152 lines
18 KiB
XML
152 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="DC05E592BB67F6C36CA1F6424BD79C9E" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.527.9575" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05e9fc25-2559-4e72-ae9c-76c9b6c569ed" ID-PMC="PMC4668888" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-527-57" ID-PubMed="26692788" ID-ZooBank="05826BC127464BAE97EF5BC06BD63D5C" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-527-57" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 527" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the genus Aseptis McDunnough (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Xylenini) with a description of two new genera, Paraseptis and Viridiseptis" checkinTime="1451243894865" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mustelin, Tomas & Crabo, Lars G." docDate="2015" docId="FC436160E9D590AD30126DF505649DBE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 527: 57-102" docOrigin="ZooKeys 527" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.527.9575" docTitle="Aseptis ethnica Smith 1899" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="AA6DFFF1FFC1FFF1FFB9FFD0FFC7B325" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Aseptis McDunnough (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Xylenini) with a description of two new genera, Paraseptis and Viridiseptis" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1701315087841" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BB4F7297CC356BEEECC7AB89C46A6305">Revision of the genus Aseptis McDunnough (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Xylenini) with a description of two new genera, Paraseptis and Viridiseptis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="870A20555C08BAA34B5EAA79F500F439">Mustelin, Tomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B4B45C37B4D47B006EFBA281137B0A55">Crabo, Lars G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="88369E88D10F28B0D196D3FA68AD8564">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="ABFBA34AB8EA4D62767DE77B660E74E7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.527.9575</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FC436160E9D590AD30126DF505649DBE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152062749" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC436160E9D590AD30126DF505649DBE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC436160E9D590AD30126DF505649DBE" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
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<subSubSection id="1895EC1DC67A77821693C2EFF2685F71" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="660140A5D53717B0E8DE24AAB3360DC3" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Noctuidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CC2045CF3E100791546DA06D2DC9C24A" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4FA479940152A7DA7F970DA3F59BDCEB" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="9095510688A79C829A99F95E33A4A28A" ID-CoL="H9GY" authority="Smith, 1899" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica (Smith, 1899)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 5-8, 60, 77
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7BF0A89353586417AB5F02C0F8CD959F" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6E320247188959F997FE862BD7046077" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="E542CD225F115969545A6AB86DE3C759" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Hadena ethnica</taxonomicName>
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Smith, 1899: 263.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0E8CDB6F04B39F468C5B1A8DEBC23C0A" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="81457715499C757D9D393F000056854A" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="500742ACAE7492CEA809E89BAE2D2136" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Holotype male [USNM, examined]. Type Locality: Yosemite, California.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3175A1A51051B1D65F09BC729E2E6D32" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="942FD85B311DBA6C1FDD610C19B22A1A" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="56B48D7CE3AAFEBF8232561A7EFBEA50" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="89FFB748B9CB4D9813945E7B02196362" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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is a large and broad-winged, wingspan 41.2
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<normalizedToken id="F71FB639E7EFD95EF1E4A9227FB4C545" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.5 mm (n=25; range 38.0-43.5 mm) with ill-defined markings. In southern California its forewing is dull grayish tan with a grainy appearance (Figs 5 and 6). In central and northern California and Oregon, it is dull deeper brown, sometimes with some reddish tones surrounding the dark-filled reniform and orbicular spots (Figs 7 and 8). The holotype from Yosemite is of the darker form and is reminiscent of
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<taxonomicName id="BE32CDC7E6E43AE5DFC3FFB1F283F56F" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fumeola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumeola">Aseptis fumeola</taxonomicName>
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. Most
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<taxonomicName id="295FE36CA85204CD84BDC24541EF7473" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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are much less contrasting than
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<taxonomicName id="48EB040CDD9BE4EB2BE82DF80135B736" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fumeola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumeola">Aseptis fumeola</taxonomicName>
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and lack its contrasting black-outlined spots, patchy dark shading, and reddish postreniform patch.
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<taxonomicName id="B1B6D65FD6C81328CAD9A1B62AA19412" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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can be challenging to distinguish from
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<taxonomicName id="351175120AEDE871955B5367A867184B" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fanatica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanatica">Aseptis fanatica</taxonomicName>
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, particularly when worn. Typically,
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<taxonomicName id="1C4A52903A83836644897CEEED6D0BD7" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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is larger with a broader forewing, has a grainier forewing pattern, and is the lighter species in any location. In southern California,
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<taxonomicName id="A1CF26799497DDFA39FB95669768909F" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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is pale grayish tan whereas
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<taxonomicName id="0EDD23CEB5CB8308C60BB58CD14CEC2F" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fanatica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanatica">Aseptis fanatica</taxonomicName>
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is darker gray brown. In northern California,
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<taxonomicName id="24CBF6D5983352D91826865B6D13CADE" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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is as dark as
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<taxonomicName id="B8E749AECAF705A3A03958E4EBD28B69" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fanatica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanatica">Aseptis fanatica</taxonomicName>
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in San Diego County, but in this area
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<taxonomicName id="A9E3CE9B88DB5AF9E8304651EB2C61FD" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fanatica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanatica">Aseptis fanatica</taxonomicName>
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is nearly black. In San Diego County,
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<taxonomicName id="95DA0EFE848C252D2C857725AF0C61C1" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="F7E97E0D81C89FAC3AE9F0A8BEBFBBC5" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis murina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="murina">Aseptis murina</taxonomicName>
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by being grainier and browner, and by lacking its characteristic pale costa.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="945A8E33125ABF495DFA878CCC5CC273" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
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<pageBreakToken id="F105679DD6C0CE63DB7867B4B63F82B3" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
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male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName id="6CFF16C1D5CC9D8406900ABD57AE831B" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from those of
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<taxonomicName id="F2BD42B1A01D9E4B16D32B3CD9814B32" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fanatica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanatica">Aseptis fanatica</taxonomicName>
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by the angle subtended by the two valves as noted in the key. The female bursa is slightly shorter in
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<taxonomicName id="C2510985EAEFB55AA2D55F925DB28691" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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than in
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<taxonomicName id="04C313520F2A9522B5C2649EBF370ADF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fanatica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanatica">Aseptis fanatica</taxonomicName>
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, approximately 5
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<normalizedToken id="7ACDC5E3C8C12C31D7C19223C025DFF4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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its width in
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<taxonomicName id="B9D7A687EFD6999864B06118CA11A341" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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and 7
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<normalizedToken id="9E1F1372B496CA340D084E7EE82CC74E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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in the latter species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6CD49D536D737C39FA713BB2C890B300" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
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The CO1 barcode DNA sequence of
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<taxonomicName id="AFCB637572392023C05FBB7FCCF691FA" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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is closest to
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<taxonomicName id="AEF6EF354AFEF909D8C08415CC17BFC8" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis murina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="murina">Aseptis murina</taxonomicName>
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, differing by 1.8%.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FC8DFEC42C25704FEF62D41BCF981D20" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" type="distribution and biology">
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<paragraph id="C5C562CAD0558990A11AEDBDB8DFCF9F" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6B5099DDFC54D67725F68D3DE76BF5CC" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
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<taxonomicName id="018E8F582EA9580E19E09D38B939A1EF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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is known from Arizona, California, western Oregon, and Baja California Norte, Mexico. The northern limit is not known precisely due to similarity of this species and
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<taxonomicName id="CFA7EBFED1EE3631B3557D0D9BA9628E" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fanatica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanatica">Aseptis fanatica</taxonomicName>
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in this portion of its range; however, it occurs at least to Jefferson County, Oregon, based on DNA.
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<taxonomicName id="FBBF9EC330D5F035A5F1C7108189622A" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ethnica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethnica">Aseptis ethnica</taxonomicName>
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flies in open Pine and Oak forest and mountain chaparral, mostly at elevations of above 1500 m in southern California but at lower elevations farther north. It has been found from early May to August and can be locally abundant during its peak flight in June and July. In the mountains of southern California (e.g., Laguna, Volcan, Palomar, and Santa Rosa Mountains) it often flies together with
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<taxonomicName id="1B11D880EEA424ED95A3A7A392C95D98" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fumeola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumeola">Aseptis fumeola</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="09DB4E6B72CB2330F2D53F5A0F505DAB" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis fanatica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanatica">Aseptis fanatica</taxonomicName>
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, and occasional specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="62A7CC4F4A73AC7A3C41D577D6001FF0" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis ferruginea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">Aseptis ferruginea</taxonomicName>
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. The immature stages are unknown, but the larval food plant was revealed by J.B.
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<normalizedToken id="232867F011220C22B7C48CB29A52927D" originalValue="Smith’s">Smith's</normalizedToken>
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description of the species in 1899 based on adult specimens raised from caterpillar on manzanitas (
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<taxonomicName id="CD1CFA81C6E4F28BF6D480996F0CA4E8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos" order="Ericales" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Arctostaphylos</taxonomicName>
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spp.).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2100084DB8ACEB5E40995E021D85A16B" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="0B6E16852FC47EEE22A9E4A0D09D72B5" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="188B7BFC40B01B72CE17BFC431F05BD5" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
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The name
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<taxonomicName id="CD1143495F9E212E708140FE19262C87" genus="Xylenina" lsidName="Xylenina ethnica" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="ethnica">ethnica</taxonomicName>
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is Latin and means heathen. Perhaps Smith was inspired by the raw wilderness of Yosemite in late 1899.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
|
||
</document> |