244 lines
28 KiB
XML
244 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="0CFF306B9EFFA1BA1C26E78D0B6D87C9" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbb51c92-e184-489d-aba8-18d1dc9a25cd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="234023" ID-ZooBank="71E2B8DA-825E-429F-BAA0-F582702B4A80" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461348015003" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="López-García, Margarita M., Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor J. & Amat-García, Germán" docDate="2015" docId="990DA529FF99FF8FFF46418B13C4FE4B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04048p492.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4048 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bothynus herbivorus Arrow 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="459" masterDocId="6534DD51FF9EFF87FFD1425F1659FFE6" masterDocTitle="The scarab beetle tribe Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) of Colombia: taxonomy, natural history, and distribution" masterLastPageNumber="492" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="458" updateTime="1698621022009" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="C29738C0F7745EAB439E6D6D54FD99AB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="017978F83493CB0BCBE5A7444B96FBBC">
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<mods:title id="693AA2EB776BC5E18DAFB05BAC101934">The scarab beetle tribe Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) of Colombia: taxonomy, natural history, and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E8970632BCF3A14547C4830197A8DEB7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6B12EE0835D7D796E7958292F583D4B1">López-García, Margarita M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A353901446B858A8FDAA4944A8DB3F9E">Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="F3372F8C152573E72C706D0C496EF1AA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="41D000DF90D7B9109E7567E2836B83A8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="903259248EFFD815593D3EDA2E6EF404">Amat-García, Germán</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="44D79BEEFBCB499209777654CE18D122">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="90347482449AE783F9B3D70489C8ED8F">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6843F36E345E68F866E2190D46D2E3FB">4048</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6650FE7EF7A882E7EEF2301D7D0AEFCF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="990DA529FF99FF8FFF46418B13C4FE4B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5699340" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119645642" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5699340" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:990DA529FF99FF8FFF46418B13C4FE4B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/990DA529FF99FF8FFF46418B13C4FE4B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF99FF80FF46418B1779FBE9" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF99FF80FF46418B1410FC08" blockId="7.[151,585,980,1039]" box="[151,585,980,1006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<heading id="4A53A353FF99FF80FF46418B1410FC08" bold="true" box="[151,585,980,1006]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF99FF80FF46418B1410FC08" authority="Arrow, 1937" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,585,980,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herbivorus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF46418B1410FC08" bold="true" box="[151,585,980,1006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF46418B17CDFC08" bold="true" box="[151,404,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Bothynus herbivorus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF99FF80FE72418B1418FC08" author="Arrow" box="[419,577,980,1006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" refString="Arrow, G. J. (1937) Coleopterorum Catalogus, pars 156. Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. W. Junk; Berlin, Germany. 124 p." type="book" year="1937">Arrow, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF99FF80FF4641A91779FBE9" blockId="7.[151,585,980,1039]" box="[151,288,1014,1039]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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(
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<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FF4E41A9174EFBE9" box="[159,279,1014,1039]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Figs. 9–16</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF99FF80FF46461F1440FB95" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF99FF80FF46461F1440FB95" blockId="7.[151,537,1086,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="31B43311FF99FF80FF46461F1440FB95" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF99FF80FF46461F145EFBB2" ID-CoL="6PYXS" authority="Arrow, 1937: 44" authorityName="Arrow" authorityPageNumber="44" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,519,1086,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Ligyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herbivorus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF46461F1700FBB2" box="[151,345,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Ligyrus herbivorus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9005322EFF99FF80FE8F4660145EFBB2" author="Arrow" box="[350,519,1086,1108]" page="44" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" year="1937">
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF99FF80FE8F466017B8FBB2" author="Arrow" box="[350,481,1086,1108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" refString="Arrow, G. J. (1937) Coleopterorum Catalogus, pars 156. Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. W. Junk; Berlin, Germany. 124 p." type="book" year="1937">Arrow, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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: 44
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF99FF80FF464602144DFB95" authority="Arrow, 1937: 45" authorityName="Arrow" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,532,1117,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforatus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF464602173CFB95" box="[151,357,1117,1139]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Bothynus perforatus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9005322EFF99FF80FEBA4601144DFB95" author="Arrow" box="[363,532,1117,1139]" page="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" year="1937">
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<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF99FF80FEBA460117B7FB95" author="Arrow" box="[363,494,1117,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" refString="Arrow, G. J. (1937) Coleopterorum Catalogus, pars 156. Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. W. Junk; Berlin, Germany. 124 p." type="book" year="1937">Arrow, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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: 45
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF99FF80FF4646C01270F8FA" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="description">
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<paragraph id="111B143FFF99FF80FF4646C01270F8FA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1183,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF4646C01770FB5E" bold="true" box="[151,297,1183,1208]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Description.</emphasis>
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Habitus as in
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<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FE0146C0144EFB5E" box="[464,535,1183,1208]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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. Length 14.0
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FD7C46C014E2FB5E" bold="true" box="[685,699,1183,1208]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">–</emphasis>
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20.0 mm (♂), 16.0
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC4246C015F8FB5E" bold="true" box="[915,929,1183,1208]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">–</emphasis>
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<quantity id="D65CB9DAFF99FF80FC7146C0125FFB51" box="[928,1030,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" unit="mm" value="19.5">19.5 mm</quantity>
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(♀). Width 8.5
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FB6946C0129FFB5E" bold="true" box="[1208,1222,1183,1208]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">–</emphasis>
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11.0 mm (♂), 8.0
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FA5F46C013C5FB5E" bold="true" box="[1422,1436,1183,1208]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">–</emphasis>
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12.0 mm (♀). Color light reddish brown, rarely dark.
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC96469C15D7FB3B" bold="true" box="[839,910,1219,1245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC96469C15DCFB3A" bold="true" box="[839,901,1219,1244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Head</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Frons with deep, nearly round punctures. Frontoclypeal region without tubercles or carina. Eye canthus with 6 erect setae. Clypeus deeply grooved and rugose; shape triangular, strongly contracted to narrow apex; anterior margin with 2 sharp, reflexed teeth, teeth separated by 3 tooth diameters (
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<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FDC847701428FAAE" box="[537,625,1327,1352]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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). Interocular distance equals 3 times the ocular transverse diameter. Antenna with club slightly longer than antennomeres 2
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FCF9470B156FFA8B" bold="true" box="[808,822,1364,1389]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">–</emphasis>
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7. Mandibles tridentate, dorsally visible.
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FACE470B13CDFA8D" bold="true" box="[1311,1428,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Pronotum</emphasis>
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: Surface in males with large to small, deep punctures, dense on lateral and basal margins; anterior third with large, deep pronotal fovea; surface strongly grooved; apical tubercle transverse and wide (
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<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FB8D47C312F6FA52" box="[1116,1199,1436,1461]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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). Surface in females with large to small deep punctures evenly dispersed; apical fovea absent; apical tubercle inconspicuous, only as a small prominence.
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF99FF80FEA547BC140BFA1B" authority="Surface" authorityName="Surface" box="[372,594,1507,1533]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FEA547BC17ABFA1B" bold="true" box="[372,498,1507,1533]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FEA547BC17B0FA1A" bold="true" box="[372,489,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Scutellum</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Surface
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</taxonomicName>
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with a few deep punctures.
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC7547BC15ACFA1B" bold="true" box="[932,1013,1507,1533]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC7547BC15B5FA1A" bold="true" box="[932,1004,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Elytra</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Surface with distinct rows of large, ocellate, deep punctures; sutural stria complete, with contiguous punctures (
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<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FC2F4458121DF9C6" box="[1022,1092,1543,1568]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF99FF80FB8D4458136BF9C6" authority="Surface" authorityName="Surface" box="[1116,1330,1543,1568]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FB8D4458128DF9C6" bold="true" box="[1116,1236,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Pygidium:</emphasis>
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Surface
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</taxonomicName>
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in males with large, deep punctures, concentrically distributed; disc with a slight longitudinal hollow. Surface in females with a few deep punctures evenly distributed; disc with deep, wide longitudinal hollow (
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<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FB5E441012BDF98E" box="[1167,1252,1615,1640]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FB2B440F1363F98E" bold="true" box="[1274,1338,1615,1640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FB2B440F1369F981" bold="true" box="[1274,1328,1616,1639]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Legs</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Protibia tridentate, equidistant teeth (
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<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FE08442B1474F96A" box="[473,557,1652,1677]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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). Males with inner claw of protarsi simple. Metatibia triangular, apex slightly wavy, nearly truncate; apical margin without spinules. First metatarsomere with apex triangular and apical angle sharp.
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF3244E3176FF933" bold="true" box="[227,310,1724,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
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<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF3244E31777F935" bold="true" box="[227,302,1724,1747]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Venter</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Prosternal process short, not projecting beyond procoxae.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC0344E3120EF933" bold="true" box="[978,1111,1724,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC0344E31217F935" bold="true" box="[978,1102,1724,1747]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Parameres</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Form elongate, apex dilated and with 2 small lateral projections (
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FDEE44801499F91E" box="[575,704,1759,1784]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
Figs.12
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FD45448014FBF91E" bold="true" box="[660,674,1759,1784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">–</emphasis>
|
||
13
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FD06448015F2F91E" bold="true" box="[727,939,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Spiculum gastrale</emphasis>
|
||
: Base longer than branches, apex rounded, base with 2 triangular plates bearing long, yellow setae on basal margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FC19455B1245F8FA" box="[968,1052,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF99FF8FFF1645781744FEA6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF99FF80FF1645781532F84B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1183,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF1645781718F8A6" bold="true" box="[199,321,1831,1856]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF99FF80FE9D45781460F8A6" box="[332,569,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herbivorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FE9D45781460F8A6" box="[332,569,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Bothynus herbivorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily recognized from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF99FF80FC6F4578127FF8A6" box="[958,1062,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC6F4578127FF8A6" box="[958,1062,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Bothynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by its red color, strong punctation, small size, and tridentate protibia. This species is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF99FF80FC694512123DF882" box="[952,1124,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossor">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FC694512123DF882" box="[952,1124,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Tomarus fossor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in size and color. However, it can be distinguished by the presence of a pronotal fovea and tubercle, clypeus with sides sinuate and strongly contracted to narrow apex, and metatibial apex without spinules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF99FF8FFF1645E71234FF1E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1183,2037]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF1645E717C8F837" bold="true" box="[199,401,1976,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Locality records.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF99FF80FE7345E717AFF837" box="[418,502,1976,2001]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1260,1283]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,487,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,483,1239]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Bothynus herbivorus. 9) female, habitus in dorsal view, 10) female, habitus in frontal view, 11) head of male, 12) parameres in frontal view, 13) parameres in lateral view, 14) spiculum gastrale, 15) pygidium of female, 16) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<specimenCount id="07A2DFB6FF99FF80FDDA45E714FFF837" box="[523,678,1976,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="generic">25 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="07A2DFB6FF99FF80FD6345E714BCF836" box="[690,741,1976,2000]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="generic">13♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 12♀. Specimens were seen from ICN, MPUJ, UNAB, UPN.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FF464583177DF813" bold="true" box="[151,292,2012,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Arauca (1):</emphasis>
|
||
Tame (1).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF99FF80FE7945831414F813" bold="true" box="[424,589,2012,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Casanare (9):</emphasis>
|
||
Aguazul (3); Hacienda Los Rosales (2). Hato Corozal, Caserío indígena Mochuelo (1). Yopal,
|
||
<quantity id="D65CB9DAFF96FF8FFE4442C71788FF56" box="[405,465,151,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
antes de Agua Azul (3).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF96FF8FFD2842C815B9FF56" bold="true" box="[761,992,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Cundinamarca (3):</emphasis>
|
||
Bogotá (1). La Mesa (1). Vergara (1).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF96FF8FFF4642E3174BFF33" bold="true" box="[151,274,188,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Meta (11):</emphasis>
|
||
Puerto López, Remolinos, Centro Cafam Llanos (8); Bosque Piedra Candela (1). Villavicencio-Acacías km 2–15, Balneario Estambul (2).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF96FF8FFDCA42801490FF1E" bold="true" box="[539,713,223,248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Santander (1):</emphasis>
|
||
Sabana de Torres, Cabildo Verde (1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF96FF8FFF16435B1744FEA6" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF96FF8FFF16435B178EFEFB" bold="true" box="[199,471,260,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Temporal distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
February (1), March (4), April (11), May (1), August (1), October (3), December (1). No data (3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF96FF8FFF16431313C4FE4B" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF96FF8FFF16431312F1FE83" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,429]" box="[199,1192,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF96FF8FFF1643131739FE83" bold="true" box="[199,352,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF96FF8FFEB643131416FE83" box="[359,591,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herbivorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF96FF8FFEB643131416FE83" box="[359,591,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Bothynus herbivorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFF96FF8FFD044313151AFE83" box="[725,835,332,357]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFF96FF8FFCAB431315B4FE83" box="[890,1005,332,357]" name="Venezuela" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF96FF8FFC2D431312C2FE83" author="Endrodi" box="[1020,1179,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" refString="Endrodi, S. (1969) Monographie der Dynastinae. 4. Tribus: Pentodontini (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). Entomologische Abhandlungen Museum fur Tierkunde, Dresden, 37, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="1969">Endrödi 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF96FF8FFF16433013C4FE4B" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF96FF8FFF16433017DCFE6E" bold="true" box="[199,389,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFF96FF8FFE7843301443FE6E" box="[425,538,367,392]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the species has been found in gallery forests, lowland forests, and “morichales” (moriche palm swamps). It was most abundantly collected between
|
||
<quantity id="D65CB9DAFF96FF8FFC5A43CB1255FE4A" box="[907,1036,404,429]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="3.45" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="222.5" valueMax="345.0" valueMin="100.0">
|
||
100
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF96FF8FFC6443CB159AFE4B" bold="true" box="[949,963,404,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">–</emphasis>
|
||
345 m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, and rarely up to
|
||
<quantity id="D65CB9DAFF96FF8FFB1C43CB1371FE4A" box="[1229,1320,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1800.0">1,800 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |