158 lines
16 KiB
XML
158 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="20BBCBB12D83898A1C0252B37A65E1CF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbb51c92-e184-489d-aba8-18d1dc9a25cd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="234023" ID-ZooBank="71E2B8DA-825E-429F-BAA0-F582702B4A80" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461348015003" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="López-García, Margarita M., Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor J. & Amat-García, Germán" docDate="2015" docId="990DA529FF9BFF82FF4641D71207FAB8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04048p492.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4048 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bothynus Hope 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="456" masterDocId="6534DD51FF9EFF87FFD1425F1659FFE6" masterDocTitle="The scarab beetle tribe Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) of Colombia: taxonomy, natural history, and distribution" masterLastPageNumber="492" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="456" updateTime="1698621022009" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E0232EC1D2D0DA6115AD9ACFA2509E70">
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<mods:title id="67A575D05206394BBA92F44277DBA3E4">The scarab beetle tribe Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) of Colombia: taxonomy, natural history, and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FE93DAF37A56AAF15012D0D7F21FE02B">López-García, Margarita M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="39A7FB4F322A9210EFC7EA2D445EEA51">Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7B49E76294B12AA9451385102D629C72">Amat-García, Germán</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4FE79BB99E4E21688029479AE80C2634">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="11F7316BE5D0DF86770EA257B580F813">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1392FCC3448ED05209852909EB1878F9">
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<mods:date id="27B3286D8F3198A325A65CB3BC6F2B5D">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="577D40E7E31B9C973167223E390EFD93" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0EED0FC941E338747FCCA56CDFF5856D">4048</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0FCBC50B31749D5EB4CA475F3C300C4A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="990DA529FF9BFF82FF4641D71207FAB8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5699334" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119645637" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5699334" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:990DA529FF9BFF82FF4641D71207FAB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/990DA529FF9BFF82FF4641D71207FAB8" lastPageNumber="456" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF9BFF82FF4641D717C7FC44" box="[151,414,904,930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF9BFF82FF4641D717C7FC44" blockId="5.[151,414,904,930]" box="[151,414,904,930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<heading id="4A53A353FF9BFF82FF4641D717C7FC44" bold="true" box="[151,414,904,930]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FF4641D717C7FC44" authority="Hope, 1837" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,414,904,930]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FF4641D717C7FC44" bold="true" box="[151,414,904,930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FF4641D71752FC44" bold="true" box="[151,267,904,930]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Bothynus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF9BFF82FEC341D717C7FC44" author="Hope" box="[274,414,904,930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" refString="Hope, F. W. (1837) The Coleopterists Manual, Containing the Lamellicorn Insects of Linnaeus and Fabricius. Henry G. Bohn; London, United Kingdom. 121 pp." type="book" year="1837">Hope, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF9BFF82FF4641911560FBA6" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF9BFF82FF4641911561FBC4" blockId="5.[151,1065,974,1088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="31B43311FF9BFF82FF4641911561FBC4" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FF46419117C3FC02" authority="Hope, 1837: 95" authorityName="Hope" authorityPageNumber="95" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,410,974,996]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FF46419116ACFC02" box="[151,245,974,996]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Bothynus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9005322EFF9BFF82FF2A419017C3FC02" author="Hope" box="[251,410,974,996]" page="95" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" year="1837">
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF9BFF82FF2A4190172DFC02" author="Hope" box="[251,372,974,996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" refString="Hope, F. W. (1837) The Coleopterists Manual, Containing the Lamellicorn Insects of Linnaeus and Fabricius. Henry G. Bohn; London, United Kingdom. 121 pp." type="book" year="1837">Hope, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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: 95
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="CE1FAA9DFF9BFF82FE754190178FFC02" box="[420,470,975,996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FDE5419115FBFC02" authority="Kirby 1819: 399" authorityName="Kirby" authorityPageNumber="399" authorityYear="1819" box="[564,930,974,997]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ascanius">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FDE5419114A8FC03" box="[564,753,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Bothynus ascanius</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9005322EFF9BFF82FD26419115FBFC02" author="Kirby" box="[759,930,974,996]" page="399" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" year="1819">
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF9BFF82FD2641911536FC02" author="Kirby" box="[759,879,974,996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" refString="Kirby, W. (1819) A description of several new species of insects collected in New Holand by Robert Brown. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 12, 375 - 482. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1817. tb 00240. x" type="journal article" year="1819">Kirby 1819</bibRefCitation>
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: 399
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FF4641B11790FBE5" ID-CoL="3VDT" authority="Blanchard, 1842" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,457,1005,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cratocnemis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FF4641B11740FBE5" box="[151,281,1006,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Cratocnemis</emphasis>
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Blanchard, 1842
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</taxonomicName>
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: plate II.
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<typeStatus id="CE1FAA9DFF9BFF82FDF941B11403FBE5" box="[552,602,1006,1027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FD6641B1127CFBE5" authority="Blanchard, 1842" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1842" box="[695,1061,1005,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cratocnemis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FD6641B1152DFBE5" box="[695,884,1006,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Cratocnemis niger</emphasis>
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Blanchard, 1842
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FF464653145DFBC4" authority="Burmeister, 1847: 122" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityPageNumber="122" authorityYear="1847" box="[151,516,1036,1058]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scaptophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FF4646531743FBC4" box="[151,282,1036,1058]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Scaptophilus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9005322EFF9BFF82FEF14653145DFBC4" author="Burmeister" box="[288,516,1036,1058]" page="122" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" year="1847">
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF9BFF82FEF14653178BFBC4" author="Burmeister" box="[288,466,1036,1058]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" refString="Burmeister, H. (1847) Handbuch der Entomologie. Coleoptera Lamellicornia, Xylophila et Pectinicornia, Band 5. Enslin, Berlin, Germany." type="book" year="1847">Burmeister, 1847</bibRefCitation>
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: 122
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="CE1FAA9DFF9BFF82FDDF46521419FBC4" box="[526,576,1037,1058]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Type</typeStatus>
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species: not designated.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF9BFF82FF4646751560FBA6" blockId="5.[151,1065,974,1088]" box="[151,825,1066,1088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="31B43311FF9BFF82FF4646751560FBA6" box="[151,825,1066,1088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FF464675145FFBA6" ID-CoL="62NX3" authority="Burmeister, 1847: 126" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1847" box="[151,518,1066,1088]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Corynoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FF4646751742FBA6" box="[151,283,1066,1088]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Corynoscelis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9005322EFF9BFF82FEF04675145FFBA6" author="Burmeister" box="[289,518,1066,1088]" page="126" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" year="1847">
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF9BFF82FEF04675178AFBA6" author="Burmeister" box="[289,467,1066,1088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" refString="Burmeister, H. (1847) Handbuch der Entomologie. Coleoptera Lamellicornia, Xylophila et Pectinicornia, Band 5. Enslin, Berlin, Germany." type="book" year="1847">Burmeister, 1847</bibRefCitation>
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: 126
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="CE1FAA9DFF9BFF82FDC14674141BFBA6" box="[528,578,1067,1088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Type</typeStatus>
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species: not designated.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF9BFF82FF464632152FFB14" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF9BFF82FF464632152FFB14" blockId="5.[151,1437,1133,1374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FF4646321748FB60" bold="true" box="[151,273,1133,1158]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This genus can be differentiated from other
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FCD4463215CDFB60" box="[773,916,1133,1158]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pentodontini">Pentodontini</taxonomicName>
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by having a triangular clypeus that is strongly narrowed towards the apex; mandibles tridentate, with sharp, triangular teeth; apical pronotal fovea deep and wide (transverse diameter wider than head width), except for females of some species that have a smaller fovea. The spiculum gastrale bears basal plates not found in any other genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF9BFF82FF1646A21207FAB8" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF9BFF82FF1646A21207FAB8" blockId="5.[151,1437,1133,1374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FF1646A21739FAF0" bold="true" box="[199,352,1277,1302]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FEB646A21796FAF0" box="[359,463,1277,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FEB646A21796FAF0" box="[359,463,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Bothynus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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currently includes 26 species distributed in Central and South
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<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFF9BFF82FB4046A212ADFAF0" box="[1169,1268,1277,1302]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">America</collectingCountry>
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, of which only three are in
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<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFF9BFF82FEF3477E17CDFADC" box="[290,404,1313,1338]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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. Formerly,
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF9BFF82FDC6477E149CFADC" author="Endrodi" box="[535,709,1313,1338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" refString="Endrodi, S. (1985) The Dynastinae of the World. Dr W. Junk, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 800 p." type="book" year="1985">Endrödi (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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reported
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF9BFF82FCE5477E12F1FADC" authority="Germar, 1824" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1824" box="[820,1192,1313,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medon">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF9BFF82FCE5477E15A9FADC" box="[820,1008,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Bothynus medon</emphasis>
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(Germar, 1824)
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFF9BFF82FB01477E1318FADC" box="[1232,1345,1313,1338]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, but we have no current records, and its distribution is more southerly in
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<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFF9BFF82FCBD471A15E9FAB8" box="[876,944,1349,1374]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFF9BFF82FC36471A1203FAB8" box="[999,1114,1349,1374]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |