135 lines
15 KiB
XML
135 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7326" ID-PMC="PMC4983778" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-4-7326" ID-PubMed="27563277" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828-4-e7326" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" ModsDocTitle="Two new species of Prionomastix Mayr (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) with a key to Indian species" checkinTime="1457513089936" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Krishnachaitanya, Tirunagaru & Manickavasagam, Sagadai" docDate="2016" docId="7659F5098444F115F2E7759AAC1AD863" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e7326" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7326" docTitle="Prionomastix Mayr" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="7326" masterDocId="CD29FFC2FFD2FFE1A128A464FFFC7C11" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Prionomastix Mayr (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) with a key to Indian species" masterLastPageNumber="7326" masterPageNumber="7326" pageNumber="7326" updateTime="1668123488284" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Two new species of Prionomastix Mayr (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) with a key to Indian species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Krishnachaitanya, Tirunagaru</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Manickavasagam, Sagadai</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>7326</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>7326</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7326</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-4-7326</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7659F5098444F115F2E7759AAC1AD863" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7659F5098444F115F2E7759AAC1AD863" lastPageNumber="7326" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mayr" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Prionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionomastix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prionomastix Mayr</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Prionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionomastix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prionomastix</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mayr, G." journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="675 - 778" title="Die europaeischen Encyrtiden" volume="25" year="1876">Mayr 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 725−726. Type species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Encyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Encyrtus morio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Encyrtus morio</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dalman, by monotypy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Liocarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liocarus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Liocarus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Thomson, C. G." journalOrPublisher="Lund" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" title="Scandinaviens Hymenoptera" year="1876">Thomson 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 115,121−122. Type species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Encyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Encyrtus morio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Encyrtus morio</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dalman, by monotypy. Objective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Prionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionomastix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prionomastix</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Chestomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chestomorpha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chestomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ashmead, W. H." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United Sates National Museum," pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="323 - 412" title="On the genera of chalcid-flies belonging to the subfamily Encyrtinae" volume="22" year="1900">Ashmead 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 370. Type species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Chestomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chestomorpha biformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biformis">Chestomorpha biformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ashmead, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Prionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionomastix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prionomastix</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Trjapitzin, V. A." journalOrPublisher="Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="364 - 385" title="Review of the genera of Nearctic Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). i." volume="57" year="1978">Trjapitzin and Gordh 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(1978: 365).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Aprionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aprionomastix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aprionomastix</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Girault, A. A." journalOrPublisher="Archiv fur Naturgeschichte," pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="51 - 69" title="More new genera and species of chalcidoid Hymenoptera from Paraguay" volume="79" year="1913">Girault 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 68. Type species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Aprionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aprionomastix fasciatipennis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciatipennis">Aprionomastix fasciatipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Girault, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Prionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionomastix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prionomastix</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Annecke, D. P." journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Agricultural Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="503 - 513" title="New reared species of Prionomastix Mayr with synonymical notes (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae)" volume="5" year="1962">Annecke 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(1962: 504).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Prionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionomastix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prionomastix</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">Diagnosis</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
Female body measuring from 1.6−3.8mm in length, pale orange to dark brown or black, never metallic; fore wing infuscate or hyaline; hind wing hyaline; body robust. Head with occipital margin sharp; ocelli forming an angle of about 85−120°, posterior ocelli never closer to each other than to eye margin; antennal scrobes short, hardly longer than torulus, naked and meeting dorsally, inverted U or V shaped; antennal torulus relatively high on head, separated from mouth margin by at least about its own length; malar suture absent; mandible wide, widening towards apex; maxillary palpus two, three or four segmented, first and second segments sometimes partially or completely fused, labial palpus two or four segmented; scape subcylindrical; funicle six segmented; clava three segmented or entire. Mesoscutum with notaular lines absent; scutellum slightly convex; mid basitarsus with a single line of ventral pegs; postmarginal vein at least as long as stigmal, almost always much longer; stigmal vein strongly curved, uncus absent; linea calva entire and almost always closed; mesopleuron clearly separated from gaster by propodeum which more or less widely touches hind coxa; propodeum with numerous setae behind spiracle, these often extending down side to base of hind coxa. Gaster with cercal plates situated near apex of gaster; hypopygium reaching to about two-thirds along gaster or to apex; ovipositor curved upwards; ovipositor about 0.5−1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as mid tibia, not exserted, but sometimes extending upwards past apex of syntergum; second valvifer without subapical setae; gonostylus fused to second valvifer, naked, occasionally membranous (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noyes, J. S." journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination=": 848" title="Encyrtidae of Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), 3. Subfamily Encyrtinae: Encyrtini, Echthroplexiellini, Discodini, Oobiini and Ixodiphagini, parasitoids associated with bugs (Hemiptera), insect eggs (Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Neuroptera) and ticks (Acari)" volume="84" year="2010">Noyes 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
Male: Body measuring from 1.0−1.9 mm in length. Generally similar to female but frontovertex slightly wider; antennal toruli relatively a little higher on head; antenna with segments wider than in female, with very prominent linear sensilla on all flagellar segments; clava solid; fore wings mostly hyaline, rarely distinctly infuscate; phallobase varying from short and stout to elongate and slender, with a short, distal, median ventral process; paramere distinct and elongate, about 3−4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide, naked, digitus varying from shorter than paramere and straight to considerably longer and curved, up to 9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide, without apical hooks, but with up to 5 subapical setae; aedeagus variable, from slender to very wide with simple rounded to bilobed apex, varying from 0.25−0.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as mid tibia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noyes, J. S." journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination=": 848" title="Encyrtidae of Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), 3. Subfamily Encyrtinae: Encyrtini, Echthroplexiellini, Discodini, Oobiini and Ixodiphagini, parasitoids associated with bugs (Hemiptera), insect eggs (Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Neuroptera) and ticks (Acari)" volume="84" year="2010">Noyes 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">Notes</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="7326">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Prionomastix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionomastix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prionomastix</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from other encyrtid genera using the keys given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noyes, J. S." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="131 - 395" title="A review of the genera of Indo-Pacific Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)" volume="48" year="1984">Noyes and Hayat (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for Indo-Pacific region &
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hayat, M." journalOrPublisher="Published by Hayat, M. Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" title="Indian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)" year="2006">Hayat 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for India. For other useful taxonomic discussions on this genus one can refer to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hoffer, A." journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="191 - 220" title="Miscellanea encyrtidologica I" volume="31" year="1957">Hoffer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Annecke, D. P." journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Agricultural Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="503 - 513" title="New reared species of Prionomastix Mayr with synonymical notes (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae)" volume="5" year="1962">Annecke (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gordh, G." journalOrPublisher="Univ. Calif. Public. Entomol" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="1 - 55" title="Taxonomic studies of the Encyrtidae with the description of new species and a new genus (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea)" volume="93" year="1981">Gordh and Trjapitzin (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Trjapitzin, V. A." journalOrPublisher="Proc. Zool. Inst. Acad. Sci" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="103 - 108" title="A brief review of parasitic Hymenoptera of the genus Prionomastix Mayr, 1876 (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae), with description of a new species from Costa Rica" volume="191" year="1989">Trjapitzin (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Trjapitzin, V. A." journalOrPublisher="Acta Zool. Mexicana (nueva ser.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination="163 - 169" title="Description de una especie del genero Prionomastix Mayr (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) del Estado de Puebla, Mexico, con una clave par alas especies conocidas del genero" volume="75" year="1998">Trjapitzin and Ruiz-Cancino (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noyes, J. S." journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="7326" pagination=": 848" title="Encyrtidae of Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), 3. Subfamily Encyrtinae: Encyrtini, Echthroplexiellini, Discodini, Oobiini and Ixodiphagini, parasitoids associated with bugs (Hemiptera), insect eggs (Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Neuroptera) and ticks (Acari)" volume="84" year="2010">Noyes (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |