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<document id="45B4AE89D0FDD0420862286308101DA4" ID-DOI="10.24199/j.mmv.2004.61.1" ID-ISSN="1447-2554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10665495" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1708004431046" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="OLoughlin, P. Mark &amp; Waters, Jonathan M." docDate="2004" docId="185387DDFFABFFA4FCACE022FF224EF6" docLanguage="en" docName="MemMusVictoria.61.1.1-40.pdf" docOrigin="Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61 (1)" docSource="https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/volume-61-issue-1-2004/pages-1-40/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5B3B5C052A93BFEEE334AD6097A94E45.2:MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="5B3B5C052A93BFEEE334AD6097A94E45" docStyleName="MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Cryptasterina Dartnall, Byrne, Collins and Hart" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="E46AFFA5FFBAFFB6FF85E377FFC94846" masterDocTitle="A molecular and morphological revision of genera of Asterinidae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1708004824033" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="F5594F7F942EC360AA22DF88E053202B">A molecular and morphological revision of genera of Asterinidae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="590E0EE069355985DB66072EB76E9B9B">Waters, Jonathan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1379B3B994BBF457E2FB3B3B19ADE33C">Memoirs of Museum Victoria</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="463014E67827CD5D17A34160F29EB453">2004</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="D8E06540FFABFFA7FCACE022FADB4B2D" box="[809,1298,853,875]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA7FCACE022FADB4B2D" blockId="17.[809,1298,853,875]" box="[809,1298,853,875]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="CB0D81A7FFABFFA7FCACE022FADB4B2D" box="[809,1298,853,875]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FCACE022FADB4B2D" ID-CoL="7NTVM" authority="Dartnall, Byrne, Collins and Hart" authorityName="Dartnall, Byrne, Collins and Hart" box="[809,1298,853,875]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FCACE022FC7E4B2D" bold="true" box="[809,951,853,875]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cryptasterina</emphasis>
Dartnall, Byrne, Collins and Hart
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8E06540FFABFFA7FCACE0F5FBB54BDE" box="[809,1148,898,920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA7FCACE0F5FBB54BDE" blockId="17.[809,1148,898,920]" box="[809,1148,898,920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<figureCitation id="08C12A4EFFABFFA7FCACE0F5FC404BDE" box="[809,905,898,920]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[139,198,1838,1858]" captionTargetBox="[137,1460,223,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-68@2.[136,1460,223,1709]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships of asterinid mtDNA sequences (after Waters et al., 2004). Support for particular reconstructions is indicated by bootstrap values (&gt;50%; in bold) and by decay indices (in italics). MtDNA Clades IVI are identified on the basis of high bootstrap support. Generic assignments made in this paper appear on the right." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10665497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10665497/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figures 1</figureCitation>
(clade IV, part), 2f, 11a
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8E06540FFABFFA7FCC6E0DBFB7A4B86" box="[835,1203,940,960]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA7FCC6E0DBFB7A4B86" blockId="17.[835,1203,940,960]" box="[835,1203,940,960]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0EA11E5FFABFFA7FCC6E0DBFB7A4B86" box="[835,1203,940,960]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="115B10DAFFABFFA7FCC6E0DBFB664B86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6274224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6274224" author="Dartnall, A. J. &amp; Byrne, M. &amp; Collins, J. &amp; Hart, M. W." box="[835,1199,940,960]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/92069F5FFFD5E247FEB0997D7A30F8EB" page="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="2003">
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FCC6E0DBFB664B86" ID-CoL="7NTVM" authority="Dartnall et al., 2003: 3 - 4" authorityName="Dartnall" authorityPageNumber="3 - 4" authorityYear="2003" box="[835,1199,940,960]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FCC6E0DBFC084B86" box="[835,961,940,960]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cryptasterina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFABFFA7FC4DE0DBFB664B86" author="Dartnall, A. J. &amp; Byrne, M. &amp; Collins, J. &amp; Hart, M. W." box="[968,1199,940,960]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref35476" refString="Dartnall, A. J., Byrne, M., Collins, J., and Hart, M. W. 2003. A new viviparous species of asterinid (Echinodermata, Asteroidea, Asterinidae) and a new genus to accommodate the species of pan-tropical exiguoid sea stars. Zootaxa 359: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2003">Dartnall et al., 2003: 34</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8E06540FFABFFA4FCACE0A0FF224EF6" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA7FCACE0A0FAA24DC1" blockId="17.[809,1449,982,1415]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FCACE0A0FC464BAB" box="[809,911,983,1005]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Rays 5, form pentagonal to short rays rounded distally; body with noticeable integument; low convex abactinally; abactinal plates in longitudinal series, deeply notched for papulae, many U-shaped more than crescentiform; longitudinal series of predominantly single papulae along sides of rays; non-papulate interradial areas extensive; few (13) papulae per papular space; abactinal spinelets granuliform, spaced over plates; lacking pedicellariae; lacking glassy convexities; superomarginal series prominent, longitudinally subrectangular, inferomarginals predominantly project narrowly; non-plated actinal area distal to oral plates frequently present, not extensive; actinal interradial plates in oblique series; actinal spines short conical, predominantly 1 per plate, rarely 23 distally; very small superambulacral plates few, never as series; superactinal plates present, sometimes in multiple plate struts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA7FCACE6EAFBCD4E4D" blockId="17.[809,1449,1437,1547]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FCACE6EAFC664DF5" box="[809,943,1437,1459]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<typeStatus id="4F418869FFABFFA7FCACE6EAFC914DF5" box="[809,856,1437,1459]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FC36E6EAFA604DF5" authority="Muller and Troschel, 1842" authorityName="Muller and Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[947,1449,1437,1459]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Asteriscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentagonus">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FC36E6EAFB5E4DF5" box="[947,1175,1437,1459]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Asteriscus pentagonus</emphasis>
Müller and Troschel, 1842
</taxonomicName>
(original designation) (junior synonyms:
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FB6EE6CCFBCD4DA8" authority="Dartnall, 1971" authorityName="Dartnall" authorityYear="1971" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Patiriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudoexigua">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FB6EE6CCFCA54DA8" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Patiriella pseudoexigua</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFABFFA7FCF7E6AFFBCD4DA8" author="Dartnall, A. J." box="[882,1028,1496,1518]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="39 - 49" refId="ref35394" refString="Dartnall, A. J. 1971. Australian sea stars of the genus Patiriella (Asteroidea, Asterinidae). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 96 (1): 39 - 49, fig. 1, pls 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1971">Dartnall, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FBB0E6AFFA4C4DA8" authority="Dartnall, 1971" authorityName="Dartnall" authorityYear="1971" box="[1077,1413,1496,1518]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Patiriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FBB0E6AFFB224DA8" box="[1077,1259,1496,1518]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Patiriella obscura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFABFFA7FB74E6AFFA4C4DA8" author="Dartnall, A. J." box="[1265,1413,1496,1518]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="39 - 49" refId="ref35394" refString="Dartnall, A. J. 1971. Australian sea stars of the genus Patiriella (Asteroidea, Asterinidae). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 96 (1): 39 - 49, fig. 1, pls 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1971">Dartnall, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFABFFA7FCACE682FC304E4D" author="Dartnall, A. J. &amp; Byrne, M. &amp; Collins, J. &amp; Hart, M. W." box="[809,1017,1525,1547]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref35476" refString="Dartnall, A. J., Byrne, M., Collins, J., and Hart, M. W. 2003. A new viviparous species of asterinid (Echinodermata, Asteroidea, Asterinidae) and a new genus to accommodate the species of pan-tropical exiguoid sea stars. Zootaxa 359: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2003">Dartnall et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA7FCACE568FC0B4E08" blockId="17.[809,1449,1567,1614]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FCACE568FC7A4E75" box="[809,947,1567,1587]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Other species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FC3AE568FAE74E75" authority="Dartnall and Byrne, 2003" authorityName="Dartnall and Byrne" authorityYear="2003" box="[959,1326,1567,1587]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hystera">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FC3AE568FBEB4E75" box="[959,1058,1567,1587]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. hystera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFABFFA7FBAAE568FAE74E75" author="Dartnall, A. J. &amp; Byrne, M. &amp; Collins, J. &amp; Hart, M. W." box="[1071,1326,1567,1587]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref35476" refString="Dartnall, A. J., Byrne, M., Collins, J., and Hart, M. W. 2003. A new viviparous species of asterinid (Echinodermata, Asteroidea, Asterinidae) and a new genus to accommodate the species of pan-tropical exiguoid sea stars. Zootaxa 359: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2003">Dartnall and Byrne, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FABBE568FC774E08" authority="(Hayashi, 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FABBE568FA604E75" box="[1342,1449,1567,1587]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. pacifica</emphasis>
(Hayashi, 1977)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA7FCACE515FC754EED" blockId="17.[809,1449,1634,1814]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FCACE515FB914E30" box="[809,1112,1634,1654]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Material examined.
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FC77E515FB914E30" authorityName="Dartnall and Byrne" authorityYear="2003" box="[1010,1112,1634,1654]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hystera">C. hystera</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="20923C96FFABFFA7FBE9E515FBE44ED6" collectionCode="NMV" location="Statue Bay" municipality="Yeppoon" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="F96255" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="4F418869FFABFFA7FBE9E515FB014E30" box="[1132,1224,1634,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingRegion id="523EF829FFABFFA7FB5CE515FA8E4E30" box="[1241,1351,1634,1654]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Queensland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7021ACB1FFABFFA7FAD2E515FA614E30" box="[1367,1448,1634,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Yeppoon</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="95256010FFABFFA7FCAAE50BFC514ED6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:185387DDFFABFFA4FCACE022FF224EF6:95256010FFABFFA7FCAAE50BFC514ED6" box="[815,920,1660,1680]" municipality="Yeppoon" name="Statue Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Queensland">Statue Bay</location>
),
<collectionCode id="F6EBAE0EFFABFFA7FC2EE50BFC294ED6" box="[939,992,1660,1680]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C05C9EB0FFABFFA7FC6DE50BFBE44ED6" box="[1000,1069,1660,1680]" collectionCode="NMV" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">F96255</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
(3).
<materialsCitation id="20923C96FFABFFA7FBDBE50BFC714EED" collectorName="Statue Bay, F" location="Statue Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
Other material.
<collectorName id="3D0F531DFFABFFA7FB77E50BFAB94ED6" box="[1266,1392,1660,1680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<location id="95256010FFABFFA7FB77E50BFA9E4ED6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:185387DDFFABFFA4FCACE022FF224EF6:95256010FFABFFA7FB77E50BFA9E4ED6" box="[1266,1367,1660,1680]" name="Statue Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Queensland">Statue Bay</location>
, F
</collectorName>
98457 (2); F97057 (6)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA7FCC6E5C5FB294F50" blockId="17.[809,1449,1634,1814]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFABFFA7FCC6E5C5FC764E80" baseAuthorityName="Muller and Troschel" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[835,959,1714,1734]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentagona">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FCC6E5C5FC764E80" box="[835,959,1714,1734]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. pentagona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectingRegion id="523EF829FFABFFA7FC48E5C5FBF34E80" box="[973,1082,1714,1734]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Queensland</collectingRegion>
, Cairns,
<collectionCode id="F6EBAE0EFFABFFA7FB0BE5C5FB0A4E80" box="[1166,1219,1714,1734]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
F96702 (2); Townsville, F97056 (2); F98452 (8); F98453 (1); Bowen (Airlie Beach), F97055 (4), F98454 (2); Mackay, F95959 (7); Hervey Bay, F98456 (2); Kurrimine, F95961 (2); Bingil Bay, F98455 (2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFABFFA4FCACE45BFE234908" blockId="17.[809,1449,1836,1916]" lastBlockId="18.[139,780,224,1067]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFABFFA7FCACE45BFB574F04" box="[809,1182,1836,1858]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description with species variations</emphasis>
. Rays 5 (rarely 4 or 6); interradial margin straight to slightly incurved, form pentagonal to short tapered rays rounded distally; body with noticeable integument; flat actinally, low convex abactinally, sides of rays not steep; size small (
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FE6CE38AFD9D4955" baseAuthorityName="Muller and Troschel" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[489,596,253,275]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentagona">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FE6CE38AFD9D4955" box="[489,596,253,275]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">pentagona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
up to R =
<quantity id="57029B2EFFA8FFA4FD3BE38AFCC14955" box="[702,776,253,275]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
;
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FF0EE26CFF1C4977" authorityName="Dartnall and Byrne" authorityYear="2003" box="[139,213,283,305]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hystera">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FF0EE26CFF1C4977" box="[139,213,283,305]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">hystera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
up to R =
<quantity id="57029B2EFFA8FFA4FEE2E26DFE734976" box="[359,442,282,304]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
); lacking pedicellariae; lacking actinal gonopores; not fissiparous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFA8FFA4FF2EE222FDBE4B40" blockId="18.[139,780,224,1067]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Abactinal surface even; plates low, imbricate, deeply notched for papulae, many U-shaped more than crescentiform; plates in longitudinal series; papular spaces fairly large; papulae predominantly single, large (
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FE53E2DAFD884985" baseAuthorityName="Muller and Troschel" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[470,577,429,451]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentagona">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FE53E2DAFD884985" box="[470,577,429,451]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">pentagona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or small (
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FD37E2DAFD354985" authorityName="Dartnall and Byrne" authorityYear="2003" box="[690,764,429,451]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hystera">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FD37E2DAFD354985" box="[690,764,429,451]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">hystera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), up to 3 per space; secondary plates 03 per papular space; carinal series of doubly or singly notched plates variably present; longitudinal series of papular spaces along sides of rays; disc variably bordered by 5 radial and 5 smaller interradial plates; abactinal spinelets granuliform, short columnar, spaced over plates; denuded abactinal plates with reticulate glassy ridges, not convexities; marginal plates with abactinal-type spinelets, slightly thinner and longer on inferomarginals; superomarginal series distinctive, longitudinally subrectangular; inferomarginal plates less conspicuous, predominantly project narrowly to form margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFA8FFA4FF2EE07AFCC54B06" blockId="18.[139,780,224,1067]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Actinal interradial plates in oblique series; non-plated actinal area distal to oral plates variably present, not extensive.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFA8FFA4FF2EE03FFF154B95" blockId="18.[139,780,224,1067]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Actinal spines per plate: oral 56 (proximal separated from distal frequently in
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FED8E012FE6E4B3D" authorityName="Dartnall and Byrne" authorityYear="2003" box="[349,423,869,891]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hystera">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FED8E012FE6E4B3D" box="[349,423,869,891]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">hystera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); suboral 12; furrow 23 proximally; subambulacral 1; adradial actinal 01; actinal interradial predominantly 1 (rarely 23 distally); actinal spines short conical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFA8FFA4FF2EE0ADFECB4C6D" blockId="18.[139,780,224,1067]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Small superambulacral plates few, especially distally, lacking series; superactinal plates present, sometimes in multiple plate struts.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFA8FFA4FF0EE736FF334CD4" blockId="18.[139,780,1089,1170]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FF0EE736FECF4C11" box="[139,262,1089,1111]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution</emphasis>
. Tropical Indo-Pacific; NE
<collectingCountry id="E8ED765BFFA8FFA4FDB1E736FD5A4C11" box="[564,659,1089,1111]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E8ED765BFFA8FFA4FD26E736FCC14C11" box="[675,776,1089,1111]" name="Indonesia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E8ED765BFFA8FFA4FF0EE729FEC94C32" box="[139,256,1118,1140]" name="Philippines" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, Solomon Is,
<collectingCountry id="E8ED765BFFA8FFA4FE1DE729FE2C4C32" box="[408,485,1118,1140]" name="Taiwan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E8ED765BFFA8FFA4FE76E729FDF94C32" box="[499,560,1118,1140]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Japan</collectingCountry>
; littoral and shallow sublittoral.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904536CBFFA8FFA4FF0EE7DFFF224EF6" blockId="18.[139,780,1192,1712]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FF0EE7DFFF2D4CF8" box="[139,228,1192,1214]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks</emphasis>
. In the molecular clade IV of
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFA8FFA4FDB4E7DFFCCE4CF8" author="Waters, J. M. &amp; O'Loughlin, P. M. &amp; Roy, M. S." box="[561,775,1192,1214]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="872 - 878" refId="ref37522" refString="Waters, J. M., O'Loughlin, P. M., and Roy, M. S. 2004. Molecular systematics of some Indo-Pacific asterinids (Echinodermata, Asteroidea): does taxonomy reflect phylogeny? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 872 - 878." type="journal article" year="2004">Waters et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, the label
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FF71E7B2FE574C9D" authorityName="Dartnall" authorityYear="1971" box="[244,414,1221,1243]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Patiriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudoexigua">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FF71E7B2FE574C9D" box="[244,414,1221,1243]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. pseudoexigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="E8ED765BFFA8FFA4FE34E7B2FE274C9D" box="[433,494,1221,1243]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Japan</collectingCountry>
) refers to
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FDE3E7B2FD134C9D" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[614,730,1221,1243]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FDE3E7B2FD134C9D" box="[614,730,1221,1243]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. pacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FF0EE794FEF64CBF" authorityName="Dartnall" authorityYear="1971" box="[139,319,1251,1273]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Patiriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pseudoexigua">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FF0EE794FEF64CBF" box="[139,319,1251,1273]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. pseudoexigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="E8ED765BFFA8FFA4FED3E795FE734CBE" box="[342,442,1250,1272]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Australia</collectingCountry>
) to
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FE73E794FD454CBF" baseAuthorityName="Muller and Troschel" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[502,652,1251,1273]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentagona">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FE73E794FD454CBF" box="[502,652,1251,1273]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. pentagona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(following
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFA8FFA4FF0EE677FE944D50" author="Dartnall, A. J. &amp; Byrne, M. &amp; Collins, J. &amp; Hart, M. W." box="[139,349,1280,1302]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref35476" refString="Dartnall, A. J., Byrne, M., Collins, J., and Hart, M. W. 2003. A new viviparous species of asterinid (Echinodermata, Asteroidea, Asterinidae) and a new genus to accommodate the species of pan-tropical exiguoid sea stars. Zootaxa 359: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2003">Dartnall et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
). These sister taxa are on a clade separate from
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FF47E66AFE8F4D75" box="[194,326,1309,1331]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Aquilonastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FF47E66AFE8F4D75" box="[194,326,1309,1331]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aquilonastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFA8FFA4FED7E66AFE374D75" author="Hart, M. W. &amp; Byrne, M. &amp; Johnson, S. L." box="[338,510,1309,1331]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1109 - 1116" refId="ref35982" refString="Hart, M. W., Byrne, M., and Johnson, S. L. 2003. P atiriella pseudoexigua (Asteroidea: Asterinidae): a cryptic species complex revealed by molecular and embryological analyses. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83: 1109 - 1116." type="journal article" year="2003">Hart et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
added two additional lineages to this clade (
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FEC9E64CFE7C4D17" authorityName="Dartnall and Byrne" authorityYear="2003" box="[332,437,1339,1361]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hystera">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FEC9E64CFE7C4D17" box="[332,437,1339,1361]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. hystera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and an undescribed species from Taiwan).
<bibRefCitation id="F46B4B3AFFA8FFA4FF68E62FFE0F4D28" author="Dartnall, A. J. &amp; Byrne, M. &amp; Collins, J. &amp; Hart, M. W." box="[237,454,1368,1390]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref35476" refString="Dartnall, A. J., Byrne, M., Collins, J., and Hart, M. W. 2003. A new viviparous species of asterinid (Echinodermata, Asteroidea, Asterinidae) and a new genus to accommodate the species of pan-tropical exiguoid sea stars. Zootaxa 359: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2003">Dartnall et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
erected
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FDA5E62FFD644D28" box="[544,685,1368,1390]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FDA5E62FFD644D28" box="[544,685,1368,1390]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cryptasterina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and provided a morphological diagnosis for the three species. The principal diagnostic characters of
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FE6CE6E4FDBF4DEF" box="[489,630,1427,1449]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FE6CE6E4FDBF4DEF" box="[489,630,1427,1449]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cryptasterina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seen here are: integument cover; pentagonal to short-rayed form; longitudinal series of plates on rays; granuliform spinelets; predominantly single papulae per space; absence of glassy convexities; prominent longitudinally elongate superomarginal plates; narrowly projecting inferomarginal plates; actinal interradial spines predominantly single in mid-ray; some superambulacral plates present; superactinal plates present. The similarities and differences for
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FF68E50AFEB34ED5" box="[237,378,1661,1683]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Cryptasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FF68E50AFEB34ED5" box="[237,378,1661,1683]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cryptasterina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="57FA4D48FFA8FFA4FE2FE50AFDE74ED5" box="[426,558,1661,1683]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Aquilonastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A28EEAD9FFA8FFA4FE2FE50AFDE74ED5" box="[426,558,1661,1683]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aquilonastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were discussed under the latter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>