plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/C6/0D/03C60D60FFB31422FF1D2BC7A5D83573.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

364 lines
49 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="E06558118AD4F61148C8ACD3009A208B" ID-CLB-Dataset="20810" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5094.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9581dee-ff84-4f86-812e-fac15685f80d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5964921" ID-ZooBank="2348120B-390B-4C6B-A217-315ED26EFBAD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1643789608299" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bartsch, Daniel &amp; Sáfián, Szabolcs" docDate="2022" docId="03C60D60FFB31422FF1D2BC7A5D83573" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5094.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5094 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Macrotarsipodes Le Cerf 1916" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="119" masterDocId="FFFF7518FFBD1432FF8A2D7CA4693666" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic changes and review of the genera Tipulamima Holland, 1893 and Macrotarsipodes Le Cerf, 1916 stat. rev. (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae: Sesiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1699306083117" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="B676846731A7C7445AD92AF8125385B2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8D8FC2E2FF84009056EE479F9A6AE4AF">
<mods:title id="C8FB42F6FD12571EEB29A18FC682EEEC">Taxonomic changes and review of the genera Tipulamima Holland, 1893 and Macrotarsipodes Le Cerf, 1916 stat. rev. (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae: Sesiinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="579E6EFF8FA003F99B46BBD23B40F336" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D2EEAB00EC0611F1613294F0262A7F6A">
<mods:roleTerm id="59785E3432462057E5D6EC116D09932E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6EBEFAF3067948C535E44744467A8A83">Bartsch, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E067D1E1BBDEB15FB0DD3B728B9C3638">Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EF0C7E602F1B5829D2A64B995F1C8F87" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BF1FA3C73D05CF6C624CF26E59FE1366">
<mods:roleTerm id="64A983CD5B80F64682E30E7C4AE01957">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B2EDB0283A4233DF1D9EF65AB8AE68C3">Sáfián, Szabolcs</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="572BBA63799A5EDA1E76EF9DC5E5E725">African Natural History Research Trust Street Court, Kingsland, Leominster, Herefordshire, HR 6 9 QA, UK.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="AC024E44757C45FE071EA081C5F47895">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="21389472DB6FC2326E005994D24E1375" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="09EB141B42325542198BC1C7F1399754">
<mods:title id="21688BC442179C108A1B84AEEC782E47">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="1D2A62959D7F461CEF211FE6CA56DF4C">
<mods:date id="30CD64C4E0F8D78DB679D1D3F7B07F79">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7EEC76EE82D6362A1F04F93F95F95F01" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="1028CD7FF253E4E579E4EA820C74E660">2022-02-02</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="0FF1FE81368FDCE410145C3EEFFED737" type="volume">
<mods:number id="BCB4F56FB603263DF41C12DD91350B92">5094</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AF8A69E07F2DADBA62215F5104D65DBE" type="issue">
<mods:number id="DD9DFB26F3935862B2A15ACC4698D9E0">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="FBC47C44066D00A84E8486722AEA79E5" unit="page">
<mods:start id="BB1F4CC35885DC6E855F9B313046738F">103</mods:start>
<mods:end id="ABB2D4515B1CC63EA11AE34AE50F8FAB">128</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="703F583E4BEF0770143C6C35833318BA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="54E16B2B4CA98C1B2AA9BCE596EDAE99" type="CLB-Dataset">20810</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4830288E104EDCFF368A81A20274B3EC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5094.1.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ACE846E19982D6DACDA2CBF47476195C" type="GBIF-Dataset">f9581dee-ff84-4f86-812e-fac15685f80d</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7858CC974CA6D9C14D5F1A57739501F1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9820DD2C29351679864D58B2755F1B0C" type="Zenodo-Dep">5964921</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A7F8A4F755E0B2EC21D36FCF136D89D6" type="ZooBank">2348120B-390B-4C6B-A217-315ED26EFBAD</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C60D60FFB31422FF1D2BC7A5D83573" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6302572" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193266420" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6302572" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C60D60FFB31422FF1D2BC7A5D83573" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C60D60FFB31422FF1D2BC7A5D83573" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<subSubSection id="C375EFFDFFB3143CFF1D2BC7A6ED30B0" box="[151,644,1723,1750]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB3143CFF1D2BC7A6ED30B0" blockId="14.[151,644,1723,1750]" box="[151,644,1723,1750]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<heading id="D0980B1AFFB3143CFF1D2BC7A6ED30B0" bold="true" box="[151,644,1723,1750]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFF1D2BC7A6ED30B0" bold="true" box="[151,644,1723,1750]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFF1D2BC7A67A30B0" ID-CoL="92DSW" authority="Le Cerf, 1916" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[151,531,1723,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFF1D2BC7A50830B0" bold="true" box="[151,353,1723,1750]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFEE32BC0A67A30B0" author="Le Cerf, F." box="[361,531,1724,1750]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref18074" refString="Le Cerf, F. (1916) Explication des planches. In Oberthur, C., Etudes de Lepidopterologie Comparee, 12 (1), 7 - 14, pls. 373 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8792" type="journal article" year="1916">Le Cerf, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
stat. rev.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375EFFDFFB3143CFF1D2A7DA53B317F" box="[151,338,1792,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB3143CFF1D2A7DA53B317F" blockId="14.[151,1436,1792,1909]" box="[151,338,1792,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFF1D2A7DA524317F" author="Le Cerf, F." box="[151,333,1792,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref18074" refString="Le Cerf, F. (1916) Explication des planches. In Oberthur, C., Etudes de Lepidopterologie Comparee, 12 (1), 7 - 14, pls. 373 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8792" type="journal article" year="1916">Le Cerf, 1916: 13</bibRefCitation>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375EFFDFFB3143CFED22A7DA6EA3113" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB3143CFED22A7DA077317F" blockId="14.[151,1436,1792,1909]" box="[344,1054,1792,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<typeStatus id="54D402D4FFB3143CFED22A7DA5ED317F" box="[344,388,1793,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">type</typeStatus>
species,
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFE6A2A7CA7E1317E" ID-CoL="3XBLQ" authority="Le Cerf, 1916" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[480,904,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricinctus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFE6A2A7CA69B317E" box="[480,754,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Macrotarsipodes tricinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFD722A7DA7E1317E" author="Le Cerf, F." box="[760,904,1792,1816]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref18074" refString="Le Cerf, F. (1916) Explication des planches. In Oberthur, C., Etudes de Lepidopterologie Comparee, 12 (1), 7 - 14, pls. 373 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8792" type="journal article" year="1916">Le Cerf, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB3143CFF1D2A5CA6EA3113" blockId="14.[151,1436,1792,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFF1D2A5CA5343151" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[151,349,1823,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="46 - 119" refId="ref17730" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1919) A classification of the Aegeriadae of the Oriental and Ethiopian Regions. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 46 - 119. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 5633" type="journal article" year="1919">Hampson 1919: 56</bibRefCitation>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFE7E2A63A6043151" ID-CoL="92PH4" box="[500,621,1823,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Tipulamima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFE7E2A63A6043151" box="[500,621,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Tipulamima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFD0F2A63A7D43151" author="Dalla Torre, K. W. &amp; Strand, E." box="[645,957,1823,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" refId="ref17166" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. &amp; Strand, E. (1925) Aegeriidae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 31. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 202. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 143714" type="book" year="1925">Dalla Torre &amp; Strand 1925: 6</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFC412A63A0173151" author="Gaede, M." box="[971,1150,1823,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="515 - 538" refId="ref17261" refString="Gaede, M. (1929) 22. Familie: Aegeriidae (Sesiidae). In Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Grossschmetterlinge der Erde. Bd. 14. Die afrikanischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 515 - 538, pl. 77. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019290305" type="journal article" year="1929">Gaede 1929: 518</bibRefCitation>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFA9E2A63A1E43151" ID-CoL="92PH4" box="[1300,1421,1823,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Tipulamima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFA9E2A63A1E43151" box="[1300,1421,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Tipulamima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFF4D2A42A5E23130" author="Naumann, C. M." box="[199,395,1854,1878]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="1 - 190" refId="ref18317" refString="Naumann, C. M. (1971) Untersuchungen zur Systematik und Phylogenese der holarktischen Sesiiden (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Bonner Zoologische Monographien, 1, 1 - 190." type="journal article" year="1971">Naumann 1971: 30</bibRefCitation>
, 31,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFE332A42A6963130" author="Heppner, J. B. &amp; Duckworth, W. D." box="[441,767,1854,1878]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref17844" refString="Heppner, J. B. &amp; Duckworth, W. D. (1981) Classification of the Superfamily Sesioidea (Lepidoptera, Ditrysia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 314, 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.314" type="journal article" year="1981">Heppner &amp; Duckworth 1981: 41</bibRefCitation>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFC012A42A06D3130" ID-CoL="92PH4" box="[907,1028,1854,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Tipulamima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFC012A42A06D3130" box="[907,1028,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Tipulamima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), Fletcher &amp; Nye 1982: 95,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFA952A42A5073113" author="Puhringer, F. &amp; Kallies, A." pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref18417" refString="Puhringer, F. &amp; Kallies, A. (2004) Provisional checklist of the Sesiidae of the world (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia). Mitteilungen der Entomologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Salzkammergut, 4, 1 - 85. Available from: https: // www. sesiidae. net / Checklst. htm (accessed 6 Oktober 2020)" type="journal article" year="2004">Pühringer &amp; Kallies 2004: 33</bibRefCitation>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFE762A20A61C3112" ID-CoL="92PH4" box="[508,629,1884,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Tipulamima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFE762A20A61C3112" box="[508,629,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Tipulamima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375EFFDFFB3143DFF1D2ADFA1F83497" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB3143DFF1D2ADFA1343793" blockId="14.[151,1436,1955,2017]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFF1D2ADFA56931DB" bold="true" box="[151,256,1955,1981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Remark.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFE8C2ADFA63C31DB" author="Heppner, J. B. &amp; Duckworth, W. D." box="[262,597,1955,1981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref17844" refString="Heppner, J. B. &amp; Duckworth, W. D. (1981) Classification of the Superfamily Sesioidea (Lepidoptera, Ditrysia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 314, 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.314" type="journal article" year="1981">Heppner &amp; Duckworth (1981)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB3143CFD032ADFA7D031DB" author="Puhringer, F. &amp; Kallies, A." box="[649,953,1955,1981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref18417" refString="Puhringer, F. &amp; Kallies, A. (2004) Provisional checklist of the Sesiidae of the world (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia). Mitteilungen der Entomologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Salzkammergut, 4, 1 - 85. Available from: https: // www. sesiidae. net / Checklst. htm (accessed 6 Oktober 2020)" type="journal article" year="2004">Pühringer &amp; Kallies (2004)</bibRefCitation>
placed
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFB872ADFA0A231DB" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[1037,1227,1955,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFB872ADFA0A231DB" box="[1037,1227,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFB662ADFA1F531DB" authorityName="Niculescu" authorityYear="1964" box="[1260,1436,1955,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Synanthedonini">Synanthedonini</taxonomicName>
(as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFEEC2ABBA5853187" box="[358,492,1991,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Tipulamima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFEEC2ABBA5853187" box="[358,492,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Tipulamima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFD8F2ABBA6AA3187" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[517,707,1991,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFD8F2ABBA6AA3187" box="[517,707,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows strong similarities with
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB3143CFBA02ABBA1F53187" authority="Hampson, [1893]" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[1066,1436,1990,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB3143CFBA02ABBA0A73186" box="[1066,1230,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
Hampson, [1893]
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFF422DEBA66136D7" authority="Hampson, 1900" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[200,520,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Lepidopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFF422DEBA52736D7" box="[200,334,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Lepidopoda</emphasis>
Hampson, 1900
</taxonomicName>
from Southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB2143DFC8C2DEBA07536D7" author="Arita, Y. &amp; Gorbunov, O." box="[774,1052,150,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" pagination="103 - 111" refId="ref16284" refString="Arita, Y. &amp; Gorbunov, O. (1995) A review of the genus Macrotarsipus Hampson, [1893] (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) of the Oriental region. Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan, 46 (2), 103 - 111." type="journal article" year="1995">Arita &amp; Gorbunov 1995</bibRefCitation>
, Kallies personal communication, unpublished, own results). In particular, the similar structures of labial palpus and antenna, the wing pattern, the general body shape, as well as the genitalia of both sexes. In a revision of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFC592DA3A1F5369F" authority="Arita &amp; Gorbunov (1995)" authorityName="Arita &amp; Gorbunov" authorityYear="1995" box="[979,1436,222,249]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFC592DA3A01E369E" box="[979,1143,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB2143DFBF62DA3A1F5369F" author="Arita, Y. &amp; Gorbunov, O." box="[1148,1436,222,249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" pagination="103 - 111" refId="ref16284" refString="Arita, Y. &amp; Gorbunov, O. (1995) A review of the genus Macrotarsipus Hampson, [1893] (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) of the Oriental region. Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan, 46 (2), 103 - 111." type="journal article" year="1995">Arita &amp; Gorbunov (1995)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
also placed this genus in
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFE262C7FA636377B" authorityName="Niculescu" authorityYear="1964" box="[428,607,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Synanthedonini">Synanthedonini</taxonomicName>
, based on the presence of apical scale tuft on the antenna and the matching wing venation. The first mentioned feature is a synapomorphy of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFB802C5BA0033727" box="[1034,1130,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sesiinae">Sesiinae</taxonomicName>
, the second nearly identical in most
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFF792C37A5CA3703" authorityName="Niculescu" authorityYear="1964" box="[243,419,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Synanthedonini">Synanthedonini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFE512C37A6423703" box="[475,555,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sesiini">Sesiini</taxonomicName>
. Both should therefore be regarded as plesiomorphic and are thus not suitable for assignment to subordinate categories.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB2143DFDFB2C13A7F037EF" author="Arita, Y. &amp; Gorbunov, O." box="[625,921,366,393]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" pagination="103 - 111" refId="ref16284" refString="Arita, Y. &amp; Gorbunov, O. (1995) A review of the genus Macrotarsipus Hampson, [1893] (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) of the Oriental region. Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan, 46 (2), 103 - 111." type="journal article" year="1995">Arita &amp; Gorbunov (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, however, point out that the exact systematic position of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFE9E2CEFA5D137CA" authorityName="Arita &amp; Gorbunov" authorityYear="1995" box="[276,440,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFE9E2CEFA5D137CA" box="[276,440,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains unclear and the genitalia structures of both sexes are completely different from all known tribes of the family namely in the male the very prominent gnathos and the unique shapes of uncus and valva including the structure of their sensory hairs as well as in the female the shapes of ostium bursae and antrum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB2143DFF4D2C83A1F83497" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">
The current understanding of the
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFDCB2C83A698347F" authorityName="Niculescu" authorityYear="1964" box="[577,753,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Synanthedonini">Synanthedonini</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFC952C83A7E2347C" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1828" box="[799,907,511,538]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aegeriini">Aegeriini</taxonomicName>
) dates back to
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB2143DFBBC2C83A090347F" author="Naumann, C. M." box="[1078,1273,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 190" refId="ref18317" refString="Naumann, C. M. (1971) Untersuchungen zur Systematik und Phylogenese der holarktischen Sesiiden (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Bonner Zoologische Monographien, 1, 1 - 190." type="journal article" year="1971">Naumann (1971)</bibRefCitation>
. He lists some possible synapomorphies of the tribe, paying special attention to the structure of the sensory hairs of the valva. Later authors largely adopt this view (eg.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB2143DFDAD2F3BA7003407" author="Heppner, J. B. &amp; Duckworth, W. D." box="[551,873,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref17844" refString="Heppner, J. B. &amp; Duckworth, W. D. (1981) Classification of the Superfamily Sesioidea (Lepidoptera, Ditrysia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 314, 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.314" type="journal article" year="1981">Heppner &amp; Duckworth 1981</bibRefCitation>
, Špatenka et al. 1999). We also follow Naumann’s definition and place
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFEF12F17A65034E3" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[379,569,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFEF12F17A65034E3" box="[379,569,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFDCC2F17A68334E2" authorityName="Arita &amp; Gorbunov" authorityYear="1995" box="[582,746,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFDCC2F17A68334E2" box="[582,746,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFC952F17A7CC34E3" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[799,933,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Lepidopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFC952F17A7CC34E3" box="[799,933,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Lepidopoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFC4D2F17A01E34E3" authorityName="Niculescu" authorityYear="1964" box="[967,1143,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Synanthedonini">Synanthedonini</taxonomicName>
due to some of the typical features of this tribe, i.e., the wing venation with short common stalks of forewing veins R4/R5 and hindwing veins M3/CuA1, and the male genitalia with bifurcate setae on valva and uncus. Further investigations, including molecular methods, are required to enable proper placement of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFCD42FABA0753497" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[862,1052,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFCD42FABA0753497" box="[862,1052,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFBA02FABA0A73496" authorityName="Arita &amp; Gorbunov" authorityYear="1995" box="[1066,1230,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFBA02FABA0A73496" box="[1066,1230,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFA8E2FABA1E33497" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[1284,1418,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Lepidopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFA8E2FABA1E33497" box="[1284,1418,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Lepidopoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375EFFDFFB2143DFF4D2F86A732304B" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB2143DFF4D2F86A7F1321B" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFF4D2F86A51C3572" bold="true" box="[199,373,762,788]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Redescription.</emphasis>
Small to medium sized clearwing moths with alar expanses of
<quantity id="4C971193FFB2143DFBBD2F86A0D93573" box="[1079,1200,762,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="17.0">17–25 mm</quantity>
and moderate sexual dimorphism. Head: labial palpus proximally upturned, distally straight, smoothly scaled dorsally, roughly ventrally, first palpomere short, second palpomere one and a half as long as third; proboscis well developed and certainly functional; frons smooth; antenna slightly clavate, ciliate in male and unciliate in female. Thorax: rather strong. Legs slender, smoothly scaled; tibia of fore- and midleg distally with somewhat longer, slightly tufted scales; hindleg with tibia and tarsus distinctly elongated, therefore leg up to twice as long as abdomen, tibia and terminal tarsomeres distally with some longer, slightly tufted scales, therefore appearing somewhat thickened distally. Wings: transparent areas well developed; apical area usually well developed (very small in
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFC232E8BA03E3277" authorityName="Bartsch &amp; Sáfián" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[937,1111,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFC232E8BA03E3277" box="[937,1111,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">M. pedunculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), broadest apically; forewing venation with veins R
<subScript id="17EBBE33FFB2143DFE032951A5F8325D" attach="left" box="[393,401,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">1</subScript>
and R
<subScript id="17EBBE33FFB2143DFE5D2951A5B6325D" attach="left" box="[471,479,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">2</subScript>
strongly approximated but not fused, R
<subScript id="17EBBE33FFB2143DFC1C2951A7F7325D" attach="left" box="[918,926,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">4</subScript>
and R
<subScript id="17EBBE33FFB2143DFC6F2951A784325D" attach="left" box="[997,1005,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">5</subScript>
coincided to about half way; hindwing with M
<subScript id="17EBBE33FFB2143DFF63292DA4983239" attach="left" box="[233,241,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">2</subScript>
arising from costad portion of discal vein, M
<subScript id="17EBBE33FFB2143DFD64292DA69F3239" attach="left" box="[750,758,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">3</subScript>
and CuA
<subScript id="17EBBE33FFB2143DFCE8292DA7033239" attach="left" box="[866,874,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">1</subScript>
with short common stalk. Abdomen: slender, first two segments distinctly waisted especially in male, analtuft reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB2143DFF4D29FBA4B13383" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFF4D29FBA51532C6" bold="true" box="[199,380,1158,1185]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB2143DFE0F29FBA65B32C4" author="Bradley, J. D." box="[389,562,1159,1186]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" pagination="47 - 53" refId="ref17112" refString="Bradley, J. D. (1968) Two new species of clearwing moths (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) associated with sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) in East Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 58, 47 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300055851" type="journal article" year="1968">Bradley (1968)</bibRefCitation>
presented line drawings of the genitalia of both sexes. Tegumen and uncus almost completely fused to a narrow, long segment, with a broad, distally bilobed protrusion from proximal part of tegumen (gnathos?); uncus long, oval, bipartite ventro-laterally with rows of long, bifurcate, basad pointing setae. Vinculum exceptionally short, forming a narrow, traverse, sclerotized band. Valva elongate, dorsal and ventral margin somewhat concave, distally with a more or less enlarged and weak sclerotized part; inner surface without typical crista sacculi, but with longitudinal fold in proximal half; central part, distal portion of ventral margin and longitudinal fold densely covered with bristle-like, short bifurcate setae, weak sclerotized part sparsely covered with clubbed, apically angled setae. Saccus small and short. Phallus straight, slender with short, slightly extended, proximally flat or bilobed coecum penis; vesica long, distally tapering, proximally enlarged with hook-shaped tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB2143DFF4D2893A732304B" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFF4D2893A5FF306E" bold="true" box="[199,406,1518,1545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
Apophyses unspecialized; ostium bursae and antrum well sclerotized; ductus bursae and bursa copulatrix membranous, the latter round without signum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375EFFDFFB21422FF4D2B4AA56D37B7" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB2143DFF4D2B4AA5413163" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFF4D2B4AA52B3036" bold="true" box="[199,322,1590,1616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The genus can be defined as follows: (1) scaling of labial palpus short and ventrally roughened, without hair-like scales; (2) hindlegs smooth, about twice as long as abdomen; with first tarsomere half as long as tibia; (3) abdomen proximally instead of basally waisted, analtuft absent; (4) tegumen with large, prominent and proximally shifted, double-pointed gnathos; (5) valva distally with enlarged, weak sclerotized part; (6) juxta very short; (7) corpus bursae round and simple, without signum. Characters (3), (4) and (5) are possible synapomorphies of the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFB21422FF4D2A73A00D36B3" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,789]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">
Superficially,
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFEE22A73A64F314F" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[360,550,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFEE22A73A64F314F" box="[360,550,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles some other genera of the subfamily with very long legs, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFF1D2A4FA65E312B" authority="Felder &amp; Felder, [1874]" authorityName="Felder &amp; Felder" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,567,1842,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Teinotarsina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFF1D2A4FA54D312A" box="[151,292,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Teinotarsina</emphasis>
Felder &amp; Felder, [1874]
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFDD72A4FA7E0312B" authority="Moschler, 1876" authorityName="Moschler" authorityYear="1876" box="[605,905,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Podosesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFDD72A4FA6B9312B" box="[605,720,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Podosesia</emphasis>
Möschler, 1876
</taxonomicName>
. However, based on important structures of the genitalia, with similar location of the gnathos, rather similar shape of the valva and nearly identical wing venation, it seems closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFE4D2A07A75131F3" authority="Hampson, [1893]" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[455,824,1914,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFE4D2A07A60231F2" box="[455,619,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
Hampson, [1893]
</taxonomicName>
from South-East Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFB2143DFBCE2A07A13531F3" author="Arita, Y. &amp; Gorbunov, O." box="[1092,1372,1914,1941]" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" pagination="103 - 111" refId="ref16284" refString="Arita, Y. &amp; Gorbunov, O. (1995) A review of the genus Macrotarsipus Hampson, [1893] (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) of the Oriental region. Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan, 46 (2), 103 - 111." type="journal article" year="1995">Arita &amp; Gorbunov 1995</bibRefCitation>
). The latter is unique within the
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFE312AE3A67131DF" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1828" box="[443,536,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sesiidae</taxonomicName>
by the extraordinary long hindlegs, which have tufted scales at the four terminal tarsomeres, forming a flat paddle. Males of the two genera,
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFCBD2ABFA79C31BB" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[823,1013,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFCBD2ABFA79C31BB" box="[823,1013,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFB2143DFBA62ABFA0B931BA" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[1068,1232,1987,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFB2143DFBA62ABFA0B931BA" box="[1068,1232,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="118">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are characterized by the very unusual shape of the tegumen and valva; the very short, a transverse band forming juxta; the phallus, with bilobed coecum penis. Females by the well sclerotized ostium bursae and antrum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFAD1422FF4D2DA3A02A3703" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">
Males of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FEB32DA3A59E369F" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[313,503,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FEB32DA3A59E369F" box="[313,503,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ considerably from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FC1A2DA3A05D369E" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[912,1076,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FC1A2DA3A05D369E" box="[912,1076,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the broad and flat, distally bilobed gnathos (finger-shaped with roof-shaped lobe distally in
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FCE32C7FA064377A" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[873,1037,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FCE32C7FA064377A" box="[873,1037,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the absence of a crista sacculi of the valva (present in in
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FE3C2C5BA6333726" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[438,602,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FE3C2C5BA6333726" box="[438,602,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Females differ by the location of ostium bursae, which is located between segments 7 and
<quantity id="4C971193FFAD1422FEC12C37A51F3703" box="[331,374,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FEF72C37A6523703" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[381,571,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FEF72C37A6523703" box="[381,571,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in the middle of segment
<quantity id="4C971193FFAD1422FCEC2C37A7F83703" box="[870,913,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FC122C37A0553702" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[920,1084,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FC122C37A0553702" box="[920,1084,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFAD1422FF4D2C12A56D37B7" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FF4D2C12A52337EE" bold="true" box="[199,330,366,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Barcoding.</emphasis>
Sequence data of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FD9D2C13A06737EC" authority="(Bradley, 1968)" authorityName="Bartsch &amp; Sáfián" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Bradley" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[535,1038,367,394]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptosceles">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FD9D2C13A73E37EF" box="[535,855,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipodes leptosceles</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFAD1422FCEC2C13A06C37EC" author="Bradley, J. D." box="[870,1029,367,394]" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" pagination="47 - 53" refId="ref17112" refString="Bradley, J. D. (1968) Two new species of clearwing moths (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) associated with sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) in East Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 58, 47 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300055851" type="journal article" year="1968">Bradley, 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
are generated by Scott Miller. Data of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FF3D2CEFA53237CA" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[183,347,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FF3D2CEFA53237CA" box="[183,347,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and two related, indeterminate species are available from BOLD. For phylogenetic analysis see
<figureCitation id="1354A0F3FFAD1422FF1D2CCBA56937B7" box="[151,256,439,465]" captionStart="text" captionStartId="16.[151,192,1036,1060]" captionTargetBox="[203,1370,813,1012]" captionTargetId="figure-306@16.[203,1383,813,1013]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="text FIG.2. Phylogenetic analysis (MrBayes using RAxML usertree) of Macrotarsipodes (based on COI barcode sequences, 10 million generations, values are posterior probabilities). Sister groups Macrotarsipus Hampson, [1893], Lepidopoda dasysceles (Bradley, 1968) and two indeterminate Synanthedonini from Cameroon and Tanzania." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5975473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5975473/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">text fig.2</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375EFFDFFAD1422FF4D2CA6A5D83573" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD0BC76FFAD1422FF4D2CA6A5D83573" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FF4D2CA6A54E3792" bold="true" box="[199,295,474,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Biology.</emphasis>
Two species,
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FE4E2CA7A60D3793" authorityName="Bartsch &amp; Sáfián" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Bradley" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[452,612,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptosceles">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FE4E2CA7A60D3793" box="[452,612,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">M. leptosceles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FD102CA7A76D3792" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[666,772,475,500]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricinctus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FD102CA7A76D3792" box="[666,772,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">tricinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have been recorded as agricultural pests on sweet potatoes (
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FF2B2C83A533347F" box="[161,346,511,537]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="batatas">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FF2B2C83A533347F" box="[161,346,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Ipomoea batatas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FEEC2C83A675347C" box="[358,540,511,538]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Convolvulaceae</taxonomicName>
) and are mentioned in literature of agricultural pest control (e.g. Ames et al. 1996,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFAD1422FF1D2F5FA55A345B" author="Bradley, J. D." box="[151,307,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" pagination="47 - 53" refId="ref17112" refString="Bradley, J. D. (1968) Two new species of clearwing moths (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) associated with sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) in East Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 58, 47 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300055851" type="journal article" year="1968">Bradley 1968</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEC187FFAD1422FECA2F5FA5A5345B" author="Zhang, B. C." box="[320,460,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" refId="ref18813" refString="Zhang, B. C. (1994) Index of economically important Lepidoptera, 1994. CAB International, Cambridge, 599 pp." type="book" year="1994">Zhang 1994</bibRefCitation>
). Nderitu &amp; Sila et al. (2009) highlight
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FC1B2F5FA05A345B" authorityName="Bartsch &amp; Sáfián" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Bradley" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[913,1075,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptosceles">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FC1B2F5FA05A345B" box="[913,1075,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">M. leptosceles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as “one of the most destructive and important economic pest species” on sweet potatoes in Eastern
<collectingCountry id="F378FCE6FFAD1422FC2E2F3BA7983407" box="[932,1009,583,609]" name="Kenya" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Kenya</collectingCountry>
. Sweet potatoes are native to Central America, but are now cultivated worldwide as an important crop in tropical and subtropical regions. The infestation by caterpillars of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FED22FF3A67F34CF" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[344,534,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FED22FF3A67F34CF" box="[344,534,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a result of secondary adaptation, and African species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FB162FF3A13934CF" box="[1180,1360,655,681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Convolvulaceae</taxonomicName>
would certainly be the native hosts of this species. Nevertheless, many species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6FC7F5FFAD1422FB842FCFA0A534AB" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1916" box="[1038,1228,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Macrotarsipodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91B6064FFAD1422FB842FCFA0A534AB" box="[1038,1228,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="119">Macrotarsipodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may have a high potential as pest species and there is a serious risk of introduction into regions or even continents outside of their native distribution range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink