224 lines
24 KiB
XML
224 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="1C92FF5F62AD97F8DEC19EFFE0253295" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8770e7d9-65f4-4cee-a935-a5f365a95f32" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="258895" ID-ZooBank="00F1BDB5-AB25-47A0-B789-2E05D2E683DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460009663303" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Beaver, Roger A., Ghahari, Hassan & Sanguansub, Sunisa" docDate="2016" docId="6B5C9A7C4759FFDFC797E39BFC04F933" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4098.3.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4098 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hylesinus varius Fabricius 1775" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="409" masterDocId="9765E2044751FFD7C700E71CFFD5FFD3" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran" masterLastPageNumber="441" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="409" updateTime="1698233404894" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="A479541456488F629BD54E87CC280D28" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1E3211D82AD597CA032C034A17135F5C">
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<mods:title id="AA5800D7E84E3658F9E8A333B2852B2F">An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="47FEA9DE4394520B0F2C096A00015428" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="4534298B5368D4C95B23D6F2FBE20EEB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="18620C449A03DC7B3CE20A1C56EB266F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C9CBD0250B3136E6FA1D3D3E7B209987">Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E5E2428B0A22D511E8E94966BF87E9D3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C042FDD37A5605EDE7848A46558E09F6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="61FC4FFF3601EA42C457AB15220E096C">Ghahari, Hassan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="368A601919DF2329B7D328E31B35F867" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DEDCC4B06740E391422E64423ADC7FC0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A81C7A6DB0EB7393991396C1F7F78BDE">Sanguansub, Sunisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BD17E104E3A1F53E0E87C08150F34CE1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E55AD69A981B8F121FE2AA96330B7F4D">
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<mods:title id="4017D983080608494EB5901A677F1C23">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F7510F5FD201A022E1E4C68AE92351B2">
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<mods:date id="8C4CFA7504E4FCFE3FC4554ED81B5064">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4F5CFD2FBB17DDF6D5799147CE272B8D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D02FBBF3998033FF44C7B87DFC0DFFCD">4098</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="0A8615AAB2C032B8E9833EDC0CA3ACFB" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D52E8CD63929E414803831043481FEC6">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="667F8D5CD056D7AD7228F2AE2595FE9E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B1DE332FAECAE0155BF33AFAB8E9A8AE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6B5C9A7C4759FFDFC797E39BFC04F933" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669399" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119381158" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5669399" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6B5C9A7C4759FFDFC797E39BFC04F933" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B5C9A7C4759FFDFC797E39BFC04F933" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14759FFDFC797E39BFDFFFB73" box="[151,554,1159,1184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4759FFDFC797E39BFDFFFB73" blockId="8.[151,554,1159,1184]" box="[151,554,1159,1184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
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<heading id="B8029C064759FFDFC797E39BFDFFFB73" bold="true" box="[151,554,1159,1184]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC797E39BFDFFFB73" ID-CoL="3NFH3" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[151,554,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylesinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC797E39BFDFFFB73" bold="true" box="[151,554,1159,1184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC797E39BFE8DFB73" bold="true" box="[151,344,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Hylesinus varius</emphasis>
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(Fabricius, 1775)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14759FFDFC797E3D3FCFAFA13" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4759FFDFC797E3D3FB8EFAE3" blockId="8.[151,1436,1231,1760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC797E3D3FE5BFB3B" bold="true" box="[151,398,1231,1256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
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Distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4759FFDFC653E3D3FE5FFB3B" box="[339,394,1231,1256]" name="Iran" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Iran</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Qom (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC6E0E3D3FD4CFB3B" author="Borumand" box="[480,665,1231,1256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Borumand, H. (1998) Insects of Iran: the list of coleoptera in the insect collection of Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute: Coleoptera (XXIV), Curculionoidea, Fam. 162, 166 - 171 (Anthribidae, Attelabidae, Brentidae, Apionidae, Curculionidae, Scolytidae, Platypodidae. Plants Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran, 110 pp." type="book chapter" year="1998">Borumand 1998</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC5C3E3D3FBF5FB3B" authority="Panzer 1799" authorityName="Panzer" authorityYear="1799" box="[707,1056,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylesinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraxini">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC5C3E3D3FC53FB3B" box="[707,902,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Hylesinus fraxini</emphasis>
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Panzer 1799
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</taxonomicName>
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), generally distributed (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC22FE3D3FEC4FADF" author="Modarres" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC637E3E8FE2DFADF" box="[311,504,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylesinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraxini">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC637E3E8FE2DFADF" box="[311,504,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Hylesinus fraxini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4759FFDFC510E3E9FDE8FADF" box="[528,573,1269,1292]" name="Iran" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(no locality cited) (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC41CE3E8FBF2FADF" author="Mifsud" box="[796,1063,1268,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Mifsud, D. & Knizek, M. (2009) The bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) of the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Malta, 2, 25 - 52." type="journal article" year="2009">Mifsud & Knížek 2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC334E3E8FB1DFADF" author="Knizek" box="[1076,1224,1268,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Knizek, M. (2011) Platypodinae and Scolytinae. In: Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 7. Curculionoidea I. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 201 - 251." type="book" year="2011">Knížek 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). It is possible that some records of this species may actually refer to
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC5C7E20BFC1EFAFC" authority="Petrov" authorityName="Petrov" box="[711,971,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylesinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verae">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC5C7E20BFCAEFAE3" box="[711,891,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Hylesinus verae</emphasis>
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Petrov
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</taxonomicName>
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(see below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4759FFDFC7C7E220FB0AFAAB" blockId="8.[151,1436,1231,1760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC7C7E220FE13FA86" bold="true" box="[199,454,1340,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">General distribution.</emphasis>
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Europe, North Africa,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4759FFDFC5D6E220FCFDFA86" box="[726,808,1340,1365]" name="Turkey" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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. Records from Northern
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4759FFDFC34BE220FB5BFA86" box="[1099,1166,1340,1365]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">China</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC3A0E220FAE0FA87" author="Knizek" box="[1184,1333,1340,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Knizek, M. (2011) Platypodinae and Scolytinae. In: Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 7. Curculionoidea I. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 201 - 251." type="book" year="2011">Knížek 2011</bibRefCitation>
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) may be misidentifications or indicate the introduction of the species to that region. Introduced into
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4759FFDFC393E243FB0EFAAB" box="[1171,1243,1375,1400]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4759FFDFC7C7E298FCFAFA13" blockId="8.[151,1436,1231,1760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC7C7E298FE9FFA4E" bold="true" box="[199,330,1412,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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The species has often been referred to in the literature as its synonym,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC374E298FA49FA4F" authority="Panzer" authorityName="Panzer" box="[1140,1436,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylesinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraxini">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC374E298FAE3FA4F" box="[1140,1334,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Hylesinus fraxini</emphasis>
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(Panzer)
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</taxonomicName>
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(e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC7D0E2BBFE98FA13" author="Stark" box="[208,333,1447,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Stark, V. N. (1952) Fauna of the USSR, Coleoptera 31, Bark Beetles. Akademia Nauk, Moscow, 463 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1952">Stark 1952</bibRefCitation>
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), or
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC67FE2B5FD86FA13" box="[383,595,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Leperisinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraxini">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC67FE2B5FD86FA13" box="[383,595,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Leperisinus fraxini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC593E2BBFCF6FA13" author="Pfeffer" box="[659,803,1447,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Pfeffer, A. (1995) Zentral- und Westpalaarktische Borken- und Kernkafer. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae, Platypodidae). Pro Entomologia, Basel, 310 pp." type="book" year="1995">Pfeffer 1995</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14759FFDFC7C7E2D0FBADF94B" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4759FFDFC7C7E2D0FBADF94B" blockId="8.[151,1436,1231,1760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC7C7E2D0FEF2FA36" bold="true" box="[199,295,1484,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Biology.</emphasis>
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Usually the species breeds in trees of the family
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC46AE2D0FC04FA36" box="[874,977,1484,1509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC4E3E2D1FB9DFA37" box="[995,1096,1485,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC4E3E2D1FB9DFA37" box="[995,1096,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Fraxinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC359E2D0FB5AFA36" box="[1113,1167,1484,1509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Limapontiidae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC359E2D0FB5AFA36" box="[1113,1167,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Olea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC3A1E2D1FB2DFA37" box="[1185,1272,1485,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Syringa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC3A1E2D1FB2DFA37" box="[1185,1272,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Syringa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), but has also been recorded in other hosts (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC6EBE2F3FDB8F9DB" author="Stark" box="[491,621,1519,1544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Stark, V. N. (1952) Fauna of the USSR, Coleoptera 31, Bark Beetles. Akademia Nauk, Moscow, 463 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1952">Stark 1952</bibRefCitation>
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). In
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4759FFDFC5A2E2EDFD1AF9DB" box="[674,719,1521,1544]" name="Iran" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Iran</collectingCountry>
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it has been recorded from
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC308E2ECFB1FF9DB" box="[1032,1226,1519,1544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betulus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC308E2ECFB1FF9DB" box="[1032,1226,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Carpinus betulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC3DAE2F3FEF2F9FE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="avellana">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC3DAE2F3FA4EF9DB" box="[1242,1435,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Corylus avellana</emphasis>
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(Betulaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC63BE108FD1CF9FE" box="[315,713,1556,1581]" class="Trematoda" family="Hemiuridae" genus="Robinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pseudoacacia">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC63BE108FDE9F9FE" box="[315,572,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Robinia pseudoacacia</emphasis>
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(Fabaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC5DCE109FBFFF9FF" box="[732,1066,1556,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientalis">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC5DCE109FC48F9FE" box="[732,925,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Fagus orientalis</emphasis>
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(Fagaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC33DE108FA4DF9FE" box="[1085,1432,1556,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="regia">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC33DE108FB0BF9FF" box="[1085,1246,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Juglans regia</emphasis>
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(Juglandaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC797E125FEBDF983" box="[151,360,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="excelsior">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC797E125FEBDF983" box="[151,360,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Fraxinus excelsior</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC677E12BFDC5F983" box="[375,528,1591,1616]" class="Gastropoda" family="Limapontiidae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="europea">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC677E12BFDC5F983" box="[375,528,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Olea europea</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
,
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|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC51FE124FDA3F99C" box="[543,630,1592,1615]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Syringa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC51FE124FDA3F99C" box="[543,630,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Syringa</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
sp. (
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|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC5AEE12BFCCFF983" box="[686,794,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC42FE12BFC3DF983" box="[815,1000,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientalis">
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|
<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC42FE12BFC3DF983" box="[815,1000,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Malus orientalis</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC4F7E125FAE2F983" box="[1015,1335,1592,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
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|
<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC4F7E125FB66F983" box="[1015,1203,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Pyrus communis</emphasis>
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|
(Rosaceae)
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC23FE124FAA1F99C" box="[1343,1396,1592,1615]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC23FE124FAA1F99C" box="[1343,1396,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Acer</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E94759FFDFC79EE140FEE5F9A6" box="[158,304,1628,1653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (
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|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC64FE140FD9DF9A7" author="Modarres" box="[335,584,1628,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The biology and ecology of the species have been studied by Pedrosa-
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC797E163FE90F94B" author="Macedo" box="[151,325,1663,1688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Pedrosa-Macedo, J-H. (1979) Zur Bionomie, Okologie und Ethologie des Eschenborkenkafers, Leperisinus varius F. (Col., Scolytidae). Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 88, 188 - 204. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1979. tb 02495. x" type="journal article" year="1979">Macedo (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, Lozano and Campos (1996),
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC597E163FC20F94B" author="Loyning" box="[663,1013,1663,1688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Loyning, M. K. & Kirkendall, L. R. (1999) Notes on the mating system of Hylesinus varius (F.) (Col., Scolytidae), a putatively bigynous bark beetle. Journal of Applied Entomology, 123, 77 - 82. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1439 - 0418.1999.00325. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Løyning and Kirkendall (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and others.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14759FFDFC7C7E1B8FC04F933" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4759FFDFC7C7E1B8FC04F933" blockId="8.[151,1436,1231,1760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC7C7E1B8FE9AF96E" bold="true" box="[199,335,1700,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Comments.</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC655E1B9FDE4F96F" author="Lozano" box="[341,561,1700,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Lozano, C., Kidd, N. A. C. & Campos, M. (1993) Studies on the population dynamics of the bark beetle Leperisinus varius (Fabr.) (Col., Scolytidae) on European olive (Olea europea). Journal of Applied Entomology, 116, 118 - 126. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1993. tb 01177. x" type="journal article" year="1993">
|
|
Lozano
|
|
<emphasis id="D181F7784759FFDFC6B0E1B9FE35F96E" box="[432,480,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (1993
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC53CE1B8FDA0F96F" author="Lozano" box="[572,629,1700,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Lozano, C., Campos, M., Kidd, N. A. C. & Jervis, M. A. (1994) The role of parasitism and intraspecific competition in the population dynamics of the bark beetle, Leperisinus varius (Fabr.) (Col., Scolytidae) on European olives (Olea europea L.). Journal of Applied Entomology, 117, 182 - 189. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1994. tb 00723. x" type="journal article" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) have studied the population dynamics, and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4759FFDFC366E1B8FA49F96F" author="Campos" box="[1126,1436,1700,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Lozano, C., Campos, M., Kidd, N. A. C. & Jervis, M. A. (1994) The role of parasitism and intraspecific competition in the population dynamics of the bark beetle, Leperisinus varius (Fabr.) (Col., Scolytidae) on European olives (Olea europea L.). Journal of Applied Entomology, 117, 182 - 189. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1994. tb 00723. x" type="journal article" year="1994">Campos and Lozano (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
two of its hymenopteran parasitoids for possible use in biological control.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |