159 lines
14 KiB
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159 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.797.29510" ID-GBIF-Dataset="17a988bc-106e-4cd5-af88-8a606353b34f" ID-PMC="PMC6255853" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-797-19" ID-PubMed="30505161" ID-ZBK="A5403588F43D40FF81EE2009E49823B4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-797-19" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 797" ModsDocTitle="A revision of dragon millipedes IV: the new genus Spinaxytes, with the description of nine new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)" checkinTime="1542677994046" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Srisonchai, Ruttapon, Enghoff, Henrik, Likhitrakarn, Natdanai & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2018" docId="73FEB24B8930A04DB39EFB223FCBED8A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 797: 19-69" docOrigin="ZooKeys 797" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.797.29510" docTitle="Spinaxytes biloba Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="DAC03327-012B-4096-846C-468C40558DDE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="7C43FFACB225AA2193482143FFF2FF98" masterDocTitle="A revision of dragon millipedes IV: the new genus Spinaxytes, with the description of nine new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="19" originalUpdateDomain="Boston" originalUpdateTime="1542677994046" originalUpdateUser="pensoft" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668166441925" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of dragon millipedes IV: the new genus Spinaxytes, with the description of nine new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Srisonchai, Ruttapon</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Enghoff, Henrik</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Likhitrakarn, Natdanai</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>797</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>19</mods:start>
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<mods:end>69</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.797.29510</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.797.29510</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-797-19</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">A5403588F43D40FF81EE2009E49823B4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A5403588F43D40FF81EE2009E49823B4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="149736182" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DAC03327-012B-4096-846C-468C40558DDE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/73FEB24B8930A04DB39EFB223FCBED8A" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/DAC03327-012B-4096-846C-468C40558DDE" authority="Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Spinaxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinaxytes biloba" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biloba">Spinaxytes biloba Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="19">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, 5A, 6, 7, 8
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Holotype. ♂, THAILAND, Surat Thani Province, Phanom District, near Khlong Phanom National Park, Pha Daeng,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.894722">8°53'41"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.55334">98°33'12"E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 67 m a.s.l., 7 Aug. 2016, ASRU members leg. (CUMZ-pxDGT00205). Paratypes. 17 ♂♂, 24 ♀♀, same data as for holotype (CUMZ- pxDGT00206); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as for holotype (ZMUC00040249); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as for holotype (NHMW9423). Further specimens, not paratypes. 5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, THAILAND, Surat Thani Province, Phanom District, near Khlong Phanom National Park, Pha Daeng,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.894722">8°53'41"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.55334">98°33'12"E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 67 m a.s.l., 6 Aug. 2015, ASRU members leg. (CUMZ).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">The species name is an adjective, refers to the two additional process-like lobes on the solenophore (one on lamina lateralis and one on lamina medialis).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Differs from other species by having: metaterga 5-19 with 2+2 cones in anterior row and 3+3 cones in posterior row; sternal lobe between male coxae 4 subtrapeziform; male femora 8 and 9 with apophyses distally; lamina lateralis with an additional process-like protruding lobe; lamina medialis basally with an additional protruding process-like lobe.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">SIZE. Length 15-17 mm (male), 16-18 mm (female); width of midbody metazona 1.0-1.2 mm (male), 1.3-1.5 mm (female). Width of rings 2 = 3 <4 <collum <5 <head = 6-17, thereafter body gradually tapering towards telson.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Colour (Figure 6A, B). Specimens in life brown/pale brown; paraterga brownish white; head, antennae (except whitish distal part of antennomeres 7 and 8) and collum brown; prozona, metaterga (except white spines in posterior row) and surface below paraterga brown/pale brown; sterna pale brown/whitish brown; epiproct and legs whitish brown; a few basal podomeres whitish brown/white.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Antennae. Reaching to body ring 7 or 8 (male) and 6 (female) when stretched dorsally.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Collum (Figure 7A). With three transverse rows of setiferous cones, 4+4 in anterior row, 1+1 in intermediate row and 2+2 in posterior row; with one inconspicuous setiferous notch at lateral margin; paraterga wing-like, quite short, tip blunt, elevated at ca. 15°-20° (male) 10°-20° (female), directed almost caudad.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Tegument. Quite shining; collum coarsely microgranulate; metaterga and surface below paraterga finely microgranulate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Metaterga (Figure 7A, C, E). With two transverse rows of setiferous cones; metaterga 2-4 with 2+2 cones in anterior row and 2(3)+2(3) cones in posterior row; metaterga 5-19 with 2+2 cones in anterior row and 3+3 cones in posterior row; all cones subequal in length and size. An additional cone-like denticle at base of paraterga near anterior row of cones.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Paraterga (Figure 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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, H). Quite short; directed dorsocaudad on body rings 3-17, elevated at ca. 60°-70° (male) 55°-70° (female), directed more caudad on body ring II and increasingly so on rings 18 and 19. Denticle of paraterga located at base of paraterga and very close to anterior row of cones on metaterga. Ozopore visible in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Telson (Figure 7E, I, H). Epiproct quite long; tip subemarginate; lateral setiferous tubercles conspicuous; apical tubercles conspicuous. Hypoproct subtrapeziform, wide; caudal margin round (in some specimens subtruncate), with inconspicuous setiferous tubercles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Sterna (Figs 4A; 7F, G). Sternal lobe between male coxae 4 subtrapeziform, broad, and thin, tips subtruncate, in situ directed ventroanteriad; posterior surface of sternal lobe with two pores borne on swollen and short lobe.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Legs (Figs 4B, C; 7J). Male femora 8 and 9 with apophyses distally.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Gonopods (Figs 5A, 8). Coxa shorter than femur. Prefemoral part ca. half as long as femur. Femur not enlarged distally. Postfemoral part broad. Mesal sulcus wide; lateral sulcus narrow. Solenophore subequal in size to postfemoral part: lamina lateralis small and short; with a protruding lobe, process-like, directed mesad; apically round: lamina medialis long; base enlarged and stout, slightly attenuated near the tip, basally with a protruding lobe, process-like, directed mesad; tip curving down, bifurcating into two small spines. Solenomere curving down, compressed in transverse section, tip directed posteriad.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Distribution and habitat</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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(Figure 6C). Known only from the type locality which is a small isolated limestone mountain between Khao Sok and Khlong Phanom National Parks. The new species blended perfectly with the humid rock walls, and most specimens were found inside rock holes/crevices.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. biloba" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="biloba">S. biloba</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. co-occurs with
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
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(Pocock, 1895) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Srisonchai, R" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 177" title="A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.761.24214" volume="761" year="2018 a">Srisonchai et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation>
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) in the same habitat. Several attempts (2017-2018) have been made to find further specimens near the type locality, but none were found. As the new species has only been found at the type locality only, we regard
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. biloba" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="biloba">S. biloba</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. as endemic to Thailand.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Among all
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Spinaxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinaxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spinaxytes</taxonomicName>
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species,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. biloba" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="biloba">S. biloba</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is obviously the smallest (length 15-18 mm, width of midbody metazona 1.0-1.5 mm), and the live pale brown colouration is lighter than that of other species.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Figure 4. Male femora and sternal lobe between male coxae 4 of
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Spinaxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinaxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spinaxytes</taxonomicName>
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gen. n.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. biloba" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="biloba">S. biloba</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (A Sternal lobe B Femur 8 C Femur 9) D, E
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. efefi" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="efefi">S. efefi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (D Sternal lobe E Femur 5 or 6) F, G
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. hasta" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="hasta">S. hasta</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (F Sternal lobe G Femur 5 or 6)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. krabiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="krabiensis">S. krabiensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (H Sternal lobe I Femur 6 J Femur 7)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="K–M">K-M</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. macaca" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="macaca">S. macaca</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (K Sternal lobe L Femur 6 M Femur 7) N, O
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. palmata" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="palmata">S. palmata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (N Sternal lobe O Femur 5 or 6) P, Q
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. sutchariti" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="sutchariti">S. sutchariti</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (P Sternal lobe Q Femur 5 or 6) R, S
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. tortioverpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="tortioverpa">S. tortioverpa</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (R Sternal lobe S Femur 5 or 6)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="T–V">T-V</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. uncus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="uncus">S. uncus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (T Sternal lobe U Femur 6 V Femur 7).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |