the external setae markedly short and thin (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 31–33" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 31 - 33. Quasicalathus, light microscopic images of the holotypes of Q. agonicollis sp. nov. (31.) and Q. conservans sp. nov. (32, 33.). 31. Ventral side of head showing chaetotaxy of mentum; 32. General view of the amber piece with fossil in dorsal view; 32. Left lateral view. Abbreviations: ce - compound eye; el - elytron; ems - external seta of submentum; gu - gula; ims - internal seta of submentum; msf - mesofemur; mt - mentum; mtf - metafemur; prf - profemur; pt - pronotum." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures31-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643956" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">31</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 52. Head, ventral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae near base of mentum tooth and on submentum); 53. Abdomen, left lateral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae on ventrites IV, V, and VI); 54. Metacoxal area (the arrows point to the insertions of the coxal setae); 55. Apical gonocoxites, ventral aspect; 56. Apical gonocoxites, dorsal aspect; 57. Gonocoxites and remains of the bursa copulatrix (the latter was highlighted by red colour using the segmentation function of Amira software). Abbreviations: at - apical tooth of retinacle; kes - metathoracic katepisternum; cx - metacoxa; cxp - metacoxal plate; des - dorsal ensiform setae; ep - elytral epipleuron; fm - metafemur; gu - gula; mdl - left mandible; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; mdr - right mandible; mo - molar; mt - mentum; sp - sensory pit; tr - metatrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae; v 3, v 4, v 5, v 6 - ventritres III, IV, V, VI." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643960" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">52</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 81–89" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 81 - 89. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype. 81. Head, dorsal aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 82. Head, ventral aspect; 83. Left external part of metathorax, ventral view; 84. Submentum (the arrows point to the insertions of the four lateral setae); 85. Posterior part of prosternum and procoxae; 86. Posterior part of metasternum and metacoxae; 87 - 89. Preserved remains of the aedeagus (87. Right lateral aspect; 88. Dorsal aspect; 89. Left lateral aspect). Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; ce - compound eye; cxp - metacoxal plate; eph - partly evaginated lobes of endophallus; gu - gula; mem - metepimeron; mes - metepisternum; mtt - mentum tooth; mv - metaventrite; pcx - procoxa; pmr - preserved distal part of right paramere of aedeagal median lobe; psp - prosternal process; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tl - terminal lamella of aedeagal median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures81-89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643966" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">84</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Prothorax: pronotal shape subquadrate (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“calathoid”">"calathoid"</normalizedToken>
|
||
form; Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–5" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (1 - 3.) and " Groehn 7814 " (4, 5.). 1, 5. General view of the amber pieces; 2. Ventral side of head (the white arrow points to the mentum tooth; note that the mentum is somewhat detached from the head capsule); 3. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri; 4. Right lateral view of body." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643951" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–17" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 13 - 17. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " CCHH 952 " (13 - 15.) and " OSAC 269 " (16, 17.). 13. Dorsal view of body; 14. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri (the white arrows point the insertion pores of the parascutellary setae); 15, 17. General view of the amber pieces; 16. Posterior part of left elytron (the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures13-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643953" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 34–38" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 34 - 38. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (34 - 37.) and " Groehn 7814 " (38.). 34. Dorsal aspect; 35. Right lateral aspect; 36. Ventral aspect; 37, 38. Prosternum and basal portions of prolegs. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; fm - profemur; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures34-38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643957" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 39–46" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 39 - 46. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7814 " using different grey scales of the Amira software. 39. Dorsal aspect; 40. Lateral aspect. The displaced aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software in Figures 39 and 40; 41. Head (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 42. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 43 - 46. Remains of the aedeagus in right lateral aspect (43.); Left lateral aspect (44.); Left lateral aspect (45.); Dorsal aspect (46.). The distal margins of the styloid apophysis of the right paramere in Fig. 43 and the lobate apophysis of the left paramere in Fig. 45 are highlighted by red dotted lines. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; os - distal ostium; pml - left paramere; pmr - right paramere; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures39-46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643958" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">42</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 47–51" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 47 - 51. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 47. Dorsal aspect; 48. Left lateral aspect; 49. Ventral aspect; 50. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 51. Prosternum (for better view the prolegs are partly removed using the clipping plane function of Amira software. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures47-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643959" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">50</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 58–60" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 58 - 60. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of the dorsal aspects of specimens " Groehn 7962 " (58.), " CCHH 952 " (59.), and " OSAC 265 " (60.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures58-60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643961" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">58-60</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 61–64" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 61 - 64. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " MAIG 76 " (61 - 63.) and " GZG 16185 " (64.); 61. Dorsal aspect; 62. Right lateral aspect; 63, 64. Pronotum (the pronotal outline on left side is highlighted by dotted line in Fig. 64)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures61-64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643962" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">63</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 61–64" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 61 - 64. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " MAIG 76 " (61 - 63.) and " GZG 16185 " (64.); 61. Dorsal aspect; 62. Right lateral aspect; 63, 64. Pronotum (the pronotal outline on left side is highlighted by dotted line in Fig. 64)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures61-64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643962" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">64</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 73–77" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 73 - 77. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of specimen " GZG 16188 ". 73. Dorsal aspect; 74. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (right side of body; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral seta and the parascutellar seta); 75. Prosternum with basal portion of prolegs; 76. Left apical gonocoxite, ventral aspect; 77. Gonocoxites, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; des - dorsal ensiform setae; fm - profemur; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; hm - humerus; pst - prosternum; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tr - protrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures73-77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643964" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">73</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 78–80" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 78 - 80. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 78. Dorsal aspect; 79. Left lateral aspect (aed - aedeagus); 80. Ventral aspect; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures78-80" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643965" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">78</figureCitation>
|
||
), slightly or moderately constricted toward base, with lateral margin straight or slightly concave before base, and with basolateral angles slightly or moderately obtuse (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–17" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 13 - 17. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " CCHH 952 " (13 - 15.) and " OSAC 269 " (16, 17.). 13. Dorsal view of body; 14. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri (the white arrows point the insertion pores of the parascutellary setae); 15, 17. General view of the amber pieces; 16. Posterior part of left elytron (the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures13-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643953" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 39–46" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 39 - 46. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7814 " using different grey scales of the Amira software. 39. Dorsal aspect; 40. Lateral aspect. The displaced aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software in Figures 39 and 40; 41. Head (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 42. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 43 - 46. Remains of the aedeagus in right lateral aspect (43.); Left lateral aspect (44.); Left lateral aspect (45.); Dorsal aspect (46.). The distal margins of the styloid apophysis of the right paramere in Fig. 43 and the lobate apophysis of the left paramere in Fig. 45 are highlighted by red dotted lines. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; os - distal ostium; pml - left paramere; pmr - right paramere; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures39-46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643958" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">42</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 47–51" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 47 - 51. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 47. Dorsal aspect; 48. Left lateral aspect; 49. Ventral aspect; 50. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 51. Prosternum (for better view the prolegs are partly removed using the clipping plane function of Amira software. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures47-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643959" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">50</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 61–64" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 61 - 64. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " MAIG 76 " (61 - 63.) and " GZG 16185 " (64.); 61. Dorsal aspect; 62. Right lateral aspect; 63, 64. Pronotum (the pronotal outline on left side is highlighted by dotted line in Fig. 64)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures61-64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643962" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">63</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 61–64" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 61 - 64. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " MAIG 76 " (61 - 63.) and " GZG 16185 " (64.); 61. Dorsal aspect; 62. Right lateral aspect; 63, 64. Pronotum (the pronotal outline on left side is highlighted by dotted line in Fig. 64)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures61-64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643962" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">64</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 73–77" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 73 - 77. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of specimen " GZG 16188 ". 73. Dorsal aspect; 74. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (right side of body; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral seta and the parascutellar seta); 75. Prosternum with basal portion of prolegs; 76. Left apical gonocoxite, ventral aspect; 77. Gonocoxites, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; des - dorsal ensiform setae; fm - profemur; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; hm - humerus; pst - prosternum; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tr - protrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures73-77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643964" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">74</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 78–80" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 78 - 80. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 78. Dorsal aspect; 79. Left lateral aspect (aed - aedeagus); 80. Ventral aspect; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures78-80" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643965" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">78</figureCitation>
|
||
); basolateral angles not protruded posteriorly; basal margin beaded laterally (level of basolateral angles); basolateral seta situated at margin (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–17" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 13 - 17. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " CCHH 952 " (13 - 15.) and " OSAC 269 " (16, 17.). 13. Dorsal view of body; 14. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri (the white arrows point the insertion pores of the parascutellary setae); 15, 17. General view of the amber pieces; 16. Posterior part of left elytron (the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures13-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643953" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–24" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 24. Quasicalathus, light microscopic images of Q. elpis Ortuno & Arillo, 2009 (18 - 20.) and Q. agonicollis sp. nov. (21 - 24.). 18. General view of the amber piece " MAIG 76 " (only that part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown; the fossil is widely covered by milky coating); 19. General view of the two fragments of specimen " GZG 16185 "; the left one bears only the negative imprint of the left elytra on the inclusion wall; 20. Right anterior part of body of specimen " GZG 16185 " showing part of head, pronotum and humerus; 21, 22. General view of the amber piece " GZG 16188 " (21. With fossil in dorsal view; 22. In ventral view); 23. Anterior part of specimen " GZG 16188 "; 24. Head of specimen " GZG 16188 ". Abbreviations: a 1 - a 6 - antennomeres 1 - 6; as - anterior supraorbital seta; bs - pronotal laterobasal seta; ms - pronotal lateral seta; ps - posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures18-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643954" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">20</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 39–46" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 39 - 46. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7814 " using different grey scales of the Amira software. 39. Dorsal aspect; 40. Lateral aspect. The displaced aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software in Figures 39 and 40; 41. Head (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 42. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 43 - 46. Remains of the aedeagus in right lateral aspect (43.); Left lateral aspect (44.); Left lateral aspect (45.); Dorsal aspect (46.). The distal margins of the styloid apophysis of the right paramere in Fig. 43 and the lobate apophysis of the left paramere in Fig. 45 are highlighted by red dotted lines. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; os - distal ostium; pml - left paramere; pmr - right paramere; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures39-46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643958" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">42</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 47–51" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 47 - 51. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 47. Dorsal aspect; 48. Left lateral aspect; 49. Ventral aspect; 50. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 51. Prosternum (for better view the prolegs are partly removed using the clipping plane function of Amira software. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures47-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643959" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">50</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 65–72" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 65 - 72. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 65. Dorsal aspect (the negative imprint of the fossil on the inclusion wall is shown); 66. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (positive of the fossilized beetle is shown; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral setae and the parascutellar setae); 67. Metacoxa (the arrows point to the insertions of the three coxal setae each side); 68 - 71. Aedeagus in dorsal aspect (68.), Right lateral aspect (69.), Ventral aspect (70.), Left lateral aspect (71.); The remains of the parameres are coloured (red: left paramere; green: right paramere); 72. left lateral aspect of beetle body; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; hm - humerus; os - distal ostium of median lobe; sc - scutellum; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures65-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643963" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">66</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 73–77" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 73 - 77. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of specimen " GZG 16188 ". 73. Dorsal aspect; 74. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (right side of body; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral seta and the parascutellar seta); 75. Prosternum with basal portion of prolegs; 76. Left apical gonocoxite, ventral aspect; 77. Gonocoxites, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; des - dorsal ensiform setae; fm - profemur; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; hm - humerus; pst - prosternum; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tr - protrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures73-77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643964" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">74</figureCitation>
|
||
); pronotal disc with sculpticells of microsculpture transverse, very narrow (magnification 80
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Prosternum impunctate, smooth, prosternal process with or without apical bead (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 34–38" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 34 - 38. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (34 - 37.) and " Groehn 7814 " (38.). 34. Dorsal aspect; 35. Right lateral aspect; 36. Ventral aspect; 37, 38. Prosternum and basal portions of prolegs. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; fm - profemur; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures34-38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643957" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">37</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 34–38" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 34 - 38. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (34 - 37.) and " Groehn 7814 " (38.). 34. Dorsal aspect; 35. Right lateral aspect; 36. Ventral aspect; 37, 38. Prosternum and basal portions of prolegs. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; fm - profemur; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures34-38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643957" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">38</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 47–51" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 47 - 51. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 47. Dorsal aspect; 48. Left lateral aspect; 49. Ventral aspect; 50. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 51. Prosternum (for better view the prolegs are partly removed using the clipping plane function of Amira software. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures47-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643959" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">51</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 73–77" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 73 - 77. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of specimen " GZG 16188 ". 73. Dorsal aspect; 74. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (right side of body; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral seta and the parascutellar seta); 75. Prosternum with basal portion of prolegs; 76. Left apical gonocoxite, ventral aspect; 77. Gonocoxites, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; des - dorsal ensiform setae; fm - profemur; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; hm - humerus; pst - prosternum; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tr - protrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures73-77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643964" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">75</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 81–89" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 81 - 89. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype. 81. Head, dorsal aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 82. Head, ventral aspect; 83. Left external part of metathorax, ventral view; 84. Submentum (the arrows point to the insertions of the four lateral setae); 85. Posterior part of prosternum and procoxae; 86. Posterior part of metasternum and metacoxae; 87 - 89. Preserved remains of the aedeagus (87. Right lateral aspect; 88. Dorsal aspect; 89. Left lateral aspect). Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; ce - compound eye; cxp - metacoxal plate; eph - partly evaginated lobes of endophallus; gu - gula; mem - metepimeron; mes - metepisternum; mtt - mentum tooth; mv - metaventrite; pcx - procoxa; pmr - preserved distal part of right paramere of aedeagal median lobe; psp - prosternal process; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tl - terminal lamella of aedeagal median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures81-89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643966" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">85</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Pterothorax: elytra slender, ovate, glabrous, humeral tooth absent; basal bead moderately or markedly concave with humeral angle +/- markedly protruded anteriorly (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–17" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 13 - 17. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " CCHH 952 " (13 - 15.) and " OSAC 269 " (16, 17.). 13. Dorsal view of body; 14. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri (the white arrows point the insertion pores of the parascutellary setae); 15, 17. General view of the amber pieces; 16. Posterior part of left elytron (the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures13-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643953" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 34–38" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 34 - 38. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (34 - 37.) and " Groehn 7814 " (38.). 34. Dorsal aspect; 35. Right lateral aspect; 36. Ventral aspect; 37, 38. Prosternum and basal portions of prolegs. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; fm - profemur; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures34-38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643957" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 47–51" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 47 - 51. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 47. Dorsal aspect; 48. Left lateral aspect; 49. Ventral aspect; 50. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 51. Prosternum (for better view the prolegs are partly removed using the clipping plane function of Amira software. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures47-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643959" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">47</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 58–60" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 58 - 60. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of the dorsal aspects of specimens " Groehn 7962 " (58.), " CCHH 952 " (59.), and " OSAC 265 " (60.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures58-60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643961" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">58</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 61–64" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 61 - 64. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " MAIG 76 " (61 - 63.) and " GZG 16185 " (64.); 61. Dorsal aspect; 62. Right lateral aspect; 63, 64. Pronotum (the pronotal outline on left side is highlighted by dotted line in Fig. 64)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures61-64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643962" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">61</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 65–72" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 65 - 72. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 65. Dorsal aspect (the negative imprint of the fossil on the inclusion wall is shown); 66. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (positive of the fossilized beetle is shown; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral setae and the parascutellar setae); 67. Metacoxa (the arrows point to the insertions of the three coxal setae each side); 68 - 71. Aedeagus in dorsal aspect (68.), Right lateral aspect (69.), Ventral aspect (70.), Left lateral aspect (71.); The remains of the parameres are coloured (red: left paramere; green: right paramere); 72. left lateral aspect of beetle body; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; hm - humerus; os - distal ostium of median lobe; sc - scutellum; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures65-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643963" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">66</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 73–77" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 73 - 77. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of specimen " GZG 16188 ". 73. Dorsal aspect; 74. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (right side of body; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral seta and the parascutellar seta); 75. Prosternum with basal portion of prolegs; 76. Left apical gonocoxite, ventral aspect; 77. Gonocoxites, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; des - dorsal ensiform setae; fm - profemur; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; hm - humerus; pst - prosternum; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tr - protrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures73-77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643964" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">74</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 78–80" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 78 - 80. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 78. Dorsal aspect; 79. Left lateral aspect (aed - aedeagus); 80. Ventral aspect; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures78-80" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643965" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">78</figureCitation>
|
||
); epipleuron without plica (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 52. Head, ventral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae near base of mentum tooth and on submentum); 53. Abdomen, left lateral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae on ventrites IV, V, and VI); 54. Metacoxal area (the arrows point to the insertions of the coxal setae); 55. Apical gonocoxites, ventral aspect; 56. Apical gonocoxites, dorsal aspect; 57. Gonocoxites and remains of the bursa copulatrix (the latter was highlighted by red colour using the segmentation function of Amira software). Abbreviations: at - apical tooth of retinacle; kes - metathoracic katepisternum; cx - metacoxa; cxp - metacoxal plate; des - dorsal ensiform setae; ep - elytral epipleuron; fm - metafemur; gu - gula; mdl - left mandible; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; mdr - right mandible; mo - molar; mt - mentum; sp - sensory pit; tr - metatrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae; v 3, v 4, v 5, v 6 - ventritres III, IV, V, VI." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643960" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">53</figureCitation>
|
||
); striae slightly to moderately deeply engraved, with punctures evident (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">27</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 58–60" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 58 - 60. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of the dorsal aspects of specimens " Groehn 7962 " (58.), " CCHH 952 " (59.), and " OSAC 265 " (60.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures58-60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643961" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">58</figureCitation>
|
||
); intervals flat to moderately convex; parascutellar seta present (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–17" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 13 - 17. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " CCHH 952 " (13 - 15.) and " OSAC 269 " (16, 17.). 13. Dorsal view of body; 14. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri (the white arrows point the insertion pores of the parascutellary setae); 15, 17. General view of the amber pieces; 16. Posterior part of left elytron (the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures13-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643953" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 65–72" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 65 - 72. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 65. Dorsal aspect (the negative imprint of the fossil on the inclusion wall is shown); 66. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (positive of the fossilized beetle is shown; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral setae and the parascutellar setae); 67. Metacoxa (the arrows point to the insertions of the three coxal setae each side); 68 - 71. Aedeagus in dorsal aspect (68.), Right lateral aspect (69.), Ventral aspect (70.), Left lateral aspect (71.); The remains of the parameres are coloured (red: left paramere; green: right paramere); 72. left lateral aspect of beetle body; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; hm - humerus; os - distal ostium of median lobe; sc - scutellum; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures65-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643963" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">66</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 73–77" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 73 - 77. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of specimen " GZG 16188 ". 73. Dorsal aspect; 74. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (right side of body; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral seta and the parascutellar seta); 75. Prosternum with basal portion of prolegs; 76. Left apical gonocoxite, ventral aspect; 77. Gonocoxites, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; des - dorsal ensiform setae; fm - profemur; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; hm - humerus; pst - prosternum; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tr - protrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures73-77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643964" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">74</figureCitation>
|
||
); third interval with a single rather short, thin discal seta situated near the end of the apical elytral 2/3, adjoining second stria (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–17" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 13 - 17. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " CCHH 952 " (13 - 15.) and " OSAC 269 " (16, 17.). 13. Dorsal view of body; 14. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri (the white arrows point the insertion pores of the parascutellary setae); 15, 17. General view of the amber pieces; 16. Posterior part of left elytron (the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures13-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643953" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">27</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">29</figureCitation>
|
||
; but see comments to the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Q." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elpis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Q. elpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, below), with surroundings of setigerous puncture not depressed; external intervals without setae; intervals with sculpticells of microsculpture transverse, very narrow, narrower than on pronotum (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">26</figureCitation>
|
||
; magnification 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
, elytra appearing polished at 40
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Metepisternum elongate (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–5" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (1 - 3.) and " Groehn 7814 " (4, 5.). 1, 5. General view of the amber pieces; 2. Ventral side of head (the white arrow points to the mentum tooth; note that the mentum is somewhat detached from the head capsule); 3. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri; 4. Right lateral view of body." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643951" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 61–64" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 61 - 64. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " MAIG 76 " (61 - 63.) and " GZG 16185 " (64.); 61. Dorsal aspect; 62. Right lateral aspect; 63, 64. Pronotum (the pronotal outline on left side is highlighted by dotted line in Fig. 64)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures61-64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643962" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">62</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 81–89" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 81 - 89. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype. 81. Head, dorsal aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 82. Head, ventral aspect; 83. Left external part of metathorax, ventral view; 84. Submentum (the arrows point to the insertions of the four lateral setae); 85. Posterior part of prosternum and procoxae; 86. Posterior part of metasternum and metacoxae; 87 - 89. Preserved remains of the aedeagus (87. Right lateral aspect; 88. Dorsal aspect; 89. Left lateral aspect). Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; ce - compound eye; cxp - metacoxal plate; eph - partly evaginated lobes of endophallus; gu - gula; mem - metepimeron; mes - metepisternum; mtt - mentum tooth; mv - metaventrite; pcx - procoxa; pmr - preserved distal part of right paramere of aedeagal median lobe; psp - prosternal process; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tl - terminal lamella of aedeagal median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures81-89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643966" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">83</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hindwings fully developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643951" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" start="Figures 1–5" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Figures 1-5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Scholz & Will" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Ortuno & Arillo" baseAuthorityYear="2009" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="elpis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus elpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" author="Ortuno, VM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="55 - 61" refId="B25" refString="Ortuno, VM, Arillo, A, 2009. Fossil carabids from Baltic amber - A new species of the genus Calathus Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichinae). Zootaxa 2239: 55 - 61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" title="Fossil carabids from Baltic amber - A new species of the genus Calathus Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" volume="2239" year="2009">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ortuño">Ortuno</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Arillo 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), light microscopic images of specimens "Groehn 4879" (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">1-3.</emphasis>
|
||
) and "Groehn 7814" (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">4, 5.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">1, 5.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the amber pieces;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">2.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral side of head (the white arrow points to the mentum tooth; note that the mentum is somewhat detached from the head capsule);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">3.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">4.</emphasis>
|
||
Right lateral view of body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Legs: length average for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, neither markedly slender nor particular robust (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–5" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (1 - 3.) and " Groehn 7814 " (4, 5.). 1, 5. General view of the amber pieces; 2. Ventral side of head (the white arrow points to the mentum tooth; note that the mentum is somewhat detached from the head capsule); 3. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri; 4. Right lateral view of body." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643951" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 25 - 30. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., light microscopic images of specimen " GZG 16188 " (25 - 26.) and the holotype (28 - 30.). 25. Posterior part of pronotum and anterior part of elytra, right side; 26. Anterior part of fifth interval of left elytra showing microsculpture; 27. Posterior part of elytra (the arrows point to the insertions of the discal setae); 28. General view of the amber piece; 29. Right dorsal view of beetle body (the arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta on left elytron); 30. Left ventral view. Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; m - mite (syninclusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures25-30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643955" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 34–38" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 34 - 38. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " Groehn 4879 " (34 - 37.) and " Groehn 7814 " (38.). 34. Dorsal aspect; 35. Right lateral aspect; 36. Ventral aspect; 37, 38. Prosternum and basal portions of prolegs. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; fm - profemur; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures34-38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643957" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">36</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 47–51" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 47 - 51. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 47. Dorsal aspect; 48. Left lateral aspect; 49. Ventral aspect; 50. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 51. Prosternum (for better view the prolegs are partly removed using the clipping plane function of Amira software. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; psp - prosternal process; tr - protrochanter." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures47-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643959" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">49</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 61–64" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 61 - 64. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimens " MAIG 76 " (61 - 63.) and " GZG 16185 " (64.); 61. Dorsal aspect; 62. Right lateral aspect; 63, 64. Pronotum (the pronotal outline on left side is highlighted by dotted line in Fig. 64)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures61-64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643962" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">62</figureCitation>
|
||
); male protarsomeres dilated; mesocoxa with a single ridge seta; metacoxa trisetose, with anterior seta large and with the two posterior setae small and thin, one located near external, one near internal margin (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 52. Head, ventral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae near base of mentum tooth and on submentum); 53. Abdomen, left lateral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae on ventrites IV, V, and VI); 54. Metacoxal area (the arrows point to the insertions of the coxal setae); 55. Apical gonocoxites, ventral aspect; 56. Apical gonocoxites, dorsal aspect; 57. Gonocoxites and remains of the bursa copulatrix (the latter was highlighted by red colour using the segmentation function of Amira software). Abbreviations: at - apical tooth of retinacle; kes - metathoracic katepisternum; cx - metacoxa; cxp - metacoxal plate; des - dorsal ensiform setae; ep - elytral epipleuron; fm - metafemur; gu - gula; mdl - left mandible; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; mdr - right mandible; mo - molar; mt - mentum; sp - sensory pit; tr - metatrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae; v 3, v 4, v 5, v 6 - ventritres III, IV, V, VI." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643960" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">54</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 65–72" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 65 - 72. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 65. Dorsal aspect (the negative imprint of the fossil on the inclusion wall is shown); 66. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (positive of the fossilized beetle is shown; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral setae and the parascutellar setae); 67. Metacoxa (the arrows point to the insertions of the three coxal setae each side); 68 - 71. Aedeagus in dorsal aspect (68.), Right lateral aspect (69.), Ventral aspect (70.), Left lateral aspect (71.); The remains of the parameres are coloured (red: left paramere; green: right paramere); 72. left lateral aspect of beetle body; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; hm - humerus; os - distal ostium of median lobe; sc - scutellum; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures65-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643963" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">67</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 81–89" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 81 - 89. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype. 81. Head, dorsal aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 82. Head, ventral aspect; 83. Left external part of metathorax, ventral view; 84. Submentum (the arrows point to the insertions of the four lateral setae); 85. Posterior part of prosternum and procoxae; 86. Posterior part of metasternum and metacoxae; 87 - 89. Preserved remains of the aedeagus (87. Right lateral aspect; 88. Dorsal aspect; 89. Left lateral aspect). Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; ce - compound eye; cxp - metacoxal plate; eph - partly evaginated lobes of endophallus; gu - gula; mem - metepimeron; mes - metepisternum; mtt - mentum tooth; mv - metaventrite; pcx - procoxa; pmr - preserved distal part of right paramere of aedeagal median lobe; psp - prosternal process; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tl - terminal lamella of aedeagal median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures81-89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643966" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">86</figureCitation>
|
||
; but see comments to the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Q." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elpis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Q. elpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
below); metatrochanter with seta present (but see comments to the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Q." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elpis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Q. elpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, below); metafemur with two setae on ventral surface, and with dorsoapical setae present; metatibia in male not densely pubescent; tarsi without pubescence or wrinkles on dorsal surface; meso- and metatarsomeres I-IV without external and internal lateral grooves; fifth tarsomeres with a single pair of dorsal setae, and with two pairs of ventral setae; claws pectinate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" start="Figures 6–12" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Figures 6-12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Scholz & Will" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Ortuno & Arillo" baseAuthorityYear="2009" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="elpis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus elpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" author="Ortuno, VM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="55 - 61" refId="B25" refString="Ortuno, VM, Arillo, A, 2009. Fossil carabids from Baltic amber - A new species of the genus Calathus Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichinae). Zootaxa 2239: 55 - 61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" title="Fossil carabids from Baltic amber - A new species of the genus Calathus Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" volume="2239" year="2009">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ortuño">Ortuno</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Arillo 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), light microscopic images of specimens "Groehn 7889" (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">6-8.</emphasis>
|
||
) and "Groehn 7962" (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">9-12.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">6, 10.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the amber pieces (in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">6</figureCitation>
|
||
, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fossil is shown);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">7.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral side of body;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">8.</emphasis>
|
||
Left mesotarsi iv + v;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">9.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">11, 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Medial part of left elytron (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">12</figureCitation>
|
||
shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 12. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), light microscopic images of specimens " Groehn 7889 " (6 - 8.) and " Groehn 7962 " (9 - 12.). 6, 10. General view of the amber pieces (in Fig. 6, only the part of the large amber piece bearing the Quasicalathus fossil is shown); 7. Ventral side of body; 8. Left mesotarsi iv + v; 9. Pronotum and anterior part of elytra, left side of body; 11, 12. Medial part of left elytron (Fig. 12 shows the enlarged part of the elytron marked by the white frame in Fig. 11; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations: bs - insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta; hm - humerus; I-VIII - elytral intervals 1 - 8." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures6-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643952" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">11</figureCitation>
|
||
; the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta). Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">bs</emphasis>
|
||
- insertion of the pronotal laterobasal seta;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">hm</emphasis>
|
||
- humerus;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">I-VIII</emphasis>
|
||
- elytral intervals 1-8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Abdomen: ventrites smooth aside from normal setation; apical ventrite in both sexes with one pair of seta near apical margin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 52. Head, ventral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae near base of mentum tooth and on submentum); 53. Abdomen, left lateral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae on ventrites IV, V, and VI); 54. Metacoxal area (the arrows point to the insertions of the coxal setae); 55. Apical gonocoxites, ventral aspect; 56. Apical gonocoxites, dorsal aspect; 57. Gonocoxites and remains of the bursa copulatrix (the latter was highlighted by red colour using the segmentation function of Amira software). Abbreviations: at - apical tooth of retinacle; kes - metathoracic katepisternum; cx - metacoxa; cxp - metacoxal plate; des - dorsal ensiform setae; ep - elytral epipleuron; fm - metafemur; gu - gula; mdl - left mandible; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; mdr - right mandible; mo - molar; mt - mentum; sp - sensory pit; tr - metatrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae; v 3, v 4, v 5, v 6 - ventritres III, IV, V, VI." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643960" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">53</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Female genitalia (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7889 ". 52. Head, ventral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae near base of mentum tooth and on submentum); 53. Abdomen, left lateral aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the setae on ventrites IV, V, and VI); 54. Metacoxal area (the arrows point to the insertions of the coxal setae); 55. Apical gonocoxites, ventral aspect; 56. Apical gonocoxites, dorsal aspect; 57. Gonocoxites and remains of the bursa copulatrix (the latter was highlighted by red colour using the segmentation function of Amira software). Abbreviations: at - apical tooth of retinacle; kes - metathoracic katepisternum; cx - metacoxa; cxp - metacoxal plate; des - dorsal ensiform setae; ep - elytral epipleuron; fm - metafemur; gu - gula; mdl - left mandible; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; mdr - right mandible; mo - molar; mt - mentum; sp - sensory pit; tr - metatrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae; v 3, v 4, v 5, v 6 - ventritres III, IV, V, VI." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643960" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">55-57</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 73–77" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 73 - 77. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of specimen " GZG 16188 ". 73. Dorsal aspect; 74. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (right side of body; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral seta and the parascutellar seta); 75. Prosternum with basal portion of prolegs; 76. Left apical gonocoxite, ventral aspect; 77. Gonocoxites, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; des - dorsal ensiform setae; fm - profemur; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; hm - humerus; pst - prosternum; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tr - protrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures73-77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643964" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">76</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 73–77" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 73 - 77. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of specimen " GZG 16188 ". 73. Dorsal aspect; 74. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (right side of body; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral seta and the parascutellar seta); 75. Prosternum with basal portion of prolegs; 76. Left apical gonocoxite, ventral aspect; 77. Gonocoxites, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: cx - procoxa; des - dorsal ensiform setae; fm - profemur; gx 1 - basal gonocoxite; gx 2 - apical gonocoxite; hm - humerus; pst - prosternum; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tr - protrochanter; ves - ventral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures73-77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643964" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">77</figureCitation>
|
||
): basal gonocoxite about two times longer than apical gonocoxite; apical gonocoxite short, sickle-shaped, with one ensiform seta at dorsal and two ensiform setae at external margin, and with sensory pit large, well-developed, with two setae; basal gonocoxite without setae near apical margin; bursa copulatrix not markedly sclerotized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures13-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643953" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" start="Figures 13–17" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Figures 13-17.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Scholz & Will" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Ortuno & Arillo" baseAuthorityYear="2009" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="elpis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus elpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" author="Ortuno, VM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="55 - 61" refId="B25" refString="Ortuno, VM, Arillo, A, 2009. Fossil carabids from Baltic amber - A new species of the genus Calathus Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichinae). Zootaxa 2239: 55 - 61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" title="Fossil carabids from Baltic amber - A new species of the genus Calathus Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2239.1.5" volume="2239" year="2009">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ortuño">Ortuno</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Arillo 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), light microscopic images of specimens "CCHH 952" (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">13-15.</emphasis>
|
||
) and "OSAC 269" (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">16, 17.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">13.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of body;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">14.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum and anterior part of elytra showing the markedly concave basal margin and projected humeri (the white arrows point the insertion pores of the parascutellary setae);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">15, 17.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the amber pieces;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">16.</emphasis>
|
||
Posterior part of left elytron (the white arrow points to the insertion of the discal seta).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Male genitalia (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 39–46" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 39 - 46. Quasicalathus elpis (Ortuno and Arillo 2009), volume rendering of specimen " Groehn 7814 " using different grey scales of the Amira software. 39. Dorsal aspect; 40. Lateral aspect. The displaced aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software in Figures 39 and 40; 41. Head (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 42. Pronotum (the arrows point to the insertions of the lateral setae); 43 - 46. Remains of the aedeagus in right lateral aspect (43.); Left lateral aspect (44.); Left lateral aspect (45.); Dorsal aspect (46.). The distal margins of the styloid apophysis of the right paramere in Fig. 43 and the lobate apophysis of the left paramere in Fig. 45 are highlighted by red dotted lines. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; os - distal ostium; pml - left paramere; pmr - right paramere; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures39-46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643958" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">43-46</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 65–72" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 65 - 72. Quasicalathus agonicollis sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 65. Dorsal aspect (the negative imprint of the fossil on the inclusion wall is shown); 66. Basal portion of pronotum and anterior part of elytra (positive of the fossilized beetle is shown; the arrows point to the insertions of the pronotal basolateral setae and the parascutellar setae); 67. Metacoxa (the arrows point to the insertions of the three coxal setae each side); 68 - 71. Aedeagus in dorsal aspect (68.), Right lateral aspect (69.), Ventral aspect (70.), Left lateral aspect (71.); The remains of the parameres are coloured (red: left paramere; green: right paramere); 72. left lateral aspect of beetle body; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software. Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; hm - humerus; os - distal ostium of median lobe; sc - scutellum; tl - terminal lamella of median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures65-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643963" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">68-72</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 78–80" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 78 - 80. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype using different grey scales of the Amira software. 78. Dorsal aspect; 79. Left lateral aspect (aed - aedeagus); 80. Ventral aspect; the aedeagus (highlighted by red colour) was separated by the segmentation function of Amira software." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures78-80" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643965" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">80</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 81–89" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 81 - 89. Quasicalathus conservans sp. nov., volume rendering of the holotype. 81. Head, dorsal aspect (the arrows point to the insertions of the supraorbital setae); 82. Head, ventral aspect; 83. Left external part of metathorax, ventral view; 84. Submentum (the arrows point to the insertions of the four lateral setae); 85. Posterior part of prosternum and procoxae; 86. Posterior part of metasternum and metacoxae; 87 - 89. Preserved remains of the aedeagus (87. Right lateral aspect; 88. Dorsal aspect; 89. Left lateral aspect). Abbreviations: bb - basal bulb of aedeagal median lobe; ce - compound eye; cxp - metacoxal plate; eph - partly evaginated lobes of endophallus; gu - gula; mem - metepimeron; mes - metepisternum; mtt - mentum tooth; mv - metaventrite; pcx - procoxa; pmr - preserved distal part of right paramere of aedeagal median lobe; psp - prosternal process; sc - scutellum; sps - setae of sensory pit; tl - terminal lamella of aedeagal median lobe." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures81-89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643966" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">87-89</figureCitation>
|
||
): aedeagus right side ventral in repose; right paramere styloid with distal portion very long and slender, not terminated in a distinct apical hook; left paramere ovoid; median lobe with long apical lamella, without apical disc.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
The name of the new subgenus is derived from the Latin conjunction
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“quasi”">"quasi"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(like; as it were) and the name of the ground beetle genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and thus refers to the morphological similarity to representatives of this genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="recognition and systematic placement within sphodrini">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Recognition and systematic placement within
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1834" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="tribe" tribe="Sphodrini">Sphodrini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Presence of a styloid right paramere (an apomorphic character state within
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1834" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="tribe" tribe="Sphodrini">Sphodrini</taxonomicName>
|
||
) differentiates
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Atranopsina">Atranopsina</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Synuchina">Synuchina</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks the stridulation organ that is an autapomorphy for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Atranopsina">Atranopsina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" refId="B6" refString="Casale, A, 1988. Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini). Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" title="Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini)." year="1988">Casale 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Presence of well-developed sensory pit of the apical gonocoxite (plesiomorphic state) differentiates
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Synuchina">Synuchina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" refId="B6" refString="Casale, A, 1988. Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini). Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" title="Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini)." year="1988">Casale 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dolichina">Dolichina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sciaky, R" journalOrPublisher="Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="235 - 240" refId="B36" refString="Sciaky, R, Facchini, S, 1997. Xestopus cyaneus new species from China (Coleoptera Carabidae). Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 129 (3): 235 - 240" title="Xestopus cyaneus new species from China (Coleoptera Carabidae)." volume="129" year="1997">Sciaky and Facchini (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sciaky, R" journalOrPublisher="Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="221 - 232" refId="B37" refString="Sciaky, R, Wrase, DW, 1998. Two new genera of Sphodrini Dolichina from China (Coleoptera Carabidae). Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 130 (3): 221 - 232" title="Two new genera of Sphodrini Dolichina from China (Coleoptera Carabidae)." volume="130" year="1998">Sciaky and Wrase (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hovorka, O" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Second edition. Brill Publishers, Leiden, Boston" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="768 - 769" refId="B14" refString="Hovorka, O, 2017b. Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834. In: Loebl, I, Loebl, D, Eds., Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera, Volume 1. Second edition. Brill Publishers, Leiden, Boston: 768 - 769" title="Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera, Volume 1." year="2017 b">Hovorka (2017b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Aedeagus with right side ventral in repose (right paramere styloid, left paramere ovoid; plesiomorphic state) differentiates
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pristosiina">Pristosiina</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The combination of the following characters states places
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
outside of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Sphodrina">Sphodrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" refId="B6" refString="Casale, A, 1988. Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini). Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" title="Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini)." year="1988">Casale (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Mentum tooth not bifid (plesiomorphic state); antennae pubescent from fourth antennomere (plesiomorphic state); tarsomeres without pubescence and smooth on dorsal surfaces (plesiomorphic state); claws pectinate (symplesiomorph with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1834" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="tribe" tribe="Sphodrini">Sphodrini</taxonomicName>
|
||
except
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Atranopsina">Atranopsina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reversed in some
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Sphodrina">Sphodrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
); aedeagal median lobe slender with long terminal lamella. The shape of the aedeagal median lobe and its terminal lamella is rather variable within
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dolichina">Dolichina</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Synuchina">Synuchina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1956.tb01274.x" author="Lindroth, CH" journalOrPublisher="The Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="485 - 576" refId="B20" refString="Lindroth, CH, 1956. A revision of the genus Synuchus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the widest sense, with notes on Pristosia Motschulsky (Eucalathus Bates) and Calathus Bonelli. The Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 108: 485 - 576, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1956.tb01274.x" title="A revision of the genus Synuchus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the widest sense, with notes on Pristosia Motschulsky (Eucalathus Bates) and Calathus Bonelli." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1956.tb01274.x" volume="108" year="1956">Lindroth 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Habu, A" journalOrPublisher="Keigaku Publishing, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" refId="B10" refString="Habu, A, 1978. Fauna Japonica. Carabidae: Platynini. Keigaku Publishing, Tokyo" title="Fauna Japonica. Carabidae: Platynini." year="1978">Habu 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" refId="B6" refString="Casale, A, 1988. Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini). Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" title="Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini)." year="1988">Casale 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Based on the overall similarity in external and genitalic characters the new, fossil genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strongly resembles extant species of subtribe
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
and genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see next section). However, as it was comprehensively discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" author="Schmidt, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="581 - 588" refId="B35" refString="Schmidt, J, Will, K, 2020. A new subgenus for " Acalathus " advena (LeConte, 1846) and the challenge of defining Calathina based on morphological characters (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini). Zootaxa 4544 (4): 581 - 588, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" title="A new subgenus for " Acalathus " advena (LeConte, 1846) and the challenge of defining Calathina based on morphological characters (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" volume="4544" year="2020">Schmidt and Will (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
is supported by molecular data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.023" author="Ruiz, C" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="59 - 73" refId="B26" refString="Ruiz, C, Jordal, B, Serrano, J, 2009. Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Sphodrini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 50 (1): 59 - 73, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.023" title="Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Sphodrini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.023" volume="50" year="2009">Ruiz et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.10.026" author="Ruiz, C" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="358 - 371" refId="B27" refString="Ruiz, C, Jordal, BH, Emerson, BC, Will, KW, Serrano, J, 2010. Molecular phylogeny and Holarctic diversification of the subtribe Calathina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Sphodrini). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 55: 358 - 371, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.10.026" title="Molecular phylogeny and Holarctic diversification of the subtribe Calathina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Sphodrini)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.10.026" volume="55" year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) while
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be paraphyletic, and morphological data supporting
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
monophyly are currently unknown. As a consequence, the definite, evidence-based, placement of fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in this subtribe is currently impossible. What can be stated regarding the systematic placement of this taxon is the following:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus is included in the "P clade" of Ruiz et al. (2009) based on the shared presence of the markedly styloid right paramere, which is most likely an autapomorphy of this clade. Atranopsina and all but one outgroup, Zabrini, are characterized by much shorter parameres. The styloid right paramere shows a pattern of homoplasy across carabids and is considered a separate transformation in Zabrini as this group has not been shown to be the sister group to Sphodrini in relevant phylogenetic analyses (Ruiz et al. 2009, Gomez et al. 2016).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus is not a member of Synuchina, Dolichina or Pristosiina, as each of these sphodrine subtribes is characterized by respective autapomorphic states that are not present in the fossil specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus is not a member of Sphodrina sensu Casale (1988) because each of the genera affiliated to this subtribe is characterized by at least one autapomorphic state that is not present in Quasicalathus (see above).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Given the lack of apparent morphological synapomorphies for subtribe Calathina and the genus Calathus there is currently no evidence that places Quasicalathus within, or as sister of, any one of these clades.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Fossils are basic for understanding the evolutionary history of species groups and fossil specimens are critical for time calibration of phylogenetic hypotheses. Therefore, in order to prevent misleading interpretations-e.g., the incorrect assignment of fossils that lack evidence of their placement-we propose the systematic position of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using a conservative, synapomorphy-based approach. This requires establishing the genus without a certain position within the sphodrine "P clade" of
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.023" author="Ruiz, C" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="59 - 73" refId="B26" refString="Ruiz, C, Jordal, B, Serrano, J, 2009. Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Sphodrini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 50 (1): 59 - 73, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.023" title="Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Sphodrini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.023" volume="50" year="2009">Ruiz et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1834" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="tribe" tribe="Sphodrini">Sphodrini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, informal group P clade,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="recognition with respect to calathina">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Recognition with respect to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
The overall similarity of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. n. with species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
makes it necessary to provide a detailed differential diagnosis of the new genus. Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" author="Schmidt, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="581 - 588" refId="B35" refString="Schmidt, J, Will, K, 2020. A new subgenus for " Acalathus " advena (LeConte, 1846) and the challenge of defining Calathina based on morphological characters (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini). Zootaxa 4544 (4): 581 - 588, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" title="A new subgenus for " Acalathus " advena (LeConte, 1846) and the challenge of defining Calathina based on morphological characters (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" volume="4544" year="2020">Schmidt and Will (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
presented an overview to the diagnostic characters of the currently accepted genera and subgenera placed within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and respectively
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hovorka, O" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Second edition. Brill Publishers, Leiden, Boston" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="760 - 768" refId="B13" refString="Hovorka, O, 2017a. Subtribe Calathina Laporte, 1834. In: Loebl, I, Loebl, D, Eds., Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera, Volume 1. Second edition. Brill Publishers, Leiden, Boston: 760 - 768" title="Subtribe Calathina Laporte, 1834." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera, Volume 1." year="2017 a">Hovorka (2017a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The Eocene
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all calathine species groups by presence of a single elytral discal seta (but see Remarks section to the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Scholz & Will" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt & Scholz & Will" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elpis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus elpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, below). All but one
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
are characterized by presence of at least two elytral discal setae, while the elytra of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ball & Negre" authorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tachalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tachalus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Tachalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ball &
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nègre">Negre</normalizedToken>
|
||
lacks discal setae.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
additionally differs from all calathine taxa, with the exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ragusa" authorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bedelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bedelinus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Bedelinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ragusa, by having a simple mentum tooth (entire instead of bifid), and trisetose metacoxa.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all but the Himalayan
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Spinocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Spinocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Schmidt by narrow transverse sculpticells of elytral microsculpture (nearly isodiametric in other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Spinocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
). A slightly transverse pattern of elytral microsculpture is developed in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Denticalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Denticalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Denticalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Schmidt, however, species of this group differ by pubescent third antennomere in addition to other characters mentioned above and below.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ragusa" authorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bedelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bedelinus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Bedelinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Spinocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Spinocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
additionally by removal of the pronotal laterobasal pronotal seta from the lateral margin, plus presence of lateral grooves on metatarsomeres I-IV.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Spinocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Spinocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the short metepisterneum, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ragusa" authorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bedelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bedelinus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Bedelinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and most
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Spinocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Spinocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by presence of an apical hook on the right paramere.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares meso- and metatarsomeres I-IV without external and internal lateral grooves with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Toribio" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Iberocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Iberocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Iberocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Toribio,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kurnakov" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Lindrothius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lindrothius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Lindrothius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kurnakov, some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Denticalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Denticalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Denticalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ball & Negre" authorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Neocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Neocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ball &
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nègre">Negre</normalizedToken>
|
||
. However, species of these groups differ by presence of an apical hook on the aedeagal right paramere (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kurnakov" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Lindrothius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lindrothius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Lindrothius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Calathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Denticalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Denticalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Denticalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ball & Negre" authorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Neocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Neocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and by a markedly sclerotized spermatheca plus presence of a single ensiform seta along the external margin of the apical gonocoxite (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Toribio" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Iberocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Iberocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Iberocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.69.79931.figures18-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/643954" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" start="Figures 18–24" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Figures 18-24.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, light microscopic images of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Q." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. elpis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elpis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Q. elpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ortuño">Ortuno</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Arillo, 2009 (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">18-20.</emphasis>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Q." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. agonicollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agonicollis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Q. agonicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">21-24.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">18.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the amber piece "MAIG 76" (only that part of the large amber piece bearing the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fossil is shown; the fossil is widely covered by milky coating);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">19.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the two fragments of specimen "GZG 16185"; the left one bears only the negative imprint of the left elytra on the inclusion wall;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">20.</emphasis>
|
||
Right anterior part of body of specimen "GZG 16185" showing part of head, pronotum and humerus;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">21, 22.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the amber piece "GZG 16188" (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">21.</emphasis>
|
||
With fossil in dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">22.</emphasis>
|
||
In ventral view);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">23.</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior part of specimen "GZG 16188";
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">24.</emphasis>
|
||
Head of specimen "GZG 16188". Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">a1-a6</emphasis>
|
||
- antennomeres 1-6;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">as</emphasis>
|
||
- anterior supraorbital seta;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">bs</emphasis>
|
||
- pronotal laterobasal seta;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">ms</emphasis>
|
||
- pronotal lateral seta;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">ps</emphasis>
|
||
- posterior supraorbital seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Here we hypothesize that i) presence of a single elytral discal seta and ii) presence of narrow transverse sculpticells of elytral microsculpture are synapomorphies of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schmidt & Will" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" genus="Quasicalathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quasicalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Quasicalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. n.; the similarly developed pattern of elytral microsculpture in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Spinocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Spinocalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Denticalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Denticalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Denticalathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are hypothesized as homoplasious as these groups share more derived patterns in some morphological features (e.g., bifid mentum tooth, bisetose metacoxa) together with other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Schmidt" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Denticalathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Calathina">Calathina</taxonomicName>
|
||
groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |