treatments-xml/data/03/C1/23/03C12302A809782DFF2A0A7B64A0FA6C.xml

<document id="91181DC0A9B8FCFCFA2A437EC1D9EF41" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4044.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9c4bd20e-bb8e-4a5c-87eb-db52ff4d119b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="290014" ID-ZooBank="65673625-C3C9-439F-8549-C56BEDBC9D1A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461338006942" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martinez, Christopher M., Arroyave, Jairo &amp; Sparks, John S." docDate="2015" docId="03C12302A809782DFF2A0A7B64A0FA6C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04044p092.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4044 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ptychochromis mainty Martinez, Arroyave &amp; Sparks, 2015, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="B10BD0A0-7F19-4AE2-8B85-E8987FA4A923" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="FFF85B7AA80B7825FFBD0E686755FFB3" masterDocTitle="A new species of Ptychochromis from southeastern Madagascar (Teleostei: Cichlidae)" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1698619691774" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="861DA3CE1ECBC22BEB0EC872C2AAFE08" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="ACCE7C1406EC217A147A66DCF2B77AAC">
<mods:title id="3794753272489A4B97CA51A2276CFAB4">A new species of Ptychochromis from southeastern Madagascar (Teleostei: Cichlidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0A7A538F022EDA7D9C8CF035AAE8D5DB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9832C449A14BF243AD46E0BB000A0BDB">
<mods:roleTerm id="3633F7081797A06F511F0765A5451099">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E35726C2BC7FA133EA8613308662D5E8">Martinez, Christopher M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BFAE7BF29EEF75861A04E686F6797A0C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DF61DCC3F844EDA0C3DEE09C1CC4DAB9">
<mods:roleTerm id="B5DB722EA45DDD3C5E411A6DB831EC38">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="11A1E315A641C4965D0B48B2FEAE1CE6">Arroyave, Jairo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="847688CF761CE551676D1A4726AC3D47" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1ECB2ABAF2852EC2830698C9DA5C5D49">
<mods:roleTerm id="988D20BD5449A946873047616D8BCF90">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5CD216DC713E8C9AFA897A1730300BC9">Sparks, John S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="70F80E39EFC6F969F40DA60EA109796C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="DB3AA22BCA0B6280B844398A94E7446D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="FFC80A4BA52E0E59924CE0B1A0773DC1">
<mods:title id="66E4CC970DD5BDF0D7CCFA4733AA71AF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="81A6950FA0E272171E2265F4DF188E5D">
<mods:date id="4E46327084457CB2663CC3C92CEC6D14">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="302B49EA592387986C0DB31250461112" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EB19EDF2FDCEFF0855859CAAAF1D370A">4044</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="7429E69F0B4759D8B4641B59F3F9208F" type="issue">
<mods:number id="36812424F7460DE92D7B230BE6389F0A">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="7CE6864D28FD9B751F139DC0C0928209" unit="page">
<mods:start id="ECA0DE2D1C18FE3E4F9053A41F1B74F8">79</mods:start>
<mods:end id="6150D14BE2A8FFCC049899A7E704089B">92</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="04A41001F4045A1FE2437075BBBC1CD0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="301E22EB3BCA569C992973BFAE521F77" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4044.1.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8243ED7AC97E9915B946381DD5299D8E" type="GBIF-Dataset">9c4bd20e-bb8e-4a5c-87eb-db52ff4d119b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="93F0E626568A1329F7147C0E635A73CF" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E5B3EECA1591B067CF53DED2A8658465" type="Zenodo-Dep">290014</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F057AA1FE34827EABD52A61F19FB378D" type="ZooBank">65673625-C3C9-439F-8549-C56BEDBC9D1A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C12302A809782DFF2A0A7B64A0FA6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5697430" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127694275" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5697430" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B10BD0A0-7F19-4AE2-8B85-E8987FA4A923" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C12302A809782DFF2A0A7B64A0FA6C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<subSubSection id="C372C19FA8097827FF2A0A7B66E7FBFC" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8097827FF2A0A7B6516FB9D" blockId="2.[151,579,1043,1103]" box="[151,579,1043,1070]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<heading id="D09F2578A8097827FF2A0A7B6516FB9D" bold="true" box="[151,579,1043,1070]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FF2A0A7B6516FB9D" bold="true" box="[151,579,1043,1070]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FF2A0A7B66F1FB9E" ID-CoL="4Q9Z4" box="[151,420,1043,1069]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FF2A0A7B66F1FB9E" bold="true" box="[151,420,1043,1069]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22FF37DA8097827FE0E0A7C6516FB9D" box="[435,579,1044,1070]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8097827FF2A0A5E66E7FBFC" blockId="2.[151,579,1043,1103]" box="[151,434,1078,1103]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<figureCitation id="13538E91A8097827FF2A0A5E6678FBFC" box="[151,301,1078,1103]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStart-5="FIGURE 7" captionStart-6="FIGURE 8" captionStart-7="FIGURE 9" captionStart-8="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1955,1977]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,823,845]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,962,984]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionStartId-4="7.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionStartId-5="8.[151,250,991,1013]" captionStartId-6="9.[151,250,1444,1466]" captionStartId-7="10.[151,250,992,1014]" captionStartId-8="11.[151,250,1552,1574]" captionTargetBox-0="[365,1220,709,1906]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1387,271,708]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,535,922]" captionTargetBox-3="[213,1364,933,1734]" captionTargetBox-4="[221,1363,558,1345]" captionTargetBox-5="[368,1231,237,957]" captionTargetBox-6="[285,1309,442,1398]" captionTargetBox-7="[335,1253,265,976]" captionTargetBox-8="[210,1372,205,1512]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[349,1238,697,1933]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1436,195,801]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[151,1435,535,922]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[209,1377,926,1755]" captionTargetId-4="figure@7.[151,1435,515,1386]" captionTargetId-5="figure@8.[337,1250,193,969]" captionTargetId-6="figure@9.[270,1316,437,1405]" captionTargetId-7="figure@10.[326,1260,257,983]" captionTargetId-8="figure@11.[199,1387,193,1531]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionTargetPageId-5="8" captionTargetPageId-6="9" captionTargetPageId-7="10" captionTargetPageId-8="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Map of Madagascar, showing known geographic ranges of Ptychochromis species." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Ptychochromis mainty, AMNH 238825, holotype, 140.4 mm SL (scale bar = 1 cm). Photo taken on right side due to specimen bending." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Ventral view of upper pharyngeal jaw (UPJ) in (A) Ptychochromis mainty (AMNH 241979, paratype) and (B) Ptychochromis grandidieri (AMNH 88018). Jaw elements pictured are the pharyngobranchial toothplates (Pb 2 &amp; Pb 3), the second epibranchial toothplate (Ep 2 - tp) and the fourth upper toothplate (Up 4 - tp)." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Variation in supraneural morphology for (A) Ptychochromis ernestmagnusi (AMNH 249489, paratype), (B) Ptychochromis grandidieri (UMMZ 237312), (C) Ptychochromis mainty (AMNH 238825, holotype) and (D) Ptychochromis mainty (AMNH 241979, paratype)." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Ptychochromis mainty. Live specimen collected from the Fort Dauphin region of Madagascar and photographed by Alex Saunders." captionText-5="FIGURE 7. Radiograph of Ptychochromis mainty, AMNH 241978, paratype, showing gastropod shells in the gut. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-6="FIGURE 8. Maximum likelihood phylogeny for all available species of Ptychochromis, including P. mainty, new species. Bootstrap support values are shown at the nodes." captionText-7="FIGURE 9. Body depth / SL for Ptychochromis species, with error bars showing standard error. Individuals included in analysis were of a similar size range to the new species, with no small juveniles." captionText-8="FIGURE 10. (A) Principle components (PC) 1 and 2, displaying variation in body shape for east coast Ptychochromis species. Visualization of shape variation is provided as warped grids of (B) the largest and (C) the smallest PC 1 values relative to mean shape. The largest PC 1 values are set by the shallow-bodied P. mainty and the smallest by the deep-bodied P. curvidens. Fixed landmarks are shown in gray and sliding semilandmarks are in black." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/290015/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/290016/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/290017/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/290018/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/290019/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/290020/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/290021/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/290022/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/290023/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Figures 1–10</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6EAA7AFA8097827FE840A5E66E7FBFC" box="[313,434,1078,1103]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[151,235,332,354]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,235,261,283]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1410,394,850]" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Morphological and meristic data for Ptychochromis mainty, new species. Linear measurements (mm) are provided as percent of standard length (SL) or percent of head length (HL), unless noted differently. Values in parentheses indicate number of specimens examined. Holotype counts denoted by the letter H." captionText-1="TABLE 2. GenBank accession numbers and voucher numbers for specimens used in molecular phylogenetic analysis." httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF17C29CA80D7823FF2A0F6D6210FEA8" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" tableUuid-1="DF17C29CA80D7823FF2A0F6D6210FEA8">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372C19FA8097827FF2A0A1663CBFA94" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8097827FF2A0A166600FB08" blockId="2.[151,1436,1150,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FF2A0A16665EFB24" bold="true" box="[151,267,1150,1175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A8097827FF2A0A166653FB24" box="[151,262,1150,1175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED790AD1A8097827FEA90A17663CFB24" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[276,361,1151,1175]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">AMNH</collectionCode>
<quantity id="4C903FF1A8097827FECE0A166519FB25" box="[371,588,1150,1175]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.388251404" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="2.388251404E8">238825, 140.4 mm</quantity>
SL, Fort Dauphin region, Taolagnaro, 
<collectingCountry id="F37FD284A8097827FBB20A1663CDFB24" box="[1039,1176,1150,1175]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, coll. P.V. Loiselle, 
<date id="FFD6B4D4A8097827FA3D0A176604FB08" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" value="2006-09-13">13 September 2006</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8097827FF7A0AAE63CBFA94" blockId="2.[151,1436,1150,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FF7A0AAE6613FB6C" bold="true" box="[199,326,1222,1247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A8097827FF7A0AAE6614FB6C" box="[199,321,1222,1247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED790AD1A8097827FEF30AAF66F6FB6C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[334,419,1223,1247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">AMNH</collectionCode>
265944, 1 ex., 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A8097827FDEB0AAF659CFB6D" box="[598,713,1223,1247]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.488" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="148.8">148.8 mm</quantity>
SL, data as for 
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A8097827FC3D0AAE64B3FB6C" box="[896,998,1222,1247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED790AD1A8097827FC4C0AAF6313FB6C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[1009,1094,1223,1247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">AMNH</collectionCode>
241978, 1 ex., 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A8097827FB470AAF6238FB6D" box="[1274,1389,1223,1247]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.013" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="101.3">101.3 mm</quantity>
SL, Fort Dauphin region, Taolagnaro, 
<collectingCountry id="F37FD284A8097827FDA40A8265F7FAB0" box="[537,674,1258,1283]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, coll. A. Saunders 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FCC50A8364FFFAB0" box="[888,938,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">et al</emphasis>
., 2007. 
<collectionCode id="ED790AD1A8097827FBBA0A836308FAB0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[1031,1117,1259,1283]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">AMNH</collectionCode>
241979, 1 ex., partial C&amp;S, 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A8097827FF2A0B66665CFA95" box="[151,265,1294,1319]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.005" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="100.5">100.5 mm</quantity>
SL, Fort Dauphin region, Taolagnaro, 
<collectingCountry id="F37FD284A8097827FD010B666410FA94" box="[700,837,1294,1319]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, coll. A. Saunders 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FBA50B67631CFA95" box="[1048,1097,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">et al</emphasis>
., 2007.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372C19FA8097827FF7A0B5A6456F900" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8097827FF7A0B5A6456F900" blockId="2.[151,1436,1150,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FF7A0B5A6614FAF8" bold="true" box="[199,321,1330,1355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FED70B5B6544FAF8" box="[362,529,1331,1355]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FED70B5B6544FAF8" box="[362,529,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Ptychochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with palatine morphology typical of species on Madagascar’s east coast (i.e., “eastern-type palatine” of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9EFE5A8097827FE010B3E6587FADC" author="Stiassny" box="[444,722,1366,1391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" refString="Stiassny, M. L. J. &amp; Sparks, J. S. (2006) Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the endemic Malagasy genus Ptychochromis (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with the description of five new species and a diagnosis for Katria, new genus. American Museum Novitates, 3535, 1 - 55. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0082 (2006) 3535 [1: PATROT] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2006">Stiassny &amp; Sparks, 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Distinguished from all congeners by uniform dark brownish to black coloration in preservation and in life by expansive, continuous (or nearly so), longitudinal black blotch on midlateral flank extending from posterior margin of opercle to caudal peduncle (versus absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FB520BF7622DFA05" box="[1263,1400,1439,1462]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornatus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FB520BF7622DFA05" box="[1263,1400,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. inornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FA3A0BF767BCFA68" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="onilahy">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FA3A0BF767BCFA68" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. onilahy</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FF460BAB66D1FA68" box="[251,388,1475,1499]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="curvi" subSpecies="dens">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FF460BAB66D1FA68" box="[251,388,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. curvi dens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FE240BAB6547FA68" box="[409,530,1475,1499]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FE240BAB6547FA68" box="[409,530,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FD990BAB65F7FA68" box="[548,674,1475,1499]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insolitus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FD990BAB65F7FA68" box="[548,674,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. insolitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or comprising multiple distinct midlateral blotches or bars in 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FA3A0BAB666FFA4D" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernestmagnusi">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FA3A0BAB666FFA4D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. ernestmagnusi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FEF40B8F66E4FA4D" box="[329,433,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. m ak i r a</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FE7E0B8F650BFA4D" box="[451,606,1510,1534]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FE7E0B8F650BFA4D" box="[451,606,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. grandidieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FD230B8F6419FA4D" box="[670,844,1510,1534]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oligacanthus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FD230B8F6419FA4D" box="[670,844,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. oligacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FCD90B8E630BFA4D" box="[868,1118,1510,1534]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FCD90B8E630BFA4D" box="[868,1118,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays little or no overlap of anterior supraneural relative to supraoccipital crest, versus marked overlap in some eastern congeners (
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FA8C086362C9F990" box="[1329,1436,1547,1571]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="makira">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FA8C086362C9F990" box="[1329,1436,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. makira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FF7B084766D1F9F5" box="[198,388,1583,1606]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernestmagnusi">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FF7B084766D1F9F5" box="[198,388,1583,1606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. ernestmagnusi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In comparison to 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FDE2084765AFF9F5" box="[607,762,1582,1606]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FDE2084765AFF9F5" box="[607,762,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. grandidieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, body depth as a percentage of SL in 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FB2208476253F9F5" box="[1183,1286,1583,1606]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FB2208476253F9F5" box="[1183,1286,1583,1606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
considerably less for similarly sized individuals and slope of head in profile less steep. New species further distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8097827FA3A083B6643F93D" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FA3A083B6643F93D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">P. grandidieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by fewer and more sparsely arranged teeth on second pharyngobranchial toothplate (Pb2) of upper pharyngeal jaw (vs. numerous, densely arranged teeth).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372C19FA8097822FF7A08D6657CF8A7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8097827FF7A08D6650DF838" blockId="2.[151,1436,1150,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8097827FF7A08D6660CF964" bold="true" box="[199,345,1726,1751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric and meristic data presented in 
<tableCitation id="C6EAA7AFA8097827FCC808D66499F964" box="[885,972,1726,1751]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,235,332,354]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological and meristic data for Ptychochromis mainty, new species. Linear measurements (mm) are provided as percent of standard length (SL) or percent of head length (HL), unless noted differently. Values in parentheses indicate number of specimens examined. Holotype counts denoted by the letter H." pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Shallow bodied, with elongated caudal peduncle (
<figureCitation id="13538E91A8097827FEB1088A6604F948" box="[268,337,1762,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,823,845]" captionTargetBox="[186,1387,271,708]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,195,801]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ptychochromis mainty, AMNH 238825, holotype, 140.4 mm SL (scale bar = 1 cm). Photo taken on right side due to specimen bending." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290016/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Body overall convex in shape, most notably in dorsal profile. Ventral margin between pelvic fin and vent nearly flat to slightly convex. Prominent point along ventral margin at first anal spine due to moderate ventral sloping between vent and first anal spine and strong dorsal sloping along anal fin toward the caudal peduncle. Profile of head flat and rising at roughly 40 degrees from midline. Slight hump visible from supraoccipital crest in larger specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8097827FF7A09FE63EBF81C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1150,2003]" box="[199,1214,1942,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
Vertebral count 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A8097827FEC709FF66E6F81C" box="[378,435,1942,1967]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.858" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" unit="in" value="27.0">27 in</quantity>
all examined specimens, with 14 pre-caudal and 13 caudal vertebrae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8097826FF7A09D2635AFEAE" blockId="2.[151,1436,1150,2003]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Oral jaws isognathous with dentition present across most of premaxillary arcade and covering about 2/3 of dentary. Dentition distally expanded and bicuspid anteriorly. Posterior teeth weakly bicuspid or flat, and rarely unicusped with pointed distal end. Outer row of teeth larger than inner rows. Three inner rows of teeth on anteriormost portion of dentary, reducing to single row of outer teeth posteriorly. Up to four inner rows of teeth on anterior portion of premaxilla, reducing to single row of outer teeth posteriorly.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF17C29CA8087826FF2A0F2464D5FE2C" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8087826FF2A0F2464D5FE2C" blockId="3.[151,1436,332,415]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8087826FF2A0F246650FED1" bold="true" box="[151,261,332,354]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological and meristic data for 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8087826FD390F246430FED1" box="[644,869,332,354]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8087826FD390F246430FED1" box="[644,869,332,354]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22FF37DA8087826FCCE0F2564A5FED1" box="[883,1008,332,354]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. Linear measurements (mm) are provided as percent of standard length (SL) or percent of head length (HL), unless noted differently. Values in parentheses indicate number of specimens examined. Holotype counts denoted by the letter H.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8087826FD5C0FD3646AFE63" blockId="3.[159,1381,443,547]" box="[737,831,443,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A8087826FD5C0FD3646AFE63" box="[737,831,443,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A8087826FD5C0FD3646AFE63" box="[737,831,443,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">P. mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8087826FF220F8C63B7FD90" blockId="3.[159,1381,443,547]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
Character N 
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A8087826FCB90F8C6437FE49" box="[772,866,484,506]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
Range Mean SD Standard length (mm) 4 140.4 100.5−148.8 122.7
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8087826FF220C09623EFB8F" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<table id="F96860B4A80887DAFF220C08623EFB8F" box="[159,1387,608,1084]" gridcols="6" gridrows="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220C08623EFDC5" box="[159,1387,608,630]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220C0866DBFDC5" box="[159,398,608,630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Percentage of SL</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220CE1623EFD2C" box="[159,1387,649,671]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220CE166DBFD2C" box="[159,398,649,671]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Head length</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0CE165F6FD2C" box="[662,675,649,671]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00CE1641CFD2C" box="[797,841,649,671]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">33.7</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0CE1636DFD2C" box="[977,1080,649,671]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">33.7−38.0</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0CE16389FD2C" box="[1200,1244,649,671]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">35.7</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820CE1623EFD2C" box="[1343,1387,649,671]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">1.84</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220CDA623EFD7B" box="[159,1387,690,712]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220CDA66DBFD7B" box="[159,398,690,712]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Body depth</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0CDA65F6FD7B" box="[662,675,690,712]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00CDA641CFD7B" box="[797,841,690,712]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">41.4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0CDA636DFD7B" box="[977,1080,690,712]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">41.4−45.5</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0CDA6389FD7B" box="[1200,1244,690,712]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">43.3</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820CDA623EFD7B" box="[1343,1387,690,712]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">1.78</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220CB4623EFD41" box="[159,1387,732,754]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220CB466DBFD41" box="[159,398,732,754]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Predorsal length</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0CB465F6FD41" box="[662,675,732,754]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00CB4641CFD41" box="[797,841,732,754]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">39.7</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0CB4636DFD41" box="[977,1080,732,754]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">39.7−44.6</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0CB46389FD41" box="[1200,1244,732,754]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">42.3</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820CB4623EFD41" box="[1343,1387,732,754]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">2.02</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220D6D623EFCA8" box="[159,1387,773,795]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220D6D66DBFCA8" box="[159,398,773,795]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Preanal length</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0D6D65F6FCA8" box="[662,675,773,795]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00D6D641CFCA8" box="[797,841,773,795]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">73.4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0D6D636DFCA8" box="[977,1080,773,795]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">73.4−75.8</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0D6D6389FCA8" box="[1200,1244,773,795]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">74.5</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820D6D623EFCA8" box="[1343,1387,773,795]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">0.98</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220D46623EFCF7" box="[159,1387,814,836]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220D4666DBFCF7" box="[159,398,814,836]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Prepelvic length</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0D4665F6FCF7" box="[662,675,814,836]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00D46641CFCF7" box="[797,841,814,836]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">41.9</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0D46636DFCF7" box="[977,1080,814,836]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">41.9−44.6</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0D466389FCF7" box="[1200,1244,814,836]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">43.4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820D46623EFCF7" box="[1343,1387,814,836]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">1.22</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220D30623EFCDD" box="[159,1387,856,878]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220D3066DBFCDD" box="[159,398,856,878]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Head width (max.)</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0D3065F6FCDD" box="[662,675,856,878]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00D30641CFCDD" box="[797,841,856,878]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">18.0</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0D30636DFCDD" box="[977,1080,856,878]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">17.0−18.4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0D306389FCDD" box="[1200,1244,856,878]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">17.7</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820D30623EFCDD" box="[1343,1387,856,878]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">0.64</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220DE9623EFC24" box="[159,1387,897,919]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220DE966DBFC24" box="[159,398,897,919]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Caudal peduncle length</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0DE965F6FC24" box="[662,675,897,919]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00DE9641CFC24" box="[797,841,897,919]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">16.6</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0DE9636DFC24" box="[977,1080,897,919]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">14.9−16.6</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0DE96389FC24" box="[1200,1244,897,919]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">15.7</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820DE9623EFC24" box="[1343,1387,897,919]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">0.69</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220DC2623EFC73" box="[159,1387,938,960]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220DC266DBFC73" box="[159,398,938,960]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Caudal peduncle width</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0DC265F6FC73" box="[662,675,938,960]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00DC2641CFC73" box="[797,841,938,960]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">3.9</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0DC2636DFC73" box="[977,1080,938,960]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">3.8−6.4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0DC26389FC73" box="[1200,1244,938,960]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4.8</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820DC2623EFC73" box="[1343,1387,938,960]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">1.23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220DBC623EFC59" box="[159,1387,980,1002]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220DBC66DBFC59" box="[159,398,980,1002]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0DBC65F6FC59" box="[662,675,980,1002]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00DBC641CFC59" box="[797,841,980,1002]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">16.1</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0DBC636DFC59" box="[977,1080,980,1002]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">15.8−16.5</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0DBC6389FC59" box="[1200,1244,980,1002]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">16.0</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820DBC623EFC59" box="[1343,1387,980,1002]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">0.35</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220D95623EFBA0" box="[159,1387,1021,1043]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220D9566DBFBA0" box="[159,398,1021,1043]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Pectoral-fin length</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0D9565F6FBA0" box="[662,675,1021,1043]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00D95641CFBA0" box="[797,841,1021,1043]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">28.8</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0D95636DFBA0" box="[977,1080,1021,1043]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">28.8−32.0</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0D956389FBA0" box="[1200,1244,1021,1043]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">30.2</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820D95623EFBA0" box="[1343,1387,1021,1043]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">1.68</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF220A4E623EFB8F" box="[159,1387,1062,1084]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220A4E66DBFB8F" box="[159,398,1062,1084]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Pelvic-fin length</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B0A4E65F6FB8F" box="[662,675,1062,1084]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFCA00A4E641CFB8F" box="[797,841,1062,1084]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">31.0</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC6C0A4E636DFB8F" box="[977,1080,1062,1084]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">28.5−40.1</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFB0D0A4E6389FB8F" box="[1200,1244,1062,1084]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">34.3</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFA820A4E623EFB8F" box="[1343,1387,1062,1084]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">5.45</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8087826FF220A126604FB3C" blockId="3.[159,1387,1145,1415]" box="[159,337,1145,1167]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Percentage of HL</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8087821FF220ACA63B9F816" blockId="3.[159,1387,1145,1415]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1435,1896,1957]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
Snout length 4 44.8 39.8−44.8 42.9 2.24 Orbit diameter 4 33.4 31.1−34.8 33.0 1.54 Upper-jaw length 4 37.1 34.7−38.3 36.4 1.62 Lower-jaw length 4 42.0 38.5−42.0 40.8 1.58 Interorbital width 4 29.5 27.7−31.9 29.5 1.74 Preorbital depth 4 27.8 24.1−27.8 26.5 1.70 Caudal peduncle length/depth 4 1.0 0.9−1.0 1.0 0.04 Caudal peduncle length/width 4 4.2 2.5−4.2 3.4 0.80 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80F7821FF2A09036643F832" bold="true" box="[151,278,1899,1921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Lower pharyngeal jaw (LPJ) in dorsal view, representing fused 5th ceratobranchials in 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80F7821FB0F090362C0F832" box="[1202,1429,1899,1921]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80F7821FB0F090362C0F832" box="[1202,1429,1899,1921]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Tooth-bearing rakers on 4th gill arch are also visible (lateral to LPJ). AMNH 241979, 
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A80F7821FC4A09F86304F816" box="[1015,1105,1936,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A80F7821FBE709E76395F816" box="[1114,1216,1935,1957]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.005" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="100.5">100.5 mm</quantity>
SL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A8087826FF2208286358F8E3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<table id="F96860B4A80887DAFF22082863E6F8E3" box="[159,1203,1600,1872]" gridcols="3" gridrows="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF22082863E6F9E5" box="[159,1203,1600,1622]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220828668AF9E5" box="[159,479,1600,1622]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Scales in lateral line</th>
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B082865F6F9E5" box="[662,675,1600,1622]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</th>
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFC9B082863E6F9E5" box="[806,1203,1600,1622]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">28 (1), 30 (2,H), 31 (1)</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF22080163E6F9CC" box="[159,1203,1641,1663]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220801668AF9CC" box="[159,479,1641,1663]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Scales: lateral line to dorsal fin</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B080165F6F9CC" box="[662,675,1641,1663]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC9B080163E6F9CC" box="[806,1203,1641,1663]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">5 (3,H), 6 (1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF2208FA63E6F91B" box="[159,1203,1682,1704]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF2208FA668AF91B" box="[159,479,1682,1704]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Scales: pectoral to pelvic bases</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B08FA65F6F91B" box="[662,675,1682,1704]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC9B08FA63E6F91B" box="[806,1203,1682,1704]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF2208D363E6F967" box="[159,1203,1723,1748]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF2208D3668AF967" box="[159,479,1723,1748]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Gill rakers (lower limb 1st arch)</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B08D365F6F967" box="[662,675,1723,1748]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC9B08D363E6F967" box="[806,1203,1723,1748]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF22088F63E6F94E" box="[159,1203,1767,1789]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF22088F668AF94E" box="[159,479,1767,1789]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Vertebrae (pre-caudal + caudal)</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B088F65F6F94E" box="[662,675,1767,1789]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC9B088F63E6F94E" box="[806,1203,1767,1789]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">14+13 = 27</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF22097963E6F894" box="[159,1203,1809,1831]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220979668AF894" box="[159,479,1809,1831]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Dorsal fin</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B097965F6F894" box="[662,675,1809,1831]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC9B097963E6F894" box="[806,1203,1809,1831]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">XIII 11 (1), XIII 12 (2,H), XIII 13 (1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80887DAFF22095263E6F8E3" box="[159,1203,1850,1872]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<th id="7689F92AA80887DAFF220952668AF8E3" box="[159,479,1850,1872]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Anal fin</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFD2B095265F6F8E3" box="[662,675,1850,1872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">4</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80887DAFC9B095263E6F8E3" box="[806,1203,1850,1872]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">III 8 (3,H), III 9 (1)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF17C29CA80F7821FF2A0D5F6603FCDF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290016/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" targetBox="[186,1387,271,708]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80F7821FF2A0D5F6603FCDF" blockId="4.[151,1436,823,876]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80F7821FF2A0D5F6647FCFE" bold="true" box="[151,274,823,845]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80F7821FEA50D5F66A2FCFE" box="[280,503,823,845]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80F7821FEA50D5F66A2FCFE" box="[280,503,823,845]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, AMNH 238825, holotype, 140.4 mm SL (scale bar = 1cm). Photo taken on right side due to specimen bending.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80E7820FF7A0EF264EAFE60" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
Robust lower pharyngeal jaw (LPJ), consisting of medially fused 5th ceratobranchials, with interdigitating suture uniting both halves. Posteromedially, both LPJ and upper pharyngeal jaw (UPJ) with enlarged molariform dentition (Fig. 3). Remaining dentition on LPJ and UPJ comparatively small and biscuspid, with well-developed posterior cusp and poorly developed anterior cusp. Second pharyngobranchial toothplate (Pb2) with three to four rows of elongate, sparsely arranged hooked and biscupid teeth (
<figureCitation id="13538E91A80E7820FC360F426480FEF0" box="[907,981,298,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,962,984]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,535,922]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,535,922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ventral view of upper pharyngeal jaw (UPJ) in (A) Ptychochromis mainty (AMNH 241979, paratype) and (B) Ptychochromis grandidieri (AMNH 88018). Jaw elements pictured are the pharyngobranchial toothplates (Pb 2 &amp; Pb 3), the second epibranchial toothplate (Ep 2 - tp) and the fourth upper toothplate (Up 4 - tp)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290017/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Presence of free second epibranchial toothplate. Teeth on second epibranchial toothplate bicuspid, with one cusp strongly hooked and other cusp very poorly developed. Non-molariform teeth on third pharyngobranchial toothplate, decreasing in size laterally, but increasing in intensity of hooked appearance. Fourth upper toothplate with sparsely arranged hooked and bicuspid teeth that decrease in size and development toward plate’s outer margin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF17C29CA80E7820FF2A0DAA649BFBA6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290017/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" targetBox="[151,1435,535,922]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80E7820FF2A0DAA649BFBA6" blockId="5.[151,1436,962,1045]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80E7820FF2A0DAA6640FC6B" bold="true" box="[151,277,962,984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Ventral view of upper pharyngeal jaw (UPJ) in (
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80E7820FCA70DAA6479FC6B" bold="true" box="[794,812,962,984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">A</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80E7820FC800DAA6377FC6B" box="[829,1058,962,984]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80E7820FC800DAA6377FC6B" box="[829,1058,962,984]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 241979, paratype) and (
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80E7820FA3E0DAA62C1FC6B" bold="true" box="[1411,1428,962,984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">B</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80E7820FF2A0D8866FEFC45" box="[151,427,992,1014]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80E7820FF2A0D8866FEFC45" box="[151,427,992,1014]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Ptychochromis grandidieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 88018). Jaw elements pictured are the pharyngobranchial toothplates (Pb2 &amp; Pb3), the second epibranchial toothplate (Ep2-tp) and the fourth upper toothplate (Up4-tp).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80E7820FF7A0A5467B6FB72" blockId="5.[151,1437,1084,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Gill rakers number 10 on lower limb of first gill arch, not including raker in angle of arch. Tooth-bearing rakers present on lower limb of first gill arch. Raker dentition conical with occasional weak curvature. Seven to eight elongate epibranchial gill rakers. Rakers increasingly robust and with more numerous teeth from second gill arch to fourth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80E7820FF7A0AA4662BF9B6" blockId="5.[151,1437,1084,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Flank squamation comprised of large, regularly imbricate, weakly ctenoid scales. Anteriormost occurrence of ctenii near first dorsal spine and just posterior to pectoral fin base, and continuing posteriorly to origin of caudal fin. Chest scales in larger specimens reduced in size and weakly embedded. Embedded cycloid scales present on nape and head. Cycloid scales present on opercle. Preopercle asquamate. Cheek scales cycloid, comprising up to four rows. Anterior half of interorbital area, snout, anterior cheek and lachrymal asquamate. Scales on caudal fin ctenoid at base, and become increasingly smaller, cycloid and embedded posteriorly. Lateral line scales with welldeveloped pores and numbering 28, 30 (mode) and 31. Four scales between pectoral and pelvic fin bases. Five (mode) or six scales diagonally between dorsal-fin origin and upper lateral line. No scales extending onto dorsal- or anal-fin membranes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80E7820FF7A08786205F8B2" blockId="5.[151,1437,1084,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Dorsal fin with XIII spines and 11 to 13 soft rays. Anal fin with III spines and eight or nine soft rays. First anal spine much shorter in length than the second and third. Soft rays of dorsal and anal fins elongate, producing tapered appearance in both. Anal-fin rays extend approximately to origin of caudal fin, although in one smaller specimen (AMNH 241978) first three soft rays extend well posterior of caudal base. Pectoral fin elongate, with rays increasing in length dorsally and extending posteriorly to anterior origin of lower lateral line. Pelvic fin long and extending approximately to first anal-fin spine when adpressed, but more elongate in AMNH 242978, extending to middle of anal fin. Caudal fin emarginate, with somewhat rounded and equally sized upper and lower lobes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80E7823FF7A09646607FF67" blockId="5.[151,1437,1084,2009]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80E7820FF7A096465C6F896" bold="true" box="[199,659,1804,1829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Miscellaneous osteology and anatomy.</emphasis>
Infraorbital series comprising seven elements. Lachrymal with four pores; fourth pore directly adjacent to anterior pore of second infraorbital. Second infraorbital expanded. Second infraorbital excluded from margin of orbit by third infraorbital. First supraneural flattened dorsally and with little or no overlap with posterior portion of supraoccipital crest. Second supraneural smaller than first or absent (
<figureCitation id="13538E91A80E7820FAD2091067F0F806" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[213,1364,933,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[209,1377,926,1755]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variation in supraneural morphology for (A) Ptychochromis ernestmagnusi (AMNH 249489, paratype), (B) Ptychochromis grandidieri (UMMZ 237312), (C) Ptychochromis mainty (AMNH 238825, holotype) and (D) Ptychochromis mainty (AMNH 241979, paratype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290018/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C), and more varied in shape, with forms either having anterior extension with flattened dorsal surface (
<figureCitation id="13538E91A80E7820FA9809F46235F806" box="[1317,1376,1948,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[213,1364,933,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[209,1377,926,1755]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variation in supraneural morphology for (A) Ptychochromis ernestmagnusi (AMNH 249489, paratype), (B) Ptychochromis grandidieri (UMMZ 237312), (C) Ptychochromis mainty (AMNH 238825, holotype) and (D) Ptychochromis mainty (AMNH 241979, paratype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290018/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Fig 5</figureCitation>
D) or no anterior projection. Less developed or absent second supraneurals present in larger specimens (AMNH 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A80E7823FAFC09A8665CFF1C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="85" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.388251404" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="2.388251404E8">238825, 140.4 mm</quantity>
SL and AMNH 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A80D7823FE7B0EFF65CEFF1C" box="[454,667,151,176]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.659441488" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" unit="mm" value="2.659441488E8">265944, 148.8 mm</quantity>
SL). Laterosenory canals on dentary and preopercle well developed with large pores.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF17C29CA80D7823FF2A0F6D6210FEA8" ID-Table-UUID="DF17C29CA80D7823FF2A0F6D6210FEA8" box="[151,1349,261,283]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF17C29CA80D7823FF2A0F6D6210FEA8" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" targetBox="[159,1410,394,850]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80D7823FF2A0F6D6210FEA8" blockId="6.[151,1349,261,283]" box="[151,1349,261,283]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF2A0F6D6651FEA8" bold="true" box="[151,260,261,283]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
GenBank accession numbers and voucher numbers for specimens used in molecular phylogenetic analysis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80D7823FF220F516390FEFD" blockId="6.[159,1403,312,375]" box="[159,1221,312,334]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Taxon Voucher Specimen/Tissue # GenBank Accession #</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80D7822FCF20F09632AFE47" blockId="6.[159,1403,312,375]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
16S COI H3 Tmo-4C4 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF7A090366C1F837" bold="true" box="[199,404,1899,1924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Coloration in life</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13538E91A80D7823FE18090366BCF837" box="[421,489,1899,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[221,1363,558,1345]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,515,1386]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ptychochromis mainty. Live specimen collected from the Fort Dauphin region of Madagascar and photographed by Alex Saunders." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290019/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). No images available from 
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A80D7823FC930904640BF837" box="[814,862,1900,1924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">type</typeStatus>
series illustrating live coloration. Photos of live 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FA3A090467B4F814" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FA3A090467B4F814" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">P. mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, collected from Fort Dauphin region of southeastern 
<collectingCountry id="F37FD284A80D7823FCD109E764A0F81B" box="[876,1013,1935,1960]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, provided by A. Saunders. Ground coloration light to dark olive green. One expansive longitudinal black blotch present on midlateral flank, and sometimes one or two smaller blotches also on caudal peduncle. Primary blotch starting just posterior to opercle and continuous to caudal peduncle, but sometimes with break approximately at a vertical through anterior insertion of anal fin. This pattern contrasts with that of conspecifics, including 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FC0E0ED56326FF67" box="[947,1139,189,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernestmagnusi">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FC0E0ED56326FF67" box="[947,1139,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">P. ernestmagnusi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FB3E0ED563B8FF67" box="[1155,1261,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">P. m a k i r a</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FB420ED562CEFF67" box="[1279,1435,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FB420ED562CEFF67" box="[1279,1435,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">P. grandidieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FF760E896629FF4B" box="[203,380,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oligacanthus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FF760E896629FF4B" box="[203,380,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">P. oligacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where several distinct midlateral blotches or bars are present. In individuals with darker ground coloration, ventral half of body has non-uniform yellow to greenish-yellow coloration. Base color of fins same as body. Yellow coloration present on margin of dorsal fin, associated with distal portion of spines and sometimes also present on tips of soft rays. Small patches of yellow coloration also present near distal ends of dorsal and ventral caudal fin rays. Head color uniform and same as base body coloration. Additional images of specimens from Lake Taransty (
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FDBC0FFC65FDFE1F" box="[513,680,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FDBC0FFC65FDFE1F" box="[513,680,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Ptychochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22FF37DA80C7822FD120FFD65B9FE1F" box="[687,748,405,428]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
“Tarantsy”) and of an unidentified 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FBC10FFC6276FE1F" box="[1148,1315,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FBC10FFC6276FE1F" box="[1148,1315,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Ptychochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from west of Fort Dauphin region show fishes with expansive, but less continuous midlateral blotches (de 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9EFE5A80C7822FA9E0FDF6611FE47" author="Rham" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" refString="de Rham, P. &amp; Nourissat, J. (2004) The endemic cichlids of Madagascar. French Cichlid Association, St. Julia, 191 pp." type="book" year="2004">Rham and Nourissat 2004</bibRefCitation>
, pp. 47–49), which could potentially represent color variants of 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FBAF0FB56322FE47" box="[1042,1143,477,500]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FBAF0FB56322FE47" box="[1042,1143,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">P. mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80D7823FF220FE362D4FCE1" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<table id="F96860B4A80D87DAFF220FE262D7FCE1" box="[159,1410,394,850]" gridcols="6" gridrows="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220FE262D7FE13" box="[159,1410,394,416]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220FE266EAFE13" box="[159,447,394,416]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220FE36676FE13" box="[159,291,394,416]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Katria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="katria">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220FE36676FE13" box="[159,291,394,416]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Katria katria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540FE265B8FE13" box="[489,749,394,416]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">UMMZ PNR MLJS 1991</th>
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960FE264CFFE13" box="[811,922,394,416]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC910FE264CFFE13" box="[812,922,394,416]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY263814" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY263814</accessionNumber>
</th>
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0FE26311FE13" box="[978,1092,394,416]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC6F0FE26314FE13" box="[978,1089,394,416]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY263880" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY263880</accessionNumber>
</th>
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80FE263B1FE13" box="[1141,1252,394,416]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80FE263B1FE13" box="[1141,1252,394,416]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662915" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662915</accessionNumber>
</th>
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0FE262D7FE13" box="[1299,1410,394,416]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0FE262D7FE13" box="[1299,1410,394,416]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662840" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662840</accessionNumber>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220FDC62D7FE79" box="[159,1410,436,458]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220FDC66EAFE79" box="[159,447,436,458]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220FDC66FAFE79" box="[159,431,436,458]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220FDC66FAFE79" box="[159,431,436,458]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis grandidieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540FDC65B8FE79" box="[489,749,436,458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">UMMZ JSS 94-26</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960FDC64CFFE79" box="[811,922,436,458]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC910FDC64CFFE79" box="[812,922,436,458]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY263811" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY263811</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0FDC6311FE79" box="[978,1092,436,458]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC680FDC6311FE79" box="[981,1092,436,458]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY263878" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY263878</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80FDC63B1FE79" box="[1141,1252,436,458]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80FDC63B6FE79" box="[1141,1251,436,458]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662916" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662916</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0FDC62D7FE79" box="[1299,1410,436,458]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0FDC62D4FE79" box="[1299,1409,436,458]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662841" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662841</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220FB562D7FE40" box="[159,1410,477,499]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220FB566EAFE40" box="[159,447,477,499]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220FB566C8FE40" box="[159,413,477,499]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornatus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220FB566C8FE40" box="[159,413,477,499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis inornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540FB565B8FE40" box="[489,749,477,499]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">UMMZ JSS 94-19</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960FB564CFFE40" box="[811,922,477,499]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC910FB564CFFE40" box="[812,922,477,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY263812" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY263812</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0FB56311FE40" box="[978,1092,477,499]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC680FB56311FE40" box="[981,1092,477,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY263875" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY263875</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80FB563B1FE40" box="[1141,1252,477,499]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80FB563B1FE40" box="[1141,1252,477,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662917" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662917</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0FB562D7FE40" box="[1299,1410,477,499]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0FB562D7FE40" box="[1299,1410,477,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662842" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662842</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220C6E62D7FDAF" box="[159,1410,518,540]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220C6E66EAFDAF" box="[159,447,518,540]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220C6E66C7FDAF" box="[159,402,518,540]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insolitus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220C6E66C7FDAF" box="[159,402,518,540]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis insolitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540C6E65B8FDAF" box="[489,749,518,540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">UMMZ 237066</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960C6E64CFFDAF" box="[811,922,518,540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC910C6E64CCFDAF" box="[812,921,518,540]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662725" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662725</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0C6E6311FDAF" box="[978,1092,518,540]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC6F0C6E6315FDAF" box="[978,1088,518,540]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662777" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662777</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80C6E63B1FDAF" box="[1141,1252,518,540]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80C6E63B6FDAF" box="[1141,1251,518,540]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662922" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662922</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0C6E62D7FDAF" box="[1299,1410,518,540]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0C6E62D4FDAF" box="[1299,1409,518,540]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662847" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662847</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220C5862D7FDF5" box="[159,1410,560,582]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220C5866EAFDF5" box="[159,447,560,582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220C5866D9FDF5" box="[159,396,560,582]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loisellei">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220C5866D9FDF5" box="[159,396,560,582]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis loisellei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540C5865B8FDF5" box="[489,749,560,582]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AMNH uncat.</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960C5864CFFDF5" box="[811,922,560,582]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC960C5864CCFDF5" box="[811,921,560,582]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662723" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662723</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0C586311FDF5" box="[978,1092,560,582]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC680C586311FDF5" box="[981,1092,560,582]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662776" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662776</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80C5863B1FDF5" box="[1141,1252,560,582]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80C5863B6FDF5" box="[1141,1251,560,582]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662920" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662920</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0C5862D7FDF5" box="[1299,1410,560,582]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0C5862D4FDF5" box="[1299,1409,560,582]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662845" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662845</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220C3162D7FDDC" box="[159,1410,601,623]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220C3166EAFDDC" box="[159,447,601,623]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220C3166D1FDDC" box="[159,388,601,623]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="makira">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220C3166D1FDDC" box="[159,388,601,623]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis makira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540C3165B8FDDC" box="[489,749,601,623]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AMNH 237132</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960C3164CFFDDC" box="[811,922,601,623]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC910C3164CFFDDC" box="[812,922,601,623]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662724" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662724</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0C316311FDDC" box="[978,1092,601,623]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC6F0C316314FDDC" box="[978,1089,601,623]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662775" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662775</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80C3163B1FDDC" box="[1141,1252,601,623]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80C3163B6FDDC" box="[1141,1251,601,623]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662921" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662921</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0C3162D7FDDC" box="[1299,1410,601,623]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0C3162D7FDDC" box="[1299,1410,601,623]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662846" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662846</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220CEA62D7FD04" box="[159,1410,642,695]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220CEA66EAFD04" box="[159,447,642,695]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220CEA66EAFD2B" box="[159,447,642,664]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oligacanthus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220CEA66EAFD2B" box="[159,447,642,664]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis oligacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
‘‘Nosy Be’’
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540CEA65B8FD04" box="[489,749,642,695]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">UMMZ JSS 96-20</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960CEA64CFFD04" box="[811,922,642,695]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC910CEA64CCFD2B" box="[812,921,642,664]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY263813" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY263813</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0CEA6311FD04" box="[978,1092,642,695]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC680CEA6311FD2B" box="[981,1092,642,664]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY263873" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY263873</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80CEA63B1FD04" box="[1141,1252,642,695]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80CEA63B1FD2B" box="[1141,1252,642,664]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662918" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662918</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0CEA62D7FD04" box="[1299,1410,642,695]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0CEA62D4FD2B" box="[1299,1409,642,664]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662843" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662843</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220CA262D7FD4C" box="[159,1410,714,767]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220CA266EAFD4C" box="[159,447,714,767]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220CA266EAFD53" box="[159,447,714,736]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oligacanthus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220CA266EAFD53" box="[159,447,714,736]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis oligacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
‘‘northwest’’
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540CA265B8FD4C" box="[489,749,714,767]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">UMMZ uncat.</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960CA264CFFD4C" box="[811,922,714,767]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC960CA264CFFD53" box="[811,922,714,736]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662722" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662722</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0CA26311FD4C" box="[978,1092,714,767]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC680CA26311FD53" box="[981,1092,714,736]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662774" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662774</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80CA263B1FD4C" box="[1141,1252,714,767]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80CA263B1FD53" box="[1141,1252,714,736]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662919" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662919</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0CA262D7FD4C" box="[1299,1410,714,767]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0CA262D7FD53" box="[1299,1410,714,736]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY662844" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AY662844</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220D7A62D7FC9B" box="[159,1410,786,808]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220D7A66EAFC9B" box="[159,447,786,808]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220D7A66D4FC9B" box="[159,385,786,808]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220D7A66D4FC9B" box="[159,385,786,808]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540D7A65B8FC9B" box="[489,749,786,808]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AMNH 241978</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960D7A64CFFC9B" box="[811,922,786,808]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC910D7A64CFFC9B" box="[812,922,786,808]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT981945" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">KT981945</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0D7A6311FC9B" box="[978,1092,786,808]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC6E0D7A6314FC9B" box="[979,1089,786,808]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT981941" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">KT981941</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80D7A63B1FC9B" box="[1141,1252,786,808]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80D7A63B6FC9B" box="[1141,1251,786,808]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT981943" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">KT981943</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0D7A62D7FC9B" box="[1299,1410,786,808]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0D7A62D4FC9B" box="[1299,1409,786,808]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT981947" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">KT981947</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35589056A80D87DAFF220D5462D7FCE1" box="[159,1410,828,850]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<th id="7689F92AA80D87DAFF220D5466EAFCE1" box="[159,447,828,850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF220D5466D4FCE1" box="[159,385,828,850]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF220D5466D4FCE1" box="[159,385,828,850]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFE540D5465B8FCE1" box="[489,749,828,850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">AMNH 241979</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC960D5464CFFCE1" box="[811,922,828,850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC910D5464CFFCE1" box="[812,922,828,850]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT981946" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">KT981946</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFC6F0D546311FCE1" box="[978,1092,828,850]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FC6E0D546315FCE1" box="[979,1088,828,850]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT981942" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">KT981942</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFBC80D5463B1FCE1" box="[1141,1252,828,850]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FBC80D5463B7FCE1" box="[1141,1250,828,850]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT981944" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">KT981944</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="7689F92AA80D87DAFAAE0D5462D7FCE1" box="[1299,1410,828,850]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<accessionNumber id="943B0FF7A80D7823FAAE0D5462D4FCE1" box="[1299,1409,828,850]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT981948" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">KT981948</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF17C29CA80D7823FF2A089866A8F8F7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290018/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" targetBox="[213,1364,933,1734]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80D7823FF2A089866A8F8F7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1776,1860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF2A08986642F8B5" bold="true" box="[151,279,1776,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Variation in supraneural morphology for (
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FD5E089865A0F8B5" bold="true" box="[739,757,1776,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">A</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FCB408986315F8B5" box="[777,1088,1776,1798]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernestmagnusi">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FCB408986315F8B5" box="[777,1088,1776,1798]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis ernestmagnusi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 249489, paratype), (
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FA3E089862C1F8B5" bold="true" box="[1411,1428,1776,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">B</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FF2A096766FFF896" box="[151,426,1807,1829]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandidieri">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FF2A096766FFF896" box="[151,426,1807,1829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis grandidieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UMMZ 237312), (
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FDC1096765DBF896" bold="true" box="[636,654,1807,1829]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">C</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FD22096764D6F896" box="[671,899,1807,1829]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FD22096764D6F896" box="[671,899,1807,1829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 238825, holotype) and (
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FB5F096763A1F896" bold="true" box="[1250,1268,1807,1829]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">D</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80D7823FAB809676789F8F7" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80D7823FAB809676789F8F7" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 241979, paratype).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF17C29CA80C7822FF2A0B176667FA07" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290019/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" targetBox="[221,1363,558,1345]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80C7822FF2A0B176667FA07" blockId="7.[151,1435,1407,1460]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FF2A0B176647FA26" bold="true" box="[151,274,1407,1429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FEA50B1766A2FA25" box="[280,503,1407,1430]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FEA50B1766A2FA25" box="[280,503,1407,1430]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Live specimen collected from the Fort Dauphin region of Madagascar and photographed by Alex Saunders.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80C7822FF7A0BB3657CF8A7" blockId="7.[151,1437,1499,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FF7A0BB36557FA47" bold="true" box="[199,514,1499,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Coloration in preservation</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13538E91A80C7822FDAF0BB36500FA47" box="[530,597,1499,1524]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,823,845]" captionTargetBox="[186,1387,271,708]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,195,801]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ptychochromis mainty, AMNH 238825, holotype, 140.4 mm SL (scale bar = 1 cm). Photo taken on right side due to specimen bending." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290016/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Base color of body dark brown, with ventral half just slightly lighter than dorsal. In smaller individuals (AMNH 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A80C7822FDED08686473F9A4" box="[592,806,1536,1560]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.419781013" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="2.419781013E8">241978, 101.3 mm</quantity>
SL and AMNH 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A80C7822FC59086863EEF9A4" box="[996,1211,1535,1560]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.419791005" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="2.419791005E8">241979, 100.5 mm</quantity>
SL), ventral half of body pale brown and markedly lighter than dorsal half. Darkest pigment (i.e., black) occurs midlaterally and is most prominent directly posterior of opercle, although it does not contrast greatly with ground coloration of body. This darkened area corresponds to large, black midlateral blotch present in life. Posterior half of lower jaw cream to light brown in color. Pectoral fin radials dark, but membrane cream colored, giving fin a light overall appearance. Some fading of pelvic fin at medial base, becoming light brown to nearly white in color. Anal fin slightly (
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A80C7822FF4608BF6635F943" box="[251,352,1751,1776]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) to mostly cream colored near base posteriorly. Vent clearly stands out from ventral margin of body and is white to cream in color.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372C19FA80C782DFF7A09776216FA24" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80C7822FF7A097763F5F817" blockId="7.[151,1437,1499,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FF7A097766A3F88B" bold="true" box="[199,502,1823,1848]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13538E91A80C7822FDB009776506F88B" box="[525,595,1823,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1955,1977]" captionTargetBox="[365,1220,709,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[349,1238,697,1933]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Madagascar, showing known geographic ranges of Ptychochromis species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290015/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Known only from Fort Dauphin region near Taolagnaro in extreme southeastern 
<collectingCountry id="F37FD284A80C7822FE8F092B66E9F8EF" box="[306,444,1859,1884]" name="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Another, presumably distinct, population of 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FC5A092C63DBF8EF" box="[999,1166,1860,1884]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FC5A092C63DBF8EF" box="[999,1166,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Ptychochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, referred to as 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FAE5092C623FF8E8" box="[1368,1386,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">P.</emphasis>
sp. “Tarantsy”, is known from Lake Tarantsy, roughly 
<quantity id="4C903FF1A80C7822FD54090F6461F833" box="[745,820,1895,1920]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
southwest of Fort Dauphin, but its relationship to 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FA3A090167B1F810" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FA3A090167B1F810" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">P. mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other members of the genus is currently unknown (de 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9EFE5A80C7822FCCA09E363C1F817" author="Rham" box="[887,1172,1931,1956]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" refString="de Rham, P. &amp; Nourissat, J. (2004) The endemic cichlids of Madagascar. French Cichlid Association, St. Julia, 191 pp." type="book" year="2004">Rham &amp; Nourissat, 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A80C7822FF7A09C76522F85F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1499,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FF7A09C76655F87B" bold="true" box="[199,256,1967,1992]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Diet.</emphasis>
Diet is largely unknown, although a radiograph of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A80C7822FCEC09D964EFF874" box="[849,954,1968,1992]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A80C7822FCEC09D964EFF874" box="[849,954,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">P. mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A80C7822FC7D09D86375F87B" box="[960,1056,1968,1992]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(AMNH 241978) reveals that the stomach contains gastropod shells (
<figureCitation id="13538E91A80C7822FD9909BB653DF85F" box="[548,616,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,991,1013]" captionTargetBox="[368,1231,237,957]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[337,1250,193,969]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Radiograph of Ptychochromis mainty, AMNH 241978, paratype, showing gastropod shells in the gut. Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290020/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF17C29CA803782DFF2A0DB7679CFBA0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/290020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" targetBox="[368,1231,237,957]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A803782DFF2A0DB7679CFBA0" blockId="8.[151,1436,991,1043]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A803782DFF2A0DB76646FC46" bold="true" box="[151,275,991,1013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Radiograph of 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A803782DFE0E0DB765C1FC46" box="[435,660,991,1013]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A803782DFE0E0DB765C1FC46" box="[435,660,991,1013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">Ptychochromis mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, AMNH 241978, paratype, showing gastropod shells in the gut. Scale bar = 1cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD79214A803782DFF7A0A536216FA24" blockId="8.[151,1436,1083,1503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A803782DFF7A0A536690FBE7" bold="true" box="[199,453,1083,1108]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">Conservation Status.</emphasis>
Madagascar’s freshwater biotas are severely threatened due to widespread habitat destruction, overfishing, and the introduction of numerous exotic species. This situation is exacerbated by high levels of endemicity and greatly restricted ranges (often comprising a single river system or lake) for most of the island’s freshwater fishes (Sparks &amp; Stiassny, 2003; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9EFE5A803782DFD4D0ACE6355FB0C" author="Sparks" box="[752,1024,1190,1215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" refString="Sparks, J. S. &amp; Smith, W. L. (2004 b) Phylogeny and biogeography of the Malagasy and Australasian rainbowfishes (Teleostei: Melanotaenioidei): Gondwanan vicariance and evolution in freshwater. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 33, 719 - 734. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2004.07.002" type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="b">Sparks &amp; Smith, 2004b</bibRefCitation>
; Sparks, 2008). In fact, over half of Madagascar’s native freshwater fish species are categorized as endangered, critically endangered or extinct (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9EFE5A803782DFF230A8666C4FAB4" author="Benstead" box="[158,401,1262,1287]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" refString="Benstead, J. P., de Rahm, P. H., Gattolliat, J., Gibson, F., Loiselle, P. V., Sartori, M., Sparks, J. S. &amp; Stiassny, M. L. J. (2003) Conserving Madagascar's Freshwater Diversity. Bioscience, 53, 1101 - 1111. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1641 / 0006 - 3568 (2003) 053 [1101: CMFB] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">
Benstead 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A803782DFEB30A986615FAB4" box="[270,320,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9EFE5A803782DFE200A8665E1FAB4" author="Sparks" box="[413,692,1262,1287]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" refString="Sparks, J. S. &amp; Stiassny, M. L. J. (2008) Les poissons d'eaux douce. In: Goodman, S. M. (Ed.), Paysages Naturels et Biodiversite de Madagascar. Publications Scientifiques Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris, pp. 283 - 309." type="book chapter" year="2008">Sparks &amp; Stiassny, 2008</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9EFE5A803782DFD7D0A8664DDFAB4" author="Irwin" box="[704,904,1262,1287]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" refString="Irwin, M. T, Wright, P. C., Birkinshaw C., Fisher, B. L., Gardner, C. J., Glos, J., Goodman, S. M., Loiselle, P., Rabeson, P., Raharison, J. - L., Raherilalao M. J., Rakotondravony, D., Raselimanana, A., Ratsimbazafy, J., Sparks, J. S., Wilme, L., Jorg, U. &amp; Ganzhorn, J. U. (2010) Patterns of species change in anthropogenically disturbed forests of Madagascar. Biological Conservation, 143, 2351 - 2362. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. biocon. 2010.01.023" type="journal article" year="2010">
Irwin 
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A803782DFCB80A98646BFAB4" box="[773,830,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">et al.</emphasis>
, 2010
</bibRefCitation>
), and the situation has become far more dire in recent years (JSS, pers. obs.). The region from which the 
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A803782DFC920B7C640AFA9F" box="[815,863,1300,1324]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">type</typeStatus>
series of 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A803782DFC6C0B7C636FFA98" box="[977,1082,1300,1323]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A803782DFC6C0B7C636FFA98" box="[977,1082,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">P. mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected has been poorly surveyed for freshwater fishes, and the conservation status of the new species remains unknown. We attempted to survey the region from which the 
<typeStatus id="54D32CB6A803782DFDA70B34651FFAC7" box="[538,586,1372,1396]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">type</typeStatus>
series was collected during an expedition to 
<collectingCountry id="F37FD284A803782DFBF10B336386FAC7" box="[1100,1235,1371,1396]" name="Madagascar" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
in April of 2014, but were unable to gain access to forested regions in the area with suitable habitat due to permitting issues.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372C19FA803782DFF7A0BCB64A0FA6C" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD79214A803782DFF7A0BCB64A0FA6C" blockId="8.[151,1436,1083,1503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A803782DFF7A0BCB661BFA0F" bold="true" box="[199,334,1443,1468]" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the 
<collectingCountry id="F37FD284A803782DFD930BCB65CEFA0F" box="[558,667,1443,1468]" name="Madagascar" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
word for black, 
<taxonomicName id="4C68E997A803782DFCCE0BCC64EBFA08" box="[883,958,1444,1467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mainty">
<emphasis id="B91C4E06A803782DFCCE0BCC64EBFA08" box="[883,958,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="87">mainty</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, referring to the species’ uniform dark pigmentation pattern in preservation and large black midlateral blotch in life.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>