144 lines
15 KiB
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144 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="EA4D9026D5F64487677E73F3EAACDE40" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8770e7d9-65f4-4cee-a935-a5f365a95f32" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="258895" ID-ZooBank="00F1BDB5-AB25-47A0-B789-2E05D2E683DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460009663303" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Beaver, Roger A., Ghahari, Hassan & Sanguansub, Sunisa" docDate="2016" docId="6B5C9A7C4747FFC0C797E02EFE2DFEB7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4098.3.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4098 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Xyleborus monographus Fabricius 1792" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="423" masterDocId="9765E2044751FFD7C700E71CFFD5FFD3" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran" masterLastPageNumber="441" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="423" updateTime="1698233404894" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="E48CA04FA5CDA4B87566A06215C62A55" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="BB3684C04E4BD207FCA46F758AF8EB96">
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<mods:title id="F48DBF026C35EE6C54C7B6B51E93BC92">An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="DA1A00EAE90234F67039E4E112751417" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="110BB6B256DD7FD6DF8ED841BD214B93">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2D198ED9BF6C5873251D359F8361A7B7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="60DFB293B4B31D918F780DD1407F4FAB">Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="2FB029D736CD6E09665EAC07F04BA543" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="713DC9623E9B43A853818E041ED75B00">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C0035721267C9A7BCFDA360999F4BFAC">Ghahari, Hassan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="07623593D8AE4E87A9D749289FB5A668" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="42032618A4B3ED50DB41978EA4DEF74A">Sanguansub, Sunisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A834AA7CC5CB98A908220ADA7E8BE0B5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="98222302E280004E685828A8CBA96CFC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="973383FF46FA08BF6B4C2AFFB586F0A7">
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<mods:date id="E2839E9B76588C705D4F228A3A38614A">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="855552CED92EADAEC347BD0AC5BB6B54" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B3FA959BC8B8252875DD76E23F8EDC81">4098</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="5FCE5CE5A7B6E4D08DEA0C31CDC3EDC6" type="issue">
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<mods:identifier id="1516EE3B77417FF39EB990EF4AC7A40D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6B5C9A7C4747FFC0C797E02EFE2DFEB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669517" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119381220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5669517" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6B5C9A7C4747FFC0C797E02EFE2DFEB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B5C9A7C4747FFC0C797E02EFE2DFEB7" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14747FFC1C797E02EFD51F898" box="[151,644,1842,1867]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4747FFC1C797E02EFD51F898" blockId="22.[151,644,1842,1867]" box="[151,644,1842,1867]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<heading id="B8029C064747FFC1C797E02EFD51F898" bold="true" box="[151,644,1842,1867]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94747FFC1C797E02EFD51F898" ID-CoL="5CJ6F" authority="Fabricius, 1792" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1792" box="[151,644,1842,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monographus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784747FFC1C797E02EFD51F898" bold="true" box="[151,644,1842,1867]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784747FFC1C797E02EFE66F898" bold="true" box="[151,435,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Xyleborus monographus</emphasis>
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(Fabricius, 1792)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14747FFC0C797E067FE2DFEB7" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4747FFC1C797E067FADEF840" blockId="22.[151,1436,1914,2013]" box="[151,1291,1914,1940]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784747FFC1C797E067FE55F847" bold="true" box="[151,384,1915,1940]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Guilan province, Astara,
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<geoCoordinate id="86C14DAD4747FFC1C5A1E060FD2AF847" box="[673,767,1914,1940]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" precision="925" value="38.333332">38°20′N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="86C14DAD4747FFC1C406E060FCB1F847" box="[774,868,1914,1940]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" precision="925" value="48.766666">48°46′E</geoCoordinate>
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, (2),
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<date id="974B0DAA4747FFC1C49EE067FBCCF847" box="[926,1049,1915,1940]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="2010-06-19">19.vi.2010</date>
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. New record for
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4747FFC1C3D6E060FAD2F840" box="[1238,1287,1916,1939]" name="Iran" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Iran</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4747FFC0C7C7E0BCFE2DFEB7" blockId="22.[151,1436,1914,2013]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784747FFC1C7C7E0BCFE16F86A" bold="true" box="[199,451,1952,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">General distribution.</emphasis>
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Europe, North Africa,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4747FFC1C5C6E0BDFD23F86B" box="[710,758,1953,1976]" name="Iraq" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4747FFC1C401E0BCFC86F86A" box="[769,851,1952,1977]" name="Turkey" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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. The record from
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4747FFC1C31CE0BCFB7DF86B" box="[1052,1192,1952,1977]" name="South Korea" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">South Korea</collectingCountry>
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needs confirmation.
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<emphasis id="D181F7784747FFC1C7C7E0D8FEF2F80E" bold="true" box="[199,295,1988,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Biology.</emphasis>
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The species breeds primarily in trees of the family
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94747FFC1C46CE0D9FC01F80E" box="[876,980,1989,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="D181F7784747FFC1C4E4E0D9FADAF80F" box="[996,1295,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94747FFC1C4E4E0D9FB84F80F" box="[996,1105,1989,2012]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Castanea</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94747FFC1C35DE0D9FB73F80F" box="[1117,1190,1989,2012]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Fagus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94747FFC1C3B1E0D9FADAF80F" box="[1201,1295,1989,2012]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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), but also in
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94746FFC0C797E784FEA7FF63" box="[151,370,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784746FFC0C797E784FF19FF7C" box="[151,204,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Acer</emphasis>
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(Sapindaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94746FFC0C6A9E78BFDA9FF63" box="[425,636,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784746FFC0C6A9E78BFE27FF63" box="[425,498,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Ulmus</emphasis>
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(Ulmaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4746FFC0C58BE78BFCC5FF63" author="Stark" box="[651,784,151,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" refString="Stark, V. N. (1952) Fauna of the USSR, Coleoptera 31, Bark Beetles. Akademia Nauk, Moscow, 463 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1952">Stark, 1952</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4746FFC0C41CE78BFC42FF63" author="Palm" box="[796,919,151,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" refString="Palm, T. (1959) Die Holz- und Rinden-Kafer der sud- und mittelschwedischen Laubbaume. Opuscula Entomologica, Supplementum, 16, 1 - 374." type="journal article" year="1959">Palm 1959</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4746FFC0C4A3E78BFBE6FF63" author="Schedl" box="[931,1075,151,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" refString="Schedl, W. (1964) Biologie des gehockerten Eichenholzbohrers, Xyleborus monographus Fab. (Scolytidae, Coleoptera). Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 53, 411 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1963. tb 02902. x" type="journal article" year="1964">Schedl 1964</bibRefCitation>
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). The biology of the species has been studied in detail by
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4746FFC0C6C4E7A0FDB2FF06" author="Schedl" box="[452,615,188,213]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" refString="Schedl, W. (1964) Biologie des gehockerten Eichenholzbohrers, Xyleborus monographus Fab. (Scolytidae, Coleoptera). Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 53, 411 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1963. tb 02902. x" type="journal article" year="1964">Schedl (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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, including information on the immature stages, mycangia, and natural enemies.
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4746FFC0C600E7C3FDBBFF2B" author="Markalas" box="[256,622,223,248]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" refString="Markalas, S. & Kalapanida, M. (1997) Flight pattern of some Scolytidae attracted to flight barrier traps baited with ethanol in an oak forest in Greece. Anzeiger fur Schadlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz, 70, 55 - 57. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01996922" type="journal article" year="1997">Markalas and Kalapanida (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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describe the seasonal flight pattern. The predominant ambrosia fungus is the same as that of
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94746FFC0C66CE618FDE9FECE" box="[364,572,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Platypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindrus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784746FFC0C66CE618FDE9FECE" box="[364,572,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Platypus cylindrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94746FFC0C572E618FBA1FECF" authority="Gebhardt et al.2004" authorityName="Gebhardt et al." authorityYear="2004" box="[626,1140,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryographus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784746FFC0C572E618FCACFECE" box="[626,889,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Xyleborus dryographus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4746FFC0C487E618FBB9FECF" author="Gebhardt" box="[903,1132,260,285]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" refString="Gebhardt, H., Begerow, D. & Oberwinkler, F. (2004) Identification of the ambrosia fungus of Xyleborus monographus and X. dryographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae). Mycological Progress, 3, 95 - 102. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11557 - 006 - 0080 - 1" type="journal article" year="2004">
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Gebhardt
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<emphasis id="D181F7784746FFC0C4F7E619FBFAFECE" box="[1015,1071,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">et al.</emphasis>
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2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Like many xyleborines, it is attracted to alcohol (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4746FFC0C698E63BFDB7FE93" author="Galko" box="[408,610,295,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" refString="Galko, J., Nikolov, C., Kimoto, T., Kunca, A., Gubka, A., Vakula, J., Zubrik, M. & Ostrihon, M. (2014) Attraction of ambrosia beetles to ethanol baited traps in a Slovakian oak forest. Biologia, 69, 1376 - 1383. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / s 11756 - 014 - 0443 - z" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Galko
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<emphasis id="D181F7784746FFC0C6E5E635FDCBFE93" box="[485,542,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">et al.</emphasis>
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2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The species can become a pest of cork oak (
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94746FFC0C367E634FADEFE93" box="[1127,1291,295,320]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suber">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784746FFC0C367E634FADEFE93" box="[1127,1291,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Quercus suber</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) after fire or other damage stresses the trees.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |