261 lines
30 KiB
XML
261 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E9417225A162BA265AD821EE46E6CCAE">Colour patterns to sequences: a perspective on the systematics of the Hyperolius viridiflavus group (Anura: Hyperoliidae) using mitochondrial DNA</mods:title>
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<treatment id="056D7E4EFFF62704659BFBAC828091A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6539163" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195298786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6539163" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:056D7E4EFFF62704659BFBAC828091A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/056D7E4EFFF62704659BFBAC828091A5" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<subSubSection id="C5DE9CD3FFF62707659BFBAC823894C5" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF62707659BFBAC83379474" blockId="33.[151,559,1086,1113]" box="[151,559,1086,1113]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<heading id="D6337834FFF62707659BFBAC83379474" bold="true" box="[151,559,1086,1113]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF62707659BFBAC83379474" ID-CoL="3NQWJ" authority="Peters, 1875" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,559,1086,1113]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707659BFBAC83379474" bold="true" box="[151,559,1086,1113]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707659BFBAC80889475" bold="true" box="[151,400,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Hyperolius nitidulus</emphasis>
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Peters, 1875
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF62707659BFB15823894C5" blockId="33.[151,1437,1158,1617]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF62707659BFB158309948D" authority="Peters, 1875" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,529,1158,1185]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707659BFB158064948D" box="[151,380,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Hyperolius nitidulus</emphasis>
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Peters, 1875
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<specimenCode id="DD626723FFF627076710FB158384948D" box="[540,668,1159,1185]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="Museum">ZMB 7729</specimenCode>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4F0001BAFFF6270767ABFB1583F6948D" box="[679,750,1159,1185]" country="Nigeria" name="Lagos" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Lagos</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF6270767F6FB15824A948D" box="[762,850,1159,1185]" name="Nigeria" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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.
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<location id="881B9983FFF627076650FB1582B2948D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:056D7E4EFFF62704659BFBAC828091A5:881B9983FFF627076650FB1582B2948D" box="[860,938,1159,1185]" country="Nigeria" county="Below" municipality="Above" name="Colour" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" stateProvince="Lagos">Colour</location>
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in alcohol:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6D1F5522FFF627076122FB158561948D" box="[1070,1145,1159,1185]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Above</collectingMunicipality>
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violet-grey, a dark brown stripe from the nostrils, over the eye, to the flank, where it becomes many flecks against a pale background.
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<collectingCounty id="641AB7D4FFF6270765CBFB5D800894C5" box="[199,272,1231,1257]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Below</collectingCounty>
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this band, white with many small black flecks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C5DE9CD3FFF62707659BFB6183DB95C9" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF62707659BFB6182889579" blockId="33.[151,1437,1158,1617]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF62707659BFB6183399521" authority="Mertens, 1940" authorityName=", Pachydermus, Viridiflavus, Destefanii, Variabilis, Coerulescens, Karissimbiensis, Francoisi, Pantherinus, Ferniquei, Sheldricki, Rubripes, Glandicolor, Ommatostictus, Mwanzae, Goetzei, Ngorongoroensis" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,545,1267,1293]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707659BFB61806C9521" box="[151,372,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Hyperolius pallidus</emphasis>
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Mertens, 1940
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</taxonomicName>
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. NHMW 16862, “Poli bei Garua, Nordkamerun” (Poli near Garua,
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF62707601BFB6184899521" box="[1303,1425,1267,1293]" name="Cameroon" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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). Synonymy by
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<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF627076466FA858319951D" author="Rodel" box="[362,513,1303,1329]" firstAuthor="Rodel" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refId="ref33901" refString="Rodel, M. - O. (2000) Herpetofauna of West Africa. Vol 1 Amphibians of the West African Savanna. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 332 pp." type="book" year="2000">Rödel (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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. Above pale grey with fine black speckling on the head and sides of females. Juveniles uniform pale, or with two to four pale longitudinal stripes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF62707659BFACD83DB95C9" blockId="33.[151,1437,1158,1617]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF62707659BFACD83899555" authority="Laurent, 1951" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,657,1374,1401]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="viridiflavus" subSpecies="angeli">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707659BFACD80F09555" box="[151,488,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Hyperolius viridiflavus angeli</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF6270764FCFACD83899555" author="Laurent, R." box="[496,657,1374,1401]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" pagination="23 - 50" refId="ref31877" refString="Laurent, R. (1951 a) Catalogue des rainettes africaines (genres Afrixalus et Hyperolius) de la collection du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Annales Societ Royale Zoologique de Belgique, 82, 23 - 50." type="journal article" year="1951">Laurent, 1951</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. MNHNP 1921.34b, “Gribingui, Oubang-Chari”
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF6270761B2FACD800995B1" name="Central African Republic" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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. The
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF627076440FA1180F595B1" authorityName="Dumeril & Bibron" authorityYear="1841" box="[332,493,1411,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridiflavus">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF627076440FA1180F595B1" box="[332,493,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">H. viridiflavus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade does not extend far west into the
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF6270766ADFA1185A495B1" box="[929,1212,1411,1437]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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, and the
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<typeStatus id="527F71FAFFF627076011FA11845595B1" box="[1309,1357,1411,1437]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">type</typeStatus>
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is here assigned to
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF627076440FA3580C095ED" box="[332,472,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF627076440FA3580CC95ED" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[332,468,1447,1473]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">H. nitidulus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Dorsal colour uniform, with fine black speckling on side of head, tibia and lower leg, which may not be visible in some specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C5DE9CD3FFF62707659BFA7D80C597F1" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF62707659BFA7D8241967D" blockId="33.[151,1437,1158,1617]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF62707659BFA7D837B9625" ID-CoL="5J2W2" authority="Perret, 1966" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,611,1519,1545]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="nitidulus" subSpecies="aureus">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707659BFA7D80D79624" box="[151,463,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Hyperolius nitidulus aureus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF6270764DBFA7D837B9625" author="Perret" box="[471,611,1519,1545]" firstAuthor="Perret" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" pagination="289 - 464" refId="ref33102" refString="Perret, J. - L. (1966) Les amphibiens du Cameroun. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie, 93, 289 - 464." type="journal article" year="1966">Perret, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. MHNG 1038.39 “Ngaoundér”,
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF6270766DEFA7D85529625" box="[978,1098,1519,1545]" name="Cameroon" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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. Golden-yellow above, with a dark brown stripe from the side of the snout over the eye to the vent with a black border, and a similar dark line along the tibia.
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<tableCitation id="C046FAE3FFF627076479F9A580D0967D" box="[373,456,1591,1617]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="43.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="TABLE 3. Codes, localities and co-ordinates for the types and taxa now regarded as junior synonyms of the Hyperolius species, used in figs. 4–10." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D9BB9FD0FFFC270D659BFF0580AE90FF" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" tableUuid="D9BB9FD0FFFC270D659BFF0580AE90FF">Table 3</tableCitation>
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lists the localities of the synonyms.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF62707659BF9ED80C597F1" blockId="33.[151,1437,1663,2013]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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Sequences were available from
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF6270764F2F9ED838096B5" box="[510,664,1663,1689]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF6270767AFF9ED83F196B5" box="[675,745,1663,1689]" name="Benin" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Benin</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF6270767F9F9ED825996B5" box="[757,833,1663,1689]" name="Ghana" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF627076671F9ED82EA96B5" box="[893,1010,1663,1689]" name="Cameroon" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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(
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<figureCitation id="15FFD3DDFFF62707610DF9ED854496B5" box="[1025,1116,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,420,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-156@34.[151,1436,417,1940]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 8. Localities of sequences (black circles), type localities (stars) and location of junior synonyms of Hyperolius nitidulus (A), H. mariae (B) and H. sp 1 (C). Locality codes are explained in Table 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6538292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6538292/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
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). The minimum uncorrected
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707659BF93181B69690" box="[151,174,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">p-</emphasis>
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distances from other clades were 3.3–7.2% (
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<tableCitation id="C046FAE3FFF6270767A4F93182199691" box="[680,769,1699,1725]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="20.[151,239,762,788]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="TABLE 2. Uncorrected minimum p-distances as percentages between the clades. GOE—Hyperolius goetzei, NOB—H. noblei, MAR—H. mariae, VIR—H. viridiflavus, GLA— H. glandicolor, MAG—H. marginatus, TUB—H. tuberculosa, BAN—H. bangwae, DIN—H. dintelmanni, MOR—H. marmoratus, NIT—H. nitidulus, SPA—H. spatzi, PAR—H. parallelus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D9BB9FD0FFC32732659BFD6880129370" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" tableUuid="D9BB9FD0FFC32732659BFD6880129370">Table 2</tableCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF62707661BF93185E69691" ID-CoL="5J2W3" authority="Perret, 1966" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1966" box="[791,1278,1699,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="nitidulus" subSpecies="bangwae">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707661BF93185729691" box="[791,1130,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Hyperolius nitidulus bangwae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF62707617FF93185E69691" author="Perret" box="[1139,1278,1699,1725]" firstAuthor="Perret" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" pagination="289 - 464" refId="ref33102" refString="Perret, J. - L. (1966) Les amphibiens du Cameroun. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie, 93, 289 - 464." type="journal article" year="1966">Perret, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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was removed from the synonymy of
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<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF627076496F955830696CD" ID-CoL="3NQWJ" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[410,542,1735,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
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<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF627076496F955830696CD" box="[410,542,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">H. nitidulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and elevated to a full species.
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<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF627076675F955855796CD" author="Rodel" box="[889,1103,1735,1761]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rodel" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" pagination="177 - 188" refId="ref33935" refString="Rodel, M. - O., Sandberger, L., Penner, J., Man, Y. & Hillers, A. (2010) The taxonomic status of Hyperolius spatzi Ahl, 1931 and Hyperolius nitidulus Peters, 1875 (Amphibia: Anura: Hyperoliidae). Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57, 177 - 188." type="journal article" year="2010">
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Rödel
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||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF6270766C8F95582EE96CD" box="[964,1014,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF6270761E8F955847196CD" ID-CoL="3NQWJ" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[1252,1385,1735,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF6270761E8F955847196CD" box="[1252,1385,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">H. nitidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was genetically different from
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF6270764CEF97983369728" box="[450,558,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF6270764CEF97983329728" ID-CoL="6MPZ5" authority="Ahl, 1931" box="[450,554,1771,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spatzi">H. spatzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and confirmed its status, following earlier proposals (Wieczorek
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF627076017F97984569729" box="[1307,1358,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2001,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF62707659BF89D80289705" author="Schiotz" box="[151,304,1807,1833]" firstAuthor="Schiotz" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" pagination="1 - 346" refId="ref34134" refString="Schiotz, A. (1967) The treefrogs (Rhocophoridae) of West Africa. Spolia zoologica Musei hauniensis, 25, 1 - 346." type="journal article" year="1967">Schiøtz 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF627076431F89D80CF9705" author="Drewes" box="[317,471,1807,1833]" firstAuthor="Drewes" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref30498" refString="Drewes, R. C. (1984) A phylogenetic analysis of the Hyperoliidae (Anura): Treefrogs of Africa, Madagascar, and the Seychelles Islands. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 139, 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="1984">Drewes 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF62707671AF89D83B89705" author="Rodel" box="[534,672,1807,1833]" firstAuthor="Rodel" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refId="ref33901" refString="Rodel, M. - O. (2000) Herpetofauna of West Africa. Vol 1 Amphibians of the West African Savanna. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 332 pp." type="book" year="2000">Rödel 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The 16S rRNA sequences from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF627076129F89D84199705" author="Rodel" box="[1061,1281,1807,1833]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rodel" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" pagination="177 - 188" refId="ref33935" refString="Rodel, M. - O., Sandberger, L., Penner, J., Man, Y. & Hillers, A. (2010) The taxonomic status of Hyperolius spatzi Ahl, 1931 and Hyperolius nitidulus Peters, 1875 (Amphibia: Anura: Hyperoliidae). Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57, 177 - 188." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Rödel
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707617EF89D85BD9705" box="[1138,1189,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were used to identify this clade. The localities of taxa regarded as junior synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF6270766CAF8A185529761" ID-CoL="3NQWJ" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[966,1098,1843,1869]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF6270766CAF8A185529761" box="[966,1098,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">H. nitidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are listed in Table 8. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="527F71FAFFF627076060F8A184849761" box="[1388,1436,1843,1869]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF627076418F8C58396975D" ID-CoL="3NQWJ" authority="Peters, 1875" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[276,654,1878,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF627076418F8C580E2975D" box="[276,506,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Hyperolius nitidulus</emphasis>
|
||
Peters, 1875
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4F0001BAFFF6270767BEF8C583E1975D" box="[690,761,1879,1905]" country="Nigeria" name="Lagos" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Lagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF62707660AF8C58246975D" box="[774,862,1879,1905]" name="Nigeria" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although there were no sequences available from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4F0001BAFFF62707659BF8E981C397B9" box="[151,219,1915,1941]" country="Nigeria" name="Lagos" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Lagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
or anywhere else in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF6270764CBF8E9830697B9" box="[455,542,1915,1941]" name="Nigeria" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, this clade consists of sequences that were identified in the field as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF62707601BF8E9848497B9" ID-CoL="3NQWJ" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[1303,1436,1915,1941]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707601BF8E9848497B9" box="[1303,1436,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">H. nitidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF6270765BBF80D80DB9795" ID-CoL="3NQWJ" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[183,451,1951,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="viridiflavus" subSpecies="nitidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF6270765BBF80D80DB9795" box="[183,451,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">H. viridiflavus nitidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and that occurs west and east of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF627076648F80D82849795" box="[836,924,1951,1977]" name="Nigeria" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Only two clades (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF62707617DF80D85EE9795" ID-CoL="3NQWJ" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[1137,1270,1951,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF62707617DF80D85EE9795" box="[1137,1270,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">H. nitidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF627076022F80D848B9794" ID-CoL="6MPZ5" authority="Ahl, 1931" box="[1326,1427,1951,1976]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF627076022F80D848B9794" box="[1326,1427,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">H. spatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are known from West Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C5DE9CD3FFF5270465CBFF05828091A5" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF5270465CBFF0582D690D5" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,393]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF5270465CBFF0580B8909D" author="Portik" box="[199,416,151,177]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Portik" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" pagination="859 - 875" refId="ref33329" refString="Portik D. M., Bell, R. C., Blackburn, D. C., Bauer, A. M., Barratt, C. D., Branch, W. R., Burger, M., Channing, A., Colston, T. J., Conradie, W., Dehling, J. M., Drewes, R. C., Ernst, R. Greenbaum, E., Gvozdik, V., Harvey, J., Hillers, A., Hirschfeld, M., Jongsma, G. F. M., Kielgast, J., Kouete, M. T., Lawson, L. P., Leach, A. D., Loadcer, S. P., Lotters, S., Van der Meijden, A., Menegon, M., Muller, S., Nagy, Z. T., Ofori-Boateng, C., Ohler, A., Papenfuss, T. J., Rossler, D., Sinsch, U., Rodel, M. - O., Veith, M., Vindum, J., Zassi-Boilou, A. - G. & McQuire, J. A. (2019) Sexual dichromatism drives diversification within a major radiation of African amphibians. Systematic Biology, 68, 859 - 875. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syz 023" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Portik
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF527046418FF05805E909D" box="[276,326,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognised two sub-groups, one in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF527046639FF0582B2909D" box="[821,938,151,177]" name="Cameroon" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the other in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF527046167FF0585A0909D" box="[1131,1208,151,177]" name="Ghana" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF527046052FF0581CF90F9" name="Cameroon" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
sample is monophyletic, and has about a 2% difference from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF5270466B8FF2982E590F9" box="[948,1021,187,213]" name="Ghana" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
samples, it is not reciprocally monophyletic from the samples from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF5270464F2FF4D835C90D5" box="[510,580,223,249]" name="Benin" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Benin</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF527046743FF4D838390D5" box="[591,667,223,249]" name="Ghana" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF5270467AAFF4D83E290D5" box="[678,762,223,249]" name="Nigeria" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5D38FC8FFF52704663CFF4D82D290D5" box="[816,970,223,249]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF5270465CBFE91849E916D" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,393]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
|
||
The most common pattern elements in the descriptions of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="527F71FAFFF52704668AFE9182D99131" box="[902,961,259,285]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">types</typeStatus>
|
||
included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AC4B4DBFFF52704615CFE9185CD9131" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1875" box="[1104,1237,259,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF52704615CFE9185CD9131" box="[1104,1237,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">H. nitidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are a dark lateral band (50%), and a uniform back (50%). The percentages are not additive, as the pattern elements may be shared.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D7BCF58FFF5270465CBFED9828091A5" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,393]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
|
||
The advertisement call (no voucher) is described as ‘a single, pure, metallic and very loud tone’. Mean call length is
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E8F0A99FFFF5270465F2FEFD805A91A5" box="[254,322,367,393]" degrees="0.08" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" precision="555" value="-0.08">0.08 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, at a mean frequency of 2638 Hz (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E955B2A9FFF5270467C8FEFD829491A5" author="Rodel" box="[708,908,367,393]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rodel" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" pagination="177 - 188" refId="ref33935" refString="Rodel, M. - O., Sandberger, L., Penner, J., Man, Y. & Hillers, A. (2010) The taxonomic status of Hyperolius spatzi Ahl, 1931 and Hyperolius nitidulus Peters, 1875 (Amphibia: Anura: Hyperoliidae). Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57, 177 - 188." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Rödel
|
||
<emphasis id="BFB0134AFFF52704661CFEFD825991A5" box="[784,833,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |