343 lines
38 KiB
XML
343 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6b7983e-dc70-447a-bb89-c93b74d6f249" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473353" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-53-77" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" ID-ZBK="989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575132" ID-ZooBank="989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BE520902-9F48-41F3-97DC-0152ADEB90E9" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2607-53-77" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research " ModsDocTitle="New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non-Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)" checkinTime="1553125490764" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tang, Chang-Ti, Miko, Istvan, Nicholls, James A., Schweger, Szabina, Yang, Man-Miao, Stone, Graham N., Sinclair, Frazer, Bozso, Miklos, Melika, George & Penzes, Zsolt" docDate="2016" docId="58B8C63BB8A47D9B5589278C557F591E" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 53: 77-162" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 53" docPubDate="2016-12-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890" docTitle="Dryocosmus caputgrusi Tang & Schweger 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="BE520902-9F48-41F3-97DC-0152ADEB90E9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" masterDocTitle="New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="77" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1643491172415" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tang, Chang-Ti</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miko, Istvan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Pennsylvania State University, Department of Entomology, Frost Entomological Museum, PA, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nicholls, James A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schweger, Szabina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Szeged, Department of Ecology, Koezep fasor 52 Szeged, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yang, Man-Miao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stone, Graham N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sinclair, Frazer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bozso, Miklos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Penzes, Zsolt</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Szeged, Department of Ecology, Koezep fasor 52 Szeged, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2016-12-19</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>53</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>77</mods:start>
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<mods:end>162</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890</mods:url>
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||
</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-53-77</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">575132</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
|
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473353" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BE520902-9F48-41F3-97DC-0152ADEB90E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/58B8C63BB8A47D9B5589278C557F591E" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/BE520902-9F48-41F3-97DC-0152ADEB90E9" authority="Tang & Schwéger" authorityName="Tang & Schweger" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus caputgrusi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputgrusi" status="sp. n.">
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Dryocosmus caputgrusi Tang &
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Schwéger">Schweger</normalizedToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="11" pageNumber="88">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–23" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 23. Dryocosmus caputgrusi, female, sp. n. 18 - 21, head: 18 frontal view 19 posterior view 20 dorsal view 21 lateral view 22 antenna 23 pronotum and propleuron, frontal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures18-23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115543" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Figures 18-23</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–28" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 28. Dryocosmus caputgrusi, female, sp. n. 24 mesosoma, lateral view 25 mesosoma, dorsal view 26 mesosoma and propodeum, posterodorsal view 27 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 28 fore wing, part (tel = transepisternal line, dms = disc of mesoscutellum, spe = speculum)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures24-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115544" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">, 24-28</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 29–32" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 29 - 32. Dryocosmus caputgrusi sp. n. 29 - 30 female, metasoma: 29 lateral view 30 dorsal view 31 - 32 galls (photos by C. - T. Tang)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures29-32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115545" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">, 29-32</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="89" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
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HOLOTYPE female: TAIWAN: Taoyuan Co., Xiaowulai, entrance of Mt. Beichatian Trail, Fushing Township, 20.V.2011 (TWT476), ex
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis uraiana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uraiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Castanopsis uraiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="52.44" value="24.7979">24°47'52.44"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.71" value="121.4202">121°25'12.71"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 937m, ex crane head like leaf gall (TWTl14), adult em. 23.V.2011, leg. Chang-Ti Tang. PARATYPES: 3 females: TAIWAN: Taoyuan Co., Xiaowulai, entrance of Mt. Beichatian Trail, Fushing Township, 20.V.2011 (TWT476), ex
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis uraiana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uraiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Castanopsis uraiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="52.44" value="24.7979">24°47'52.44"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.71" value="121.4202">121°25'12.71"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 937m, ex crane head like leaf gall, dissected on 20.V.2011, leg. Chang-Ti Tang; 1 female PARATYPE: TAIWAN: Taitung Co., Shanzhuku, Dawu Township, ex male catkin gall with long stalk on
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis carlesii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carlesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Castanopsis carlesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(TWTc1),
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="14.73" value="22.320759">22°19'14.73"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="39.03" value="120.86084">120°51'39.03"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 389 m, gall collected 30.III.2012 (TWT601), adult em. 13.IV.2012, leg. C.T. Tang, Y.K. Tzou.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">The female holotype and 1 female paratype are deposited in NMNS, 1 female paratype in PHMB, 1 female paratype in NCHU.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
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The Latin
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“caput”">"caput"</normalizedToken>
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means
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“head”">"head"</normalizedToken>
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, and "
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<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gruidae" genus="Grus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Grus" order="Gruiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Grus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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" is a common crane genus name. The name reflects the shape of the gall which looks like a crane head.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Schweger" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus caputgrusi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputgrusi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus caputgrusi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Melika" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus pentagonalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentagonalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus pentagonalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Melika" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus triangularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus triangularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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belong to the group of species in which striae marking the transepisternal line extend at least
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
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of the mesopleuron length and the speculum is delicately striate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–28" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 28. Dryocosmus caputgrusi, female, sp. n. 24 mesosoma, lateral view 25 mesosoma, dorsal view 26 mesosoma and propodeum, posterodorsal view 27 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 28 fore wing, part (tel = transepisternal line, dms = disc of mesoscutellum, spe = speculum)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures24-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115544" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">24</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
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In
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Melika" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus triangularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus triangularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the female POL/OOL = 1.8 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 174–181" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figures 174 - 181. 174 - 175 Dryocosmus pentagonalis: 174 head, female, dorsal view 175 head, male, frontal view. 176 - 177 Dryocosmus triangularis: 176 head, female, dorsal view 177 head, male, frontal view 178 - 179 Dryocosmus pentagonalis, female: 178 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 179 mesosoma, lateral view, part 180 - 181 Dryocosmus testisimilis, female: 180 central propodeal area, posterior view 181 mesoscutum, dorsal view (dms = disc of mesoscutellum, not = notaulus)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures174-181" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115571" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">176</figureCitation>
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); the male eye height / malar distance = 8.70; the male eye height / transfacial distance = 1.40 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 174–181" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figures 174 - 181. 174 - 175 Dryocosmus pentagonalis: 174 head, female, dorsal view 175 head, male, frontal view. 176 - 177 Dryocosmus triangularis: 176 head, female, dorsal view 177 head, male, frontal view 178 - 179 Dryocosmus pentagonalis, female: 178 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 179 mesosoma, lateral view, part 180 - 181 Dryocosmus testisimilis, female: 180 central propodeal area, posterior view 181 mesoscutum, dorsal view (dms = disc of mesoscutellum, not = notaulus)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures174-181" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115571" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">177</figureCitation>
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); male pedicel nearly as long as the scape.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
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In
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Schweger" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus caputgrusi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputgrusi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus caputgrusi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Melika" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus pentagonalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentagonalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus pentagonalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the female POL/OOL = 1.4 (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–23" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 23. Dryocosmus caputgrusi, female, sp. n. 18 - 21, head: 18 frontal view 19 posterior view 20 dorsal view 21 lateral view 22 antenna 23 pronotum and propleuron, frontal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures18-23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115543" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">20</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 174–181" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figures 174 - 181. 174 - 175 Dryocosmus pentagonalis: 174 head, female, dorsal view 175 head, male, frontal view. 176 - 177 Dryocosmus triangularis: 176 head, female, dorsal view 177 head, male, frontal view 178 - 179 Dryocosmus pentagonalis, female: 178 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 179 mesosoma, lateral view, part 180 - 181 Dryocosmus testisimilis, female: 180 central propodeal area, posterior view 181 mesoscutum, dorsal view (dms = disc of mesoscutellum, not = notaulus)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures174-181" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115571" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">174</figureCitation>
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); male eye height / malar distance = 8.1; male eye height / transfacial distance = 1.20 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 174–181" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figures 174 - 181. 174 - 175 Dryocosmus pentagonalis: 174 head, female, dorsal view 175 head, male, frontal view. 176 - 177 Dryocosmus triangularis: 176 head, female, dorsal view 177 head, male, frontal view 178 - 179 Dryocosmus pentagonalis, female: 178 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 179 mesosoma, lateral view, part 180 - 181 Dryocosmus testisimilis, female: 180 central propodeal area, posterior view 181 mesoscutum, dorsal view (dms = disc of mesoscutellum, not = notaulus)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures174-181" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115571" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">175</figureCitation>
|
||
); the male pedicel / scape<1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="984521" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures18-23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115543" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" start="Figures 18–23" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Figures 18-23.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Schweger" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus caputgrusi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputgrusi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus caputgrusi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, sp. n. 18-21, head:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">18</emphasis>
|
||
frontal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">19</emphasis>
|
||
posterior view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">20</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">21</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">22</emphasis>
|
||
antenna
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">23</emphasis>
|
||
pronotum and propleuron, frontal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="984523" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures24-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115544" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" start="Figures 24–28" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Figures 24-28.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Schweger" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus caputgrusi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputgrusi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus caputgrusi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, sp. n.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">24</emphasis>
|
||
mesosoma, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">25</emphasis>
|
||
mesosoma, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">26</emphasis>
|
||
mesosoma and propodeum, posterodorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">27</emphasis>
|
||
metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">28</emphasis>
|
||
fore wing, part (tel=transepisternal line, dms=disc of mesoscutellum, spe=speculum).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Schweger" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus caputgrusi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputgrusi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus caputgrusi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: the disc of the mesoscutellum is glabrous, smooth, at least in anterior half (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–28" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 28. Dryocosmus caputgrusi, female, sp. n. 24 mesosoma, lateral view 25 mesosoma, dorsal view 26 mesosoma and propodeum, posterodorsal view 27 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 28 fore wing, part (tel = transepisternal line, dms = disc of mesoscutellum, spe = speculum)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures24-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115544" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">25</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Melika" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus pentagonalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentagonalis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Dryocosmus pentagonalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: the disc of the mesoscutellum is entirely rugose, matt (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 174–181" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figures 174 - 181. 174 - 175 Dryocosmus pentagonalis: 174 head, female, dorsal view 175 head, male, frontal view. 176 - 177 Dryocosmus triangularis: 176 head, female, dorsal view 177 head, male, frontal view 178 - 179 Dryocosmus pentagonalis, female: 178 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 179 mesosoma, lateral view, part 180 - 181 Dryocosmus testisimilis, female: 180 central propodeal area, posterior view 181 mesoscutum, dorsal view (dms = disc of mesoscutellum, not = notaulus)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures174-181" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115571" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">178</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
|
||
Sexual female: Head color: brown; mandibles, maxillary and labial palps yellowish; scape and pedicel yellow, flagellomeres progressively darker. Meso
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="90" start="start">soma</pageBreakToken>
|
||
and metasoma color: dark brown, except for lighter tegula, propodeum and posterior half of metasoma, legs yellowish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Head sculpture: coriaceous. Head shape anterior view: NOT CODED. Head width / head length: 2.10. Head width / head height: 1.10. Head width / maximum mesosoma width: <1. Gena sculpture: coriaceous. Gena reflectivity: matt. Gena length / eye width: 0.40. Gena shape: not boradened posterior to eye, not visible in frontal view. Malar striae dorsal limit: torulus-eye line on lower face and lower eye margin on
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="91" start="start">malar</pageBreakToken>
|
||
area. Malar striae count: present. Malar area: alutaceous. Malar sulcus: absent. Eye height / malar distance: 2.85. Inner margins of eyes: converging ventrally. Median ocellus shape: NOT CODED. Lateral ocellus shape: NOT CODED. POL / OOL: 1.40. OOL / diameter of lateral ocellus: 1.40. OOL / LOL: 1.45. Diameter of lateral ocellus / diameter of median ocellus:>1. Transfacial distance / eye height: 1.10. Diameter of torulus / intertorular distance: 1.10. Intertorular distance / eye torulus distance: NOT CODED. Eye-torulus distance / diameter of torulus: 1.25. Lower face sculpture: alutaceous. Lower face pilosity color: white. Lower face pilosity density: rare. Clypeus convexity: convex. Clypeus sculpture: coriaceous. Clypeus ventral margin shape: straight. Clypeus reflectivity: NOT CODED. Clypeus shape anterior view: trapezoid. Clypeus pilosity: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity density: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity color: NOT CODED. Anterior tentorial pit: large, distinct. Epistomal sulcus: distinct. Clypeo-pleurostomal line: distinct. Frons sculpture: coriaceous. Frons pilosity density: rare. Frons reflectivity: matt. Frons pilosity color: white. Impression around central ocellus: present. Interocellar area sculpture: coriaceous. Interocellar area pilosity density: rare. Interocellar area reflectivity: matt. Interocellar area pilosity color: white. Vertex sculpture: coriaceous. Vertex pilosity density: rare. Vertex reflectivity: matt. Vertex pilosity color: white. Occiput sculpture: coriaceous. Occiput pilosity density: rare. Occiput reflectivity: matt. Occiput pilosity color: white. Postocciput sculpture: coriaceous. Postocciput reflectivity: matt. Postocciput pilosity: present. Postocciput pilosity density: rare. Postocciput pilosity color: white. Median impression of postocciput dorsal to occipital foramen: present. Posterior tentorial pit: distinct, ovate, deep. Impression abjacent ventrally to posterior tentorial pit: present. Postgena sculpture: alutaceous with some sub-parallel delicate longitudinal wrinkles. Postgena reflectivity: glossy. Postgena pilosity color: white. Postgena pilosity density: rare. Postgena pilosity count: absent medially, present laterally. Postgenal bridge / height of occipital foramen: 1. Postgenal bridge / length of oral foramen: <1. Postgenal bridge sculpture: NOT CODED. Number of flagellomeres (female): 13. Antenna length / body length: <1. Pedicel length / pedicel width: 2.0. Pedicel length / length of broadened part of scape: NOT CODED. Combined length of scape and pedicel / first flagellomere length:>1. F1 length / F2 length: 1. F1 length / pedicel length: 1.75. F1 length / F3 length: NOT CODED. Flagellomeres relative length: F3>F4>F5>F6>F7>F8>F9>F10>F11>F12. F4-F7 relative length: NOT CODED. F3 length/F2 length: NOT CODED. F3 length / F4 length: NOT CODED. F8 length / F7 length: NOT CODED. F9 length /F8 length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F9 length: NOT CODED. F9-F11 relative length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F11 length: NOT CODED. F12 length / F11 length: NOT CODED. F13 length / F12 length: 1. Placoid sensilla present on: F2-F13.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="14" pageNumber="91">
|
||
Mesosoma length lateral view / mesosoma height lateral view: 1.15. Pronotum sculpture: alutaceous with some rugae laterally. Pronotal dorsal row of setae count: present. Transverse pronotal sulcus depth: deep. Transverse pronotal sulcus sculpture: foevolate. Mesoscutum sculpture: smooth. Mesoscutum reflectivity: glossy. Adnotaular setae: present. Mesoscutum length / transscutal line: 1.07. Notaulus limits:
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="92" start="start">well-impressed</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, posterior end adjacent to posterior margin of mesoscutum, anterior end adjacent to anterior margin of mesoscutum. Notaulus sculpture: NOT CODED. Notaulus posterior region width / anterior region width: NOT CODED. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus anterior end vs notaulus anterior end: adjacent. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus sculpture: NOT CODED. Median mesoscutal line: absent. Median mesoscutal line shape: NOT CODED. Parapsidal line: absent. Parapsidal line distinctness: NOT CODED. Anteroadmedian line: present. Antero-admedian
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="93" start="start">line</pageBreakToken>
|
||
length / mesoscutum median length: 0.2. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae): smooth anteromedially, rugose posteromedially, foveolate laterally and posteriorly. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) shape: trapezoid. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity color: white. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity density: rare. Mesoscutellar axillar complex posterior margin vs metanotum: overhanging. Mesoscutellar-axillar complex length / mesoscutellar disc width:>1. Disc of mesoscutellum sculpture: smooth anteriorly rugose posteriorly. Disc of mesoscutellum maximum width: in posterior 1/3. Scutellar fovea sculpture: smooth with longitudinal, parallel rugae. Scutellar fovea shape: semilunar. Scutellar fovea reflectivity: glossy. Foveal septum: narrow, triangular. Anterior pits on foveal septum: NOT CODED. Scutellar fovea maximum diameter / scutellar fovea minimum diameter: NOT CODED. Scutellar fovea minimum diameter / foveal septum width: NOT CODED. Postacetabular suclus count: NOT CODED. Mesopleuron sculpture: smooth striae corresponding to transepisternal line extending to mesocoxal foramen, area dorsal to transepisternal line transversely striate. Mesopleuron reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleuron pilosity: glabrous. Speculum sculpture: smooth. Speculum reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleural triangle sculpture: alutaceous. Mesopleural triangle reflectivity: NOT CODED. Mesopleural triangle pilosity: present. Mesopleural triangle pilosity color: NOT CODED. Mesopleural trinagle pilosity density: rare. Dorsoaxillar area sculpture: alutaceous with few rugae. Dorsoaxillar area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area sculpture: alutaceous with few rugae. Lateroaxillar area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Subaxillular bar sculpture: smooth. Subaxillular bar reflectivity: glossy. Posterior height of subaxillular bar / height of metanotal trough: 1. Metapleural sulcus anterior end: reaches mesometapleural suture slightly dorsally of its mid-height. Metascutellum sculpture: coriaceous. Metanotal trough sculpture: smooth. Metanotal trough reflectivity: glossy. Metanotal trough pilosity: absent. Metanotal trough pilosity density: NOT CODED. Ventral impressed area of metanotum sculpture: smooth without striae. Metascutellum height / ventral impressed area of metanotum height: 1. Central propodeal area sculpture: smooth with irregular rugae. Central propodeal area reflectivity: glossy. Lateral propodeal carina shape: broad, high, lyre-shaped. Lateral propodeal area sculpture: coriaceous with irregular rugae. Lateral propodeal area pilosity: present. Lateral propodeal area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Lateral propodeal area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Nucha sculpture: with delicate longitudinal rugae dorsally and laterally. Radial cell length / radial cell width: 4.5. Rs+M vs basalis: reaches basalis in lower half of its height. Rs+M color: dark brown. Areolet: large, triangular, conspicuous. Marginal cilia: long. Rs distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. R1 distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. Basal lobe on metatarsal claw: absent. Basal lobe on tarsal claw shape: NOT CODED.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="94" start="start">Metasoma</pageBreakToken>
|
||
length / head+mesosoma length: <1. Metasoma lateral height / metasoma lateral length: <1. 2nd metasomal tergite length dorsal view / length of metasoma dorsal view: 1/3. Second metasomal tergite pilosity: NOT CODED. Second metasomal tergite sculpture: smooth. Second metasomal tergite reflectivity: glossy. Second metasomal tergite pilosity density: NOT CODED. Metasomal tergites 3-6 sculpture: smooth, no micropunctures. Metasomal tergites 3-6 reflectivity: glossy. Metasomal tergites 3-6 pilosity: absent. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium length ventral view / Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium width ventral view: 1.70. Hypopygial setae apical end: extending beyond posterior end of ventral spine of hypopygium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">Body length: 2.60 mm (n=2).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">Male: unknown</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">
|
||
Gall (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 29–32" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 29 - 32. Dryocosmus caputgrusi sp. n. 29 - 30 female, metasoma: 29 lateral view 30 dorsal view 31 - 32 galls (photos by C. - T. Tang)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures29-32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115545" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">31-32</figureCitation>
|
||
): The gall is unilocular, spindle-shaped and is attached with a long stalk to the leaf. The gall is 8.0-12.7 mm long, 1.5-1.8 mm wide (n=4), with a stalk varying in length from 6.4 mm to 8.1 mm. The swollen part of the spindle-shaped gall indicates the position of the larval chamber. The gall is green at both young and mature stages, with a smooth surface when growing and delicately rugose when mature. Galls were found also on male catkins (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 29–32" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 29 - 32. Dryocosmus caputgrusi sp. n. 29 - 30 female, metasoma: 29 lateral view 30 dorsal view 31 - 32 galls (photos by C. - T. Tang)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures29-32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115545" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">32</figureCitation>
|
||
). In this case, the gall is greenish and pubescent. The main body of the gall is spindle-shaped with a stalk; the spindle-shaped part is 5.3-6.0 mm long, and 1.1-1.4 mm wide (n=5). The length of the stalk varies from 4.9 mm to 6.8 mm (n=5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="984525" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures29-32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115545" pageId="17" pageNumber="94" start="Figures 29–32" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">Figures 29-32.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang & Schweger" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus caputgrusi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputgrusi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">Dryocosmus caputgrusi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">29-30</emphasis>
|
||
female, metasoma:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">29</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">30</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">31-32</emphasis>
|
||
galls (photos by C.-T. Tang).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="95" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="95" start="start">Biology</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">
|
||
Although only females were collected, the emergence of adults in May and the female morphology suggest that this is a sexual generation. Galls appear on young leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis uraiana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uraiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Castanopsis uraiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in March; adults emerged in late May. The catkin galls (TWTc1, TWT601) were found on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis carlesii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carlesii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Castanopsis carlesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in late March; adults emerged in the first half of April.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="95" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Taiwan: Taoyuan and Taitung Counties.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |