238 lines
29 KiB
XML
238 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="D6480E14FFB9375548F22BB93A00ED9B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3692.1.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ddffc7b3-2654-49ec-b046-f32bc78af2d6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249019" ID-ZooBank="136660B8-7DCC-490E-AB79-46546CC18E40" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460652068901" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Göcke, Christian & Janussen, Dorte" docDate="2013" docId="03EF87D0CD01883680BEFA81FBB1F991" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03692p101.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Microxina benedeni Topsent 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="80" masterDocId="FFD6FFA8CD3388028029FF93FFE4FFE9" masterDocTitle="Demospongiae of ANT XXIV / 2 (SYSTCO I) Expedition — Antarctic Eastern Weddell Sea" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="28" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1698343927236" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6C9A555CF8A62977D16D9E6E37DB13F8">Demospongiae of ANT XXIV / 2 (SYSTCO I) Expedition — Antarctic Eastern Weddell Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F8EBE13A6F7BAE20DC293A146B9970FB">Göcke, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AC0ECB345C265F185AF355B22D2A9F88">Janussen, Dorte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="29FB66C7E8C2CD0B4703DB438B938B5D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AA81A3B611B91272C1B0DBB15DC643FC">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="102A51BB10896528F2F6CB2BB07ECED0">3692</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6A3470AA27727CAB56C572C51B6700FC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3692.1.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EF87D0CD01883680BEFA81FBB1F991" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6145341" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119573244" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6145341" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF87D0CD01883680BEFA81FBB1F991" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF87D0CD01883680BEFA81FBB1F991" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="C35C654DCD01883080BEFA81FBC3F9C5" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD01883080BEFA81FDB4FAC5" blockId="50.[151,592,1298,1357]" box="[151,592,1298,1324]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="D0B181AACD01883080BEFA81FDB4FAC5" bold="true" box="[151,592,1298,1324]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD01883080BEFA81FDB4FAC5" ID-CoL="439X9" authority="Topsent, 1901" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,592,1298,1324]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD01883080BEFA81FDB4FAC5" bold="true" box="[151,592,1298,1324]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD01883080BEFA81FE6EFAC5" bold="true" box="[151,394,1298,1324]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Microxina benedeni</emphasis>
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(Topsent, 1901)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD01883080BEFAA6FEBFFAA4" blockId="50.[151,592,1298,1357]" box="[151,347,1333,1357]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">
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(
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<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD01883080B6FAA6FF16FAA4" box="[159,242,1333,1357]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[155,1440,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 18. Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 1901), SMF 11836. A, habit in lateral view, B, habit in top-view. C, skeletal arrangement beneath the epidermal surface with echinating spicule bundles to the right, D, choanosomal skeleton. E, oxea. F – G. sigmas. Scale bars: A – B: 10 mm, C – D: 1 mm, E: 100 µm, F – G: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249037/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6C4037DCD01883080D4FAA6FEB6FAA4" box="[253,338,1333,1357]" captionStart="TABLE 14" captionStartId="52.[151,239,435,459]" captionText="TABLE 14. Spicule sizes of Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 1901). Values in µm are given as follows: minimum – mean – maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Topsent (1901), Burton (1929) and Koltun (1964) are given." pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Tab. 14</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD01883080BEFAEDFE51FA58" blockId="50.[151,1436,1405,1457]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD01883080BEFAEDFDF2FA7D" authority="Topsent, 1901" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,534,1405,1428]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD01883080BEFAEDFE80FA7A" box="[151,356,1405,1427]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Microxina benedeni</emphasis>
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(Topsent, 1901)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Koltun 1964: 107, pl. 15, fig. 14–16, 1976: 196. Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Valentine 2002: 885–886, fig. 7d.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD01883080BEFA49FEE8FA06" blockId="50.[151,1063,1498,1581]" box="[151,268,1498,1519]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Synonymy:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD01883080BEFA6BFBC3F9C5" blockId="50.[151,1063,1498,1581]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD01883080BEFA6BFDF5F9E7" authority="Topsent, 1901:16" authorityName="Topsent" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,529,1528,1550]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD01883080BEFA6BFEBEF9E7" box="[151,346,1528,1550]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Gelliodes benedeni</emphasis>
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Topsent, 1901:16
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 2, fig. 3, pl. 3, fig. 5.
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<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD01883080BEF984FE08F9C4" authority="Topsent, 1901" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,492,1559,1581]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD01883080BEF984FEA6F9C4" box="[151,322,1559,1581]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Gellius benedeni</emphasis>
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(Topsent, 1901)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Burton 1929: 423, 1932: 271, pl. 50, fig. 1, text-fig. 10.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C654DCD01883080BEF9CAFE32F950" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD01883080BEF9CAFE32F950" blockId="50.[151,1436,1625,1974]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD01883080BEF9CAFEE2F99B" bold="true" box="[151,262,1625,1650]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Material.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D40FD4FCD0188308124F9CAFE69F998" box="[269,397,1625,1649]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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from station 048-1 (SMF 11836),
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<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD018830833CF9CAFC97F998" box="[789,883,1625,1649]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.021" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="602.1">602.1 m</quantity>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE725001CD01883083A9F9CAFBE8F998" box="[896,1036,1625,1649]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" precision="9" value="-70.399">70° 23.94' S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE725001CD0188308430F9CAFB45F998" box="[1049,1185,1625,1649]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" precision="9" value="-8.319">8° 19.14' W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFF81006CD0188308484F9CAFACAF998" box="[1197,1326,1625,1649]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" value="2008-12-01">12.01.2008</date>
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.
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0188308513F9CAFE23F97C" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Material examined for comparison:</emphasis>
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BMNH 1928.2.15.112, “Discovery” Investigations,
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<collectingCountry id="F3517656CD0188308405F9EEFB73F97C" box="[1068,1175,1661,1685]" name="Antarctica" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FFF81006CD018830848EF9EEFACCF97C" box="[1191,1320,1661,1685]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" value="1925" valueMax="1928">1925–1928</date>
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, stn. 149, R.N. XLII. i., wet specimen.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C654DCD01883680EEF956FBB1F991" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD01883080EEF956FB87F85C" blockId="50.[151,1436,1625,1974]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD01883080EEF956FEBDF937" bold="true" box="[199,345,1733,1758]" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Description.</emphasis>
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Complete specimen (
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<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD0188308262F956FD7FF934" box="[587,667,1733,1757]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[155,1440,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 18. Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 1901), SMF 11836. A, habit in lateral view, B, habit in top-view. C, skeletal arrangement beneath the epidermal surface with echinating spicule bundles to the right, D, choanosomal skeleton. E, oxea. F – G. sigmas. Scale bars: A – B: 10 mm, C – D: 1 mm, E: 100 µm, F – G: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249037/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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A–B) growing on a bryozoan colony. Basis very narrow, growing on bryozoan, and widening towards top. Body form club-shaped with slightly rounded top. Specimen
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<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD01883084CFF97AFAD1F8E8" box="[1254,1333,1769,1793]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
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long and up to
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<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD01883080C0F89EFEA6F8CC" box="[233,322,1805,1829]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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wide. Surface distinctive; bearing many thin conules made up of skeletal fibres, running longitudinally throughout epidermis. These hair-like conules reaching a length of about
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<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD01883084A9F8A2FB27F8A0" box="[1152,1219,1841,1865]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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with a diameter of about
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<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD01883080F4F8C6FED3F884" box="[221,311,1877,1901]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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, occuring quite densely and regularly distributed, about
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<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD018830839CF8C6FC13F884" box="[949,1015,1877,1901]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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apart. On top side, two large oscules present (
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<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD01883080D3F8EAFEA9F878" box="[250,333,1913,1937]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[155,1440,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 18. Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 1901), SMF 11836. A, habit in lateral view, B, habit in top-view. C, skeletal arrangement beneath the epidermal surface with echinating spicule bundles to the right, D, choanosomal skeleton. E, oxea. F – G. sigmas. Scale bars: A – B: 10 mm, C – D: 1 mm, E: 100 µm, F – G: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249037/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="78">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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B), several additional oscules/pores occuring scattered all over the surface. Inside the sponge a rather large cavity. Colour in ethanol dirty yellowish white, texture very firm and hard.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF39664ECD00883180BEF833FC6FF81A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249037/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="79" targetBox="[155,1436,193,1931]" targetPageId="51">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD00883180BEF833FC6FF81A" blockId="51.[151,1436,1952,2035]" pageId="51" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD00883180BEF833FEC7F85F" bold="true" box="[151,291,1952,1975]" pageId="51" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0088318104F831FD4FF85E" authority="Topsent, 1901" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1901" box="[301,683,1952,1975]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="79" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
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<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0088318104F831FE1EF85F" box="[301,506,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="79">Microxina benedeni</emphasis>
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(Topsent, 1901)
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</taxonomicName>
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, SMF 11836. A, habit in lateral view, B, habit in top-view. C, skeletal arrangement beneath the epidermal surface with echinating spicule bundles to the right, D, choanosomal skeleton. E, oxea. F– G. sigmas. Scale bars: A–B: 10 mm, C–D: 1 mm, E: 100 µm, F–G: 10 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD07883680EEFF04FD32FF1E" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">
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Skeleton: Skeleton (
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<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD0788368184FF04FDE4FF46" box="[429,512,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[155,1440,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 18. Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 1901), SMF 11836. A, habit in lateral view, B, habit in top-view. C, skeletal arrangement beneath the epidermal surface with echinating spicule bundles to the right, D, choanosomal skeleton. E, oxea. F – G. sigmas. Scale bars: A – B: 10 mm, C – D: 1 mm, E: 100 µm, F – G: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249037/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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C–D) plumose with thick solid tracts of oxeas, running mainly towards surface, branching off not very regularly. Tracts piercing the normal surface level and forming erect long conules. Tissue including large numbers of sigmas and sand grains.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD07883680EEFE97FE84FE6E" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">
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Spiculation (
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<tableCitation id="C6C4037DCD0788368172FE97FE5EFEF5" box="[347,442,260,284]" captionStart="TABLE 14" captionStartId="52.[151,239,435,459]" captionText="TABLE 14. Spicule sizes of Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 1901). Values in µm are given as follows: minimum – mean – maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Topsent (1901), Burton (1929) and Koltun (1964) are given." pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Tab. 14</tableCitation>
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): Main spicules almost straight oxeas (
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<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD07883683B9FE97FC03FEF5" box="[912,999,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[155,1440,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 18. Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 1901), SMF 11836. A, habit in lateral view, B, habit in top-view. C, skeletal arrangement beneath the epidermal surface with echinating spicule bundles to the right, D, choanosomal skeleton. E, oxea. F – G. sigmas. Scale bars: A – B: 10 mm, C – D: 1 mm, E: 100 µm, F – G: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249037/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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E) with sharp ends and a relatively characteristic shape, tapering straightly from thick centres to the ends. Oxeas 760 to 980 µm long and 35 to 42.5 µm in diameter. Microscleres exclusively c-shaped sigmas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD078836836DFEDFFC72FE8D" box="[836,918,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[155,1440,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 18. Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 1901), SMF 11836. A, habit in lateral view, B, habit in top-view. C, skeletal arrangement beneath the epidermal surface with echinating spicule bundles to the right, D, choanosomal skeleton. E, oxea. F – G. sigmas. Scale bars: A – B: 10 mm, C – D: 1 mm, E: 100 µm, F – G: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249037/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
F–G), 47.5 to 62.5 µm in length and 22.5 to 27.5 µm in width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF39664ECD07883680BEFE20FEAAFDE2" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD07883680BEFE20FEAAFDE2" blockId="52.[151,1436,435,523]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD07883680BEFE20FEFCFE22" bold="true" box="[151,280,435,459]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">TABLE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicule sizes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD07883681E6FE27FCBCFE22" authority="Topsent, 1901" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1901" box="[463,856,436,459]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD07883681E6FE27FD40FE22" box="[463,676,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Microxina benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
(Topsent, 1901)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Values in µm are given as follows: minimum–mean– maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Topsent (1901), Burton (1929) and Koltun (1964) are given.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD07883680B6FDB4FF30FD8C" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">parameter SMF 11836 Topsent (1901) Burton (1929) Koltun (1964) Oxea</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD078836809FFDEAFAC4FD66" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" box="[182,1312,633,656]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">length 760–854.5–980 (30) 750 500 500–900</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD078836809FFD31FF04FD08" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">diameter 35–39.2–42.5 (30) 35–40 24 24–46 Sigma</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD078836809FFD66FAE3FCE2" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" box="[182,1287,757,779]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">length 47.5–54.2–62.5 (30) 45–50 39 39–63</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD078836809FFC8CFD45FCDC" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" box="[182,673,798,821]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">max. width 22.5–24.5–27.5 (30)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD07883680B6FCDBFEE4FCB7" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" box="[159,256,840,862]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Microxea</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD078836809FFCE2FAF0FC6E" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" box="[182,1300,881,903]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">length 67–125</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD078836809FFC09FF10FC30" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">diameter 3–4 Raphide</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD078836809FFC7EFBB1F991" blockId="52.[159,1367,550,1027]" lastBlockId="52.[151,1437,1092,1657]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">
|
||
length 90–140
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD07883680EEFBD7FEDFFBB5" bold="true" box="[199,315,1092,1116]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Koltun (1964) reported microxea and raphides in addition to the common spicules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368539FBD6FA78FBB5" box="[1296,1436,1092,1116]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368539FBD6FA78FBB5" box="[1296,1436,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">M. benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as shown by Topsent 1901). This is caused by the fact that Koltun (1964) followed Burtons’ (1932) synonymisation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD078836815AFB1FFD1CFB4D" authority="Topsent, 1901" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1901" box="[371,760,1164,1188]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD078836815AFB1FFDA9FB4D" box="[371,589,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Gelliodes benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
Topsent, 1901
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD078836831DFB1EFB5FFB4D" authority="Topsent, 1916" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1916" box="[820,1211,1164,1188]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="charcoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD078836831DFB1EFBE9FB4D" box="[820,1037,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Microxina charcoti</emphasis>
|
||
Topsent, 1916
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two species which mainly differ in their microsclere complements:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD07883682E9FB23FCA2FB21" box="[704,838,1200,1224]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD07883682E9FB23FCA2FB21" box="[704,838,1200,1224]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">G. benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses sigmas, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD078836844EFB22FB0EFB21" box="[1127,1258,1200,1224]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="charcoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD078836844EFB22FB0EFB21" box="[1127,1258,1200,1224]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">M. charcoti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has microxeas. The synonymy was based on the high similarity in growth, skeleton and megascleres. Nevertheless, Koltun (1964) distinguished between two distinct varieties, differing by their microscleres: forma
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368464FB6BFB56FAF9" box="[1101,1202,1272,1296]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368464FB6BFB56FAF9" box="[1101,1202,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and forma
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368510FB6BFA71FAF9" box="[1337,1429,1272,1296]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="charcoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368510FB6BFA71FAF9" box="[1337,1429,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">charcoti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He reported that microxea and sigmas never co-occur, thus his measurements as cited in the table are sure to summarize spicule sizes of different specimens, which is not very useful. In our opinion, the differentiation between the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368155FAF6FDE3FA95" box="[380,519,1380,1404]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368155FAF6FDE3FA95" box="[380,519,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">M. benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368214FAF6FD5BFA95" box="[573,703,1380,1404]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="charcoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368214FAF6FD5BFA95" box="[573,703,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">M. charcoti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems distinct enough to consider them as different species. This raises the question, whether the assignment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368288FA1BFCC1FA49" box="[673,805,1416,1440]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="benedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368288FA1BFCC1FA49" box="[673,805,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">G. benedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368360FA1AFC59FA49" box="[841,957,1417,1440]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368360FA1AFC59FA49" box="[841,957,1417,1440]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Microxina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is legitimate. The great similarity between the species’ characters, as pointed out by Burton (1932), might speak for a close relationship between these species, thus justifying the assignment to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD078836820FFA42FD7EFA01" box="[550,666,1489,1512]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD078836820FFA42FD7EFA01" box="[550,666,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Microxina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although on the other hand the species fits quite well with the definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368107FA67FE7EF9E5" box="[302,410,1524,1548]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368107FA67FE7EF9E5" box="[302,410,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Gelliodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as given by Desqueyroux-Faúndez and Valentine (2002). A solution to this question can only be found through a close look at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD8864CD0788368247F98BFD37F9D9" box="[622,723,1560,1584]" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Still, it must be mentioned that if this species is to be assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0788368091F9AEFEC8F9BD" box="[184,300,1597,1620]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0788368091F9AEFEC8F9BD" box="[184,300,1597,1620]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Microxina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the definition of this genus, as given in Desqueyroux-Faúndez and Valentine (2002), has to be emended in the way that not only microxea, but also sigmas are present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD07883683F2F9F2FBABF991" box="[987,1103,1633,1656]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Microxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD07883683F2F9F2FBABF991" box="[987,1103,1633,1656]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="80">Microxina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |