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<mods:title id="C2D3AF7B272FCF30E37F460877B170D1">Pilumnidae Samouelle, 1819 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Pilumnidae) of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, with a note on their phylogeny</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A1A5A6B1C54A97F514160CA3C9C61C3">School of Biology and Centre of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. rnaderloo @ ut. ac. ir</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03B20044FFC59828FF41ED25EFB1ED59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836494" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209508874" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7836494" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B20044FFC59828FF41ED25EFB1ED59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B20044FFC59828FF41ED25EFB1ED59" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<subSubSection id="C301E2D9FFC5982AFF41ED25EEBDE866" box="[151,648,1032,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC5982AFF41ED25EEBDE866" blockId="4.[151,648,1032,1095]" box="[151,648,1032,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC5982AFF41ED25EEBDE866" ID-CoL="3G4C8" ID-ENA="2795082" authority="(Dana, 1852)" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[151,648,1032,1059]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levimanus">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC5982AFF41ED25EEBDE866" bold="true" box="[151,648,1032,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC5982AFF41ED25EDD4E867" bold="true" box="[151,481,1032,1059]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Glabropilumnus levimanus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC5982AFE27ED25EEB5E866" author="Dana, J. D." box="[497,640,1032,1058]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" pagination="73 - 86" refId="ref10789" refString="Dana, J. D. (1852) Conspectus crustaceorum, &amp; c. Conspectus of the Crustacea of the exploring expedition under Capt. Wilkes, U. S. N., including the Crustacea Cancroidea Corystoidea. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, 6, 73 - 86." type="journal article" year="1852">Dana, 1852</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C301E2D9FFC5982AFF41ED00ECD9E803" box="[151,236,1069,1095]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" type="description">
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(
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFF49ED00ECD6E803" box="[159,227,1069,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C301E2D9FFC5982AFF41ED5CE9A8E940" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA9743FFC5982AFF41ED5CEE2BE8CD" author="Dana, J. D." box="[151,542,1137,1161]" page="237" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" year="1852">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC5982AFF41ED5CEE2BE8CD" ID-CoL="7Y7TP" authority="Dana, 1852: 237" authorityName="Dana" authorityPageNumber="237" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,542,1137,1161]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Pilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levimanus">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC5982AFF41ED5CED53E8CD" box="[151,358,1137,1161]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Pilumnus levimanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC5982AFEB9ED5FEE2BE8CD" author="Dana, J. D." box="[367,542,1137,1161]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" pagination="73 - 86" refId="ref10789" refString="Dana, J. D. (1852) Conspectus crustaceorum, &amp; c. Conspectus of the Crustacea of the exploring expedition under Capt. Wilkes, U. S. N., including the Crustacea Cancroidea Corystoidea. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, 6, 73 - 86." type="journal article" year="1852">Dana, 1852: 237</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC5982AFDFCED5CEE55E8CD" author="Dana, J. D." box="[554,608,1137,1161]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" pagination="1842" refId="ref10846" refString="Dana, J. D. (1855) Crustacea. In: United States exploring expedition during the years 1838 to 1842, under the command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N. C. Sherman, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. [unknown pagination]" type="book chapter" year="1855">1855</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 13, fig. 11a.—A.
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA9743FFC5982AFC91ED5CE862E8CD" author="Milne-Edwards, A." box="[839,1111,1137,1161]" page="250" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" year="1873">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC5982AFC91ED5CE862E8CD" author="Milne-Edwards, A." box="[839,1111,1137,1161]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" pagination="155 - 332" refId="ref12922" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1873) Recherches sur la faune carcinologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, II. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 9, 155 - 332. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10410" type="journal article" year="1873">Milne-Edwards 1873: 250</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 10, fig. 4.—
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA9743FFC5982AFAD2ED5CECD9E8EC" author="De Man, J." page="301" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC5982AFAD2ED5CECD9E8EC" author="De Man, J." pageId="4" pageNumber="260" pagination="241 - 305" refId="ref11588" refString="De Man, J. (1888) Report on the podophthalmous Crustacea of the Mergui Archipelago, collected for the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, by Dr. John Anderson, FRS, Superintendent of the Museum. - Part V. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 22, 241 - 305. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1888. tb 00032. x" type="journal article" year="1888">De Man 1888: 301</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA9743FFC5982AFEDDEDBDED99E8EC" author="Lenz, H." box="[267,428,1168,1192]" page="356" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" year="1905">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC5982AFEDDEDBDED99E8EC" author="Lenz, H." box="[267,428,1168,1192]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" pagination="341 - 392" refId="ref12732" refString="Lenz, H. (1905) Ostafrikanische Dekapoden und Stomatopoden Gesammelt von Herrn Prof. Dr. A. Voeltzkow. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 27, 341 - 392, pls. 47 - 48." type="journal article" year="1905">Lenz 1905: 356</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—Nobili 1906: 279.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC5982AFF41ED82EEF5E882" blockId="4.[151,1437,1137,1284]" box="[151,704,1198,1223]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B967CFFC5982AFF41ED82EEF5E882" box="[151,704,1198,1223]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA9743FFC5982AFF41ED82EE01E883" author="De Man, J." box="[151,564,1199,1223]" page="302" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" year="1888">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC5982AFF41ED82EE01E883" ID-CoL="4HVSY" authority="De Man, 1888: 302" authorityName="De Man" authorityPageNumber="302" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,564,1199,1223]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Pilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edamensis">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC5982AFF41ED82ED52E883" box="[151,359,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Pilumnus edamensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC5982AFEBBED82EE01E883" author="De Man, J." box="[365,564,1199,1223]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" pagination="241 - 305" refId="ref11588" refString="De Man, J. (1888) Report on the podophthalmous Crustacea of the Mergui Archipelago, collected for the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, by Dr. John Anderson, FRS, Superintendent of the Museum. - Part V. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 22, 241 - 305. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1888. tb 00032. x" type="journal article" year="1888">De Man, 1888: 302</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 11, fig. 5.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC5982AFF41EDE0EF73E8A1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1137,1284]" box="[151,838,1229,1253]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC5982AFF41EDE0EDFCE8A1" box="[151,457,1229,1253]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC5982AFF41EDE0ED99E8A1" ID-CoL="3G4C3" baseAuthorityName="de Man, 1888 in [de Man, 1887-" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[151,428,1229,1253]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edamensis">Glabropilumnus edamensis</taxonomicName>
.—
</emphasis>
Balss 1932: 516 (list); 1933: 39 (list).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC5982AFF41EDC1E9A8E940" blockId="4.[151,1437,1137,1284]" box="[151,1437,1260,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B967CFFC5982AFF41EDC1E9A8E940" box="[151,1437,1260,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC5982AFF41EDC1EDE5E940" box="[151,464,1260,1284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC5982AFF41EDC1ED81E940" ID-CoL="8NFM7" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[151,436,1260,1284]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevimanus">Glabropilumnus laevimanus</taxonomicName>
.—
</emphasis>
Balss 1938: 61.—Guinot 1962a: 273 (list); 1962b: 2, fig. 1.—
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA9743FFC5982AFBF8EDC1E91DE940" author="Galil, B. &amp; Takeda, M." box="[1070,1320,1260,1284]" page="74" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC5982AFBF8EDC1E91DE940" author="Galil, B. &amp; Takeda, M." box="[1070,1320,1260,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" pagination="67 - 90" refId="ref12035" refString="Galil, B. &amp; Takeda, M. (1988) A revision of the genus Glabropilumnus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Series A (Zoology), 14 (2), 67 - 90." type="journal article" year="1988">Galil &amp; Takeda 1988: 74</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 3C, 4.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C301E2D9FFC5982AFF41EC1FEE80E9FC" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC5982AFF41EC1FED4AE908" bold="true" box="[151,383,1330,1356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Material examined.</emphasis>
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, CL
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, CW
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D1D7ADBFFC5982AFCDAEC1FEF5AE908" box="[780,879,1330,1356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, CL
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, CW
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(
<specimenCode id="DBBD1929FFC5982AFB66EC1FE908E909" box="[1200,1341,1330,1357]" collectionCode="ZUTC" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">ZUTC 5768</specimenCode>
),
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,
<collectorName id="26EED484FFC5982AFF0FEC7BED59E935" box="[217,364,1366,1393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Abu-Musa I.</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC02B28FFC5982AFEACEC7BEE39E934" box="[378,524,1366,1392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Persian Gulf</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2FD795FFC5982AFD51EC75EED1E937" box="[647,740,1368,1395]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" precision="925" value="55.016666">55°01E</geoCoordinate>
, rocky/coral, coll.
<collectorName id="26EED484FFC5982AFC6DEC7AE807E934" box="[955,1074,1366,1393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">H. Ashrafi</collectorName>
and
<collectionCode id="ED0A2997FFC5982AFBBAEC7AE8B7E935" box="[1132,1154,1367,1393]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26EED484FFC5982AFB5BEC7BE935E934" box="[1165,1280,1366,1392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Abdollahi</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFA59792FFC5982AFADBEC7BE9B4E934" box="[1293,1409,1366,1392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" value="2019-06-04">
<collectingDate id="EFE16E7AFFC5982AFADBEC7BE9B4E934" box="[1293,1409,1366,1392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" value="2019-06-04">4.06.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B73BB0FFFC5982AFA58EC7BEE84E9FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4079335312" collectingDate="2019-10-03" collectionCode="ZUTC" collectorName="M. Qorbani" country="Oman" county="Gulf" latitude="25.716667" location="Tang" longLatPrecision="1245" longitude="61.016666" municipality="Sistan-Baluchestan" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" specimenCode="ZUTC 5769" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D1D7ADBFFC5982AFA58EC7BECE5E9D0" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, CL
<quantity id="4CE31CB7FFC5982AFED2EC57ED5CE9D1" box="[260,361,1402,1429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.30 mm</quantity>
, CW
<quantity id="4CE31CB7FFC5982AFE71EC57EE3FE9D1" box="[423,522,1402,1429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.23" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="7.23">7.23 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBD1929FFC5982AFDC1EC57EE90E9D1" box="[535,677,1402,1429]" collectionCode="ZUTC" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">ZUTC 5769</specimenCode>
),
<location id="8EC4E789FFC5982AFD61EC56EEC4E9D1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B20044FFC59828FF41ED25EFB1ED59:8EC4E789FFC5982AFD61EC56EEC4E9D1" box="[695,753,1403,1429]" country="Oman" county="Gulf" latitude="25.716667" longLatPrecision="1245" longitude="61.016666" municipality="Sistan-Baluchestan" name="Tang" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Tang</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC02B28FFC5982AFD2AEC57EFE3E9D0" box="[764,982,1402,1428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Sistan-Baluchestan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62C5C9DEFFC5982AFC36EC57E826E9D0" box="[992,1043,1402,1428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Gulf</collectingCounty>
of
<collectingCountry id="F30CF1C2FFC5982AFBE1EC57E84BE9D0" box="[1079,1150,1402,1428]" name="Oman" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Oman</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2FD795FFC5982AFB5EEC51E8DDE9D3" box="[1160,1256,1404,1431]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" precision="925" value="25.716667">25°43N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2FD795FFC5982AFB25EC51E965E9D3" box="[1267,1360,1404,1431]" degrees="61" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" precision="925" value="61.016666">61°01E</geoCoordinate>
, sandy bed with boulders, coll.
<collectorName id="26EED484FFC5982AFE70ECB2EE1CE9FC" box="[422,553,1438,1465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">M. Qorbani</collectorName>
<date id="FFA59792FFC5982AFDF9ECB3EE84E9FC" box="[559,689,1438,1464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" value="2019-10-03">
<collectingDate id="EFE16E7AFFC5982AFDF9ECB3EE84E9FC" box="[559,689,1438,1464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" value="2019-10-03">10.03.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C301E2D9FFC5982AFF11ECEFEF81EB90" pageId="4" pageNumber="260" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC5982AFF11ECEFEF81EB90" blockId="4.[151,1437,1330,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC5982AFF11ECEFED77E998" bold="true" box="[199,322,1474,1500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Carapace wider than long, transversely oval (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFCEFECEFEFBEE998" box="[825,907,1474,1500]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig 2A</figureCitation>
); dorsal surface smooth; transverse row of setae on hepatic region, additional setae on epibranchial regions; front bilobed, frontal lobes distinctly granulate, row of simple and plumose setae across of front; supraorbital margin distinctly granulate Anterolateral margins with three spinose teeth, nearly in equal size (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFDCAEF03EE43EA0C" box="[540,630,1582,1608]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
); margin between postorbital angle and anterior tooth granulate, dipping imperceptibly to superior orbital angle. Anterior margin of first maxilliped endopod concave. Third maxillipeds completely covering buccal cavern when closed; exopod stout, inner margin moderately denticulate. Both adult male and female chelipeds unequal (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFD94EFB7EEA8EAF0" box="[578,669,1690,1716]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
); ischium short, anterior margin bearing four denticles, distalmost largest; inner surface of merus smooth, anterior margin with three teeth, dorsal margin serrate (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFB34EF93E909EA9C" box="[1250,1340,1726,1752]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
); carpus with outer surface coated by stiff and some plumose setae (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFCF1EFCFEF4EEAB8" box="[807,891,1762,1788]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
), anterior margin granular with one clear spinose tooth, row of granules, acute and minute spines on dorsal to outer (lateral) surface (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFB90EE2BE8A8EB64" box="[1094,1181,1798,1824]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Manus of right chela smooth, glabrous (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFEBFEE07ED8AEB00" box="[361,447,1834,1860]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). External surface of manus of left chela entirely densely setose, tuberculate, with short plumose setae; dactylus curved, with distinct teeth on occlusal margin (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFC0DEE63E801EB2C" box="[987,1076,1870,1896]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Ambulatory legs (P25) with ischium smooth, with few long setae; merus longest, nearly completely covered by setae; carpus and propodus with dense long and short setae, dactylus almost slender with setae (
<figureCitation id="1320ADD7FFC5982AFC8DEEBBEF83EBF4" box="[859,950,1942,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" captionTargetId="figure-28@5.[164,1423,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Glabropilumnus levimanus, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="260">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
). Thoracic sternites smooth; sternites 3 and 4 completely fused. Pleon with 6 somites and telson freely articulating.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF64E1DAFFC4982BFF41EFB9EF0BEAB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7836502" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7836502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7836502/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" startId="5.[151,250,1684,1708]" targetBox="[189,1412,192,1651]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC4982BFF41EFB9EF0BEAB0" blockId="5.[151,1436,1684,1780]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFF41EFB9ED26EAE8" bold="true" box="[151,275,1684,1708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC4982BFECFEFB9EE1EEAE8" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[281,555,1684,1708]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levimanus">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFECFEFB9EE1EEAE8" box="[281,555,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Glabropilumnus levimanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male CL 4.30 mm, CW 7.23 mm (ZUTC 5769). (A) carapace; (B) abdomen; (C) palm of right cheliped (outer face); (D) palm of left cheliped (outer face); (E) merus of right cheliped (outer face); (F) Carpus of left cheliped (inner face); (G) fourth walking leg; (H) third maxillipeds
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C301E2D9FFC4982BFF11EE0FEEDDEB24" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC4982BFF11EE0FEEDDEB24" blockId="5.[151,1437,1826,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFF11EE0FED54EB78" bold="true" box="[199,353,1826,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Distribution.</emphasis>
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf, Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F30CF1C2FFC4982BFCE2EE0FEF4EEB78" box="[820,891,1826,1852]" name="Oman" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Oman</collectingCountry>
, Red Sea,
<collectingCountry id="F30CF1C2FFC4982BFC24EE0FE853EB78" box="[1010,1126,1826,1852]" name="Singapore" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Singapore</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30CF1C2FFC4982BFBA4EE0FE892EB78" box="[1138,1191,1826,1852]" name="Serbia" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Mali</collectingCountry>
Peninsula,
<collectingCountry id="F30CF1C2FFC4982BFAFFEE0FE956EB78" box="[1321,1379,1826,1852]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Siam</collectingCountry>
Bay, South
<collectingCountry id="F30CF1C2FFC4982BFF36EE6BED16EB24" box="[224,291,1862,1888]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">China</collectingCountry>
Sea,
<collectingCountry id="F30CF1C2FFC4982BFEB6EE6AEDD3EB25" box="[352,486,1863,1889]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
, Pulo,
<collectingCountry id="F30CF1C2FFC4982BFDE5EE6AEED1EB24" box="[563,740,1862,1889]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C301E2D9FFC49828FF11EE47EFB1ED59" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC4982BFF11EE47EF92EBB4" blockId="5.[151,1437,1826,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFF11EE47ED0EEBC0" bold="true" box="[199,315,1898,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC4982BFE95EE47EE41EBC0" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[323,628,1898,1924]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levimanus">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFE95EE47EE41EBC0" box="[323,628,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Glabropilumnus levimanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC4982BFC91EE46E832EBC1" author="Dana, J. D." box="[839,1031,1898,1925]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" pagination="73 - 86" refId="ref10789" refString="Dana, J. D. (1852) Conspectus crustaceorum, &amp; c. Conspectus of the Crustacea of the exploring expedition under Capt. Wilkes, U. S. N., including the Crustacea Cancroidea Corystoidea. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, 6, 73 - 86." type="journal article" year="1852">Dana (1852:237)</bibRefCitation>
and A.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC4982BFBB7EE47E9A8EBC1" author="Milne-Edwards, A." box="[1121,1437,1898,1925]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" pagination="155 - 332" refId="ref12922" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1873) Recherches sur la faune carcinologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, II. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 9, 155 - 332. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10410" type="journal article" year="1873">Milne-Edwards (1873: 250)</bibRefCitation>
added further diagnostic characteristics, such as the anterolateral carapace margins being granulated and presence of rounded granules on the upper surface of larger chela.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC4982BFCD6EE9FEFCAEB88" author="Galil, B. &amp; Takeda, M." box="[768,1023,1970,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" pagination="67 - 90" refId="ref12035" refString="Galil, B. &amp; Takeda, M. (1988) A revision of the genus Glabropilumnus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Series A (Zoology), 14 (2), 67 - 90." type="journal article" year="1988">Galil &amp; Takeda (1988)</bibRefCitation>
revised and improved the taxonomy of
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC4982BFF60EEFBED58EBB4" authorityName="Balss" authorityYear="1932" box="[182,365,2006,2032]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFF60EEFBED58EBB4" box="[182,365,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Glabropilumnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and synonymized
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC4982BFDE9EEFBEEE6EBB4" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[575,723,2006,2033]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levimanus">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFDE9EEFBEE66EBB4" box="[575,595,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFDB7EEFBEEE6EBB4" box="[609,723,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">levimanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC4982BFCDFEEFBEF92EBB4" box="[777,935,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC4982BFCDFEEFBEF96EBB4" baseAuthorityName="de Man, 1888 in [de Man, 1887-" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[777,931,2006,2032]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edamensis">G. edamensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4B152FFC79828FF11E9BAEFB1ED59" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="262">
Our specimens correspond to
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC79828FDDAE9BAEEABECF5" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[524,670,151,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levimanus">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC79828FDDAE9BAEEABECF5" box="[524,670,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="262">G. levimanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, according to
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC79828FCE0E9BAEFF4ECF5" author="Dana, J. D." box="[822,961,150,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="262" pagination="73 - 86" refId="ref10789" refString="Dana, J. D. (1852) Conspectus crustaceorum, &amp; c. Conspectus of the Crustacea of the exploring expedition under Capt. Wilkes, U. S. N., including the Crustacea Cancroidea Corystoidea. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, 6, 73 - 86." type="journal article" year="1852">Dana (1852)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF8ACCA3FFC79828FC24E9BAE8D9ECF5" author="Galil, B. &amp; Takeda, M." box="[1010,1260,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="262" pagination="67 - 90" refId="ref12035" refString="Galil, B. &amp; Takeda, M. (1988) A revision of the genus Glabropilumnus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Series A (Zoology), 14 (2), 67 - 90." type="journal article" year="1988">Galil &amp; Takeda (1988)</bibRefCitation>
. For elucidating the identity of the species, we provide more detailed drawings of the carapace, chela, and frontal region. Regarding the chela granulations, characteristics of anterolateral margins of carapace and presence of setal row on hepatic region, the present specimens completely agree with
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCAD1FFC79828FD3FE82EEF48ED59" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[745,893,259,285]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pilumnidae" genus="Glabropilumnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levimanus">
<emphasis id="B96F6D40FFC79828FD3FE82EEF48ED59" box="[745,893,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="262">G. levimanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>