436 lines
45 KiB
XML
436 lines
45 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4B35F4A5FE40913BB2532C7681CA6ED6">The Six Dwarfs of the Middle East: revision of the enigmatic praying mantis genus Holaptilon (Mantodea: Gonypetidae: Gonypetinae) with the description of four new species under integrative taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="196E69DF7B8381036FEE3F61D67F4688">Mirzaee, Zohreh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D6D201B28B6E78AA0A8FB1BBC4A2F5E9">Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany & Entomology and Biogeography, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany & Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FB741A51317FA9F427D6165F282D8430" type="email">zmirzaee1988@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6BB2C35697CF42C056A2F42C31C9BAB6">Battiston, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C28845AE83CC527309FAA4BC8879F19D">Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali " G. Zannato ", Montecchio Maggiore, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="48139F29800B1DA50986566CB3AD5292">Ballarin, Francesco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1EC45EF650D3684B4BD70DB83A70D18E">Systematic Zoology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1 - 1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, - 192 - 0397, Tokyo, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D93C19D6CEDB504FC3CB126B9360FA33">Sadeghi, Saber</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="032A84AC134E374825C29C952206F8C6" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3183-8979</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="0BDCC56ADE5D38CBA0DDA543967FAFEB">Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6935E68844AB998C5E5357CC09A0107D">Simoes, Marianna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B040EF64ED3A6468D14B06E7B9E20D29" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-5530</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="171649E903B131AD17C937EA00365917">Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany & Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="988C27756587F3931C30B44154B4DFE2">Wiemers, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4BDD4042CD5F057062815D12E9D7F64D">Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BC776CE6A44768D0E598770060D4FAB7">Schmitt, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FEA11CB87791BE51DC5064AA9C48F1D6" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-8396</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B320B97809812DE730F61882BAEEC6D">Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany & Entomology and Biogeography, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="89E9494EFF35D5E939FA668DF65AA403">Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EB69F5E42CB6F193E73F767C980E0713">
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<mods:date id="F104ACCE79016ED3E0C9C167DA2BCC4C">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="42C14D6B39E1EC659CB116C6C3063F66">2024-03-18</mods:number>
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<treatment id="065D002B65A155C789C4F8376B9ED02A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:065D002B65A155C789C4F8376B9ED02A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/065D002B65A155C789C4F8376B9ED02A" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection id="07670E8A5E71F1766E689AE882B751D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E439A0C25AE8C6B0A47D47C2763DDB9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
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4.5.
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<taxonomicName id="FA47A972DC8DDDBB62762089BCB885AD" ID-CoL="8Q8V8" LSID="065D002B-65A1-55C7-89C4-F8376B9ED02A" authority="Kolnegari, 2018" authorityName="Kolnegari" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Gonypetidae" genus="Holaptilon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holaptilon brevipugilis" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipugilis">Holaptilon brevipugilis Kolnegari, 2018</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7066954AC7C250C32F7EE1B04F10FD1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="description">
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<figureCitation id="14EC6F5DA2D6F3741EF27B2F2122D594" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Genus Holaptilon life habitus: a H. abdullahii sp. nov., paratype male from Soroo, Busheher province (29.569 N, 51.947 E). b H. abdullahii sp. nov., paratype female from Kangan, Busheher province (27.843 N, 52.064 E). c H. brevipugilis male and female from Arak (34.128 N, 50.07 E) (photo credit: Mahmood Kolnegari). d H. iranicum sp. nov., holotype male from Arjan, Fars province (29.569 N, 51.947 E). e H. iranicum sp. nov., paratype female from Arjan, Fars province (29.569 N, 51.947 E). f H. khozestani sp. nov., holotype male from Malagha, Khozestan province (31.607 N, 49.998 E). g H. khozestani sp. nov., paratype female from Dehdez, Khozestan province (31.733 N, 50.222 E). h H. tadovaniensis sp. nov., paratype female from Tadovan, Fars (28.853 N, 53.326 E). i H. tadovaniensis sp. nov., holotype male from Tadovan, Fars (28.853 N, 53.326 E). j H. pusillulum male from Jerusalem, Israel (28.853 N, 53.326 E) (photo credit: More Yosef Avi). k H. pusillulum female from Jerusalem, Israel (31.737 N, 35.077 E) (photo credit: Chaym Turak)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004708" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Figure 9i, j</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="40213FE1474C8F88AA2F3D96B076CF2C" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="39D3541CCE12FCB4A37AEF22C80D6ACA" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="3146319226480721953C132CFAE03626" family="Gonypetidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. yagmur" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="yagmur">H. yagmur</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="0AE3AFB0BACAC543ABF517B1F019536B" originalValue="Yılmaz">Yilmaz</normalizedToken>
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and Sevgili, 2023: 18.
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<emphasis id="DF323D3FE0A02D195D473E062C7829F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">new. syn.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0ABA5527902DA9B98A8C47438966BAA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="9483EB1E2FE226933B1223986828F73E" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5D756A31CF02E9FB90D84FE5D8FDE75" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
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<materialsCitation id="6F112FB882622361D6F7EF0455382D14" collectingDate="2024-01-01" collectingDateMax="2024-12-31" collectingDateMin="2024-01-01" collectorName="Kolnegari" country="Iran" elevation="1803" latitude="34.128" location="Arak" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="50.072" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Markazi province" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<typeStatus id="A690B753BE7F033ABD1EB804C5998671" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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,
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<specimenCount id="3F7B929FE417061F6B404BD7FFEBEC88" count="1" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, ethanol, with genitalia in a separate micro-vial,
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<location id="670BBF0627042E68BDFA17109DF297ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:065D002B65A155C789C4F8376B9ED02A:670BBF0627042E68BDFA17109DF297ED" country="Iran" latitude="34.128" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="50.072" name="Arak" stateProvince="Markazi province">Arak</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="E148C5CBF9117D51412FBC6AFC5FC897" country="Iran" name="Markazi">Markazi province</collectingRegion>
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,
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,
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="68615D7AE4C20EEB7BBD5F91092623EB" degrees="50.072" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="50.072">50.072E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="CC4121F05F057FF2BDCD83A07826A9D9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.803" unit="m" value="1803.0">
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<elevation id="66DF8E2398777E86DA5678BE768DC186" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.803" unit="m" value="1803.0">1803 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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. 7/2018, leg.
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<collectorName id="032B3BD383F64105D34C3DF420E32775">Kolnegari</collectorName>
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(SDEI)
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</materialsCitation>
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. - Other material:
|
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|
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<specimenCount id="1DB99A6F3F57A1BE07DBD06DC922AB3F" count="1" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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ethanol,
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,
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<collectingRegion id="1DBA600242300EED1FA03629B6BE277B" country="Iran" name="Markazi">Markazi province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="6C4BCA4C1A9FBBE8FBDCDA7C5986458C" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
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,
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,
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,
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<quantity id="D7E9A642C84AB50CC6759230408EB4A3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.803" unit="m" value="1803.0">
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<elevation id="AC9AD6DE2E7743E07AD312044AC49744" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.803" unit="m" value="1803.0">1803 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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</materialsCitation>
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. 7/2018, leg. Kolnegari (SDEI);
|
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<materialsCitation id="00EFFE0B180C85015151ADC1AE3364EB" collectingDate="2024-01-01" collectingDateMax="2024-12-31" collectingDateMin="2024-01-01" country="Iran" elevation="995" latitude="36.316" location="Mashhad" longLatPrecision="70" longitude="59.41" municipality="Razavi" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Khorasan">
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<specimenCount id="5B4BCE3F5575937B1B94914026A820E4" count="1" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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, ethanol,
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<location id="AB2804D1A0D469F97FB806A3B8375720" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:065D002B65A155C789C4F8376B9ED02A:AB2804D1A0D469F97FB806A3B8375720" country="Iran" latitude="36.316" longLatPrecision="70" longitude="59.41" municipality="Razavi" name="Mashhad" stateProvince="Khorasan">Mashhad</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="A258C634C067B3D6EC3A8C2339179DCA" country="Iran" name="Khorasan-e Shomali">Khorasan</collectingRegion>
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,
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,
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="2CE916A9A74D6FDEF3CF50B05B50063D" degrees="59.410" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="59.41">59.410E</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="2E44DD899196AB9C4C2FD218D1337FA7" count="995" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="B02EAF7CD03DA0738A702E333293B7AA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" unit="m" value="995.0">
|
||
<elevation id="44CE96B63602BA23A143F3D62DA7543D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" unit="m" value="995.0">995 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2F11102531592179CF03741937590228" collectingDate="2024-01-01" collectingDateMax="2024-12-31" collectingDateMin="2024-01-01" collectorName="Ghafarnia" country="Turkey" latitude="37.776" location="Siverek" longLatPrecision="70" longitude="39.735" municipality="Karabahce" specimenCount="1">
|
||
. 8/2021, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="9A17558AD97B042A1ED59CA58D171A7E">Ghafarnia</collectorName>
|
||
(ZMPC), 1 nymph,
|
||
<location id="5D9715209DBC3CE963154D21313AA01C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:065D002B65A155C789C4F8376B9ED02A:5D9715209DBC3CE963154D21313AA01C" country="Turkey" latitude="37.776" longLatPrecision="70" longitude="39.735" municipality="Karabahce" name="Siverek">Siverek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E64EAB490B25CF73D996E77162857943" originalValue="Karabahçe">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="9029E15C9676FA88EDFE59D0FBE7F2BB">Karabahce</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A34FADFA2707E3EAD6C851492367FADB" name="Turkey">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="787F2BBD6FE67FD9FFDBECCFA7474E9D" degrees="37.776" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="37.776">37.776N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="67562BF94A9DF1D375A24F96113099CD" degrees="39.735" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="39.735">39.735E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, 08/2019, leg. K.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C38F6D73DB730D36D9A9FFE3CE92AEA2" originalValue="Yılmaz">Yilmaz</normalizedToken>
|
||
and M.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B11A1625F8B0EE5F04E09A0BF67930E6" originalValue="Yalçın">Yalcin</normalizedToken>
|
||
(HSPC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9A2E1B8CE01B432F2C24775B924FBAAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="new diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="40951742AE465BFDF233431187971424" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">New diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8958677BC84CD34E05267C4722DAE66F" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
|
||
Short
|
||
<emphasis id="C4BFB00156794B4DAE4A7096122DD9FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">afa</emphasis>
|
||
, which is finger-like, less markedly narrowed towards apex, curved;
|
||
<emphasis id="BBBC1948736F0050C4FFF5783F195633" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">pba</emphasis>
|
||
anteriad of
|
||
<emphasis id="444ACFFB2FCE82AF00324F62DB5D51C3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">afa</emphasis>
|
||
less sclerotised; posterior edge of
|
||
<emphasis id="5818FBF77236E065FE97039D8FD6DF55" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">vla</emphasis>
|
||
oblique (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B66DD2732BDEBFA7E897FEDDCBD41BF" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dorsal view and ventral view of male genitalia of different Holaptilon species: a, b H. abdullahii sp. nov.; c, d H. iranicum sp. nov.; e, f ventral view H. tadovaniensis sp. nov.; g, h H. brevipugilis; i, j H. khozestani sp. nov.; k, l H. pusillulum; scale bar: 500 µm. afa = anterior process (left phallic complex: left phallomere). paa = apical process (left phallic complex: left phallomere). vla = the right-posterior ventral lobe (left phallic complex: " ventral phallomere "; with L 4 A sclerotization in ventral wall; with opening of ejaculatory duct in dorsal wall). pba = (left phallic complex: left phallomere), of afa plus the edge (between pouches pne and lve) from which they arise (with L 1 and L 2 sclerotizations). L 4 B = sclerite extending over the dorsal wall (left phallomere). L 4 A = sclerite extending over the ventral wall (left and " ventral " phallomere)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004701" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">2g, h</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6A185FE1933EC36CAAC51A43A0CEDC03" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="redescription">
|
||
<paragraph id="715645BA6027971D15792A162B16C2D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Redescription.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="944DF2E997A0F5ECF747E41631600E42" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
|
||
Males are smaller and more delicate in appearance than females, both male and female apterous, head and body dorsally sandy brown, with small dark brown and black spots, mostly in the middle of body parts. Head: Wider than high (ratio: 1.2-1.3), wider (ratio: 1.1) than pronotum (Table S3, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DAE40BBAAF3891088C4A305A838F4C09" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Heads of different Holaptilon species: a male (Kangan), b female (Kangan) H. abdullahii sp. nov.; c female (Arjan), d male (Arjan), e female (Sahlak), f female (Yasuj) H. iranicum sp. nov.; g male (Tadovan), h female (Tadovan) H. tadovaniensis sp. nov.; i female (Arak), j male (Mashhad), k female (Arak), l male (Arak) H. brevipugilis; m male (Dehdez), n male (Malagha), o male (Dehdez), p female (Dehdez) H. khozestani sp. nov.; scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004709" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">10i-l</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum: Rectangular shape, almost flat, compact. Slightly higher than wide (ratio: 1.1) Meso- and metanotum: roof-shaped and slightly keeled (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="716A50A4726B7F27F532EA485A669B52" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Posterior view of the thoraxes of different Holaptilon species: a male (Kangan) b female (Kangan) H. abdullahii sp. nov.; c female (Arjan), d male (Arjan), e female (Sahlak), f female (Yasuj) H. iranicum sp. nov.; g male (Tadovan), h female (Tadovan) H. tadovaniensis sp. nov.; i female (Arak), j male (Mashhad), k female (Arak), l male (Arak) H. brevipugilis; m male (Dehdez), n male (Malagha), o male (Dehdez), p female (Dehdez) H. khozestani sp. nov.; scale bar: 2 mm; white arrows indicate the characters that were used in the previous studies as diagnostic characters." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004710" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">11i-l</figureCitation>
|
||
). Coxae robust, shiny blue-black in some of the individuals but in some others not shiny black or only 1/3 black, anterior and posterior margin with some tubercles and setae. Femora broad, dorsal edge lamellar, two times longer than wide, armed with 10-12 anteroventral spines with the second one longer than the others; 4 discoidal spines with the first one shorter, the third one longer than the others, the second one is a bit smaller than the third one, the forth is short but longer than the first one; 4 posteroventral spines, with the first one slightly longer than the other three spines, the first two spines are close to each other but the third and fourth have a bit more distance between them; anterior genicular lobe and posterior genicular lobe with a spine; foretibia armed with 9 anteroventral spines, elongating distally, and 10-13 posteroventral spines, also elongating distally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D0A793017EB38425D6FBD8BAAE740D0D" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Different types of spines of the foreleg of different Holaptilon species: a female H. iranicum sp. nov.; b female H. tadovaniensis sp. nov.; c male H. brevipugilis; d male H. khozestani sp. nov.; e male H. abdullahii sp. nov.; f female H. pusillulum; scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004711" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">12c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="FDC52F7B93FCC7400FF0343B1A35DC5D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Slender but half as wide in male compared to female, the tergites keeled in midline; supra anal plate transverse, triangular; cerci with eight readily recognizable cercomeres, covered by setae; last cercomere longer and narrower than the others; subgenital plate much longer than wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B20136B42A9DAF6B3CDDC05868A2F45B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: Ventral phallomere oval, moderately wide;
|
||
<emphasis id="A21A4FB70240527675BB545317B60180" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">afa</emphasis>
|
||
short, which is finger-like, less markedly narrowed towards apex, curved;
|
||
<emphasis id="4DE76B2FA75000FF9D302EC7C4A0FE52" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">pba</emphasis>
|
||
anteriad of
|
||
<emphasis id="B89591883ED6FE6EDAA296FFADB3C425" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">afa</emphasis>
|
||
less sclerotised. posterior edge of vla oblique; sclerite
|
||
<emphasis id="2A6C716342ED616D5ACB1E10344DAA1D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">L4B</emphasis>
|
||
curved, of complex shape, widened distally. Apical process
|
||
<emphasis id="A520D7023C166E9A3F0848FB8F37A5B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">paa</emphasis>
|
||
long, directed left side, with curved apex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="040FE0AAEE377C74B7C08C6AAC40B16B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dorsal view and ventral view of male genitalia of different Holaptilon species: a, b H. abdullahii sp. nov.; c, d H. iranicum sp. nov.; e, f ventral view H. tadovaniensis sp. nov.; g, h H. brevipugilis; i, j H. khozestani sp. nov.; k, l H. pusillulum; scale bar: 500 µm. afa = anterior process (left phallic complex: left phallomere). paa = apical process (left phallic complex: left phallomere). vla = the right-posterior ventral lobe (left phallic complex: " ventral phallomere "; with L 4 A sclerotization in ventral wall; with opening of ejaculatory duct in dorsal wall). pba = (left phallic complex: left phallomere), of afa plus the edge (between pouches pne and lve) from which they arise (with L 1 and L 2 sclerotizations). L 4 B = sclerite extending over the dorsal wall (left phallomere). L 4 A = sclerite extending over the ventral wall (left and " ventral " phallomere)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004701" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">2g, h</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="D9F09705E1FB94ACA2B449C1961E778E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Ootheca</emphasis>
|
||
: Dark yellow to creamy in colour, oval-shaped in dorsal view, dorsoventrally flattened. Rows of egg chambers that are parallel to the top and bottom of the egg, casing is visible from outside (Kolnegari and Vafaei 2018).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="615B461FE3F2821DCD5D5F2D8CC42971" doi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004709" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph id="FDCD8C0EADD39466AA0AECA691C35FFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="3AF9880714E12D1C7239CA4F647527F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Heads of different
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DBD455A4EA0B9B7C7D2BF68254945035" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Gonypetidae" genus="Holaptilon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holaptilon" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C5F3FA66E891EFD395B8FF5C03DA1B17" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Holaptilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis id="95F0783557E6C69759BED26F36DFD938" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">a</emphasis>
|
||
male (Kangan),
|
||
<emphasis id="DE7BCE0EC74344DC4D68082EB5B715E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">b</emphasis>
|
||
female (Kangan)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2D45E1086200E0A2940341C533F2A023" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. abdullahii" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="abdullahii">
|
||
<emphasis id="614DFA6049C3A757CB918C9C872FF60B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. abdullahii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="0032FF78D5FAA2DD48A152C4E265BC05" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="BE05EDA32B5203E20F03FA86BF10956D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">c</emphasis>
|
||
female (Arjan),
|
||
<emphasis id="7CE026850F4BB600959F8F62A0532158" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">d</emphasis>
|
||
male (Arjan),
|
||
<emphasis id="613BD6DC0EECEDE6714173C45995EED9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">e</emphasis>
|
||
female (Sahlak),
|
||
<emphasis id="58BC5BC68AE5F4EEFBF1F8EB2DEBDF58" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">f</emphasis>
|
||
female (Yasuj)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69CEB5C3FF6F495C4D7643AC57275EB5" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. iranicum" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="iranicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="CBC16E7D1D2F47F18C4DD19CE7B90325" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. iranicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="35974549E37E4160F9F588B2C11B06B5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="F0DB3B5F4E362DD74BB6ADB01AC5F479" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">g</emphasis>
|
||
male (Tadovan),
|
||
<emphasis id="2633F7BF985CFEF9A86C424048F9FF85" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">h</emphasis>
|
||
female (Tadovan)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D7899E2719F6CE3D75DF40471538486" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. tadovaniensis" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="tadovaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CC498C8FF9017162E0E5B468A1361743" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. tadovaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5E9FFAE768192AE72E7CDFE7C566A7BD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="8476D53714103D4AC4A479E97B30DB99" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">i</emphasis>
|
||
female (Arak),
|
||
<emphasis id="AD8A3EABE0F778388A47E6DEE8C59654" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">j</emphasis>
|
||
male (Mashhad),
|
||
<emphasis id="A9D6D8514B7EBFA274488C232A143DFE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">k</emphasis>
|
||
female (Arak),
|
||
<emphasis id="6260F07F53741FAFA1A2054FF2C1C707" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">l</emphasis>
|
||
male (Arak)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84856CD8F3048AD41C9A455A2532DE3D" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. brevipugilis" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="brevipugilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8155936FB0BAE7EB31A1F5D10F46E1A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. brevipugilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A275B4BE2ADD7736B1A18BF01A7F03" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">m</emphasis>
|
||
male (Dehdez),
|
||
<emphasis id="7479E5B412A05D74F3C0CCC9CD866EE8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">n</emphasis>
|
||
male (Malagha),
|
||
<emphasis id="AB47DEBA4D0B0F0D2BAABDEABA450C89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">o</emphasis>
|
||
male (Dehdez),
|
||
<emphasis id="11E4380D0D6A78D65D1DCE852AF5E0FB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">p</emphasis>
|
||
female (Dehdez)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C604DBB9E40BD299073DF38792E67D8" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. khozestani" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="khozestani">
|
||
<emphasis id="00801A5659072538786F1C574612E4B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. khozestani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="747EC57F20E340CA49E1BDE71E06107F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
; scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="F69CCCEB72C663412919C9514658ECDB" doi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004710" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
|
||
<paragraph id="CF5F4869D9497B5264FA12E4BD2795BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="F46E65A20A25131DE045A8D68932FBCB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Posterior view of the thoraxes of different
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DE51F763CCFA39D4E5D739FEF9018853" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Gonypetidae" genus="Holaptilon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holaptilon" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="852530383342F232D98C0730D79EEB60" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Holaptilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8270D4F478C5FC66A12FCB75297EB1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">a</emphasis>
|
||
male (Kangan)
|
||
<emphasis id="F90D3716DD91AE71885E197C26BE0779" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">b</emphasis>
|
||
female (Kangan)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F199DE1F7BA08643913969662C9735B" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. abdullahii" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="abdullahii">
|
||
<emphasis id="125C569D4248DC50DB7C177ACCE79D2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. abdullahii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5882F58B54C31E6374FB40D9B8987F9E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="5B985591495CF76834A54374B76D1376" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">c</emphasis>
|
||
female (Arjan),
|
||
<emphasis id="77366669E71E5F9501E50E8F50DE66A5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">d</emphasis>
|
||
male (Arjan),
|
||
<emphasis id="50325DF05C01C52BAAF66C37B7E8167E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">e</emphasis>
|
||
female (Sahlak),
|
||
<emphasis id="9E368D451E77CEDD9BB9ACEF63709D8D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">f</emphasis>
|
||
female (Yasuj)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="141BF5C9B2C1A1FDDCC4D8F80993A7F7" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. iranicum" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="iranicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="5972A2E5707F9FF94848B5B4E4027A61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. iranicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C324A0CEA846CAFEB5B0C520C64C4B3F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="A91CCC8AF7DCE321DBE1017124A32584" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">g</emphasis>
|
||
male (Tadovan),
|
||
<emphasis id="4EEE7BC06EBBEA82775AFCB6B34C4E7F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">h</emphasis>
|
||
female (Tadovan)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E60CE0CAFF74E01E51DD4FA516999576" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. tadovaniensis" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="tadovaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="629CEBBAEE73FCA0975022FAA90F8086" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. tadovaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="AD7D525E8A31929461D37C5F1EA36FEE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="9239534E89915D35000CFE6048FC09D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">i</emphasis>
|
||
female (Arak),
|
||
<emphasis id="9A0EB9CC18A8DE6FF9AC90BFE62D9BCC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">j</emphasis>
|
||
male (Mashhad),
|
||
<emphasis id="67A54DB33743FA0DDE600185170D820A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">k</emphasis>
|
||
female (Arak),
|
||
<emphasis id="A06728F70ED9C1B6134C8FED37FA8C46" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">l</emphasis>
|
||
male (Arak)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A22A2C1DA345B6B63D111A50399A378" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. brevipugilis" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="brevipugilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB3CAD2FC90792D28DAB57A53796C495" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. brevipugilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="69FDCA0DD24725AF6F469E0815D12C9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">m</emphasis>
|
||
male (Dehdez),
|
||
<emphasis id="1DBBE65752AFE537DA7FA44DBB4820F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">n</emphasis>
|
||
male (Malagha),
|
||
<emphasis id="A45A19B34A5534B25A44426025EEE892" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">o</emphasis>
|
||
male (Dehdez),
|
||
<emphasis id="EBD728DB248BC3F08E6559EF0C8C2EC5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">p</emphasis>
|
||
female (Dehdez)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5890966DC1804566EE5A7B846BC18280" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. khozestani" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="khozestani">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F898BBDA7EBD52EDE80FC6B2CAB6769" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. khozestani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C8E6B6B34FD806CED8FE7F07DFEFE254" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
; scale bar: 2 mm; white arrows indicate the characters that were used in the previous studies as diagnostic characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A6EB9126E28B18528DEC7CB79A153EB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E0F2FBA514286FE38CE3F971CF9101A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6ED3B169C8ECCA14E73E0041B5850905" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
|
||
Centre and north-east of Iran, Markazi province (Arak) (Kolnegari and Vafaei 2018), eastern Turkey (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="63E64B6B216196AA805E59727C7C708F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5231.4.5" author="Yilmaz, K" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" pagination="427 - 444" refId="B53" refString="Yilmaz, K, Sevgili, H, 2023. The genus Holaptilon Beier, 1964: discussion on the poorly known boxer mantis genus, with a new species (Mantodea, Gonypetidae). Zootaxa 5231 (4): 427 - 444, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5231.4.5" title="The genus Holaptilon Beier, 1964: discussion on the poorly known boxer mantis genus, with a new species (Mantodea, Gonypetidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5231.4.5" volume="5231" year="2023">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CD3E574F376B282B0923ACAE41B40854" originalValue="Yılmaz">Yilmaz</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Sevgili 2023
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AC1DD8F1E9072D5B1DD7D3C8660DBCB" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Current and historic records of Holaptilon species, visualisation with QGIS v. 3.22, Base map: ESRI Terrain map." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004705" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">6</figureCitation>
|
||
: purple points).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D129BC5DBF2DAD3988814E42A29A8DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">We record this species for the first time from Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="89E74FF226BC9EE73F7B37DE651C1E47" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="74F9DCD3CC646CEF5B27F9AE4F877E4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Conservation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9BFA549948CED020A22EC9F294CAC26" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">This species is widely distributed with an Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of about 290.000 km2 in an apparently very fragmented number of locations (3) but this number is probably underestimating the real number of locations. With no data on population trends over time, low anthropogenic presence and impacts in its known localities, this species can be addressed as Least Concern. Further research is however encouraged to collect more data and information on its real distribution and threats.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="456F72A77CAD84DF1E01F49258B4B842" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="6B2B60087620D31DC2A82478C44D3A50" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ADFB63B89972585AF6BA683086DAD8D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
|
||
The two paratypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="617B615D181FFE88942B893EBF2F0E46" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. brevipugilis" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="brevipugilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C5C4B367C2291E22C2F6BE91A92BF7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. brevipugilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we were able to study and compare with our own material were collected at the same locality and on the same date as the holotype, so we are confident that they represent the same taxon. The original description of this species (Kolnegari 2018) was based on a very small number of specimens and on qualitatively variable morphological characters which were found to be present also in other species. A new species diagnosis is therefore proposed above, based on male genitalia here described for the first time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9DEE1F2160F3342CC22BD1EEE07B893D" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
|
||
The taxonomic status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FCD9DEBEB34F6D7D31DFD3C27D31EB7A" class="Insecta" family="Gonypetidae" genus="Holaptilon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holaptilon yagmur" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yagmur">
|
||
<emphasis id="00362E55CBD1FFF3D986F68D4374C5F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Holaptilon yagmur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
underwent re-evaluation after determining its phylogenetic position within the genus. Our molecular genetic investigation revealed that the conventional reliance on external morphological traits for differentiating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2527985A283C994D6493FCFB801CFD5" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. yagmur" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="yagmur">
|
||
<emphasis id="99780142AFB25FE5F8AAA39353F86391" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. yagmur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other conspecifics within the genus lacked effectiveness in achieving precise species identification. Through comprehensive analysis of two mitochondrial (COI, 16S rDNA) and two nuclear DNA markers (H3, IDH), our molecular data showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C3D597980E24E5A98CA1024C7A61A20" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. yagmur" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="yagmur">
|
||
<emphasis id="404B1C06CDB90FBA0DBC585A778E5634" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. yagmur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FAF414214BAEF5D1311266494E782D27" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. brevipugilis" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="brevipugilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8636509E92869C61CCDAE86DE6284E5F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. brevipugilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are genetically indistinguishable or very closely related (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6F93B40A3705B4592993EA61AA9BE99B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic trees of Holaptilon: a Phylogeny and Molecular Species Delimitation of the genus Holaptilon using a combined phylogenetic tree made through Bayesian (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) approaches with the utilization of MrBayes and IQ tree, respectively (both trees did not differ in their topology) based on concatenated COI, 16 S rRNA, H 3, and IDH sequences, showing the phylogenetic placements of the new samples from Iran and results of three molecular species delimitation methods, ASAP: Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning; bPTP: Bayesian implementation of the PTP model for species delimitation; mPTP: multiple-rate Poisson Tree Process. Support values are indicated beside the nodes [BI posterior probability / ML bootstrap (PP / BP)], holotypes are marked with asterisks (*); con: concatenated, nu: nuDNA. The BI tree was used as the basis for this figure. b Phylogenetic tree made using Bayesian (BI) method of the genus Holaptilon based on concatenated COI and 16 S rRNA sequences; c) Phylogenetic tree made using Bayesian (BI) method of the genus Holaptilon based on concatenated H 3 and IDH sequences." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.82.e112834.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1004703" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Consequently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3494F1CD38C8E1F03275499E1A59D5A1" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. yagmur" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="yagmur">
|
||
<emphasis id="E060334804C628CED44099BA5E87A3E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. yagmur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be considered synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A818D4BD77D4628BB0C8B524777EA498" family="Gonypetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. brevipugilis" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="brevipugilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D8CF82A87856F34599BC3B37AA08B75" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">H. brevipugilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |